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Barea P, Melgosa R, Benito-Román Ó, Illera AE, Beltrán S, Sanz MT. Green fractionation and hydrolysis of fish meal to improve their techno-functional properties. Food Chem 2024; 452:139550. [PMID: 38735108 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A green strategy employing water as solvent has been adopted to obtain protein hydrolysates from fish meal (FM), its water-soluble fraction (WSP), and its non-water-soluble fraction (NSP). The techno-functional properties of the hydrolysates have been investigated and compared to hydrolysates obtained with Alcalase®. In general, SWH hydrolysates presented higher content of free amino acids and higher degree of hydrolysis, which reflected on the molecular size distribution. However, Alcalase® hydrolysates presented better solubility (from 74 ± 4% for NSP at pH = 2 up to 99 ± 1% for WSP at pH = 4-7). According to fluorescence experiments, FM and NSP hydrolysates showed the highest surface hydrophobicity, which has been related to better emulsifying properties and higher emulsion stability. The emulsions stabilized with 2%wt. of SWH-treated NSP showed the smallest particle sizes, with D[4,3] = 155 nm at day 0, and good stability, with D[4,3] = 220 nm at day 7, proving that water fractionation followed by SWH treatment is a good method to improve the techno-functional properties of the hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Barea
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo Melgosa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Óscar Benito-Román
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Alba Esther Illera
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Sagrario Beltrán
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - María Teresa Sanz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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Moscariello C, Matassa S, Pirozzi F, Esposito G, Papirio S. Valorisation of industrial hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) residues and cheese whey into volatile fatty acids for single cell protein production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 21:100439. [PMID: 39027465 PMCID: PMC11254950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The production of single cell protein (SCP) using lignocellulosic materials stands out as a promising route in the circular bioeconomy transition. However, multiple steps are necessary for lignocellulosics-to-SCP processes, involving chemical pretreatments and specific aerobic cultures. Whereas there are no studies that investigated the SCP production from lignocellulosics by using only biological processes and microbial biomass able to work both anaerobically and aerobically. In this view, the valorisation of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) biomass residues (HBRs), specifically hurds and a mix of leaves and inflorescences, combined with cheese whey (CW) was investigated through a semi-continuous acidogenic co-fermentation process (co-AF). The aim of this study was to maximise HBRs conversion into VFAs to be further used as carbon-rich substrates for SCP production. Different process conditions were tested by either removing CW or increasing the amount of HBRs in terms of VS (i.e., two and four times) to evaluate the performance of the co-AF process. Increasing HBRs resulted in a proportional increase in VFA production up to 3115 mg HAc L-1, with experimental production nearly 40% higher than theoretical predictions. The synergy between HBRs and CW was demonstrated, proving the latter as essential to improve the biodegradability of the former. The produced VFAs were subsequently tested as substrates for SCP synthesis in batch aerobic tests. A biomass concentration of 2.43 g TSS L-1 was achieved with a C/N ratio of 5.0 and a pH of 9.0 after two days of aerobic fermentation, reaching a protein content of 42% (g protein per g TSS). These results demonstrate the overall feasibility of the VFA-mediated HBR-to-SCP valorisation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Moscariello
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Silvio Matassa
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Pirozzi
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
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3
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Lamlom SF, Yehia WMB, Kotb HMK, Abdelghany AM, Shah AN, Salama EAA, Abdelhamid MMA, Abdelsalam NR. Genetic improvement of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) for high yield and fiber quality properties under semi arid conditions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7723. [PMID: 38565894 PMCID: PMC10987534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Between 2016 and 2018, the Agriculture Research Center's Sakha Agriculture Research Station conducted two rounds of pedigree selection on a segregating population of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) using the F2, F3, and F4 generations resulting from crossing Giza 94 and Suvin. In 2016, the top 5% of plants from the F2 population were selected based on specific criteria. The superior families from the F3 generation were then selected to produce the F4 families in 2017, which were grown in the 2018 summer season in single plant progeny rows and bulk experiments with a randomized complete block design of three replications. Over time, most traits showed increased mean values in the population, with the F2 generation having higher Genotypic Coefficient of Variance (GCV) and Phenotypic Coefficient of Variance (PCV) values compared to the succeeding generations for the studied traits. The magnitude of GCV and PCV in the F3 and F4 generations was similar, indicating that genotype had played a greater role than the environment. Moreover, the mean values of heritability in the broad sense increased from generation to generation. Selection criteria I2, I4, and I5 were effective in improving most of the yield and its component traits, while selection criterion I1 was efficient in improving earliness traits. Most of the yield and its component traits showed a positive and significant correlation with each other, highlighting their importance in cotton yield. This suggests that selecting to improveone or more of these traits would improve the others. Families number 9, 13, 19, 20, and 21 were the best genotypes for relevant yield characters, surpassing the better parent, check variety, and giving the best values for most characters. Therefore, the breeder could continue to use these families in further generations as breeding genotypes to develop varieties with high yields and its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhi F Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - W M B Yehia
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - H M K Kotb
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abdelghany
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22516, Egypt
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Ehab A A Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M A Abdelhamid
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Nader R Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt.
