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Tsai YC, Huang SM, Peng HH, Lin SW, Lin SR, Chin TY, Huang SM. Imbalance of synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors induced by the deletion of CRMP1 accelerates age-related cognitive decline in mice. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 135:48-59. [PMID: 38176125 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Collapsin response mediator protein 1 (CRMP1) is involved in semaphorin 3A signaling pathway, promoting neurite extension and growth cone collapse. It is highly expressed in the nervous system, especially the hippocampus. The crmp1 knockout (KO) mice display impaired spatial learning and memory, and this phenomenon seemingly tends to deteriorate with age. Here we investigated whether CRMP1 is involved in age-related cognitive decline in WT and crmp1 KO mice at adult, middle-aged and older stages. The results revealed that cognitive dysfunction in the Morris water maze task became more severe and decreased glutamate and glutamine level in middle-aged crmp1 KO mice. Additionally, increasing levels of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors and phosphorylation of Tau were observed in middle-aged crmp1 KO mice, leading to synaptic and neuronal loss in the CA3 regions of hippocampus. These findings suggest that deletion of CRMP1 accelerates age-related cognitive decline by disrupting the balance between synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors, resulting in the loss of synapses and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chieh Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Min Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Hsia Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wha Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Rung Lin
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Yu Chin
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Priori EC, Ratto D, De Luca F, Sandionigi A, Savino E, Giammello F, Romeo M, Brandalise F, Roda E, Rossi P. Hericium erinaceus Extract Exerts Beneficial Effects on Gut-Neuroinflammaging-Cognitive Axis in Elderly Mice. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:18. [PMID: 38248449 PMCID: PMC10813749 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is a biological phenomenon that determines the impairment of cognitive performances, in particular, affecting memory. Inflammation and cellular senescence are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline. The gut microbiota-brain axis could exert a critical role in influencing brain homeostasis during ageing, modulating neuroinflammation, and possibly leading to inflammaging. Due to their anti-ageing properties, medicinal mushrooms can be utilised as a resource for developing pharmaceuticals and functional foods. Specifically, Hericium erinaceus (He), thanks to its bioactive metabolites, exerts numerous healthy beneficial effects, such as reinforcing the immune system, counteracting ageing, and improving cognitive performance. Our previous works demonstrated the capabilities of two months of He1 standardised extract oral supplementation in preventing cognitive decline in elderly frail mice. Herein, we showed that this treatment did not change the overall gut microbiome composition but significantly modified the relative abundance of genera specifically involved in cognition and inflammation. Parallelly, a significant decrease in crucial markers of inflammation and cellular senescence, i.e., CD45, GFAP, IL6, p62, and γH2AX, was demonstrated in the dentate gyrus and Cornus Ammonis hippocampal areas through immunohistochemical experiments. In summary, we suggested beneficial and anti-inflammatory properties of He1 in mouse hippocampus through the gut microbiome-brain axis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Cecilia Priori
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Daniela Ratto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Fabrizio De Luca
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Anna Sandionigi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy;
- Quantia Consulting S.r.l., Via Petrarca 20, 22066 Mariano Comense, Italy
| | - Elena Savino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Francesca Giammello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcello Romeo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | | | - Elisa Roda
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
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Jung HY, Kwon HJ, Hahn KR, Kim W, Yoo DY, Yoon YS, Kim DW, Hwang IK. Tat-heat shock protein 10 ameliorates age-related phenotypes by facilitating neuronal plasticity and reducing age-related genes in the hippocampus. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12723-12737. [PMID: 38011257 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of heat shock protein 10 (HSP10) protein on memory function, hippocampal neurogenesis, and other related genes/proteins in adult and aged mice. To translocate the HSP10 protein into the hippocampus, the Tat-HSP10 fusion protein was synthesized, and Tat-HSP10, not HSP10, was successfully delivered into the hippocampus based on immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Tat-HSP10 (0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg) or HSP10 (control protein, 2.0 mg/kg) was administered daily to 3- and 21-month-old mice for 3 months, and observed the senescence maker P16 was significantly increased in aged mice and the treatment with Tat-HSP10 significantly decreased P16 expression in the hippocampus of aged mice. In novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests, aged mice demonstrated decreases in exploratory preferences, exploration time, distance moved, number of object contacts, and escape latency compared to adult mice. Treatment with Tat-HSP10 significantly improved exploratory preferences, the number of object contacts, and the time spent swimming in the target quadrant in aged mice but not adults. Administration of Tat-HSP10 increased the number of proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus of adult and aged mice compared to controls, as determined by immunohistochemical staining for Ki67 and doublecortin, respectively. Additionally, Tat-HSP10 treatment significantly mitigated the reduction in sirtuin 1 mRNA level, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1, and postsynaptic density 95 protein levels in the hippocampus of aged mice. In contrast, Tat-HSP10 treatment significantly increased sirtuin 3 protein levels in both adult and aged mouse hippocampus. These suggest that Tat-HSP10 can potentially reduce hippocampus-related aging phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Kyu Ri Hahn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Woosuk Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Veterinary Science Research Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, South Korea
| | - Dae Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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Klinger K, del Ángel M, Çalışkan G, Stork O. Increasing NPYergic transmission in the hippocampus rescues aging-related deficits of long-term potentiation in the mouse dentate gyrus. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1283581. [PMID: 38020778 PMCID: PMC10673643 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1283581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-expressing interneurons in the hippocampus and decaying cholinergic neuromodulation are thought to contribute to impaired cognitive function during aging. However, the interaction of these two neuromodulatory systems in maintaining hippocampal synaptic plasticity during healthy aging has not been explored so far. Here we report profound sex differences in the Neuropeptide-Y (NPY) levels in the dorsal dentate gyrus (DG) with higher NPY concentrations in the male mice compared to their female counterparts and a reduction of NPY levels during aging specifically in males. This change in aged males is accompanied by a deficit in theta burst-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) in the medial perforant path-to-dorsal DG (MPP-DG) synapse, which can be rescued by enhancing cholinergic activation with the acetylcholine esterase blocker, physostigmine. Importantly, NPYergic transmission is required for this rescue of LTP. Moreover, exogenous NPY application alone is sufficient to recover LTP induction in aged male mice, even in the absence of the cholinergic stimulator. Together, our results suggest that in male mice NPYergic neurotransmission is a critical factor for maintaining dorsal DG LTP during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Klinger
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Synapto-Oscillopathies”, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Miguel del Ángel
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gürsel Çalışkan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group “Synapto-Oscillopathies”, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Stork
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Magdeburg, Germany
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Kopsch NT, Geissmann T. A cooperation experiment with white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar). Primates 2023; 64:483-492. [PMID: 37222867 PMCID: PMC10473987 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-023-01068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cooperative behaviors among individuals of numerous species play a crucial role in social interactions. There is a special interest in investigating the occurrence of cooperation among apes because this knowledge could also shed light on evolutionary processes and help us understand the origin and development of cooperation in humans and primates in general. Gibbons are phylogenetically intermediate between the great apes and monkeys, and therefore represent a unique opportunity for comparisons. The aim of the present study was to discover whether or not white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar) show cooperative behaviors. In order to test for the respective behaviors, the gibbons were presented with a commonly used experimental cooperative rope-pulling task. The gibbons in this study did not exhibit cooperative behaviors during the problem-solving task. However, prior training procedures could not be fully completed, hence this project constitutes only the onset of exploring cooperative behaviors in gibbons. Additional behavioral observations revealed that the gibbons spent significantly more time "out of arm's reach to everyone", suggesting that they are less often involved in social interactions, than other, more cooperative primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora T Kopsch
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
- Department of Philosophy, Cognitive Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Thomas Geissmann
- Anthropological Department, University Zurich-Irchel, Zurich, Switzerland
