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Banerjee S, Vernon S, Ruchti E, Limoni G, Jiao W, Asadzadeh J, Van Campenhoudt M, McCabe BD. Trio preserves motor synapses and prolongs motor ability during aging. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114256. [PMID: 38795343 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The decline of motor ability is a hallmark feature of aging and is accompanied by degeneration of motor synaptic terminals. Consistent with this, Drosophila motor synapses undergo characteristic age-dependent structural fragmentation co-incident with diminishing motor ability. Here, we show that motor synapse levels of Trio, an evolutionarily conserved guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), decline with age. We demonstrate that increasing Trio expression in adult Drosophila can abrogate age-dependent synaptic structural fragmentation, postpone the decline of motor ability, and maintain the capacity of motor synapses to sustain high-intensity neurotransmitter release. This preservative activity is conserved in transgenic human Trio, requires Trio Rac GEF function, and can also ameliorate synapse degeneration induced by depletion of miniature neurotransmission. Our results support a paradigm where the structural dissolution of motor synapses precedes and promotes motor behavioral diminishment and where intervening in this process can postpone the decline of motor function during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Banerjee
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, VD 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Vernon
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, VD 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Evelyne Ruchti
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, VD 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Greta Limoni
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, VD 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wei Jiao
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, VD 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jamshid Asadzadeh
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, VD 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marine Van Campenhoudt
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, VD 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brian D McCabe
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, VD 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Evans F, Alí-Ruiz D, Rego N, Negro-Demontel ML, Lago N, Cawen FA, Pannunzio B, Sanchez-Molina P, Reyes L, Paolino A, Rodríguez-Duarte J, Pérez-Torrado V, Chicote-González A, Quijano C, Marmisolle I, Mulet AP, Schlapp G, Meikle MN, Bresque M, Crispo M, Savio E, Malagelada C, Escande C, Peluffo H. CD300f immune receptor contributes to healthy aging by regulating inflammaging, metabolism, and cognitive decline. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113269. [PMID: 37864797 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that immune receptors may participate in many aging-related processes such as energy metabolism, inflammation, and cognitive decline. CD300f, a TREM2-like lipid-sensing immune receptor, is an exceptional receptor as it integrates activating and inhibitory cell-signaling pathways that modulate inflammation, efferocytosis, and microglial metabolic fitness. We hypothesize that CD300f can regulate systemic aging-related processes and ultimately healthy lifespan. We closely followed several cohorts of two strains of CD300f-/- and WT mice of both sexes for 30 months and observed an important reduction in lifespan and healthspan in knockout mice. This was associated with systemic inflammaging, increased cognitive decline, reduced brain glucose uptake observed by 18FDG PET scans, enrichment in microglial aging/neurodegeneration phenotypes, proteostasis alterations, senescence, increased frailty, and sex-dependent systemic metabolic changes. Moreover, the absence of CD300f altered macrophage immunometabolic phenotype. Taken together, we provide strong evidence suggesting that myeloid cell CD300f immune receptor contributes to healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Evans
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay; Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniela Alí-Ruiz
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Rego
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay; Faculty of Sciences, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Luciana Negro-Demontel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay; Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Lago
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabio Andrés Cawen
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Bruno Pannunzio
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay; Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Paula Sanchez-Molina
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, and Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Reyes
- Uruguayan Center for Molecular Imaging (CUDIM), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrea Paolino
- Uruguayan Center for Molecular Imaging (CUDIM), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Duarte
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Drug Development, INDICYO Program, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valentina Pérez-Torrado
- Metabolic Diseases and Aging Laboratory, INDICYO Program, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Almudena Chicote-González
- Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celia Quijano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Inés Marmisolle
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Paula Mulet
- Unidad de Biotecnología en Animales de Laboratorio, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Geraldine Schlapp
- Unidad de Biotecnología en Animales de Laboratorio, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Noel Meikle
- Unidad de Biotecnología en Animales de Laboratorio, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariana Bresque
- Metabolic Diseases and Aging Laboratory, INDICYO Program, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Martina Crispo
- Unidad de Biotecnología en Animales de Laboratorio, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Savio
- Uruguayan Center for Molecular Imaging (CUDIM), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Escande
- Metabolic Diseases and Aging Laboratory, INDICYO Program, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Hugo Peluffo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay; Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay; Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.
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3
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Thomas MH, Gui Y, Garcia P, Karout M, Gomez Ramos B, Jaeger C, Michelucci A, Gaigneaux A, Kollmus H, Centeno A, Schughart K, Balling R, Mittelbronn M, Nadeau JH, Sauter T, Williams RW, Sinkkonen L, Buttini M. Quantitative trait locus mapping identifies a locus linked to striatal dopamine and points to collagen IV alpha-6 chain as a novel regulator of striatal axonal branching in mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 20:e12769. [PMID: 34453370 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurons (DA neurons) are controlled by multiple factors, many involved in neurological disease. Parkinson's disease motor symptoms are caused by the demise of nigral DA neurons, leading to loss of striatal dopamine (DA). Here, we measured DA concentration in the dorsal striatum of 32 members of Collaborative Cross (CC) family and their eight founder strains. Striatal DA varied greatly in founders, and differences were highly heritable in the inbred CC progeny. We identified a locus, containing 164 genes, linked to DA concentration in the dorsal striatum on chromosome X. We used RNAseq profiling of the ventral midbrain of two founders with substantial difference in striatal DA-C56BL/6 J and A/J-to highlight potential protein-coding candidates modulating this trait. Among the five differentially expressed genes within the locus, we found that the gene coding for the collagen IV alpha 6 chain (Col4a6) was expressed nine times less in A/J than in C57BL/6J. Using single cell RNA-seq data from developing human midbrain, we found that COL4A6 is highly expressed in radial glia-like cells and neuronal progenitors, indicating a role in neuronal development. Collagen IV alpha-6 chain (COL4A6) controls axogenesis in simple model organisms. Consistent with these findings, A/J mice had less striatal axonal branching than C57BL/6J mice. We tentatively conclude that DA concentration and axonal branching in dorsal striatum are modulated by COL4A6, possibly during development. Our study shows that genetic mapping based on an easily measured Central Nervous System (CNS) trait, using the CC population, combined with follow-up observations, can parse heritability of such a trait, and nominate novel functions for commonly expressed proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie H Thomas
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology (LCNP), Luxembourg
| | - Yujuan Gui
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Pierre Garcia
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology (LCNP), Luxembourg.,National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Mona Karout
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Borja Gomez Ramos
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg.,Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Christian Jaeger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alessandro Michelucci
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg.,Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Oncology (DONC), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Anthoula Gaigneaux
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Heike Kollmus
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Arthur Centeno
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rudi Balling
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology (LCNP), Luxembourg.,Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Oncology (DONC), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Joseph H Nadeau
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA
| | - Thomas Sauter
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lasse Sinkkonen
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Manuel Buttini
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology (LCNP), Luxembourg
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4
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Banerjee S, Vernon S, Jiao W, Choi BJ, Ruchti E, Asadzadeh J, Burri O, Stowers RS, McCabe BD. Miniature neurotransmission is required to maintain Drosophila synaptic structures during ageing. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4399. [PMID: 34285221 PMCID: PMC8292383 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24490-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline of neuronal synapses is an established feature of ageing accompanied by the diminishment of neuronal function, and in the motor system at least, a reduction of behavioural capacity. Here, we have investigated Drosophila motor neuron synaptic terminals during ageing. We observed cumulative fragmentation of presynaptic structures accompanied by diminishment of both evoked and miniature neurotransmission occurring in tandem with reduced motor ability. Through discrete manipulation of each neurotransmission modality, we find that miniature but not evoked neurotransmission is required to maintain presynaptic architecture and that increasing miniature events can both preserve synaptic structures and prolong motor ability during ageing. Our results establish that miniature neurotransmission, formerly viewed as an epiphenomenon, is necessary for the long-term stability of synaptic connections. Synaptic structures disintegrate and fragment as ageing progresses. Here the authors find that miniature neurotransmission is required to maintain adult motor synapse structures in Drosophila and that increasing miniature events can preserve motor ability during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Banerjee
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Vernon
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wei Jiao
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ben Jiwon Choi
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Evelyne Ruchti
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jamshid Asadzadeh
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Burri
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Steven Stowers
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA
| | - Brian D McCabe
- Brain Mind Institute, EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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5
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The aging mouse brain: cognition, connectivity and calcium. Cell Calcium 2021; 94:102358. [PMID: 33517250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process that differentially impacts multiple cognitive, sensory, neuronal and molecular processes. Technological innovations now allow for parallel investigation of neuronal circuit function, structure and molecular composition in the brain of awake behaving adult mice. Thus, mice have become a critical tool to better understand how aging impacts the brain. However, a more granular systems-based approach, which considers the impact of age on key features relating to neural processing, is required. Here, we review evidence probing the impact of age on the mouse brain. We focus on a range of processes relating to neuronal function, including cognitive abilities, sensory systems, synaptic plasticity and calcium regulation. Across many systems, we find evidence for prominent age-related dysregulation even before 12 months of age, suggesting that emerging age-related alterations can manifest by late adulthood. However, we also find reports suggesting that some processes are remarkably resilient to aging. The evidence suggests that aging does not drive a parallel, linear dysregulation of all systems, but instead impacts some processes earlier, and more severely, than others. We propose that capturing the more fine-scale emerging features of age-related vulnerability and resilience may provide better opportunities for the rejuvenation of the aged brain.