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Das T, Nur S, Haque ME, Acharjee MR, Newase S, Afrin S, Khatoon H. Data on growth performance of marine Chlorella sp. cultured in different cost-effective media. Data Brief 2024; 52:109894. [PMID: 38161659 PMCID: PMC10754696 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the data on growth performance of marine Chlorella sp. cultured in different cost-effective media including cow dung, cow urine, poultry litter, compost, NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), and UTR (Urea, TSP, and red potash). Growth curve of Chlorella sp. was determined at 5 mg of cow dung, poultry litter, compost, NPK, UTR and 5 µL of cow urine per 350 ml sea water (25 ppt) to identify the onset of stationary phase. Further four media among these were selected to continue the experiment at 8 mg and 11 mg of concentration. The higher cell densities were 4.21 × 106 and 4.18 × 106 cells/mL for NPK at 8 mg and 11 mg of concentration on 6th and 5th day, respectively. Cow dung with an 11 mg of concentration exhibited 2.67 × 106 cells/mL on the 3rd day, which is around 1.5 times greater than the highest growth in the same concentration of poultry litter. Chlorella sp. had a higher cell density in NPK media than in other media, however it was discarded since it is inorganic and costly. Due to the low cell density in cow urine media and the prolonged stationary phase in poultry litter media, the focus of the subsequent study was then placed on cow dung media. The data will contribute to the selection of locally available and cost-effective culture media by determining the stationary phases for specific microalgal species which will replace the costly and labor-intensive commercial media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Das
- Department of Aquaculture, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Sifatun Nur
- Department of Aquaculture, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Ekramul Haque
- Department of Aquaculture, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Mahima Ranjan Acharjee
- Department of Aquaculture, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Subeda Newase
- Department of Aquaculture, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Department of Aquaculture, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Helena Khatoon
- Department of Aquaculture, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
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Danese T, Sabetti MC, Mezzasalma N, Simoni M, Quintavalla C, Righi F. Does Acidification Affect Urinary Creatinine in Dairy Cattle? Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:315. [PMID: 38275774 PMCID: PMC10812419 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen content in urine plays a crucial role in assessing the environmental impact of dairy farming. Urine acidifications avoid urine nitrogen volatilization, but potentially lead to a degradation of creatinine, the most dependable marker for quantifying total urine excretion volume, affecting its measurement. This study aimed to assess how acidifying urine samples affects the concentration and detection of creatinine in dairy cattle. In this trial, individual urine samples from 20 Holstein lactating dairy cows were divided into three subsamples, allocated to 1 of 3 groups consisting of 20 samples each. Samples were immediately treated as follows: acidification with H2SO4 (1 mL of acid in 30 mL of sample) to achieve a pH < 2 (Group 1)); addition of an equal volume of distilled water (1 mL of distilled water in 30 mL of sample) to investigate dilution effects (Group 2); or storage without any acid or water treatment (Group 3). An analysis of creatinine levels was carried out using the Jaffe method. The Friedman test was employed to compare urine groups across treatments, and the Bland-Altman test was used to assess the agreement between measurements in Group 1 and Group 3. Urinary creatinine values were statistically different (p < 0.001) between Group 1 (median 48.5 mg/dL; range 36.9-83 mg/dL), Group 2 (median 47.5 mg/dL; range 36.5-80.7 mg/dL), and Group 3 (median 48.9 mg/dL, range 37.2-84). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrates agreement between Group 3 and Group 1. The measurement of urinary creatinine using the Jaffe method is affected by sample acidification, but the use of creatinine as a marker for total urine output could remain a viable tool when urine samples are acidified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Chiara Sabetti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Parma University, 43126 Parma, Italy; (T.D.); (N.M.); (M.S.); (C.Q.); (F.R.)