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Xiong M, Roshanbin S, Sehlin D, Hansen HD, Knudsen GM, Rokka J, Eriksson J, Syvänen S. Synaptic density in aging mice measured by [ 18F]SynVesT-1 PET. Neuroimage 2023:120230. [PMID: 37355199 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic alterations in certain brain structures are related to cognitive decline in neurodegeneration and in aging. Synaptic loss in many neurodegenerative diseases can be visualized by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A). However, the use of SV2A PET for studying synaptic changes during aging is not particularly explored. Thus, in the present study, PET ligand [18F]SynVesT-1, which binds to SV2A, was used to investigate synaptic density at different ages in healthy mice. Wild type C57BL/6 mice divided into three age groups (4-5 months (n = 7), 12-14 months (n = 11), 17-19 months (n = 7)) were PET scanned with [18F]SynVesT-1. Brain retention of [18F]SynVesT-1 expressed as the volume of distribution (VIDIF) was calculated using an image-derived input function. Estimates of VIDIF were derived using either a one-tissue compartment model (1TCM), a two-tissue compartment model (2TCM), or the Logan plot with blood input to find the best-fit model for [18F]SynVesT-1. After the PET scans, tissue sections were immunostained for the detection of SV2A and neuronal markers. We found that [18F]SynVesT-1 data acquired 60 min post intravenously injection and analyzed with 1TCM described the brain pharmacokinetics of the radioligand in mice well. [18F]SynVesT-1 brain retention was lower in the oldest group of mice, indicating a decrease in synaptic density in this age group. However, no gradual age-dependent decrease in synaptic density at a region-specific level was observed. Immunostaining indicated that SV2A expression and neuron numbers were similar across all three age groups. In general, these data obtained in healthy aging mice are consistent with previous findings in humans where synaptic density appeared stable during aging up to a certain age, after which a small decrease is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Xiong
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sahar Roshanbin
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dag Sehlin
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hanne D Hansen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johanna Rokka
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Eriksson
- PET Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stina Syvänen
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Moderate-Intensity Intermittent Training Alters the DNA Methylation Pattern of PDE4D Gene in Hippocampus to Improve the Ability of Spatial Learning and Memory in Aging Rats Reduced by D-Galactose. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030422. [PMID: 36979232 PMCID: PMC10046546 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Aging is the main risk factor for most neurodegenerative diseases, and the inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4) is considered a potential target for the treatment of neurological diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of moderate-intensity intermittent training (MIIT) on PDE4 in the hippocampus of rats with D-galactose (D-gal)-induced cognitive impairment, and the possible mechanism of improving spatial learning and memory. (2) Methods: the aging rats were treated with D-Gal (150 mg/kg/day, for 6 weeks). The aging rats were treated with MIIT for exercise intervention (45 min/day, 5 days/week, for 8 weeks). The Morris water maze test was performed before and after MIIT to evaluate the spatial learning and memory ability, then to observe the synaptic ultrastructure of the hippocampus CA1 region, to detect the expression of synaptic-related protein synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and to detect the expression of PDE4 subtypes, cAMP, and its signal pathway protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and the PDE4 methylation level. (3) Results: we found that MIIT for 8 weeks alleviated the decline in spatial learning and memory ability, and improved the synaptic structure of the hippocampus and the expression of synaptic protein SYP and PSD95 in D-Gal aging rats. To elucidate the mechanism of MIIT, we analyzed the expression of PDE4 isoforms PDE4A/PDE4B/PDE4D, cAMP, and the signaling pathway PKA/CREB/BDNF, which play an important role in memory consolidation and maintenance. The results showed that 8 weeks of MIIT significantly up-regulated cAMP, PKA, p-CREB, and BDNF protein expression, and down-regulated PDE4D mRNA and protein expression. Methylation analysis of the PDE4D gene showed that several CG sites in the promoter and exon1 regions were significantly up-regulated. (4) Conclusions: MIIT can improve the synaptic structure of the hippocampus CA1 area and improve the spatial learning and memory ability of aging rats, which may be related to the specific regulation of the PDE4D gene methylation level and inhibition of PDE4D expression.
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Proteomic Signature and mRNA Expression in Hippocampus of SAMP8 and SAMR1 Mice during Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315097. [PMID: 36499421 PMCID: PMC9740614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process often accompanied by cognitive decline that represents a risk factor for many neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The molecular mechanisms involved in age-related cognitive decline are not yet fully understood, although increased neuroinflammation is considered to play a significant role. In this study, we characterized a proteomic view of the hippocampus of the senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8), a model of enhanced senescence, in comparison with the senescence-accelerated-resistant mouse (SAMR1), a model of normal aging. We additionally investigated inflammatory cytokines and cholinergic components gene expression during aging in the mouse brain tissues. Proteomic data defined the expression of key proteins involved in metabolic and cellular processes in neuronal and glial cells of the hippocampus. Gene Ontology revealed that most of the differentially expressed proteins are involved in the cytoskeleton and cell motility regulation. Molecular analysis results showed that both inflammatory cytokines and cholinergic components are differentially expressed during aging, with a downward trend of cholinergic receptors and esterase enzymes expression, in contrast to an upward trend of inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of SAMP8. Together, our results support the important role of the cholinergic and cytokine systems in the aging of the murine brain.
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Ni MZ, Zhang YM, Li Y, Wu QT, Zhang ZZ, Chen J, Luo BL, Li XW, Chen GH. Environmental enrichment improves declined cognition induced by prenatal inflammatory exposure in aged CD-1 mice: Role of NGPF2 and PSD-95. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1021237. [PMID: 36479357 PMCID: PMC9720164 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1021237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research suggests that prenatal inflammatory exposure could accelerate age-related cognitive decline that may be resulted from neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction during aging. Environmental enrichment (EE) may mitigate the cognitive and synaptic deficits. Neurite growth-promoting factor 2 (NGPF2) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) play critical roles in neuroinflammation and synaptic function, respectively. METHODS We examined whether this adversity and EE exposure can cause alterations in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression. In this study, CD-1 mice received intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (50 μg/kg) or normal saline from gestational days 15-17. After weaning, half of the male offspring under each treatment were exposed to EE. The Morris water maze was used to assess spatial learning and memory at 3 and 15 months of age, whereas quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to measure hippocampal mRNA and protein levels of NGPF2 and PSD-95, respectively. Meanwhile, serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The results showed that aged mice exhibited poor spatial learning and memory ability, elevated NGPF2 mRNA and protein levels, and decreased PSD-95 mRNA and protein levels relative to their young counterparts during natural aging. Embryonic inflammatory exposure accelerated age-related changes in spatial cognition, and in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression. Additionally, the levels of Ngpf2 and Psd-95 products were significantly positively and negatively correlated with cognitive dysfunction, respectively, particularly in prenatal inflammation-exposed aged mice. Changes in serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α reflective of systemic inflammation and their correlation with cognitive decline during accelerated aging were similar to those of hippocampal NGPF2. EE exposure could partially restore the accelerated decline in age-related cognitive function and in Psd-95 expression, especially in aged mice. DISCUSSION Overall, the aggravated cognitive disabilities in aged mice may be related to the alterations in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression and in systemic state of inflammation due to prenatal inflammatory exposure, and long-term EE exposure may ameliorate this cognitive impairment by upregulating Psd-95 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Ni
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi-Tao Wu
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhe-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bao-Ling Luo
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Gui-Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Zhou B, Wang Z, Zhu L, Huang G, Li B, Chen C, Huang J, Ma F, Liu TC. Effects of different physical activities on brain-derived neurotrophic factor: A systematic review and bayesian network meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:981002. [PMID: 36092802 PMCID: PMC9461137 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.981002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence suggests that exercise is a simple and effective method for maintaining brain function. Aims This review evaluates the effects of five physical exercises, including aerobic training (AT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), combined training (CT), resistance training (RT), and AT+RT, on the serum level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in healthy and non-healthy populations. Methods We searched CNKI, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to review randomized controlled studies on exercise interventions for BDNF. Quantitative merging analysis of the resulting data using Bayesian network meta-analysis. Results The screening and exclusion of the searched literature resulted in the inclusion of 39 randomized controlled trials containing 5 exercise interventions with a total of 2031 subjects. The AT, RT, AT+RT, HIIT, and CT groups (intervention groups) and the CG group (conventional control group) were assigned to 451, 236, 102, 84, 293, and 865 subjects, respectively. The Bayesian network meta-analysis ranked the effect of exercise on BDNF level improvement in healthy and non-healthy subjects as follows: RT > HIIT > CT > AT+RT > AT > CG. Better outcomes were observed in all five intervention groups than in the CG group, with RT having the most significant effect [MD = 3.11 (0.33, 5.76), p < 0.05]. Conclusions RT at moderate intensity is recommended for children and older adults in the case of exercise tolerance and is effective in maintaining or modulating BDNF levels for promoting brain health. Systematic Review Registration https://inplasy.com, INPLASY202250164.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Zhou