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6
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Gui Y, Thomas MH, Garcia P, Karout M, Halder R, Michelucci A, Kollmus H, Zhou C, Melmed S, Schughart K, Balling R, Mittelbronn M, Nadeau JH, Williams RW, Sauter T, Buttini M, Sinkkonen L. Pituitary Tumor Transforming Gene 1 Orchestrates Gene Regulatory Variation in Mouse Ventral Midbrain During Aging. Front Genet 2020; 11:566734. [PMID: 33173537 PMCID: PMC7538689 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.566734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain are of particular interest due to their role in diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. Genetic variation between individuals can affect the integrity and function of dopaminergic neurons but the DNA variants and molecular cascades modulating dopaminergic neurons and other cells types of ventral midbrain remain poorly defined. Three genetically diverse inbred mouse strains – C57BL/6J, A/J, and DBA/2J – differ significantly in their genomes (∼7 million variants), motor and cognitive behavior, and susceptibility to neurotoxins. To further dissect the underlying molecular networks responsible for these variable phenotypes, we generated RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data from ventral midbrains of the 3 mouse strains. We defined 1000–1200 transcripts that are differentially expressed among them. These widespread differences may be due to altered activity or expression of upstream transcription factors. Interestingly, transcription factors were significantly underrepresented among the differentially expressed genes, and only one transcription factor, Pttg1, showed significant differences between all three strains. The changes in Pttg1 expression were accompanied by consistent alterations in histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation at Pttg1 transcription start site. The ventral midbrain transcriptome of 3-month-old C57BL/6J congenic Pttg1–/– mutants was only modestly altered, but shifted toward that of A/J and DBA/2J in 9-month-old mice. Principle component analysis (PCA) identified the genes underlying the transcriptome shift and deconvolution of these bulk RNA-seq changes using midbrain single cell RNA-seq data suggested that the changes were occurring in several different cell types, including neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Taken together, our results show that Pttg1 contributes to gene regulatory variation between mouse strains and influences mouse midbrain transcriptome during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Gui
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Mélanie H Thomas
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Pierre Garcia
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,National Center of Pathology, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Mona Karout
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Rashi Halder
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Alessandro Michelucci
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Heike Kollmus
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cuiqi Zhou
- Cedars Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shlomo Melmed
- Cedars Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Infection Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Rudi Balling
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,National Center of Pathology, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology, Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Joseph H Nadeau
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Thomas Sauter
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Manuel Buttini
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Lasse Sinkkonen
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
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7
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Isenberg JS, Roberts DD. Thrombospondin-1 in maladaptive aging responses: a concept whose time has come. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C45-C63. [PMID: 32374675 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00089.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous age-dependent alterations at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organ systems levels underlie the pathophysiology of aging. Herein, the focus is upon the secreted protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) as a promoter of aging and age-related diseases. TSP1 has several physiological functions in youth, including promoting neural synapse formation, mediating responses to ischemic and genotoxic stress, minimizing hemorrhage, limiting angiogenesis, and supporting wound healing. These acute functions of TSP1 generally require only transient expression of the protein. However, accumulating basic and clinical data reinforce the view that chronic diseases of aging are associated with accumulation of TSP1 in the extracellular matrix, which is a significant maladaptive contributor to the aging process. Identification of the relevant cell types that chronically produce and respond to TSP1 and the molecular mechanisms that mediate the resulting maladaptive responses could direct the development of therapeutic agents to delay or revert age-associated maladies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David D Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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8
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Shoji H, Miyakawa T. Age-related behavioral changes from young to old age in male mice of a C57BL/6J strain maintained under a genetic stability program. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2019; 39:100-118. [PMID: 30816023 PMCID: PMC7292274 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Aging is thought to coincide with gradual and progressive changes in brain function and behavior over the lifetime. Our previous meta-analytic study reported age-related behavioral changes from young to middle age in male C57BL/6J mice. However, the previous study had some limitations that could affect the generalizability of the findings because of the potential influence of genetic and environmental factors on behavior, in addition to a lack of information regarding the behaviors of old-aged mice. Here, to investigate age-related behavioral changes from young to old age in mice, we analyzed the behaviors of male C57BL/6J mice from four different age groups (8, 47, 73, and 99 weeks of age at the beginning of the experiment) from a colony that had been maintained in a genetically controlled condition based on The Jackson Laboratory's Genetic Stability Program in an environmentally controlled animal facility. METHODS We used a battery of behavioral tests, including the light/dark transition, open field, elevated plus maze, hot plate, social interaction, rotarod, three-chamber social approach, prepulse inhibition, Porsolt forced swim, T-maze, Barnes maze, tail suspension, and fear-conditioning tests. RESULTS Some behavioral changes occurred between young and middle age, and further changes in various behaviors were observed in old age. Decreased locomotor activity and increased anxiety-like behavior were found in old-aged mice compared to those in young and middle-aged mice in the light/dark transition test. Similarly, an age-dependent decrease in locomotor activity was observed in the open field test and the elevated plus maze test, while there was an age-dependent increase in the time spent in the center area in the open field test and there were no significant differences among age groups in behavioral measures of anxiety in the elevated plus maze test. Decreases in motor performance and the auditory startle response were found in middle-aged mice compared to those in young mice. Similar behavioral changes and increased pain sensitivity, decreased social novelty preference, reduced working and spatial memory, and impaired cued fear memory were observed in old-aged mice compared to those in young mice. Prepulse inhibition was higher in middle-aged mice than in young and old-aged mice. Age-related changes in depression-related behavior were dependent on the type of test and the test time period. CONCLUSIONS This study generally confirmed our previous report regarding age-related behavioral changes from young to middle age and expanded the previous observations by examining the behaviors of old-aged mice. Our results show age-related changes in a wide range of behaviors in mice from young to old age. Most behaviors showed gradual changes with advancing age, but some types of behaviors, such as vertical activity, prepulse inhibition, and depression-related behavior, did not show unidirectional changes with age. These findings provide basic information about the behavioral characteristics of young, middle-aged, and aged male C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Shoji
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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9
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Motor deficits in 16-month-old male and female 3xTg-AD mice. Behav Brain Res 2019; 356:305-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Magalhães-Gomes MPS, Motta-Santos D, Schetino LPL, Andrade JN, Bastos CP, Guimarães DAS, Vaughan SK, Martinelli PM, Guatimosim S, Pereira GS, Coimbra CC, Prado VF, Prado MAM, Valdez G, Guatimosim C. Fast and slow-twitching muscles are differentially affected by reduced cholinergic transmission in mice deficient for VAChT: A mouse model for congenital myasthenia. Neurochem Int 2018; 120:1-12. [PMID: 30003945 PMCID: PMC6421860 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) result from reduced cholinergic transmission at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). While the etiology of CMS varies, the disease is characterized by muscle weakness. To date, it remains unknown if CMS causes long-term and irreversible changes to skeletal muscles. In this study, we examined skeletal muscles in a mouse line with reduced expression of Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT, mouse line herein called VAChT-KDHOM). We examined this mouse line for several reasons. First, VAChT plays a central function in loading acetylcholine (ACh) into synaptic vesicles and releasing it at NMJs, in addition to other cholinergic nerve endings. Second, loss of function mutations in VAChT causes myasthenia in humans. Importantly, VAChT-KDHOM present with reduced ACh and muscle weakness, resembling CMS. We evaluated the morphology, fiber type (myosin heavy chain isoforms), and expression of muscle-related genes in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles. This analysis revealed that while muscle fibers atrophy in the EDL, they hypertrophy in the soleus muscle of VAChT-KDHOM mice. Along with these cellular changes, skeletal muscles exhibit altered levels of markers for myogenesis (Pax-7, Myogenin, and MyoD), oxidative metabolism (PGC1-α and MTND1), and protein degradation (Atrogin1 and MuRF1) in VAChT-KDHOM mice. Importantly, we demonstrate that deleterious changes in skeletal muscles and motor deficits can be partially reversed following the administration of the cholinesterase inhibitor, pyridostigmine in VAChT-KDHOM mice. These findings reveal that fast and slow type muscles differentially respond to cholinergic deficits. Additionally, this study shows that the adverse effects of cholinergic transmission, as in the case of CMS, on fast and slow type skeletal muscles are reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daisy Motta-Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Esportes, EEFFTO, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luana P L Schetino
- Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jéssica N Andrade
- Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristiane P Bastos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Sydney K Vaughan
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA; Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Patrícia M Martinelli
- Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvia Guatimosim
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Grace S Pereira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Candido C Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vânia F Prado
- Robarts Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Marco A M Prado
- Robarts Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Gregorio Valdez
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Cristina Guatimosim
- Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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11