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Liu X, Jiang X, Zhang J, Ye H, Shen M, Wu L, Miao Y, Chen L, Zhou K, Hao M, Jiang B, Huang L, Ning S, Chen X, Chen X, Liu D, Zhang L. Molecular cytogenetic identification and nutritional composition evaluation of newly synthesized Triticum turgidum- Triticum boeoticum amphiploids (AABBA bA b). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1285847. [PMID: 38143580 PMCID: PMC10748598 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1285847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Triticum boeoticum Boiss. (AbAb, 2n = 2x = 14) is a wheat-related species with the blue aleurone trait. In this study, 18 synthetic Triticum turgidum-Triticum boeoticum amphiploids were identified, which were derived from crosses between T. boeoticum and T. turgidum. Three probes (Oligo-pTa535, Oligo-pSc119.2, and Oligo-pTa713) for multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mc-FISH) were combined with genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) to identify chromosomal composition. Seven nutritional indices (anthocyanins, protein, total essential amino acids TEAA, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) were measured, and the nutritional components of 18 synthetic amphiploids were comprehensively ranked by principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that all three synthetic amphiploids used for cytological identification contained 42 chromosomes, including 14 A, 14 B, and 14 Ab chromosomes. The average anthocyanin content was 82.830 μg/g to 207.606 μg/g in the whole meal of the 17 blue-grained lines (Syn-ABAb-1 to Syn-ABAb-17), which was obviously higher than that in the yellow-grained line Syn-ABAb-18 (6.346 μg/g). The crude protein content was between 154.406 and 180.517 g/kg, and the EAA content was 40.193-63.558 mg/g. The Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu levels in the 17 blue-grained lines were 60.55 to 97.41 mg/kg, 60.55-97.41 mg/kg, 35.11 to 65.20 mg/kg and 5.74 to 7.22 mg/kg, respectively, which were higher than those in the yellow-grained line. The contribution of the first three principal components reached 84%. The first principal component was mainly anthocyanins, Fe, Zn and Mn. The second principal component contained protein and amino acids, and the third component contained only Cu. The top 5 Triticum turgidum-Triticum boeoticum amphiploids were Syn-ABAb-11, Syn-ABAb-17, Syn-ABAb-5, Syn-ABAb-8 and Syn-ABAb-4. These amphidiploids exhibited the potential to serve as candidates for hybridization with common wheat, as indicated by comprehensive score rankings, toward enhancing the nutritional quality of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaomei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongping Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Hao
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunzong Ning
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dengcai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Scotto di Uccio A, Matassa S, Cesaro A, Esposito G, Papirio S. Microbial protein production from lactose-rich effluents through food-grade mixed cultures: Effect of carbon to nitrogen ratio and dilution rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129717. [PMID: 37696339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Overabundant agro-industrial side streams such as lactose-rich effluents from dairy activities offer multiple valorisation opportunities. In the present study, a food-grade mixed culture of bacteria and yeasts was tested under different operational conditions for the treatment and the valorisation of cheese whey permeate (CWP), the residue of whey protein recovery, into microbial protein (MP). Under continuous aerobic fermentation settings, the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio showed little to no influence on the system performances and MP quality as compared to dilution rates (D), leading to a final protein content as high as 76%. Under high D values, instead, while biomass productivity increased, N-efficiency and protein content decreased. Unlike the bacterial community, the yeast one proved to be highly stable and less influenced by the increase of D. A preliminary estimate indicated that 2-11% of the future MP-based food production could be satisfied by only valorising lactose-rich dairy residues such as CWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Scotto di Uccio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, Naples 80125, Italy.