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianghao Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Business College, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Huang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Bing Li
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaofan Chen
- School of Physical Education, College of Art and Physical Education, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Junda Huang
- School of Physical Education, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, China
| | - Fuhai Ma
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
- Qinghai Institute of Sports Science Limited Company, Xining, China
- *Correspondence: Fuhai Ma
| | - Timon Chengyi Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Timon Chengyi Liu
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11
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Ota Y, Shah G. Imaging of Normal Brain Aging. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2022; 32:683-698. [PMID: 35843669 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding normal brain aging physiology is essential to improving healthy human longevity, differentiation, and early detection of diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, which are an enormous social and economic burden. Functional decline, such as reduced physical activity and cognitive abilities, is typically associated with brain aging. The authors summarize the aging brain mechanism and effects of aging on the brain observed by brain structural MR imaging and advanced neuroimaging techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging and functional MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Ota
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gaurang Shah
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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12
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Mol P, Chatterjee O, Gopalakrishnan L, Mangalaparthi KK, Bhat F, Kumar M, Nair B, Shankar SK, Mahadevan A, Prasad TSK. Age-Associated Molecular Changes in Human Hippocampus Subfields as Determined by Quantitative Proteomics. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2022; 26:382-391. [PMID: 35759428 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2022.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus demonstrates age-associated changes in functions, neuronal circuitry, and plasticity during various developmental stages. On the contrary, there is a significant knowledge gap on age-associated proteomic alterations in the hippocampus subfields. Using tandem mass tag-based high-resolution mass spectrometry and quantitative proteomics, we report here age-associated changes in the human hippocampus at the subregional level. We used formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded hippocampal tissue sections from a total of 12 healthy individuals, with 3 individuals from each of the 4 different age groups, specifically, 1-10, 21-30, 31-40, and 81-90 years. We found that lysosome and oxidative phosphorylation were the pathways enriched in the 81- to 90-year age group. On the contrray, nervous system development, synaptic plasticity and transmission, messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing, and electron transport chain (ETC) complex-I activity were the enriched biological processes observed in the younger age groups. In a hippocampus subfield context, our topline findings on age-associated proteome changes include altered expression of proteins associated with adult neurogenesis with age in the dentate gyrus and increased expression of immune response-associated proteins with age in certain cornu ammonis sectors of the hippocampus. Signal peptide analysis predicted hippocampal proteins with secretory potential. While these new findings warrant replication in larger study samples, the current data contribute to (1) our understanding of the molecular basis of proteomic changes across various age groups in hippocampus subfields in healthy individuals, and (2) the design and interpretation of future research on the age-associated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praseeda Mol
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Oishi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
- Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Lathika Gopalakrishnan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kiran K Mangalaparthi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Firdous Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Bipin Nair
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Susarla Krishna Shankar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
- Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
- Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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13
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Aging: working memory capacity and spatial strategies in a virtual orientation task. GeroScience 2022; 45:159-175. [PMID: 35690689 PMCID: PMC9886750 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00599-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain networks involved in working and spatial memory are closely intertwined, outlining a potential relation between these processes, which are also affected in non-pathological aging. Working memory is a pre-requisite for other complex cognitive processes. The main aim of this study is to explore how working memory capacity (WMC) can influence the asymmetrical decline in spatial orientation strategies in an older segment of population compared to young participants. Forty-eight older adults and twelve young students took part in the study. Working memory and spatial memory were assessed using the Change Localization Task and The Boxes Room Task, respectively. In The Boxes Room Task, two different configurations assessed the use of egocentric and allocentric reference frames. Results showed that older adults with better WMC outperformed those with lower WMC in several tasks. Independently of WMC capacity, older participants performed better in the allocentric condition of The Boxes Room. In addition, young participants outscored low WMC older participants, but did not differ from high WMC older adults. Overly, these findings support the important relationship between working memory capacity and spatial orientations abilities. Thus, basic cognitive mechanisms engaged in information processing could inform about other brain processes more complex in nature, like spatial orientation skills.
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14
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Babur E, Tufan E, Barutçu Ö, Aslan-Gülpınar AG, Tan B, Süer S, Dursun N. Neurodegeneration-Related Genes are Differentially Expressed in Middle-Aged Rats Compared to Young-Adult Rats Having Equal Performance on Long-Term Memory and Synaptic Plasticity. Brain Res Bull 2022; 182:90-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Xie Y, Song A, Zhu Y, Jiang A, Peng W, Zhang C, Meng X. Effects and mechanisms of probucol on aging-related hippocampus-dependent cognitive impairment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112266. [PMID: 34634555 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of probucol on aging-related hippocampus-dependent cognitive impairment and explore the potential mechanisms. METHODS D-galactose (100 mg/kg, once daily for 6 weeks) was subcutaneously injected to induce aging in mice. Then the mice were administered with probucol or vehicle once a day for 2 weeks. The hippocampus-related cognition was evaluated with Morris water maze test, novel object recognition test, and contextual fear conditioning test. Moreover, synaptic plasticity was assessed, and RNA-sequencing was applied to further explore the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Aging mice induced by D-galactose showed conspicuous learning and memory impairment, which was significantly ameliorated by probucol. Meanwhile, probucol enhanced the spine density and dendritic branches, improved long-term potentiation, and increased the expression of PSD95 of aging mice. Probucol regulated 70 differentially expressed genes compared to D-galactose group, of which 38 genes were upregulated and 32 genes were downregulated. At last, RNA-sequencing results were verified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSIONS Probucol improved learning and memory in aging mice through enhancing synaptic plasticity and regulating gene expression, indicating the potential application of probucol to prevent and treat aging-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Anni Song
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuting Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Anni Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wenpeng Peng
- Department of cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xianfang Meng
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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16
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Blinkouskaya Y, Caçoilo A, Gollamudi T, Jalalian S, Weickenmeier J. Brain aging mechanisms with mechanical manifestations. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 200:111575. [PMID: 34600936 PMCID: PMC8627478 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is a complex process that affects everything from the subcellular to the organ level, begins early in life, and accelerates with age. Morphologically, brain aging is primarily characterized by brain volume loss, cortical thinning, white matter degradation, loss of gyrification, and ventricular enlargement. Pathophysiologically, brain aging is associated with neuron cell shrinking, dendritic degeneration, demyelination, small vessel disease, metabolic slowing, microglial activation, and the formation of white matter lesions. In recent years, the mechanics community has demonstrated increasing interest in modeling the brain's (bio)mechanical behavior and uses constitutive modeling to predict shape changes of anatomically accurate finite element brain models in health and disease. Here, we pursue two objectives. First, we review existing imaging-based data on white and gray matter atrophy rates and organ-level aging patterns. This data is required to calibrate and validate constitutive brain models. Second, we review the most critical cell- and tissue-level aging mechanisms that drive white and gray matter changes. We focuse on aging mechanisms that ultimately manifest as organ-level shape changes based on the idea that the integration of imaging and mechanical modeling may help identify the tipping point when normal aging ends and pathological neurodegeneration begins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Blinkouskaya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States
| | - Andreia Caçoilo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States
| | - Trisha Gollamudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States
| | - Shima Jalalian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States
| | - Johannes Weickenmeier
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States.