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Bang E, Lee B, Park JO, Jang Y, Kim A, Kim S, Shin HS. The Improving Effect of HL271, a Chemical Derivative of Metformin, a Popular Drug for Type II Diabetes Mellitus, on Aging-induced Cognitive Decline. Exp Neurobiol 2018. [PMID: 29535569 PMCID: PMC5840461 DOI: 10.5607/en.2018.27.1.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, as the aging population grows, aging-induced cognitive impairments including dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have become the biggest challenges for global public health and social care. Therefore, the development of potential therapeutic drugs for aging-associated cognitive impairment is essential. Metabolic dysregulation has been considered to be a key factor that affects aging and dementia. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a primary sensor of cellular energy states and regulates cellular energy metabolism. Metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) is a well-known AMPK activator and has been widely prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since the incidence of T2DM and dementia increases with aging, metformin has been considered to be one of the most promising drugs to target dementia and its related disorders. To that end, here, we tested the efficacy of metformin and HL271, a novel metformin derivative, in aging-induced cognitive decline. Water (control), metformin (100 mg/kg) or HL271 (50 mg/kg) were orally administered to aged mice for two months; then, the mice were subjected to behavioral tests to measure their cognitive function, particularly their contextual, spatial and working memory. AMPK phosphorylation was also measured in the drug-treated mouse brains. Our results show that oral treatment with HL271 (50 mg/kg) but not metformin (100 mg/kg) improved cognitive decline in aged mice. AMPK activation was correlated with behavior recovery after aging-induced cognitive decline. Taken together, these results suggest that the newly synthesized AMPK activator, HL271, could be a potential therapeutic agent to treat age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Bang
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Basic Science, IBS School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Boyoung Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Joon-Oh Park
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea.,Division of Insect Pests, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - Yooncheol Jang
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Aekyong Kim
- ImmunoMet, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Sungwuk Kim
- ImmunoMet, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77021, USA.,Hanall Biopharma Inc., Seoul 06170, Korea
| | - Hee-Sup Shin
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Basic Science, IBS School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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12
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Collier AF, Gumerson J, Lehtimäki K, Puoliväli J, Jones JW, Kane MA, Manne S, O'Neill A, Windish HP, Ahtoniemi T, Williams BA, Albrecht DE, Bloch RJ. Effect of Ibuprofen on Skeletal Muscle of Dysferlin-Null Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:409-419. [PMID: 29284661 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.244244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and nitric oxide (NO) donors have been reported to reduce the severity of muscular dystrophies in mice associated with the absence of dystrophin or α-sarcoglycan, but their effects on mice that are dystrophic due to the absence of dysferlin have not been examined. We have tested ibuprofen, as well as isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), a NO donor, to learn whether used alone or together they protect dysferlin-null muscle in A/J mice from large strain injury (LSI) induced by a series of high strain lengthening contractions. Mice were maintained on chow containing ibuprofen and ISDN for 4 weeks. They were then subjected to LSI and maintained on the drugs for 3 additional days. We measured loss of torque immediately following injury and at day 3 postinjury, fiber necrosis, and macrophage infiltration at day 3 postinjury, and serum levels of the drugs at the time of euthanasia. Loss of torque immediately after injury was not altered by the drugs. However, the torque on day 3 postinjury significantly decreased as a function of ibuprofen concentration in the serum (range, 0.67-8.2 µg/ml), independent of ISDN. The effects of ISDN on torque loss at day 3 postinjury were not significant. In long-term studies of dysferlinopathic BlAJ mice, lower doses of ibuprofen had no effects on muscle morphology, but reduced treadmill running by 40%. Our results indicate that ibuprofen can have deleterious effects on dysferlin-null muscle and suggest that its use at pharmacological doses should be avoided by individuals with dysferlinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa F Collier
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Jessica Gumerson
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Kimmo Lehtimäki
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Jukka Puoliväli
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Jace W Jones
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Maureen A Kane
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Sankeerth Manne
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Andrea O'Neill
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Hillarie P Windish
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Toni Ahtoniemi
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Bradley A Williams
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Douglas E Albrecht
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
| | - Robert J Bloch
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (A.F.C., J.G., S.M., A.O'N., R.J.B.); Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland (K.L., J.P., T.A.); Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland (M.A.K., J.W.J.); and Jain Foundation, Seattle, Washington (H.P.W., B.A.W., D.E.A.)
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13
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Thiry L, Lemieux M, Bretzner F. Age- and speed-dependent modulation of gaits in DSCAM 2J mutant mice. J Neurophysiol 2017; 119:723-737. [PMID: 29093169 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00471.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaits depend on the interplay between distributed spinal neural networks, termed central pattern generators, generating rhythmic and coordinated movements, primary afferents, and descending supraspinal inputs. Recent studies demonstrated that the mouse displays a rich repertoire of gaits. Changes in gaits occur in mutant mice lacking particular neurons or molecular signaling pathways implicated in the normal establishment of these neural networks. Given the role of the Down syndrome cell adherence molecule (DSCAM) to the formation and maintenance of spinal interneuronal circuits and sensorimotor integration, we have investigated its functional contribution to gaits over a wide range of locomotor speeds using freely walking mice. We show in this study that the DSCAM2J mutation, while not precluding any gait, impairs the age- and speed-dependent modulation of gaits. It impairs the ability of mice to maintain their locomotion at high treadmill speeds. DSCAM2J mutation induces the dominance of lateral walk over trot and the emergence of aberrant gaits for mice, such as pace and diagonal walk. Gaits were also more labile in DSCAM2J mutant mice, i.e., less stable, less attractive, and less predictable than in their wild-type littermates. Our results suggest that the DSCAM mutation affects the behavioral repertoire of gaits in an age- and speed-dependent manner. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Gaits evolve throughout development, up to adulthood, and according to the genetic background. Using mutant mice lacking DSCAM (a cell adherence molecule associated with Down syndrome), we show that the DSCAM2J mutation alters the repertoire of gaits according to the mouse's age and speed, and prevents fast gaits. Such an incapacity suggests a reorganization of spinal, propriospinal, and supraspinal neuronal circuits underlying locomotor control in DSCAM2J mutant mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Thiry
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL-Neurosciences, Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Maxime Lemieux
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL-Neurosciences, Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Frédéric Bretzner
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL-Neurosciences, Quebec City, Quebec , Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
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14
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Markowski VP, Miller-Rhodes P, Cheung R, Goeke C, Pecoraro V, Cohen G, Small DJ. Motor deficits, impaired response inhibition, and blunted response to methylphenidate following neonatal exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2017; 63:51-59. [PMID: 28764964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE) is an applied brominated flame retardant that is widely-used in electronic equipment. After decades of use, decaBDE and other members of its polybrominated diphenyl ether class have become globally-distributed environmental contaminants that can be measured in the atmosphere, water bodies, wildlife, food staples and human breastmilk. Although it has been banned in Europe and voluntarily withdrawn from the U.S. market, it is still used in Asian countries. Evidence from epidemiological and animal studies indicate that decaBDE exposure targets brain development and produces behavioral impairments. The current study examined an array of motor and learning behaviors in a C57BL6/J mouse model to determine the breadth of the developmental neurotoxicity produced by decaBDE. Mouse pups were given a single daily oral dose of 0 or 20mg/kg decaBDE from postnatal day 1 to 21 and were tested in adulthood. Exposed male mice had impaired forelimb grip strength, altered motor output in a circadian wheel-running procedure, increased response errors during an operant differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL) procedure and a blunted response to an acute methylphenidate challenge administered before DRL testing. With the exception of altered wheel-running output, exposed females were not affected. Neither sex had altered somatic growth, motor coordination impairments on the Rotarod, gross learning deficits during operant lever-press acquisition, or impaired food motivation. The overall pattern of effects suggests that males are more sensitive to developmental decaBDE exposure, especially when performing behaviors that require effortful motor output or when learning tasks that require sufficient response inhibition for their successful completion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent P Markowski
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States.
| | - Patrick Miller-Rhodes
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States
| | - Randy Cheung
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States
| | - Calla Goeke
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States
| | - Vincent Pecoraro
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States
| | - Gideon Cohen
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States
| | - Deena J Small
- Department of Biochemistry, University of New England, Biddeford, ME 04005, United States
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15
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Different age-dependent performance in Drosophila wild-type Canton-S and the white mutant w1118 flies. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 206:17-23. [PMID: 28087331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aging has significant effects on the locomotor performance of insects including Drosophila. Using a protocol for the high-throughput analysis of fly locomotion in a circular arena, we examined age-dependent behavioral characteristics in adult flies. There are widely used wild-type and genetically engineered background lines including the Canton-S strain and the w1118 strain, which has a null mutation of the white gene. Under standard rearing conditions, we found similar survival and median lifespans in Canton-S (50days) and w1118 (54days) strains, however, w1118 flies maintained stable body mass for up to 43days, whereas Canton-S flies gained body mass at young age, followed by a gradual decline. We also tested the behavioral performance of young and old flies. Compared with young w1118 flies (5-10days), old w1118 flies (40-45days) had an increased boundary preference during locomotion in small circular arenas, and increased speed of locomotor recovery from anoxia. Old Canton-S files, however, exhibited unchanged boundary preference and reduced recovery speed from anoxia relative to young flies. In addition, old w1118 flies showed decreased path length per minute and reduced 0.2s path increment compared with young flies, whereas old Canton-S flies displayed the same path length per minute and the same 0.2s path increment compared with young flies. We conclude that age-dependent behavioral and physiological changes differ between Canton-S and w1118 flies. These results illustrate that phenotypic differences between strains can change qualitatively, as well as quantitatively, as the animals age.