| | - Silvio Matassa
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cesaro
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, Naples 80125, Italy
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Burke HJ, Kerton F. Sequential Extraction of Valuable Bio-Products from Snow Crab ( Chionoecetes opilio) Processing Discards Using Eco-Friendly Methods. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:366. [PMID: 37367691 DOI: 10.3390/md21060366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Green extraction methods using a combination of mechanical, enzymatic, and green chemical treatments were evaluated for the sequential extraction of carotenoid pigments, protein, and chitin from crab processing discards. Key objectives included avoiding the use of hazardous chemical solvents, conducting as close to a 100% green extraction as possible, and developing simple processes to facilitate implementation into processing plants without the need for complicated and expensive equipment. Three crab bio-products were obtained: pigmented vegetable oil, pigmented protein powder, and chitin. Carotenoid extractions were performed using vegetable oils (corn, canola, and sunflower oils), giving between 24.85% and 37.93% astaxanthin recovery. Citric acid was used to demineralize the remaining material and afforded a pigmented protein powder. Three different proteases were used to deproteinate and isolate chitin in yields between 17.06% and 19.15%. The chitin was still highly colored and therefore decolorization was attempted using hydrogen peroxide. Characterization studies were conducted on each of the crab bio-products isolated including powder X-ray diffraction analysis on the chitin (80.18% crystallinity index, CI, achieved using green methods). Overall, three valuable bio-products could be obtained but further research is needed to obtain pigment-free chitin in an environmentally friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Burke
- Centre for Aquaculture and Seafood Development, Fisheries and Marine Institute, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5R3, Canada
| | - Francesca Kerton
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
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Liu Q, Lu W, Bai C, Xu C, Ye M, Zhu Y, Yao L. Cadmium, arsenic, and mineral nutrients in rice and potential risks for human health in South China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27857-7. [PMID: 37246182 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple food crops worldwide. For people fed on rice, toxic elements cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) and mineral nutrients in rice are pivotal to evaluate potential risks of harmful element intake and malnutrition. We collected rice samples of 208 cultivars (83 inbred and 125 hybrid) from fields in South China and determined Cd, As, As species, and mineral elements in brown rice. Chemical analysis shows that the average content of Cd and As in brown rice were 0.26 ± 0.32 and 0.21 ± 0.08 mg·kg-1, respectively. Inorganic As (iAs) was the dominative As species in rice. Rice Cd and iAs in 35.1% and 52.4% of the 208 cultivars exceeded rice Cd and iAs limits, respectively. Significant variations of rice subspecies and regions were found for Cd, As, and mineral nutrients in rice (P < 0.05). Inbred rice had lower As uptake and more balanced mineral nutrition than hybrid species. Significant correlation was observed between Cd, As versus mineral elements like Ca, Zn, B, and Mo (P < 0.05). Health risk assessment indicates that high risks of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic of Cd and iAs, and malnutrition, in particular Ca, protein and Fe deficiencies, might be caused by rice consumption in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Weisheng Lu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cuihua Bai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Congzhuo Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Maozhi Ye
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongcong Zhu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lixian Yao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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Padhan BK, Sathee L, Kumar S, Chinnusamy V, Kumar A. Variation in nitrogen partitioning and reproductive stage nitrogen remobilization determines nitrogen grain production efficiency (NUEg) in diverse rice genotypes under varying nitrogen supply. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1093581. [PMID: 36938028 PMCID: PMC10020356 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1093581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an important macronutrient needed for grain yield, grain N and grain protein content in rice. Grain yield and quality are significantly determined by N availability. In this study, to understand the mechanisms associated with reproductive stage N remobilization and N partitioning to grain 2 years of field experiments were conducted with 30 diverse rice genotypes during 2019-Kharif and 2020-Kharif seasons. The experiments were conducted with two different N treatments; N deficient (N0-no external N application, available soil N; 2019-234.15 kgha-1, 2020-225.79 kgha-1) and N sufficient (N120-120 kgha-1 external N application, available soil N; 2019-363.77 kgha-1, 2020-367.95 kgha-1). N application increased the NDVI value, biomass accumulation, grain yield, harvest index and grain N accumulation. Post-anthesis N uptake and N remobilization from vegetative tissues to grain are critical for grain yield and N harvest index. Rice genotypes, Kalinga-1, BAM-4234, IR-8384-B-B102-3, Sahbhagi Dhan, BVD-109 and Nerica-L-42 showed a higher rate of N remobilization under N sufficient conditions. But, under N deficiency, rice genotypes-83929-B-B-291-3-1-1, BVD-109, IR-8384-B-B102-3 and BAM-4234 performed well showing higher N remobilization efficiency. The total amount of N remobilization was recorded to be high in the N120 treatment. The harvest index was higher in N120 during both the cropping seasons. RANBIR BASMATI, BAM-832, APO, BAM-247, IR-64, Vandana, and Nerica-L-44 were more efficient in N grain production efficiency under N deficient conditions. From this study, it is evident that higher grain N accumulation is not always associated with higher yield. IR-83929-B-B-291-3-1-1, Kalinga-1, APO, Pusa Basmati-1, and Nerica-L-44 performed well for different N use efficiency component traits under both N deficient (N0) and N sufficient (N120) conditions. Identifying genotypes/donors for N use efficiency-component traits is crucial in improving the fertilizer N recovery rate and site specific N management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birendra K. Padhan
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Division of Crop Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