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17
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Moazzami K, Wittbrodt MT, Lima BB, Kim JH, Hammadah M, Ko YA, Obideen M, Abdelhadi N, Kaseer B, Gafeer MM, Nye JA, Shah AJ, Ward L, Raggi P, Waller EK, Bremner JD, Quyyumi AA, Vaccarino V. Circulating Progenitor Cells and Cognitive Impairment in Men and Women with Coronary Artery Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 74:659-668. [PMID: 32083582 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating progenitor cells (CPC) have been associated with memory function and cognitive impairment in healthy adults. However, it is unclear whether such associations also exist in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). OBJECTIVE To assess the association between CPCs and memory performance among individuals with CAD. METHODS We assessed cognitive function in 509 patients with CAD using the verbal and visual Memory subtests of the Wechsler memory scale-IV and the Trail Making Test parts A and B. CPCs were enumerated with flow cytometry as CD45med/CD34+ blood mononuclear cells, those co-expressing other epitopes representing populations enriched for hematopoietic and endothelial progenitors. RESULTS After adjusting for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors, lower number of endothelial progenitor cell counts were independently associated with lower visual and verbal memory scores (p for all < 0.05). There was a significant interaction in the magnitude of this association with race (p < 0.01), such that the association of verbal memory scores with endothelial progenitor subsets was present in Black but not in non-Black participants. No associations were present with the hematopoietic progenitor-enriched cells or with the Trail Making Tests. CONCLUSION Lower numbers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with CAD, suggesting a protective effect of repair/regeneration processes in the maintenance of cognitive status. Impairment of verbal memory function was more strongly associated with lower CPC counts in Black compared to non-Black participants with CAD. Whether strategies designed to improve regenerative capacity will improve cognition needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Moazzami
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew T Wittbrodt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bruno B Lima
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeong Hwan Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Muhammad Hammadah
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Malik Obideen
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Naser Abdelhadi
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Belal Kaseer
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M Mazen Gafeer
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathon A Nye
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amit J Shah
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Laura Ward
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paolo Raggi
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Edmund K Waller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Douglas Bremner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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18
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Gorgich EAC, Parsaie H, Yarmand S, Baharvand F, Sarbishegi M. Long-term administration of metformin ameliorates age-dependent oxidative stress and cognitive function in rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 410:113343. [PMID: 33965434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is an inevitable physiological process, associated with a decline in cognitive function. Recently, metformin, as the first-line treatment for type II diabetes, has been shown to increase the life expectancy of diabetic patients. Therefore, researchers are paying increasing attention to its anti-aging properties. Oxygen free radicals are responsible for oxidative stress, which is a prominent factor in age-associated diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term administration of metformin on age-dependent oxidative stress and cognitive function. METHODS In this experimental study, 32 normal (nondiabetic) male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into control and metformin groups (n = 16 per group). The metformin group received 100 mg/kg of metformin in drinking water daily for six months. The shuttle box test was used for the passive avoidance task in 24-month-old rats. For the biochemical assay, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were measured. Nissl and TUNEL staining were also used for histopathological assessments. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. RESULTS The present findings revealed that metformin significantly reduced the MDA level and increased the TAC in the hippocampus of the metformin group (p < 0.05). The survival of hippocampal CA1 neurons was significantly higher in the metformin group as compared to the control group, while the number of TUNEL-positive neurons decreased significantly (p < 0.05). On the other hand, metformin markedly improved the passive avoidance memory in the metformin group as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION It can be concluded that long-term metformin intake, by modulating the oxidant/antioxidant mechanisms, prevents the loss of hippocampal neurons caused by age-dependent oxidative stress and improves memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Houman Parsaie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sazin Yarmand
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Baharvand
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Sarbishegi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
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19
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Bondi H, Bortolotto V, Canonico PL, Grilli M. Complex and regional-specific changes in the morphological complexity of GFAP + astrocytes in middle-aged mice. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 100:59-71. [PMID: 33493951 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During aging, alterations in astrocyte phenotype occur in areas associated with age-related cognitive decline, including hippocampus. Previous work reported subregion-specific changes in surface, volume, and soma size of hippocampal astrocytes during physiological aging. Herein we extensively analyzed, by morphometric analysis, fine morphological features of GFAP+ astrocytes in young (6-month-old) and middle-aged (14-month-old) male mice. We observed remarkable heterogeneity in the astrocytic response to aging in distinct subfields and along the dorsoventral axis of hippocampus and in entorhinal cortex. In middle-aged mice dorsal granule cell and molecular layers, but not hilus, astrocytes underwent remarkable increase in their morphological complexity. These changes were absent in ventral Dentate Gyrus (DG). In addition, in entorhinal cortex, the major input to dorsal DG, astrocytes underwent remarkable atrophic changes in middle-aged mice. Since dorsal DG, and not ventral DG, is involved in cognitive functions, these findings appear worth of further evaluation. Our findings also suggest an additional level of complexity in the structural changes associated with brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Bondi
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Valeria Bortolotto
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Canonico
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Grilli
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
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20
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Akinyemi AR, Li D, Zhang J, Liu Q. hnRNPM deficiency leads to cognitive deficits via disrupting synaptic plasticity. Neurosci Lett 2021; 751:135824. [PMID: 33727124 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RNA metabolism involves complex and regulated processes, some of which include transcription, intracellular transport, translation, and degradation. The involvement of RNA binding proteins in these processes remains mostly uncharacterized regarding brain functions, especially cognition. In this study, we report that knockdown of hnRNPM in the CA1 hippocampal region of the mouse brain leads to learning and memory impairment. This finding is further supported, by the reduction of pre- and post-synaptic protein levels synaptophysin and PSD95. Notably, loss of hnRNPM affects the physiological spine in vivo by impairing the morphology of the dendritic spines. Additionally, our study demonstrates that hnRNPM directly binds to the 3'UTR of synaptophysin and PSD95 mRNAs, resulting in the stabilization of these mRNAs. Together, these findings present novel insight into the regulatory role of hnRNPM in neuronal structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinsola Raphael Akinyemi
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China; Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Dingfeng Li
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China; Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China; Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China; Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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21
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Effects of Gestational Inflammation with Postpartum Enriched Environment on Age-Related Changes in Cognition and Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity-Related Proteins. Neural Plast 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/9082945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that exposure to inflammation during pregnancy intensifies the offspring’s cognitive impairment during aging, which might be correlated with changes in some synaptic plasticity-related proteins. In addition, an enriched environment (EE) can significantly exert a beneficial impact on cognition and synaptic plasticity. However, it is unclear whether gestational inflammation combined with postnatal EE affects the changes in cognition and synaptic plasticity-related proteins during aging. In this study, pregnant mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 50 μg/kg) or normal saline at days 15–17 of pregnancy. At 21 days after delivery, some LPS-treated mice were randomly selected for EE treatment. At the age of 6 and 18 months, Morris water maze (MWM) and western blotting were, respectively, used to evaluate or measure the ability of spatial learning and memory and the levels of postsynaptic plasticity-related proteins in the hippocampus, including postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) GluA1 subunit, and Homer-1b/c. The results showed that 18-month-old control mice had worse spatial learning and memory and lower levels of these synaptic plasticity-related proteins (PSD-95, GluA1, and Homer-1b/c) than the 6-month-old controls. Gestational LPS exposure exacerbated these age-related changes of cognition and synaptic proteins, but EE could alleviate the treatment effect of LPS. In addition, the performance during learning and memory periods in the MWM correlated with the hippocampal levels of PSD-95, GluA1, and Homer-1b/c. Our results suggested that gestational inflammation accelerated age-related cognitive impairment and the decline of PSD-95, GluA1, and Homer-1b/c protein expression, and postpartum EE could alleviate these changes.
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22
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Mathimaran A, Kumar A, Prajapati G, Ampapathi RS, Bora HK, Guha R. Partially saturated canthaxanthin alleviates aging-associated oxidative stress in D-galactose administered male wistar rats. Biogerontology 2020; 22:19-34. [PMID: 32926226 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09898-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
It has been earlier reported that partially saturated canthaxanthin (PSC) from Aspergillus carbonarius mutant is non-toxic, has anti-lipid peroxidation activity and can induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. In the present study, the antiaging effect of PSC was explored in D-galactose administered male wistar rats. 8-10 weeks old, male wistar rats were randomly divided into (i) Vehicle Control Group (VCG), (ii) Aged Control Group (ACG), (iii) Aged + α Lipoic Acid Group (ALG) and (iv) Aged + Partially saturated canthaxanthin Group (APG). Rats received D-galactose (300 mg /kg bwt/day; i.p.) alone (ACG) or together with PSC (APG) (20 mg/kg bwt/day; oral) and α Lipoic Acid (ALG) (80 mg/kg bwt/day; oral) for 10 weeks. Rats in VCG were injected with the same volume of physiological saline (i.p.) and fed with olive oil (vehicle). In vitro protein oxidation and DNA oxidation inhibition, in vivo malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities were determined. In addition, brain neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin were estimated by NMR. PSC treatment showed inhibition against protein and DNA oxidation. PSC effectively improved D-galactose induced aging rats by inducing a protective effect through up-regulation of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and brain neurotransmitters and downregulated malondialdehyde (MDA) and monoamineoxidase (MAO) levels. Thus, PSC appears to be a functional compound having antioxidant and antiaging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahila Mathimaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.,Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anbarasu Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Gurudayal Prajapati
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi S Ampapathi
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,CSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (CSIR-AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Himangsu K Bora
- Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajdeep Guha
- Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. .,CSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (CSIR-AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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23