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16
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Tung VWK, Burton TJ, Quail SL, Mathews MA, Camp AJ. Motor Performance is Impaired Following Vestibular Stimulation in Ageing Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:12. [PMID: 26869921 PMCID: PMC4737917 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Balance and maintaining postural equilibrium are important during stationary and dynamic movements to prevent falls, particularly in older adults. While our sense of balance is influenced by vestibular, proprioceptive, and visual information, this study focuses primarily on the vestibular component and its age-related effects on balance. C57Bl/6J mice of ages 1, 5–6, 8–9 and 27–28 months were tested using a combination of standard (such as grip strength and rotarod) and newly-developed behavioral tests (including balance beam and walking trajectory tests with a vestibular stimulus). In the current study, we confirm a decline in fore-limb grip strength and gross motor coordination as age increases. We also show that a vestibular stimulus of low frequency (2–3 Hz) and duration can lead to age-dependent changes in balance beam performance, which was evident by increases in latency to begin walking on the beam as well as the number of times hind-feet slip (FS) from the beam. Furthermore, aged mice (27–28 months) that received continuous access to a running wheel for 4 weeks did not improve when retested. Mice of ages 1, 10, 13 and 27–28 months were also tested for changes in walking trajectory as a result of the vestibular stimulus. While no linear relationship was observed between the changes in trajectory and age, 1-month-old mice were considerably less affected than mice of ages 10, 13 and 27–28 months. Conclusion: this study confirms there are age-related declines in grip strength and gross motor coordination. We also demonstrate age-dependent changes to finer motor abilities as a result of a low frequency and duration vestibular stimulus. These changes showed that while the ability to perform the balance beam task remained intact across all ages tested, behavioral changes in task performance were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria W K Tung
- Discipline of Biomedical Science, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas J Burton
- The Bosch Institute Animal Behavioural Facility, The University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Physiology, The University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephanie L Quail
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Miranda A Mathews
- Discipline of Biomedical Science, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aaron J Camp
- Discipline of Biomedical Science, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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Age-related changes in behavior in C57BL/6J mice from young adulthood to middle age. Mol Brain 2016; 9:11. [PMID: 26822304 PMCID: PMC4730600 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-016-0191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is considered to be associated with progressive changes in the brain and its associated sensory, motor, and cognitive functions. A large number of studies comparing young and aged animals have reported differences in various behaviors between age-cohorts, indicating behavioral dysfunctions related to aging. However, relatively little is known about behavioral changes from young adulthood to middle age, and the effect of age on behavior during the early stages of life remains to be understood. In order to investigate age-related changes in the behaviors of mice from young adulthood to middle age, we performed a large-scale analysis of the behavioral data obtained from our behavioral test battery involving 1739 C57BL/6J wild-type mice at 2–12 months of age. Results Significant behavioral differences between age groups (2–3-, 4–5-, 6–7-, and 8–12-month-old groups) were found in all the behavioral tests, including the light/dark transition, open field, elevated plus maze, rotarod, social interaction, prepulse inhibition, Porsolt forced swim, tail suspension, Barnes maze, and fear conditioning tests, except for the hot plate test. Compared with the 2–3-month-old group, the 4–5- and 6–7-month-old groups exhibited decreased locomotor activity to novel environments, motor function, acoustic startle response, social behavior, and depression-related behavior, increased prepulse inhibition, and deficits in spatial and cued fear memory. For most behaviors, the 8–12-month-old group showed similar but more pronounced changes in most of these behaviors compared with the younger age groups. Older groups exhibited increased anxiety-like behavior in the light/dark transition test whereas those groups showed seemingly decreased anxiety-like behavior measured by the elevated plus maze test. Conclusions The large-scale analysis of behavioral data from our battery of behavioral tests indicated age-related changes in a wide range of behaviors from young adulthood to middle age in C57BL/6J mice, though these results might have been influenced by possible confounding factors such as the time of day at testing and prior test experience. Our results also indicate that relatively narrow age differences can produce significant behavioral differences during adulthood in mice. These findings provide an insight into our understanding of the neurobiological processes underlying brain function and behavior that are subject to age-related changes in early to middle life. The findings also indicate that age is one of the critical factors to be carefully considered when designing behavioral tests and interpreting behavioral differences that might be induced by experimental manipulations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13041-016-0191-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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van Dijk RM, Lazic SE, Slomianka L, Wolfer DP, Amrein I. Large-scale phenotyping links adult hippocampal neurogenesis to the reaction to novelty. Hippocampus 2015; 26:646-57. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Maarten van Dijk
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Zürich; Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich; University of Zurich and ETH Zurich; Zürich Switzerland
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport; Department of Health Sciences and Technology; ETH Zurich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - Stanley E. Lazic
- In Silico Lead Discovery, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Basel Switzerland
| | | | - David P. Wolfer
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Zürich; Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich; University of Zurich and ETH Zurich; Zürich Switzerland
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport; Department of Health Sciences and Technology; ETH Zurich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - Irmgard Amrein
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Zürich; Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich; University of Zurich and ETH Zurich; Zürich Switzerland
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19
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Brust V, Schindler PM, Lewejohann L. Lifetime development of behavioural phenotype in the house mouse (Mus musculus). Front Zool 2015; 12 Suppl 1:S17. [PMID: 26816516 PMCID: PMC4722345 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-12-s1-s17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
With each trajectory taken during the ontogeny of an individual, the number of optional behavioural phenotypes that can be expressed across its life span is reduced. The initial range of phenotypic plasticity is largely determined by the genetic material/composition of the gametes whereas interacting with the given environment shapes individuals to adapt to/cope with specific demands. In mammalian species, the phenotype is shaped as the foetus grows, depending on the environment in the uterus, which in turn depends on the outer environment the mother experiences during pregnancy. After birth, a complex interaction between innate constitution and environmental conditions shapes individual lifetime trajectories, bringing about a wide range of diversity among individual subjects. In laboratory mice inbreeding has been systematically induced in order to reduce the genetic variability between experimental subjects. In addition, within most laboratories conducting behavioural phenotyping with mice, breeding and housing conditions are highly standardised. Despite such standardisation efforts a considerable amount of variability persists in the behaviour of mice. There is good evidence that phenotypic variation is not merely random but might involve individual specific behavioural patterns consistent over time. In order to understand the mechanisms and the possible adaptive value of the maintenance of individuality we review the emergence of behavioural phenotypes over the course of the life of (laboratory) mice. We present a literature review summarizing developmental stages of behavioural development of mice along with three illustrative case studies. We conclude that the accumulation of environmental differences and experiences lead to a “mouse individuality” that becomes increasingly stable over the lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Brust
- Behavioral Biology, University of Osnabrueck, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Philipp M Schindler
- Behavioral Biology, University of Osnabrueck, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Lars Lewejohann
- Behavioral Biology, University of Osnabrueck, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrueck, Germany
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20
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Tung VWK, Burton TJ, Dababneh E, Quail SL, Camp AJ. Behavioral assessment of the aging mouse vestibular system. J Vis Exp 2014. [PMID: 25045963 DOI: 10.3791/51605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Age related decline in balance performance is associated with deteriorating muscle strength, motor coordination and vestibular function. While a number of studies show changes in balance phenotype with age in rodents, very few isolate the vestibular contribution to balance under either normal conditions or during senescence. We use two standard behavioral tests to characterize the balance performance of mice at defined age points over the lifespan: the rotarod test and the inclined balance beam test. Importantly though, a custom built rotator is also used to stimulate the vestibular system of mice (without inducing overt signs of motion sickness). These two tests have been used to show that changes in vestibular mediated-balance performance are present over the murine lifespan. Preliminary results show that both the rotarod test and the modified balance beam test can be used to identify changes in balance performance during aging as an alternative to more difficult and invasive techniques such as vestibulo-ocular (VOR) measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J Burton
- The Bosch Institute Animal Behavioural Facility, University of Sydney
| | | | | | - Aaron J Camp
- Discipline of Biomedical Science, University of Sydney;
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21
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Fahlström A, Zeberg H, Ulfhake B. Changes in behaviors of male C57BL/6J mice across adult life span and effects of dietary restriction. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:1435-52. [PMID: 21989972 PMCID: PMC3528371 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral analysis is a high-end read-out of aging impact on an organism, and here, we have analyzed behaviors in 4-, 22-, and 28-month-old male C57BL/6J with a broad range of tests. For comparison, a group of 28-month-old males maintained on dietary restriction (DR) was included. The most conspicuous alteration was the decline in exploration activity with advancing age. Aging also affected other behaviors such as motor skill acquisition and grip strength, in contrast to latency to thermal stimuli and visual placement which were unchanged. Object recognition tests revealed intact working memory at 28 months while memory recollection was impaired already at 22 months. Comparison with female C57BL/6J (Fahlström et al., Neurobiol Aging 32:1868-1880, 2011) revealed that alterations in aged males and females are similar and that several of the behavioral indices correlate with age in both sexes. Moreover, we examined if behavioral indices in 22-month-old males could predict remaining life span as suggested in the study by Ingram and Reynolds (Exp Aging Res 12(3):155-162, 1986) and found that exploratory activity and motor skills accounted for up to 65% of the variance. Consistent with that a high level of exploratory activity and preserved motor capacity indicated a long post-test survival, 28-month-old males maintained on DR were more successful in such tests than ad libitum fed age-matched males. In summary, aged C57BL/6J males are marked by a reduced exploratory activity, an alteration that DR impedes. In light of recently published data, we discuss if a diminishing drive to explore may associate with aging-related impairment of central aminergic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Fahlström
- Experimental Neurogerontology, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hugo Zeberg
- Experimental Neurogerontology, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brun Ulfhake