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11
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Production of small peptides and low molecular weight amino acids by subcritical water hydrolysis from fish meal: effect of pressurization agent and comparison with enzymatic hydrolysis. Food Chem 2023; 418:135925. [PMID: 37003201 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The hydrolysis of the water-soluble protein (WSP) fraction from tuna fish meal was evaluated by subcritical water (subW) by using N2 and CO2 as different pressurization agents in the temperature range from 140 to 180 °C. For both gases, the amino group release increased by increasing working temperature while the Lowry response decreased due to production of smaller-size peptides and free amino acids. The free amino acid content was higher with CO2 than with N2. At 180 °C, 344 ± 5 and 275 ± 3 mg of free amino acids per g of WSP were released, respectively; although, in both systems the smallest molecular weight amino acids, glycine and alanine, were preferentially released. The free amino acids content obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis with commercial proteases Alcalase and Novozym was much lower with the highest hydrolysis yield determined for histidine. These results have been supported by size exclusion chromatography analysis.
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12
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Sun Y, Zhong M, Liao Y, Kang M, Li Y, Qi B. Interfacial characteristics of artificial oil body emulsions (O / W) prepared using extrinsic and intrinsic proteins: Inspired by natural oil body. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Se-enrichment of Chlorella vulgaris grown under different trophic states for food supplementation. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Matassa S, Pelagalli V, Papirio S, Zamalloa C, Verstraete W, Esposito G, Pirozzi F. Direct nitrogen stripping and upcycling from anaerobic digestate during conversion of cheese whey into single cell protein. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 358:127308. [PMID: 35569711 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of the dairy industry is heavily influenced by the overproduction of nitrogen- and carbon-rich effluents. The present study proposes an innovative process to recover waste contaminated nitrogen from anaerobic digestate while treating excess cheese whey (CW) and producing high-quality, clean single cell protein (SCP). By relying on direct aeration stripping techniques, employing an airflow subsequently used in the aerobic cheese whey fermentation step, the investigated process was able to strip 41-80% of the total ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4+) from liquid digestate. The stripped ammonia gas (NH3) was completely recovered as N-NH4+ in the acidic CW, and further upcycled into SCP having a total protein content of 74.7% and a balanced amino acids profile. A preliminary techno-economic analysis revealed the potential to directly recover and upcycle nitrogen into SCP at costs (4.3-6.3 €·kgN-1) and energetic inputs (90-132 MJ·kgN-1) matching those of conventional feed and nitrogen management processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Matassa
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy; Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via G. di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Pelagalli
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via G. di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Willy Verstraete
- Avecom NV, Industrieweg 122P, Wondelgem 9032, Belgium; Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pirozzi
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
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15
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Çakmak E, Koc-Bilican B, Avila-Poveda OH, Karaduman T, Cansaran-Duman D, Williams ST, Kaya M. Discovery of protein-based natural hydrogel from the girdle of the 'sea cockroach' Chiton articulatus (Chitonida: Chitonidae). PeerJ 2022; 10:e13386. [PMID: 35573172 PMCID: PMC9097651 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely used materials in biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural fields. However, these hydrogels are usually formed synthetically via a long and complicated process involving crosslinking natural polymers. Herein, we describe a natural hydrogel isolated using a 'gentle' acid treatment from the girdle of a chiton species (Chiton articulatus). This novel hydrogel is shown to have a proliferative effect on mouse fibroblast cells (cell line, L929). The swelling capacity of this natural hydrogel was recorded as approximately 1,200% in distilled water, which is within desired levels for hydrogels. Detailed characterizations reveal that the hydrogel consists predominantly (83.93%) of protein. Considering its non-toxicity, proliferative effect and swelling properties, this natural hydrogel is an important discovery for material sciences, with potential for further applications in industry. Whether the girdle has some hydrogel activity in the living animal is unknown, but we speculate that it may enable the animal to better survive extreme environmental conditions by preventing desiccation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Çakmak
- Vegetable and Animal Production, Güzelyurt Vocational School, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey,Science and Technology Application and Research Center, ASUBTAM - Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Behlül Koc-Bilican
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center, ASUBTAM - Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey,Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Omar Hernando Avila-Poveda
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México,Programa Investigadoras e Investigadores por Mexico, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México,Proyecto Quitón del Pacífico Tropical Mexicano, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
| | - Tuğçe Karaduman
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center, ASUBTAM - Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey,Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | | | - Suzanne T. Williams
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, Cromwell Road, United Kingdom
| | - Murat Kaya
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center, ASUBTAM - Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey,Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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16