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Ahn JH, Park JH, Lee TK, Yang GE, Shin MC, Cho JH, Won MH, Lee CH. Age‑dependent alterations in the immunoreactivity of macrophage inflammatory protein‑3α and its receptor CCR6 in the gerbil hippocampus. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1317-1324. [PMID: 32627009 PMCID: PMC7339448 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a primary characteristic of the aging brain. During normal aging, macrophage inflammatory protein-3α (MIP-3α) and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 6 (CCR6) serve pivotal roles in the neuroinflammatory process in the brain. The aim of the present study was to investigate age-dependent alterations in the immunoreactivity of MIP-3α and CCR6 in the gerbil hippocampus at postnatal month (PM) 1, 6, 12 and 24 via immunohistochemistry. In the PM 1 group, both MIP-3α and CCR6 immunoreactivity were observed primarily in the stratum pyramidale in the hippocampus proper and in the granule cell layer in the dentate gyrus. In the PM 6 and PM 12 groups, MIP-3α in the stratum pyramidale and granule cell layer was decreased compared with the PM 1 group, and CCR6 immunoreactivity in both layers was faint. In the PM 24 group, MIP-3α expression in the stratum pyramidale and granule cell layer was higher than that in the PM 1 group, and CCR6 immunoreactivity in both layers was increased compared with the PM 12 group; however, it was decreased compared with the PM 1 group. In conclusion, MIP-3α and CCR6 immunoreactivity were altered in the hippocampus during normal aging. The results of the current study suggested that age-dependent alterations of MIP-3α and CCR6 may be associated with age-related neuroinflammation in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Go Eun Yang
- Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Cheol Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 31116, Republic of Korea
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24
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Swenson S, Blum K, McLaughlin T, Gold MS, Thanos PK. The therapeutic potential of exercise for neuropsychiatric diseases: A review. J Neurol Sci 2020; 412:116763. [PMID: 32305746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is known to have a myriad of health benefits. There is much to be learned from the effects of exercise and its potential for prevention, attenuation and treatment of multiple neuropsychiatric diseases and behavioral disorders. Furthermore, recent data and research on exercise benefits with respect to major health crises, such as, that of opioid and general substance use disorders, make it very important to better understand and review the mechanisms of exercise and how it could be utilized for effective treatments or adjunct treatments for these diseases. In addition, mechanisms, epigenetics and sex differences are examined and discussed in terms of future research implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Swenson
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth Blum
- Western Univesity Health Sciences, Graduate College, Pomona, CA, USA
| | | | - Mark S Gold
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Panayotis K Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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25
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Li B, Zhao Y, Song M, Cui H, Feng X, Yang T, Fan HG. Role of c-Myc/chloride intracellular channel 4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced neurodegenerative diseases. Toxicology 2019; 429:152312. [PMID: 31693917 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
LPS-induced neuronal apoptosis leads to neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, the mechanisms underlying NDs pathogenesis remains unclear. The apoptotic response to activation of the c-Myc/chloride intracellular channel (CLIC4) pathway is directed through a mitochondrial pathway. In this study, we aimed to explore the c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway in the progression of NDs induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In an in vivo experiment, the results of HE staining, transmission electron microscopic, immunofluorescence microscopy of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and the increasing expression of apoptotic pathway related proteins in mitochondria showed that LPS (10 mg/kg) administration damaged mitochondrial and induced hippocampal neuron apoptosis. The Western blot and RT-PCR indicated that LPS induced the activation of c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway. Furthermore, in an in vitro experiment, PC12 cells were exposed to LPS to induce cell injuries to mimic the model of NDs. To further confirm the role of the c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway in LPS-induced neuronal apoptosis, the gene knockout of c-Myc and CLIC4 were performed by CRISPR/Cas9. The results of the flow cytometry assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI showed that knocking out c-Myc and CLIC4 significantly reduced cell apoptosis. The results of Western blot and dual immunofluorescence with Cyt c and TOM20 showed that knocking out c-Myc and CLIC4 significantly reduced the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins. Our data confirmed that LPS-induced apoptosis is regulated by the activation of c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway. These results support further research mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases and can provide effective pharmacodynamic targets for the clinical development of therapeutic drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - ManYu Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - HaiLin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - XiuJing Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - TianYuan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hong-Gang Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
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26
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Lee CH, Park JH, Won MH. Protein expression changes of HCN1 and HCN2 in hippocampal subregions of gerbils during the normal aging process. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:1308-1313. [PMID: 32128096 PMCID: PMC7038419 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.35760.8520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels play essential roles in various hippocampal functions, including regulation of long-term potentiation, synaptic plasticity, and hippocampal-dependent cognitive process. The objective of this study was to investigate age-related changes in HCN1 and HCN2 protein expressions in gerbil hippocampus at various ages. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the protein expressions of HCN1 and HCN2 were compared in the hippocampus at the ages of 1, 3, 12, and 24 months using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Immunoreactivity of both HCN1 and HCN2 was shown primarily in cells of the pyramidal cell layer in the hippocampus proper and in cells of the granule cell layer in the dentate gyrus. HCN1 and HCN2 protein expression levels and immunoreactivity were significantly increased at three months (3 M) of age compared with those at 1 M of age. After that, both HCN1 and HCN2 expression levels in the hippocampus were gradually decreased with age. CONCLUSION Our results show that the normal aging process affects the expression levels of HCN1 and HCN2 in hippocampal cells in gerbils. There are marked reductions in HCN1 and HCN2 expressions in the aged hippocampus compared to the young hippocampus. Such reductions might be related to aging in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
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27
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Logan S, Royce GH, Owen D, Farley J, Ranjo-Bishop M, Sonntag WE, Deepa SS. Accelerated decline in cognition in a mouse model of increased oxidative stress. GeroScience 2019; 41:591-607. [PMID: 31641924 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice deficient in the antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Sod1KO mice) have a significant reduction in lifespan, exhibit many phenotypes of accelerated aging, and have high levels of oxidative stress in various tissues. Age-associated cognitive decline is a hallmark of aging and the increase in oxidative stress/damage with age is one of the mechanisms proposed for cognitive decline with age. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine if Sod1KO mice exhibit an accelerated loss in cognitive function similar to that observed in aged animals. Cognition was assessed in Sod1KO and wild type (WT) mice using an automated home-cage testing apparatus (Noldus PhenoTyper) that included an initial discrimination and reversal task. Comparison of the total distance moved by the mice during light and dark phases of the study demonstrated that the Sod1KO mice do not show a deficit in movement. Assessment of cognitive function showed no significant difference between Sod1KO and WT mice during the initial discrimination phase of learning. However, during the reversal task, Sod1KO mice showed a significantly greater number of incorrect entries compared to WT mice indicating a decline in cognition similar to that observed in aged animals. Markers of oxidative stress (4-Hydroxynonenal, 4-HNE) and neuroinflammation [proinflammatory cytokines (IL6 and IL-1β) and neuroinflammatory markers (CD68, TLR4, and MCP1)] were significantly elevated in the hippocampus of male and female Sod1KO compared to WT mice. This study provides important evidence that increases in oxidative stress alone are sufficient to induce neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction that parallels the memory deficits seen in advanced aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreemathi Logan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Gordon H Royce
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC-1372, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Daniel Owen
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L Young Blvd, BMSB-860, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC-1372, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Julie Farley
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L Young Blvd, BMSB-860, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC-1372, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Michelle Ranjo-Bishop
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC-1372, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - William E Sonntag
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L Young Blvd, BMSB-860, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC-1372, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Sathyaseelan S Deepa
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC-1372, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC-1372, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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28
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Nunes PT, Kipp BT, Reitz NL, Savage LM. Aging with alcohol-related brain damage: Critical brain circuits associated with cognitive dysfunction. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 148:101-168. [PMID: 31733663 PMCID: PMC7372724 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholism is associated with brain damage and impaired cognitive functioning. The relative contributions of different etiological factors, such as alcohol, thiamine deficiency and age vulnerability, to the development of alcohol-related neuropathology and cognitive impairment are still poorly understood. One reason for this quandary is that both alcohol toxicity and thiamine deficiency produce brain damage and cognitive problems that can be modulated by age at exposure, aging following alcohol toxicity or thiamine deficiency, and aging during chronic alcohol exposure. Pre-clinical models of alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD) have elucidated some of the contributions of ethanol toxicity and thiamine deficiency to neuroinflammation, neuronal loss and functional deficits. However, the critical variable of age at the time of exposure or long-term aging with ARBD has been relatively ignored. Acute thiamine deficiency created a massive increase in neuroimmune genes and proteins within the thalamus and significant increases within the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Chronic ethanol treatment throughout adulthood produced very minor fluctuations in neuroimmune genes, regardless of brain region. Intermittent "binge-type" ethanol during the adolescent period established an intermediate neuroinflammatory response in the hippocampus and frontal cortex, that can persist into adulthood. Chronic excessive drinking throughout adulthood, adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure, and thiamine deficiency all led to a loss of the cholinergic neuronal phenotype within the basal forebrain, reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, and alterations in the frontal cortex. Only thiamine deficiency results in gross pathological lesions of the thalamus. The behavioral impairment following these types of treatments is hierarchical: Thiamine deficiency produces the greatest impairment of hippocampal- and prefrontal-dependent behaviors, chronic ethanol drinking ensues mild impairments on both types of tasks and adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure leads to impairments on frontocortical tasks, with sparing on most hippocampal-dependent tasks. However, our preliminary data suggest that as rodents age following adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure, hippocampal functional deficits began to emerge. A necessary requirement for the advancement of understanding the neural consequences of alcoholism is a more comprehensive assessment and understanding of how excessive alcohol drinking at different development periods (adolescence, early adulthood, middle-aged and aged) influences the trajectory of the aging process, including pathological aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polliana Toledo Nunes
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Brian T Kipp
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Nicole L Reitz
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Lisa M Savage
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, United States.