- Experimental Neurogerontology, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Xu RX, Grigoryev N, Li TL, Bian HS, Zhang R, Liu XY. Development of hexagonal maze procedure for evaluating memory in rat. Biomed Rep 2012; 1:134-138. [PMID: 24648909 DOI: 10.3892/br.2012.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory is known as a series of behavioral changes caused by an experience, while learning is a process for acquiring memory. In the present study, we suggested a new method (hexagonal maze) to evaluate the learning and memory of rats. For preliminary validation, the authors used the maze to carry out two classical experiments. At first, the performance of rats of various ages was observed in the maze. Additionally, after establishing the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation model using the modified multiple platform method (MMPM), the authors also utilized a new experimental device to analyze learning and memory responses to REM sleep deprivation in rats. Behavior of the rats in the maze was recorded by a video recorder and was then quantified. According to the behavioral characteristics, rats of various ages showed differences in memory. Middle-aged male rats exhibited a higher level compared to the young (P<0.05) and the old group (P<0.01). The results also indicated that the ability of learning and memory showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) after REM sleep deprivation. These findings were consistent with those of several similar studies using one of the adopted procedures (Morris water maze, radial arm maze and the Y-maze). Based on the above-mentioned preliminary experiments, the introduction of a hexagonal maze may provide an applicable method for analyzing learning and memory of rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
| | - Nikolay Grigoryev
- Department of Physiology, Amur State Medical Academy, Blagoveschensk 675000, Russia
| | - Ting-Li Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Sheng Bian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
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23
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Iarkov AV, Der TC, Joyce JN. Age-related differences in MK-801 induced behaviors in dopamine D3 receptor knock out mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 627:177-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Sharf R, Guarnieri DJ, Taylor JR, DiLeone RJ. Orexin mediates morphine place preference, but not morphine-induced hyperactivity or sensitization. Brain Res 2009; 1317:24-32. [PMID: 20034477 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Orexin (or hypocretin) has been implicated in mediating drug addiction and reward. Here, we investigated orexin's contribution to morphine-induced behavioral sensitization and place preference. Orexin-/- (OKO) mice and littermate wild-type (WT) controls (n=56) and C57BL/6J mice (n=67) were tested for chronic morphine-induced locomotor sensitization or for conditioned place preference (CPP) for a morphine- or a cocaine-paired environment. C57BL/6J mice received the orexin receptor 1 (Ox1r) antagonist, SB-334867, prior to test sessions. OKO mice did not significantly differ from WT controls in locomotor activity following acute- or chronic-morphine treatments. Similarly, mice treated with the Ox1r antagonist did not differ from vehicle controls in locomotor activity following acute- or chronic-morphine treatments. In contrast, while OKO mice did not differ from WT controls in preference for a morphine-paired environment, the Ox1r antagonist significantly attenuated place preference for a morphine-, but not a cocaine-paired, environment. These data suggest that orexin action is not required for locomotor responses to acute and chronic morphine, but Ox1r signaling can influence morphine-seeking in WT animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Sharf
- Department of Psychiatry, Ribicoff Research Facilities, Yale University School of Medicine, 34 Park St.-CMHC, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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25
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Cooperative opioid and serotonergic mechanisms generate superior antidepressant-like effects in a mice model of depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2009; 12:1033-44. [PMID: 19341511 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145709000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although complete remission of symptoms is the goal of any depression treatment, many patients fail to attain or maintain a long-term, symptom-free status. The opioid system has been implicated in the aetiology of depression, and some preclinical and clinical data suggest that opioids possess a genuine antidepressant-like effect. This study aimed to investigate a potential antidepressant strategy combining different classes of monoaminergic compounds with the weak mu-opioid agonist codeine in the tail suspension test in mice, a paradigm aimed at screening potential antidepressants. The results showed that codeine produced an antidepressant-like effect when administered alone, that was effectively antagonized by the opioid antagonist naloxone. The combination of subeffective doses of codeine with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine or citalopram) lead to an accentuated reduction in immobility time. In contrast, immobility time remained unchanged when codeine was combined with a noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (desipramine) or with a noradrenaline/serotonin reuptake inhibitor (duloxetine). The immobility time also remained unchanged with the combination of subeffective doses of codeine plus (+/-)-tramadol (weak mu-opioid agonist with serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor properties) or (-)-tramadol (noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor). Conversely, the combination with (+)-tramadol (mu-opioid agonist with serotonin reuptake inhibitor properties) produced a large decrease in the immobility time. All these combinations were without effects on motor behaviour in mice. These data support the hypothesis that a combination of classical serotonergic antidepressants and weak opioid receptor agonists may be a helpful new strategy in the treatment of refractory depression.
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26
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Lalonde R, Strazielle C. Exploratory activity and motor coordination in old versus middle-aged C57BL/6J mice. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2009; 49:39-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2008.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2007] [Revised: 04/21/2008] [Accepted: 04/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Durrant JR, Seals DR, Connell ML, Russell MJ, Lawson BR, Folian BJ, Donato AJ, Lesniewski LA. Voluntary wheel running restores endothelial function in conduit arteries of old mice: direct evidence for reduced oxidative stress, increased superoxide dismutase activity and down-regulation of NADPH oxidase. J Physiol 2009; 587:3271-85. [PMID: 19417091 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.169771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Habitual aerobic exercise is associated with enhanced endothelium-dependent dilatation (EDD) in older humans, possibly by increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. EDD was measured in young (6-8 months) and old (29-32 months) cage control and voluntary wheel running (VR) B6D2F1 mice. Age-related reductions in maximal carotid artery EDD to acetylcholine (74 vs. 96%, P < 0.01) and the nitric oxide (NO) component of EDD (maximum dilatation with ACh and l-NAME minus that with ACh alone was -28% vs. -55%, P < 0.01) were restored in old VR (EDD: 96%, NO: -46%). Nitrotyrosine, a marker of oxidative stress, was increased in aorta with age, but was markedly lower in old VR (P < 0.05). Aortic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was greater (P < 0.01), whereas NADPH oxidase protein expression (P < 0.01) and activity (P = 0.05) were lower in old VR vs. old cage control. Increasing SOD (with 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl) and inhibition of NADPH oxidase (with apocynin) improved EDD and its NO component in old cage control, but not old VR mice. VR increased endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein expression (P < 0.05) and activation (Ser1177 phosphorylation) (P < 0.05) in old mice. VR did not affect EDD in young mice. Our results show that voluntary aerobic exercise restores the age-associated loss of EDD by suppression of oxidative stress via stimulation of SOD antioxidant activity and inhibition of NADPH oxidase superoxide production. Increased eNOS protein and activation also may contribute to exercise-mediated preservation of NO bioavailability and EDD with ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Durrant
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 80309, USA
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28
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Serradj N, Jamon M. Age-related changes in the motricity of the inbred mice strains 129/sv and C57BL/6j. Behav Brain Res 2007; 177:80-9. [PMID: 17126421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Revised: 10/27/2006] [Accepted: 11/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of motor skills was studied at different stages in the life of the mouse, focusing on three key aspects of motor development: early rhythmic motor activities prior to the acquisition of quadruped locomotion, motor skills in young adults, and the effect of aging on motor skills. The age-related development pattern was analysed and compared in two strains of major importance for genomic studies (C57Bl6/j and 129/sv). Early rhythmic air-stepping activities by l-dopa injected mice showed similar overall development in both strains; differences were observed with greater beating frequency and less inter-limb coordination in 129/sv, suggesting that 129/sv had a different maturation process. Performance on the rotarod by young adult C57Bl6/j gradually improved between 1 and 3 months, but then declined with age; performance on the treadmill also declined with an age-related increase in fatigability. Overall performance by 129/sv mice was lower than C57Bl6/j, and the age-related pattern of change was different, with 129/sv having relatively stable performance over time. Inter-strain differences and their possible causes, in particular the role of dopaminergic pathways, are discussed together with repercussions affecting mutant phenotyping procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najet Serradj
- CNRS, GFCP/P3M, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
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29
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Sumien N, Sims MN, Taylor HJ, Forster MJ. Profiling psychomotor and cognitive aging in four-way cross mice. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2006; 28:265-82. [PMID: 22253494 PMCID: PMC3259154 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-006-9015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Revised: 08/31/2006] [Accepted: 08/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In part due to their genetic uniformity and stable characteristics, inbred rodents or their F1 progeny are frequently used to study brain aging. However, it is recognized that focus on a single genotype could lead to generalizations about brain aging that might not apply to the species as a whole, or to the human population. As a potential alternative to uniform genotypes, genetically heterogeneous (HET) mice, produced by a four-way cross, were tested in the current study to determine if they exhibit age-related declines in cognitive and psychomotor function similar to other rodent models of brain aging. Young (4 months) and older (23 months) CB6F1 × C3D2F1 mice were administered a variety of tests for cognitive, psychomotor, and sensory/reflexive capacities. Spontaneous locomotion, rearing, and ability to turn in an alley all decreased with age, as did behavioral measures sensitive to muscle strength, balance, and motor coordination. Although no effect of age was found for either startle response amplitude or reaction time to shock stimuli, the old mice reacted with less force to low intensity auditory stimuli. When tested on a spatial swim maze task, the old mice learned less efficiently, exhibited poorer retention after a 66-h delay, and demonstrated greater difficulty learning a new spatial location. In addition, the older mice were less able to learn the platform location when it was identified by a local visual cue. Because there was a significant correlation between spatial and cued discrimination performance in the old mice, it is possible that age-related spatial maze learning deficits could involve visual or motor impairments. Variation among individuals increased with age for most tests of psychomotor function, as well as for spatial swim performance, suggesting that four-way cross mice may be appropriate models of individualized brain aging. However, the analysis of spatial maze learning deficits in older CB6F1 × C3D2F1 mice may have limited applicability in the study of brain aging, because of a confounding with visually cued performance deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Sumien
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107 USA
| | - Micaela N. Sims
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107 USA
| | - Hilary J. Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107 USA
| | - Michael J. Forster
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107 USA