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Min BR, Parker D, Brauer D, Waldrip H, Lockard C, Hales K, Akbay A, Augyte S. The role of seaweed as a potential dietary supplementation for enteric methane mitigation in ruminants: Challenges and opportunities. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:1371-1387. [PMID: 34786510 PMCID: PMC8581222 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seaweeds are macroalgae, which can be of many different morphologies, sizes, colors, and chemical profiles. They include brown, red, and green seaweeds. Brown seaweeds have been more investigated and exploited in comparison to other seaweed types for their use in animal feeding studies due to their large sizes and ease of harvesting. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that plant secondary compound-containing seaweeds (e.g., halogenated compounds, phlorotannins, etc.) have the potential to mitigate enteric methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants when added to the diets of beef and dairy cattle. Red seaweeds including Asparagopsis spp. are rich in crude protein and halogenated compounds compared to brown and green seaweeds. When halogenated-containing red seaweeds are used as the active ingredient in ruminant diets, bromoform concentration can be used as an indicator of anti-methanogenic properties. Phlorotannin-containing brown seaweed has also the potential to decrease CH4 production. However, numerous studies examined the possible anti-methanogenic effects of marine seaweeds with inconsistent results. This work reviews existing data associated with seaweeds and in vitro and in vivo rumen fermentation, animal performance, and enteric CH4 emissions in ruminants. Increased understanding of the seaweed supplementation related to rumen fermentation and its effect on animal performance and CH4 emissions in ruminants may lead to novel strategies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions while improving animal productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeng R. Min
- College of Agriculture, Environment and Nutrition Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - David Parker
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - David Brauer
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - Heidi Waldrip
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - Catherine Lockard
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - Kristin Hales
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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17
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Odukoya JO, Odukoya JO, Mmutlane EM, Ndinteh DT. Phytochemicals and Amino Acids Profiles of Selected sub-Saharan African Medicinal Plants' Parts Used for Cardiovascular Diseases' Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1367. [PMID: 34575444 PMCID: PMC8472700 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For years, the focus on the lipid-atherosclerosis relationship has limited the consideration of the possible contribution of other key dietary components, such as amino acids (AAs), to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Notwithstanding, the potential of plant-based diets, some AAs and phytochemicals to reduce CVDs' risk has been reported. Therefore, in this study, the phytochemical and AA profiles of different medicinal plants' (MPs) parts used for CVDs' treatment in sub-Saharan Africa were investigated. Fourier-transform infrared analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, amino and other bioactive compounds' functional groups in the samples. In most of them, glutamic and aspartic acids were the most abundant AAs, while lysine was the most limiting. P. biglobosa leaf, had the richest total branched-chain AAs (BCAAs) level, followed by A. cepa bulb. However, A. cepa bulb had the highest total AAs content and an encouraging nutraceutical use for adults based on its amino acid score. Principal component analysis revealed no sharp distinction between the AAs composition of MPs that have found food applications and those only used medicinally. Overall, the presence of medicinally important phytochemicals and AAs levels in the selected MPs' parts support their use for CVDs treatment as they might not add to the AAs (e.g., the BCAAs) burden in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson Oluwaseun Odukoya
- Centre for Natural Products Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
- Department of Chemistry, The Federal University of Technology, Akure PMB 704, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Julianah Olayemi Odukoya
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwara State University, Malete, Ilorin PMB 1530, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Edwin Mpoh Mmutlane
- Centre for Natural Products Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
| | - Derek Tantoh Ndinteh
- Centre for Natural Products Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
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18
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Villacrés E, Rosell CM. Kinetics of solid-state fermentation of lupin with Rhizophus oligosporus based on nitrogen compounds balance. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Djandja OS, Yin L, Wang Z, Guo Y, Zhang X, Duan P. Progress in thermochemical conversion of duckweed and upgrading of the bio-oil: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144660. [PMID: 33736270 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The processing of duckweed has been included in the list of promising pathways for biofuels production. This property is attributed to its simple manual harvesting method and its ability for high protein or starch content, depending on its species and growing environment. The biofuels production from duckweed, is not only a solution to energy and environmental problems, but also a reliable way to realize the utilization of duckweed. This critical review focuses on the bio-oil production from duckweed via pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction processes. First, characteristics and eco-environmental benefits of duckweed are reviewed. Next, the impacts of different parameters on the properties and distribution of bio-oil from pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction are discussed in detail. Subsequently, the effect of hydrogen donor solvents (as reaction media for upgrading) and catalysts on the upgrading of duckweed bio-oil are extensively discussed. This paper ends with the prospects for further development in thermochemical valorization of duckweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oraléou Sangué Djandja
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Linxin Yin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Zhicong Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Yao Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Peigao Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China.