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29
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Fattoretti P, Malatesta M, Mariotti R, Zancanaro C. Testosterone administration increases synaptic density in the gyrus dentatus of old mice independently of physical exercise. Exp Gerontol 2019; 125:110664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Cole RC, Hazeltine E, Weng TB, Wharff C, DuBose LE, Schmid P, Sigurdsson G, Magnotta VA, Pierce GL, Voss MW. Cardiorespiratory fitness and hippocampal volume predict faster episodic associative learning in older adults. Hippocampus 2019; 30:143-155. [PMID: 31461198 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Declining episodic memory is common among otherwise healthy older adults, in part due to negative effects of aging on hippocampal circuits. However, there is significant variability between individuals in severity of aging effects on the hippocampus and subsequent memory decline. Importantly, variability may be influenced by modifiable protective physiological factors such as cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). More research is needed to better understand which aspects of cognition that decline with aging benefit most from CRF. The current study evaluated the relation of CRF with learning rate on the episodic associative learning (EAL) task, a task designed specifically to target hippocampal-dependent relational binding and to evaluate learning with repeated occurrences. Results show higher CRF was associated with faster learning rate. Larger hippocampal volume was also associated with faster learning rate, though hippocampal volume did not mediate the relationship between CRF and learning rate. Furthermore, to support the distinction between learning item relations and learning higher-order sequences, which declines with aging but is largely reliant on extra-hippocampal learning systems, we found learning rate on the EAL task was not related to motor sequence learning on the alternating serial reaction time task. Motor sequence learning was also not correlated with hippocampal volume. Thus, for the first time, we show that both higher CRF and larger hippocampal volume in healthy older adults are related to enhanced rate of relational memory acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Cole
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Eliot Hazeltine
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Timothy B Weng
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Conner Wharff
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Lyndsey E DuBose
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Phillip Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Gardar Sigurdsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Vincent A Magnotta
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Gary L Pierce
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Michelle W Voss
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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31
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Ballanger B, Bath KG, Mandairon N. Odorants: a tool to provide nonpharmacological intervention to reduce anxiety during normal and pathological aging. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 82:18-29. [PMID: 31377537 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders represent 1 of the most common classes of psychiatric disorders. In the aging population and for patients with age-related pathology, the percentage of people suffering of anxiety is significantly elevated. Furthermore, anxiety carries with it an increased risk for a variety of age-related medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, cognitive decline, and increased severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. A variety of anxiolytic compounds are available but often carry with them disturbing side effects that impact quality of life. Among nonmedicinal approaches to reducing anxiety, odor diffusion and aromatherapy are the most popular. In this review, we highlight the emerging perspective that the use of odorants may reduce anxiety symptoms or at least potentiate the effect of other anxiolytic approaches and may serve as an alternative form of therapy to deal with anxiety symptoms. Such approaches may be particularly beneficial in aging populations with elevated risk for these disorders. We also discuss potential neural mechanisms underlying the anxiolytic effects of odorants based on work in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedicte Ballanger
- INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Neuroplasticity and Neuropathology of Olfactory Perception Team, Lyon F-69000, France; University Lyon, Lyon F-69000, France; University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, F-69000, France
| | - Kevin G Bath
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence RI 02912, United States
| | - Nathalie Mandairon
- INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Neuroplasticity and Neuropathology of Olfactory Perception Team, Lyon F-69000, France; University Lyon, Lyon F-69000, France; University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, F-69000, France.
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32
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Hwang SN, Kim JC, Kim SY. Heterogeneity of GRIM-19 Expression in the Adult Mouse Brain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:935-951. [PMID: 31111264 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) is a subunit of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I that has a significant effect on ATP production. The brain is particularly susceptible to ATP deficiency due to its limited energy storage capability and its high rate of oxygen consumption. Thus, GRIM-19 might be involved in regulating ATP level in the brain or cell death caused by several neurological disorders. To understand the physiological and pathophysiological roles of GRIM-19 in the brain, a thorough investigation of the neuroanatomic distribution of GRIM-19 in the normal brain is necessary. Therefore, the present study examined the distribution patterns of GRIM-19 in the adult C57BL/6 mouse brain using immunohistochemistry and identified cell types expressing GRIM-19 using double immunofluorescence staining. We found that GRIM-19 was ubiquitously but not homogenously expressed throughout the brain. GRIM-19 immunoreactivity was predominantly observed in neurons, but not in astrocytes, microglia, or oligodendrocytes under normal physiological conditions. Following transient global cerebral ischemia, GRIM-19-positive immunoreactivity was, however, observed in neurons as well as glial cells including astrocytes in the hippocampus. Furthermore, GRIM-19 was weakly expressed in the hippocampal subgranular zone, in which neural stem and progenitor cells are abundant, but highly expressed in the immature and mature neuronal cells in the granular cell layer of the normal brain, suggesting an inverse correlation between expression of GRIM-19 and stemness activity. Collectively, our study demonstrating widespread and differential distribution of GRIM-19 in the adult mouse brain contributes to investigating the functional and pathophysiological roles of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Nyoung Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Cheon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Salehi B, Zakaria ZA, Gyawali R, Ibrahim SA, Rajkovic J, Shinwari ZK, Khan T, Sharifi-Rad J, Ozleyen A, Turkdonmez E, Valussi M, Tumer TB, Monzote Fidalgo L, Martorell M, Setzer WN. Piper Species: A Comprehensive Review on Their Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Applications. Molecules 2019; 24:E1364. [PMID: 30959974 PMCID: PMC6479398 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Piper species are aromatic plants used as spices in the kitchen, but their secondary metabolites have also shown biological effects on human health. These plants are rich in essential oils, which can be found in their fruits, seeds, leaves, branches, roots and stems. Some Piper species have simple chemical profiles, while others, such as Piper nigrum, Piper betle, and Piper auritum, contain very diverse suites of secondary metabolites. In traditional medicine, Piper species have been used worldwide to treat several diseases such as urological problems, skin, liver and stomach ailments, for wound healing, and as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents. In addition, Piper species could be used as natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents in food preservation. The phytochemicals and essential oils of Piper species have shown strong antioxidant activity, in comparison with synthetic antioxidants, and demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities against human pathogens. Moreover, Piper species possess therapeutic and preventive potential against several chronic disorders. Among the functional properties of Piper plants/extracts/active components the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological activities of the extracts and extract-derived bioactive constituents are thought to be key effects for the protection against chronic conditions, based on preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, besides clinical studies. Habitats and cultivation of Piper species are also covered in this review. In this current work, available literature of chemical constituents of the essential oils Piper plants, their use in traditional medicine, their applications as a food preservative, their antiparasitic activities and other important biological activities are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran.
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rabin Gyawali
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
| | - Salam A Ibrahim
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
| | - Jovana Rajkovic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35198-99951, Iran.
| | - Adem Ozleyen
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Elif Turkdonmez
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Marco Valussi
- European Herbal and Traditional Medicine Practitioners Association (EHTPA), 25 Lincoln Close, GL20 5TY Tewkesbury, UK.
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Lianet Monzote Fidalgo
- Parasitology Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kouri", 10400 Havana, Cuba.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, 4070386 Concepcion, VIII-Bio Bio Region, Chile.