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Martin I, Grotewiel MS. Oxidative damage and age-related functional declines. Mech Ageing Dev 2006; 127:411-23. [PMID: 16527333 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2006.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Most organisms experience progressive declines in physiological function as they age. Since this senescence of function is thought to underlie the decrease in quality of life in addition to the increase in susceptibility to disease and death associated with aging, identifying the mechanisms involved would be highly beneficial. One of the leading mechanistic theories for aging is the oxidative damage hypothesis. A number of studies in a variety of species support a strong link between oxidative damage and life span determination. The role of oxidative damage in functional senescence has also been investigated, albeit not as comprehensively. Here, we review these investigations. Several studies show that the age-related loss of a number of functions is associated with an accrual of oxidative damage in the tissues mediating those functions. Additionally, treatments that increase the accumulation of oxidative damage with age frequently exacerbate functional losses. Moreover, treatments that reduce the accumulation of oxidative damage often attenuate or delay the loss of function associated with aging. These data provide the foundation for a link between oxidative damage and functional senescence, thereby supporting the oxidative damage hypothesis of aging within the context of age-related functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Martin
- Department of Human Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, 23298, USA
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31
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Jud C, Schmutz I, Hampp G, Oster H, Albrecht U. A guideline for analyzing circadian wheel-running behavior in rodents under different lighting conditions. Biol Proced Online 2005; 7:101-16. [PMID: 16136228 PMCID: PMC1190381 DOI: 10.1251/bpo109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2005] [Revised: 06/08/2005] [Accepted: 06/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Most behavioral experiments within circadian research are based on the analysis of locomotor activity. This paper introduces scientists to chronobiology by explaining the basic terminology used within the field. Furthermore, it aims to assist in designing, carrying out, and evaluating wheel-running experiments with rodents, particularly mice. Since light is an easily applicable stimulus that provokes strong effects on clock phase, the paper focuses on the application of different lighting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Jud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, University of Fribourg. 1700 Fribourg. Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Schmutz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, University of Fribourg. 1700 Fribourg. Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Hampp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, University of Fribourg. 1700 Fribourg. Switzerland
| | - Henrik Oster
- Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Endocrinology. 30625 Hannover. Germany
| | - Urs Albrecht
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, University of Fribourg. 1700 Fribourg. Switzerland
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32
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Sano R, Tessitore A, Ingrassia A, d'Azzo A. Chemokine-induced recruitment of genetically modified bone marrow cells into the CNS of GM1-gangliosidosis mice corrects neuronal pathology. Blood 2005; 106:2259-68. [PMID: 15941905 PMCID: PMC1895262 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-03-1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow cells (BMCs) could correct some pathologic conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) if these cells would effectively repopulate the brain. One such condition is G(M1)-gangliosidosis, a neurodegenerative glycosphingolipidosis due to deficiency of lysosomal beta-galactosidase (beta-gal). In this disease, abnormal build up of G(M1)-ganglioside in the endoplasmic reticulum of brain cells results in calcium imbalance, induction of an unfolded protein response (UPR), and neuronal apoptosis. These processes are accompanied by the activation/proliferation of microglia and the production of inflammatory cytokines. Here we demonstrate that local neuroinflammation promotes the selective activation of chemokines, such as stromal-cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1alpha), and MIP-1beta, which chemoattract genetically modified BMCs into the CNS. Mice that underwent bone marrow transplantation showed increased beta-gal activity in different brain regions and reduced lysosomal storage. Decreased production of chemokines and effectors of the UPR as well as restoration of neurologic functions accompanied this phenotypic reversion. Our results suggest that beta-gal-expressing bone marrow (BM)-derived cells selectively migrate to the CNS under a gradient of chemokines and become a source of correcting enzyme to deficient neurons. Thus, a disease condition such as G(M1)-gangliosidosis, which is characterized by neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, may influence the response of the CNS to ex vivo gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Sano
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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33
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Bearzatto B, Servais L, Cheron G, Schiffmann SN. Age dependence of strain determinant on mice motor coordination. Brain Res 2005; 1039:37-42. [PMID: 15781044 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2004] [Revised: 01/11/2005] [Accepted: 01/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of motor coordination and motor learning in mice remains a challenge as many factors may interact with the different tests used. Among these factors, genetic background has been reported to be a major determinant of mice performances in motor coordination tests. However, it is not known if the strain dependence of motor coordination and motor learning remains constant through life. In order to assess this point, we tested during 5 days male and female mice of three different strains (NMRI, C57BL/6J, and C57BL/6J x 129OlaHsd) in runway, rotarod, and thin rod tests at juvenile (first day of testing = postnatal day 19) and adult (3 months) age. We found a strong strain effect on motor performances and motor learning at juvenile age (C57BL/6J performing more poorly than the two other strains), whatever the tests used. Interestingly, the C57BL/6J mice were the best performing mice at the adult age. These strain rankings were observed either in male and female groups. These results demonstrate that the strain determinant on mice performances and motor learning is highly age dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Bearzatto
- Laboratory Neurophysiology CP601, Université Libre de Bruxelles, route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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34
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Abstract
Neural transplantation provides a powerful novel technique for investigating the neurobiological basis and potential strategies for repair of a variety of neurodegenerative conditions. The present review considers applications of this technique to dementia. After a general introduction (section 1), attempts to replace damaged neural systems by transplantation are considered in the context of distinct animal models of dementia. These include grafting into aged animals (section 2), into animals with neurotransmitter-selective lesions of subcortical nuclei, in particular involving basal forebrain cholinergic systems (section 3), and into animals with non-specific lesions of neocortical and hippocampal systems (section 4). The next section considers the alternative use of grafts as a source of growth/trophic factors to inhibit degeneration and promote regeneration in the aged brain (section 5). Finally, a number of recent studies have employed transplanted tissues to model and study the neurodegenerative processes associated with ageing and Alzheimer's disease taking place within the transplant itself (section 6). It is concluded (section 7) that although neural transplantation does not offer any immediate prospect of therapeutic repair in clinical dementia, the technique does offer a powerful neurobiological tool for studying the neuropathological processes involved in both spontaneous degeneration and specific diseases of ageing. New understandings derived from neural transplantation may be expected to lead to rational development of novel strategies to inhibit the neurodegenerative process and to promote regeneration in the aged brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. B. Dunnett
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
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35
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Carter CS, Sonntag WE, Onder G, Pahor M. Physical performance and longevity in aged rats. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2002; 57:B193-7. [PMID: 11983716 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/57.5.b193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, physical performance declines with increasing age, and in nondisabled older persons, scores on standardized performance measures, such as walking speed, repeated chair stands, and a balance test, predict the incidence of disability and reduced longevity. Here we show in aged rats (24-month-old Brown Norway x Fischer 344 male rats; n = 48) that conceptually similar performance measures, such as swimming speed and an inclined plane procedure, can be assessed longitudinally, and that over 6 months of follow-up from the age of 24 to 30 months, performance declines progressively with increasing age. High baseline performance scores predict long-term longevity, a relationship that is also found in humans. The application of standardized physical performance measures to a variety of animal models of aging may help to define similarities between species in the underlying mechanisms of the age-related decline in performance, disability, and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy S Carter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
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36
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Carter TA, Del Rio JA, Greenhall JA, Latronica ML, Lockhart DJ, Barlow C. Chipping away at complex behavior: transcriptome/phenotype correlations in the mouse brain. Physiol Behav 2001; 73:849-57. [PMID: 11566218 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00522-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Highly parallel gene expression profiling has the potential to provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of complex brain diseases and behavioral traits. We review how gene expression profiling in various brain regions of inbred mouse strains has been used to identify genes that may contribute to strain-specific phenotypes. New data, which demonstrate the use of gene expression profiling in combination with behavioral testing to identify candidate genes involved in mediating variation in running wheel activity, are also presented. These and other studies suggest that a combination of gene expression profiling and more traditional genetic approaches, such as quantitative trait locus analysis, can be used to identify genes responsible for specific neurobehavioral phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Carter
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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37
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Abstract
Motor learning abilities on the rotorod and motor skills (muscular strength, motor coordination, static and dynamic equilibrium) were investigated in three-, nine-, 15- and 21-month-old Lurcher and control mice. Animals were subjected to motor training on the rotorod before being subjected to motor skills tests. The results showed that control mice exhibited decrease of muscular strength and specific equilibrium impairments in static conditions with age, but were still able to learn the motor task on the rotorod even in old age. These results suggest that, in control mice, efficiency of the reactive mechanisms, which are sustained by the lower transcerebellar loop (cerebello-rubro-olivo-cerebellar loop), decreased with age, while the efficiency of the proactive adjustments, which are sustained by the upper transcerebellar loop (cerebello-thalamo-cortico-ponto-cerebellar loop), did not. In spite of their motor deficits, Lurcher mutants were able to learn the motor task at three months, but exhibited severe motor learning deficits as soon as nine months. Such a deficit seems to be associated with dynamic equilibrium impairments, which also appeared at nine months in these mutants. By two months of age, degeneration of the cerebellar cortex and the olivocerebellar pathway in Lurcher mice has disrupted both lower and upper transcerebellar loops. Disruption of the lower loop could well explain precocious static equilibrium deficits. However, in spite of disruption of the upper loop, motor learning and dynamic equilibrium were preserved in young mutant mice, suggesting that either deep cerebellar nuclei and/or other motor structures involved in proactive mechanisms needed to maintain dynamic equilibrium and to learn motor tasks, such as the striatopallidal system, are sufficient. The fact that, in Lurcher mutant mice, motor learning decreased by the age of nine months suggests that the above-mentioned structures are less efficient, likely due to degeneration resulting from precocious and focused neurodegeneration of the cerebellar cortex. From this behavioral approach of motor skills and motor learning during aging in Lurcher mutant mice, we postulated the differential involvement of two transcerebellar systems in equilibrium maintenance and motor learning. Moreover, in these mutants, we showed that motor learning abilities decreased with age, suggesting that the precocious degeneration of the cerebellar Purkinje cells had long-term effects on motor structures which are not primarily affected. Thus, from these results, Lurcher mutant mice therefore appear to be a good model to study the pathological evolution of progressive neurodegeneration in the central nervous system during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hilber
- UPRES PSY.CO EA 1780, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de l'Apprentissage, Université de Rouen, Faculté des Sciences, 76821 Cedex, Mont Saint Aignan, France.