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
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Wang L, Holland L, Fong R, Khokhar S, Fox AP, Xie Z. A pilot study showing that repeated exposure to stress produces alterations in subsequent responses to anesthetics in rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214093. [PMID: 30908509 PMCID: PMC6433219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The repeated use of a drug frequently leads to alterations in the response to that drug. We undertook this study to determine whether multiple exposures to the general anesthetic produced alterations in subsequent exposures to this anesthetic. For this study, adult male rats were anesthetized with 2.5% isoflurane for one hour. The rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each. Groups 1-3 were transported between their homeroom and the anesthesia testing room and were handled in an identical manner weekly for a period of 12 weeks, but were anesthetized on different schedules. Group 1 was anesthetized weekly for 12 weeks, Group 2 on either a 3 or 4 week schedule and Group 3 was anesthetized a single time, at the end of the 12 week period. To receive anesthesia multiple times, animals were transported from their homeroom to the anesthesia location and handled repeatedly. We took into consideration of the frequency of anesthesia exposure and the stress involved. Rats in groups 2 and 3 were placed in the anesthesia chamber, with O2 but with no anesthetic, every week when they were not scheduled to receive anesthesia. In Group 4, rats were not transported or handled in any way and stayed in the home room for a period of 12 weeks. Rats in this group were anesthetized once, at the very end of the study. Recovery of the rat's righting reflex was used to assess the acceleration of recovery time from general anesthesia. Group 1 rats showed dramatically faster emergence from anesthesia after several rounds of anesthesia. Surprisingly, Groups 2 and 3 rats, treated in an identical manner as Group 1, but which were anesthetized on different schedules, also exhibited more rapid emergence from anesthesia, when compared to Group 4 rats, which were never handled or transported prior to a single anesthesia. These results suggest that the stress of transportation and handling altered responsiveness to anesthesia. Our results show that responsiveness to anesthetic agents can change over time outside of the normal developmental changes taking place in rats as they age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesia, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lindsay Holland
- University of Michigan, College of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Robert Fong
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Suhail Khokhar
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Aaron P. Fox
- Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Physiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Zheng Xie
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Go J, Park TS, Han GH, Park HY, Ryu YK, Kim YH, Hwang JH, Choi DH, Noh JR, Hwang DY, Kim S, Oh WK, Lee CH, Kim KS. Piperlongumine decreases cognitive impairment and improves hippocampal function in aged mice. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1875-1884. [PMID: 30066827 PMCID: PMC6108885 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL), a biologically active compound from the Piper species, has been shown to exert various pharmacological effects in a number of conditions, including tumours, diabetes, pain, psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of PL on hippocampal function and cognition decline in aged mice. PL (50 mg/kg/day) was intragastrically administrated to 23‑month‑old female C57BL/6J mice for 8 weeks. Novel object recognition and nest building behaviour tests were used to assess cognitive and social functions. Additionally, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis were performed to examine the effects of PL on the hippocampus. We found that the oral administration of PL significantly improved novel object recognition and nest building behaviour in aged mice. Although neither the percentage area occupied by astrocytes and microglia nor the level of 4‑hydroxynonenal protein, a specific marker of lipid peroxidation, were altered by PL treatment, the phosphorylation levels of N‑methyl‑D‑aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NR2B), calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase II alpha (CaMKIIα) and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were markedly increased in the hippocampus of aged mice following the administration of PL. We also found that PL treatment resulted in a CA3‑specific increase in the phosphorylation level of cyclic AMP response element binding protein, which is recognized as a potent marker of neuronal plasticity, learning and memory. Moreover, the number of doublecortin‑positive cells, a specific marker of neurogenesis, was significantly increased following PL treatment in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. On the whole, these data demonstrate that PL treatment may be a potential novel approach in the treatment of age‑related cognitive impairment and hippocampal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Go
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463
| | - Tae-Shin Park
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
| | - Geun-Hee Han
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826
| | - Hye-Yeon Park
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
| | - Young-Kyoung Ryu
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113
| | - Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113
| | - Dong-Hee Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
| | - Jung-Ran Noh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463
| | - Sanghee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113
| | - Kyoung-Shim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113
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Guo Y, Li H, Ke X, Deng M, Wu Z, Cai Y, Afewerky HK, Zhang X, Pei L, Lu Y. Degradation of Caytaxin Causes Learning and Memory Deficits via Activation of DAPK1 in Aging. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3368-3379. [PMID: 30120735 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Loss of memory is an inevitable clinic sign in aging, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that death-associated protein kinase (DAPK1) is involved in the decays of learning and memory in aging via degradation of Caytaxin, a brain-specific member of BNIP-2. DAPK1 becomes activated in the hippocampus of mice during aging. Activation of DAPK1 is closely associated with degradation of Caytaxin protein. Silencing Caytaxin by the expression of small interfering RNA (siRNA) that targets specifically to Caytaxin in the hippocampus of adult mice impairs the learning and memory. Genetic inactivation of DAPK1 by deletion of DAPK1 kinase domain prevents the degradation of Caytaxin and protects against learning and memory declines. Thus, activation of DAPK1 impairs learning and memory by degrading Caytaxin during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao Ke
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Manfei Deng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhuoze Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - You Cai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Henok Kessete Afewerky
- The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoan Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lei Pei
- The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.
| | - Youming Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China. .,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Fattoretti P, Malatesta M, Cisterna B, Milanese C, Zancanaro C. Modulatory Effect of Aerobic Physical Activity on Synaptic Ultrastructure in the Old Mouse Hippocampus. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:141. [PMID: 29867450 PMCID: PMC5964889 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic physical exercise (APE) leads to improved brain functions. To better understand the beneficial effect of APE on the aging brain, a morphometric study was carried out of changes in hippocampal synapses of old (>27 months) Balb/c mice undergoing treadmill training (OTT) for 4 weeks in comparison with old sedentary (OS), middle-aged sedentary (MAS) and middle-aged treadmill training (MATT) mice. The inner molecular layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (IMLDG) and the molecular stratum of Ammon’s horn1 neurons (SMCA1) were investigated. The number of synapses per cubic micron of tissue (numeric density, Nv), overall synaptic area per cubic micron of tissue (surface density, Sv), average area of synaptic contact zones (S), and frequency (%) of perforated synapses (PS) were measured in electron micrographs of ethanol-phosphotungstic acid (E-PTA) stained tissue. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA). In IMLDG, an effect of age was found for Nv and Sv, but not S and %PS. Similar results were found for exercise and the interaction of age and exercise. In post hoc analysis Nv was higher (60.6% to 75.1%; p < 0.001) in MATT vs. MAS, OS and OTT. Sv was higher (32.3% to 54.6%; p < 0.001) in MATT vs. MAS, OS and OTT. In SMCA1, age affected Nv, Sv and %PS, but not S. The effect of exercise was significant for Sv only. The interaction of age and exercise was significant for Nv, Sv and %PS. In post hoc analysis Nv was lower in OS vs. MAS, MATT and OTT (−26.1% to −32.1%; p < 0.038). MAS and OTT were similar. Sv was lower in OS vs. MAS, MATT and OTT (−23.4 to −30.3%, p < 0.004). MAS and OTT were similar. PS frequency was higher in OS vs. MAS, MATT and OTT (48.3% to +96.6%, p < 0.023). APE positively modulated synaptic structural dynamics in the aging hippocampus, possibly in a region-specific way. The APE-associated reduction in PS frequency in SMCA1 of old mice suggests that an increasing complement of PS is a compensatory phenomenon to maintain synaptic efficacy. In conclusion, the modulation of synaptic plasticity by APE gives quantitative support to the concept that APE protects from neurodegeneration and improves learning and memory in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Fattoretti
- Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center for Neurobiology of Aging, Istituto Nazionale di Riposo e Cura per Anziani (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Cisterna
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanese
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carlo Zancanaro
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Ahn JH, Lee JS, Cho JH, Park JH, Lee TK, Song M, Kim H, Kang SH, Won MH, Lee CH. Age-dependent decrease of Nurr1 protein expression in the gerbil hippocampus. Biomed Rep 2018; 8:517-522. [PMID: 29904610 PMCID: PMC5996841 DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor related-1 protein (Nurr1) serves important roles in hippocampal-dependent cognitive process. In the present study, the protein expression of Nurr1 was compared in the hippocampi of young [postnatal month 3 (PM 3)], adult (PM 12) and aged (PM 24) gerbils using western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Results indicated that the protein level of Nurr1 was significantly and gradually decreased in the gerbil hippocampus with increasing age. In addition, strong Nurr1 immunoreactivity was primarily observed in pyramidal neurons and granule cells of the hippocampus in the young group, which was determined to be reduced in the adult group and to a greater extent in the aged group. Collectively the data demonstrated that Nurr1 immunoreactivity was gradually and markedly decreased during normal aging. These results indicate that gradual decrease of Nurr1 expression in the hippocampus may be associated with the normal aging process and a decline in hippocampus-dependent cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Seok Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Song
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hoon Kang
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 31116, Republic of Korea
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Altered function of neuronal L-type calcium channels in ageing and neuroinflammation: Implications in age-related synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 42:86-99. [PMID: 29339150 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The rapid developments in science have led to an increase in human life expectancy and thus, ageing and age-related disorders/diseases have become one of the greatest concerns in the 21st century. Cognitive abilities tend to decline as we get older. This age-related cognitive decline is mainly attributed to aberrant changes in synaptic plasticity and neuronal connections. Recent studies show that alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis underlie the increased vulnerability of neurons to age-related processes like cognitive decline and synaptic dysfunctions. Dysregulation of Ca2+ can lead to dramatic changes in neuronal functions. We discuss in this review, the recent advances on the potential role of dysregulated Ca2+ homeostasis through altered function of L-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels (LTCC) in ageing, with an emphasis on cognitive decline. This review therefore focuses on age-related changes mainly in the hippocampus, and with mention of other brain areas, that are important for learning and memory. This review also highlights age-related memory deficits via synaptic alterations and neuroinflammation. An understanding of these mechanisms will help us formulate strategies to reverse or ameliorate age-related disorders like cognitive decline.