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38
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Joyal CC, Beaudin S, Lalonde R. Longitudinal age-related changes in motor activities and spatial orientation in CD-1 mice. Arch Physiol Biochem 2000; 108:248-56. [PMID: 11094377 DOI: 10.1076/1381345520000710831zft248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Female CD-1 mice were evaluated on three occasions over a nineteen month span in tests of exploration, motor coordination, and spatial orientation in a water maze. Aging decreased motor activity and exploration of specific environmental stimuli found in a hole-board and in a T-maze. Age-related deficits were also found in three motor coordination tasks (inclined grid, coat-hanger, and round bridge) and during retention but not acquisition of the hidden platform version of the water maze task. Performance on some motor coordination tests was linearly correlated with either motor activity or exploration, implying the existence of similar neurobiological pathways responsible for these age-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Joyal
- Université de Montréal, Dépt. Psychologie, Québec, Canada
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39
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Frick KM, Burlingame LA, Arters JA, Berger-Sweeney J. Reference memory, anxiety and estrous cyclicity in C57BL/6NIA mice are affected by age and sex. Neuroscience 2000; 95:293-307. [PMID: 10619486 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00418-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Age-related changes in learning and memory are common in rodents. However, direct comparisons of the effects of aging on learning and memory in both males and females are lacking. The present study examined whether memory deteriorates with increasing age in C57BL/6NIA mice, and whether age-related changes in learning and memory are similar in both sexes. Male and female mice (five, 17 and 25 months of age) were tested in a battery of behavioral tasks including the Morris water maze (spatial and non-spatial reference memory), simple odor discrimination (olfactory reference memory), plus maze (anxiety/exploration), locomotor activity, and basic reflexes. Five-month-old mice learned the water maze and odor discrimination tasks rapidly. Relative to five-month-old mice, 25-month-old mice exhibited impaired spatial and olfactory reference memory, but intact non-spatial reference memory. The spatial reference memory of 17-month-old mice was also impaired, but less so than 25-month mice. Seventeen-month-old mice exhibited intact non-spatial (visual and olfactory) reference memory. Five and 25-month-old mice had similar levels of plus maze exploration and locomotor activity, whereas 17-month-old mice were more active than both groups and were slightly less exploratory than five-month-old mice. Although sex differences were not observed in the five- and 25-month groups, 17-month-old females exhibited more impaired spatial reference memory and increased anxiety relative to 17-month-old males. Estrous cycling in females deteriorated significantly with increased age; all 25-month-old females had ceased cycling and 80% of 17-month-old females displayed either irregular or absent estrous cycling. This study is the first to directly compare age-related mnemonic decline in male and female mice. The results suggest that: (i) aged mice exhibit significant deficits in spatial and olfactory reference memory relative to young mice, whereas middle-aged mice exhibit only a moderate spatial memory deficit and; (ii) spatial reference memory decline begins at an earlier age in females than in males, a finding that may be related to the cessation of estrous cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Frick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Massachusetts, USA
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40
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Shukitt-Hale B, Smith DE, Meydani M, Joseph JA. The effects of dietary antioxidants on psychomotor performance in aged mice. Exp Gerontol 1999; 34:797-808. [PMID: 10579639 DOI: 10.1016/s0531-5565(99)00039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Male C57BL/6NIA mice were provided one of six different antioxidant diets: vitamin E, glutathione, vitamin E plus glutathione, melatonin, strawberry extract, or control, beginning at 18 months of age. A battery of motor tests--rod walk, wire hang, plank walk, and inclined screen-was administered either: 1) before dietary treatment and then 6 months later at 24 months of age: or 2) only after 6 months of dietary treatment at age 24 months. An untreated group of 4-month-old mice served as young controls. Psychomotor performance was lower in 18-month-old mice compared with 4-month-old mice in the rod walk, wire hang, and inclined screen tests; however, no further decline was seen from 18 to 24 months on any measure. Chronic dietary antioxidant treatments were not effective in reversing age-related deficits in psychomotor behavior, except for the glutathione diet on inclined screen performance. It seems that motor performance deteriorates profoundly with age, because deficits at 18 months of age were as severe as they were at 24 months, and these age-associated motor deficits may be difficult to reverse, even with antioxidant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shukitt-Hale
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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41
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Mohajeri MH, Figlewicz DA, Bohn MC. Intramuscular grafts of myoblasts genetically modified to secrete glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor prevent motoneuron loss and disease progression in a mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Hum Gene Ther 1999; 10:1853-66. [PMID: 10446925 DOI: 10.1089/10430349950017536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of ex vivo GDNF gene delivery on the degeneration of motoneurons were studied in the G1H transgenic mouse model of familial ALS carrying a human superoxide dismutase (SOD1) with a Gly93Ala mutation (Gurney et al., 1994). Retroviral vectors were made to produce human GDNF or E. coli beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) by transient transfection of the Phoenix cell line and used to infect primary mouse myoblasts. In 6-week-old G1H mice, 50,000 myoblasts per muscle were injected bilaterally into two hindlimb muscles. Untreated G1H and wild-type mice served as additional controls. At 17 weeks of age, 1 week before sacrifice, these muscles were injected with fluorogold (FG) to retrogradely label spinal motoneurons that maintained axonal projections to the muscles. There were significantly more large FG-labeled alpha motoneurons at 18 weeks in GDNF-treated G1H mice than in untreated and beta-Gal-treated G1H mice. A morphometric study of motoneuron size distribution showed that GDNF shifted the size distribution of motoneurons toward larger cells compared with control G1H mice, although the average size and number of large motoneurons in GDNF-treated mice were less than that in wild-type mice. GDNF also prolonged the onset of disease, delayed the deterioration of performance in tests of motor behavior, and slowed muscle atrophy. Quantitative, real-time RT-PCR and PCR showed persistence of transgene mRNA and DNA in muscle for up to 12 weeks postgrafting. These observations demonstrate that ex vivo GDNF gene therapy in a mouse model of FALS promotes the survival of functional motoneurons, suggesting that a similar approach might delay the progression of neurodegeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Mohajeri
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Institute for Education and Research, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
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42
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Ingram DK, Jucker M. Developing mouse models of aging: a consideration of strain differences in age-related behavioral and neural parameters. Neurobiol Aging 1999; 20:137-45. [PMID: 10537023 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(99)00033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Increased interest is emerging for using mouse models to assess the genetics of brain aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Despite this demand, relatively little information is available on aging in behavioral or neuromorphological parameters in various mouse strains that are being used to create transgenic and null mutant mice. We review several issues regarding selection of appropriate strains as follows: (1) Does the behavioral parameter exhibit a significant age by strain interaction? (2) Do the strains differ in lifespan? (3) Are there potential intervening variables, such as strain-specific performance strategies or disease, in the behavioral task being investigated that would confound the desired conclusions? (4) Does the behavioral difference have an underlying neural correlate? In this context we present a conceptual model pertaining to the selection of mouse strains and behavioral parameters for genetic analyses. We also review the importance of applying stereological techniques for determining age-related structural changes in the mouse brain as well as the potential value of a database that would catalog this information. Thus, our intention is to underscore the growing importance of mouse models of brain aging and the concomitant need for additional information about mouse aging in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Ingram
- Molecular Physiology and Genetics Section, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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43
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Shukitt-Hale B, Mouzakis G, Joseph JA. Psychomotor and spatial memory performance in aging male Fischer 344 rats. Exp Gerontol 1998; 33:615-24. [PMID: 9789738 DOI: 10.1016/s0531-5565(98)00024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Psychomotor and spatial memory performance were examined in male Fischer 344 rats that were 6, 12, 15, 18, and 22 months of age, to assess these parameters as a function of age and to determine at what age these behaviors begin to deteriorate. Complex motor behaviors, as measured by rod walk, wire suspension, plank walk, inclined screen, and accelerating rotarod performance, declined steadily with age, with most measures being adversely affected as early as 12 to 15 months of age. Spatial learning and memory performance, as measured by the working memory version of the Morris water maze (MWM), showed decrements at 18 and 22 months of age (higher latencies on the working memory trial), with some change noticeable as early as 12-15 months of age (no improvement on the second trial following a 10-min retention interval); these differences were not due to swim speed. Therefore, complex motor and spatial memory behaviors show noticeable declines early in the lifespan of the male Fisher 344 rat. This cross-sectional age analysis study using the latest behavioral techniques determines the minimal age at which psychomotor and spatial learning and memory behaviors deteriorate; this information is important when planning for longitudinal studies where interventions are tested for their efficacy in preventing or restoring age-related behavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shukitt-Hale
- USDA-ARS, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
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44
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Markowski VP, Cox C, Weiss B. Prenatal cocaine exposure produces gender-specific motor effects in aged rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1998; 20:43-53. [PMID: 9511168 DOI: 10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This investigation employed a longitudinal analysis of a complex motor skill in rats that were exposed prenatally to cocaine. Offspring were derived from four maternal treatment groups: 50 mg/kg cocaine, their pair-fed controls, 25 mg/kg cocaine, and freely fed controls. Cocaine was administered via gavage from gestation day 6-20. A maternal fostering procedure was used. Pairs of male and female littermates began training when 9, 13, or 19 months old. The behavioral procedure involved fixed-ratio (FR) lever pressing to obtain brief periods of wheel running. The oldest males from the 50 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and pair-fed groups performed significantly fewer wheel revolutions per opportunity than females or freely fed males. In general, animals earned fewer opportunities to run as the FR requirement was increased over sessions. However, within each age-by-gender group, subjects from the four treatment groups performed equivalent amounts of lever pressing. The specific effect on the motor aspect of the procedure may have resulted from a reduction of motor coordination, balance, or strength, or a diminished capacity of wheel running to serve as a reinforcing stimulus in a cocaine-sensitive subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Markowski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, NY 14642, USA.