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41
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Ivlieva AL, Petritskaya EN, Rogatkin DA, Demin VA. Methodological Characteristics of the Use of the Morris Water Maze for Assessment of Cognitive Functions in Animals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11055-017-0425-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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42
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Bettio LEB, Rajendran L, Gil-Mohapel J. The effects of aging in the hippocampus and cognitive decline. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 79:66-86. [PMID: 28476525 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process that is associated with cognitive decline as well as functional and social impairments. One structure of particular interest when considering aging and cognitive decline is the hippocampus, a brain region known to play an important role in learning and memory consolidation as well as in affective behaviours and mood regulation, and where both functional and structural plasticity (e.g., neurogenesis) occur well into adulthood. Neurobiological alterations seen in the aging hippocampus including increased oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, altered intracellular signalling and gene expression, as well as reduced neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, are thought to be associated with age-related cognitive decline. Non-invasive strategies such as caloric restriction, physical exercise, and environmental enrichment have been shown to counteract many of the age-induced alterations in hippocampal signalling, structure, and function. Thus, such approaches may have therapeutic value in counteracting the deleterious effects of aging and protecting the brain against age-associated neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E B Bettio
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Luckshi Rajendran
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joana Gil-Mohapel
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; UBC Island Medical program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
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Xiong M, Jones OD, Peppercorn K, Ohline SM, Tate WP, Abraham WC. Secreted amyloid precursor protein-alpha can restore novel object location memory and hippocampal LTP in aged rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 138:291-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Effect of short-term exercise training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2017; 35:279-290. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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45
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MicroRNAs in brain aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 168:3-9. [PMID: 28119001 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is one of the most crucial biological processes that affect the physiological balance between health and disease. Age-associated dysfunction of brain leads to severe health problems in current aging society. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in most physiological processes including fine-tuning of the short-term, cellular regulatory functions as well as modulation of long-term organismal lifespan. In this review, we discuss critical roles of miRNAs in the progression of normal and pathological brain aging. 50% of all known miRNAs are found in brain including cortex and hippocampus. A significant number of expressed miRNAs were differentially regulated during aging, implicating miRNAs as regulators of brain aging. The ability of miRNAs to regulate multiple targets within a pathway or even multiple pathways allows for coordinated regulation of brain functions. miRNA-mediated, brain functional changes are evident in cognition, inflammation, neuroprotection, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function and lifespan. Dysregulation of brain miRNAs contributes to accelerated cognitive decline and increased neurological disorders. Elucidating mechanisms by which miRNAs and their multiple targets are temporally and spatially regulated in normal and pathological brain aging will provide a deeper understanding on the process of interrelated pathways of brain aging, and a new insight into therapeutic interventions.
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Hadem IKH, Sharma R. Differential Regulation of Hippocampal IGF-1-Associated Signaling Proteins by Dietary Restriction in Aging Mouse. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:985-993. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Gracian EI, Osmon DC, Mosack KE. Transverse patterning, aging, and neuropsychological correlates in humans. Hippocampus 2016; 26:1633-1640. [PMID: 27658032 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Transverse patterning is a learning and memory adaptation of the 'rock/paper/scissors' problem that has been though to depend on the hippocampus, is sensitive to aging, and requires pattern separation to solve. Previous investigators dichotomized cognitively normal older adults who passed a cognitive screening into impaired and unimpaired subsets, and found that impaired older adults were disproportionately deficient in pattern separation abilities. However, this variability in pattern separation ability has not been examined using a transverse patterning task. Our aims, then, were two-fold: First, to determine if impaired older adults were inferior on transverse patterning compared to unimpaired older adults and young adults; second, to identify the neuropsychological correlates of transverse patterning. Our findings revealed that impaired older adults required more trials to criterion on the transverse patterning task than both young adults and unimpaired older adults. Unimpaired older adults also required more trials to criterion than young adults. A detailed analysis of the transverse patterning task confirmed that the aforementioned group differences were only observed in high interference conditions when pattern separation demands were at their peak. Finally, regression analyses showed that both memory and executive functioning neuropsychological composite scores were related to different indices of transverse patterning performance. Consistent with the pattern separation literature, and despite passing a cognitive screening, we found disproportionate transverse patterning deficits in impaired older adults. Forthcoming work should determine if transverse patterning performance is similar between impaired older adults and patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique I Gracian
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - David C Osmon
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Katie E Mosack
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Kapadia M, Xu J, Sakic B. The water maze paradigm in experimental studies of chronic cognitive disorders: Theory, protocols, analysis, and inference. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 68:195-217. [PMID: 27229758 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An instrumental step in assessing the validity of animal models of chronic cognitive disorders is to document disease-related deficits in learning/memory capacity. The water maze (WM) is a popular paradigm because of its low cost, relatively simple protocol and short procedure time. Despite being broadly accepted as a spatial learning task, inference of generalized, bona fide "cognitive" dysfunction can be challenging because task accomplishment is also reliant on non-cognitive processes. We review theoretical background, testing procedures, confounding factors, as well as approaches to data analysis and interpretation. We also describe an extended protocol that has proven useful in detecting early performance deficits in murine models of neuropsychiatric lupus and Alzheimer's disease. Lastly, we highlight the need for standardization of inferential criteria on "cognitive" dysfunction in experimental rodents and exclusion of preparations of a limited scientific merit. A deeper appreciation for the multifactorial nature of performance in WM may also help to reveal other deficits that herald the onset of neurodegenerative brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minesh Kapadia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Psychology Building Rm. 303, 1280 Main St., West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Josie Xu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Psychology Building Rm. 303, 1280 Main St., West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Boris Sakic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Psychology Building Rm. 303, 1280 Main St., West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
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49
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Korthauer LE, Nowak NT, Moffat SD, An Y, Rowland LM, Barker PB, Resnick SM, Driscoll I. Correlates of virtual navigation performance in older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 39:118-27. [PMID: 26923408 PMCID: PMC4773923 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable evidence for deleterious effects of aging on place learning and memory, less is known about the trajectory and the putative neural mechanisms of these decrements. The virtual Morris water task (vMWT) is a human analog of a nonhuman spatial navigation task. The present study investigated longitudinal changes in place learning in 51 healthy, nondemented adults (age 30-83 years) who completed the vMWT and a neuropsychological battery at 2 time-points (interval = ∼8 years). We also assessed cross-sectional associations between vMWT and brain structure, biochemical integrity, and standardized neuropsychological measures in a subset of 22 individuals who underwent magnetic resonance imaging at follow-up. Despite no longitudinal decrement in vMWT performance, there were cross-sectional age differences on the vMWT favoring younger adults. Negative associations were observed between vMWT latency and gray matter volumes in the right hippocampus, bilateral thalamus, and right medial orbitofrontal cortex and between vMWT latency and white matter fractional anisotropy in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus. Collectively, these results suggest a pattern of differences in the structural integrity of regions supporting successful navigation even in the absence of longitudinal performance decrements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Korthauer
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Nicole T Nowak
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Scott D Moffat
- School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yang An
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura M Rowland
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins, University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ira Driscoll
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA; National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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50
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Bensalem J, Servant L, Alfos S, Gaudout D, Layé S, Pallet V, Lafenetre P. Dietary Polyphenol Supplementation Prevents Alterations of Spatial Navigation in Middle-Aged Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10:9. [PMID: 26903826 PMCID: PMC4746350 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial learning and memory deficits associated with hippocampal synaptic plasticity impairments are commonly observed during aging. Besides, the beneficial role of dietary polyphenols has been suggested as potential functional food candidates to prevent this memory decline. Indeed, polyphenols could potentiate the signaling pathways of synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory. In this study, spatial learning deficits of middle-aged mice were first highlighted and characterized according to their navigation patterns in the Morris water maze task. An eight-week polyphenol-enriched diet, containing a polyphenol-rich extract from grape and blueberry (PEGB; from the Neurophenols Consortium) with high contents of flavonoids, stilbenes and phenolic acids, was then successful in reversing these age-induced effects. The use of spatial strategies was indeed delayed with aging whereas a polyphenol supplementation could promote the occurrence of spatial strategies. These behavioral results were associated with neurobiological changes: while the expression of hippocampal calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) mRNA levels was reduced in middle-aged animals, the polyphenol-enriched diet could rescue them. Besides, an increased expression of nerve growth neurotrophic factor (NGF) mRNA levels was also observed in supplemented adult and middle-aged mice. Thus these data suggest that supplementation with polyphenols could be an efficient nutritional way to prevent age-induced cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bensalem
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; Activ'InsideLibourne, France
| | - Laure Servant
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France
| | - Serge Alfos
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Bordeaux INP, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Sophie Layé
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Pallet
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Bordeaux INP, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France
| | - Pauline Lafenetre
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France; Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Bordeaux INP, UMR 1286Bordeaux, France
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