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45
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Magnusson KR. Influence of dietary restriction on ionotropic glutamate receptors during aging in C57B1 mice. Mech Ageing Dev 1997; 95:187-202. [PMID: 9179830 DOI: 10.1016/s0047-6374(97)01884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine whether the memory sparing effects of dietary restriction during aging could be through an effect on ionotropic glutamate receptors. Quantitative autoradiography was performed on 3, 10, and 26 month old mice to examine the density changes of NMDA, AMPA and kainate binding sites in aging animals. Spatial memory performance was also tested in these mice with the use of the Morris water maze. The 10 and 26 month olds were either ad libitum-fed or diet-restricted (60% of ad libitum-fed calories). Ad libitum-fed, 26 month old mice had significant decreases in NMDA-displaceable [3H]glutamate in all ten cortical, two out of seven hippocampal, and two out of four subcortical regions, as compared to 3 month olds. Diet-restricted, 26 month old mice only differed significantly from young in three cortical and two subcortical regions. The aged ad libitum-fed mice exhibited significantly poorer performance in the spatial memory task than all other groups. The diet-restricted 26 month olds only performed significantly worse than 3 month olds and diet-restricted 10 month olds. These results suggest that some of the memory sparing effects of dietary restriction on aged animals may be due to an influence on NMDA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Magnusson
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA
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46
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McArthur RA, Carfagna N, Banfi L, Cavanus S, Cervini MA, Fariello R, Post C. Effects of nicergoline on age-related decrements in radial maze performance and acetylcholine levels. Brain Res Bull 1997; 43:305-11. [PMID: 9227841 DOI: 10.1016/s0361-9230(97)00010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of chronic oral administration of nicergoline (5.0 mg/kg; bid) on locomotor activity, eight-arm radial maze performance plus striatal, cortical, and hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) levels were examined in young and aged Wistar rats. Chronic nicergoline administration did not modify either the locomotor activity or radial maze learning in young rats. Young rats learned the radial maze procedure rapidly and improved their performance throughout the successive training sessions. Radial maze performance in young rats was characterised by very few arm reentries. Aged rats were hypoactive and did not explore or enter the radial maze arms, and consequently performed poorly in the radial maze throughout the training sessions. Nicergoline treatment did not significantly modify locomotor activity in aged rats. Aged rats treated with nicergoline also performed poorly initially but improved with repeated training in the radial maze. This improvement was associated with an increasing number of arms being entered and very few arm reentries. Reduced acetylcholine (ACh) levels were also associated with age. Aged rats had significantly reduced levels of ACh in the straitum and cortex, but not the hippocampus as compared to young rats. Nicergoline treatment did not change ACh levels in young rats, but substantially restored the reduced ACh levels in aged rats. These results indicate that nicergoline is an effective cognitive enhancer in a learning model of age-related deficits and that these results may be related to changes in the cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A McArthur
- CNS Preclinical Research, Milan Pharmacia & Upjohn, Nerviano, (MI), Italy
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47
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Bellush LL, Wright AM, Walker JP, Kopchick J, Colvin RA. Caloric restriction and spatial learning in old mice. Physiol Behav 1996; 60:541-7. [PMID: 8840916 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9384(96)80029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Spatial learning in old mice (19 or 24 months old), some of which had been calorically restricted beginning at 14 weeks of age, was compared to that of young mice, in two separate experiments using a Morris water maze. In the first experiment, only old mice reaching criterion performance on a cued learning task were tested in a subsequent spatial task. Thus, all old mice tested for spatial learning had achieved escape latencies equivalent to those of young controls. Despite equivalent swimming speeds, only about half the old mice in each diet group achieved criterion performance in the spatial task. In the second experiment, old and young mice all received the same number of training trials in a cued task and then in a spatial task. Immediately following spatial training, they were given a 60-s probe trial, with no platform in the pool. Both groups of old mice spent significantly less time in the quadrant where the platform had been and made significantly fewer direct crosses over the previous platform location than did the young control group. As in Experiment 1, calorie restriction failed to provide protection against aging-related deficits. However, in both experiments, some individual old mice evidenced performance in spatial learning indistinguishable from that of young controls. Separate comparisons of "age-impaired" and "age-unimpaired" old mice with young controls may facilitate the identification of neurobiological mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Bellush
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens 45701, USA
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48
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Hitzemann R, Qian Y, Kanes S, Dains K, Hitzemann B. Genetics and the organization of the basal ganglia. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1995; 38:43-94. [PMID: 8537205 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Hitzemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Pharmacology and Neurobiology and Behavior, SUNY at Stony Brook 11794, USA
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49
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Jänicke B, Coper H. The effects of prenatal exposure to hypoxia on the behavior of rats during their life span. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1994; 48:863-73. [PMID: 7972289 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of moderate prenatal damage on adaptability during the juvenile, adult, and senile phases. Pregnant rats were exposed to a 12% normobaric hypoxia from day 1 to 17 postconception. Pregnancy was normal in both the treated animals and the controls. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit did not increase in the treated pregnant animals. During the first 3 weeks, the F1 generation showed developmental deviations in physiological characteristics. Throughout subsequent ontogeny, motor performance, cognitive ability, and adaptability to physical stress were determined with a test battery of varying demands. Some of the differences (e.g., locomotor activity, learning ability) between juvenile untreated and treated rats disappeared during the adult phase. Motor and coordinative abilities, however, remained partially impaired in the old rats, especially under high demands. This study, and previous findings with alcohol (37), indicate that prenatal exposure to a noxa may result in a highly differentiated brain injury pattern. Depending on the different functions, damage may intensify age-dependent adaptive disorders or provoke impairment without influencing the course of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jänicke
- Free University of Berlin, Institute for Neuropsychopharmacology, Germany
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50
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Spangler EL, Waggie KS, Hengemihle J, Roberts D, Hess B, Ingram DK. Behavioral assessment of aging in male Fischer 344 and brown Norway rat strains and their F1 hybrid. Neurobiol Aging 1994; 15:319-28. [PMID: 7936056 DOI: 10.1016/0197-4580(94)90027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Male Fischer-344 (F344) and Brown Norway (BN) rats 7-, 13-, and 24-month-old and their F344 x BN hybrid (F1) 7-, 13-, 24- and 31-month-old were tested in a behavioral battery (15-min and 24-h locomotor activity, inclined screen, rod suspension, rotorod, shock-motivated learning in a straight runway and 14-unit T maze). Necropsy was performed 3 days later and the results rated for pathology (i.e., severity of lesions observed). Age-related performance declines were observed in all behavioral tests except 15-min locomotor activity. Strain effects were observed in 15-min (BN more active than F344 and F1) and 24-h locomotor activity test (F344 more active than BN and F1 strains); rotorod performance (F344 fell more than BN and F1); and in all measures [errors (E), runtime (RT)], shock frequency (SF), and duration (SD)] in the 14-unit T maze (F344 worse than BN, BN worse than F1). T maze performance of 31-month-old F1 rats was deficient in RT, SD, and SF but E performance was equivalent to that of 7-month-old F1 rats. In a second experiment, only 7- and 31-month-old F1 rats were tested in the 14-unit T maze and the results obtained in Experiment 1 were replicated. Gross necropsy revealed age and strain effects in the number of lesions observed and the mean ratings of pathology. The 24-month-old F344 rats exhibited the greatest number of lesions and had the highest ratings (generally observed as chronic nephrosis and enlarged spleens characteristic of mononuclear cell leukemia). BN rats exhibited a high incidence of hydronephrosis at all age levels. While experiencing less obvious pathology, F1 rats experienced a significant number of lesions in the 31-month-old group. Pathology ratings correlated with behavioral performance but only for a few tests (e.g., SD and RT in 14 unit T maze in 24-month-old F344). Thus, behavioral performance declined with age and the battery of tests differentiated between the strains tested (in general, F344 worse than BN; BN worse than F1). The correlation of pathology ratings at gross necropsy with behavior did not appear to be systematic, suggesting that morbidity was not responsible for the age-related performance declines. However, more extensive evaluation of the relationship of age-related changes in health status to behavior with larger samples of rats is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Spangler
- Molecular Physiology and Genetics Section, Nathan W. Shock Laboratories, National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
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