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20
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Guerreiro BM, Freitas F, Lima JC, Silva JC, Reis MAM. Photoprotective effect of the fucose-containing polysaccharide FucoPol. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117761. [PMID: 33674014 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the performance of FucoPol, a fucose-containing bacterial polysaccharide, as a photostable agent with high absorption yield at concentrations as low as 0.02 % (w/v). FucoPol is non-cytotoxic, efficiently protects from UVA and UVB at concentrations of 0.02-2 % (w/v) and 0.2-2 % (w/v), respectively, has over 94 % overall photostability up to 1.5 h of irradiation time. The lowest concentration studied (0.02 %, w/v) shows a sun protection factor (SPF) of 2.61 ± 0.08. The SPF-to-concentration unit ratio showed that FucoPol is about 60-fold more photoprotective than combinations of common organic and inorganic UV filters. In vitro radiation exposure experiments of adhered Vero epithelial and PM1 keratinocytic cells in the presence of 0.25 % (w/v) FucoPol further showed that cell viability was preserved, and delayed radiation-induced cell death was prevented. Overall, FucoPol outperforms common cosmetic biopolymers like xanthan and fucogel. These results are very promising for the development of bio-based sunscreen formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno M Guerreiro
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Portugal; CENIMAT/I3N, Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - João C Lima
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge C Silva
- CENIMAT/I3N, Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Portugal
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21
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Montegiove N, Pellegrino RM, Emiliani C, Pellegrino A, Leonardi L. An Alternative Approach to Evaluate the Quality of Protein-Based Raw Materials for Dry Pet Food. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:458. [PMID: 33572462 PMCID: PMC7916219 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of dry pet food currently on the market is produced using fresh meats (FMs) and especially meat meals (MMs) as the main protein source. The transport and storage conditions of the raw materials, together with thermal and mechanical treatments in the case of MMs, may result in undesirable alterations of food products and their protein content. This study was conducted to analyze the protein component of three different kinds of raw materials used for dry pet food production, i.e., chicken, pork, and salmon. The quantitative analysis of the protein component was determined using the traditional Kjeldahl method and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, and an alternative method, i.e., the Bradford assay, while the qualitative analysis was performed through SDS-PAGE, followed by Coomassie Blue staining. The amino acid (AA) profile was also evaluated by quadrupole time-of-flight liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (Q-TOF LC/MS). In addition, the digestibility was tested through in vitro gastric and small intestine digestion simulation. Statistical analysis was performed by the Student's t-test, and data are reported as mean ± SEM, n = 10 (p < 0.05). The results showed that the MMs are lower in quality compared to FMs, both in terms of protein bioavailability and digestibility, having a lower soluble protein (SP) content (chicken MM = 8.6 g SP/100 g dry sample; pork MM = 6.2 g SP/100 g dry sample; salmon MM = 7.9 g SP/100 g dry sample) compared to FMs (chicken FM = 14.6 g SP/100 g dry sample; pork FM = 15.1 g SP/100 g dry sample; salmon FM = 13.7 g SP/100 g dry sample). FMs appear, therefore, to be higher-quality ingredients for pet food production. Moreover, the Bradford assay proved to be a quick and simple method to better estimate protein bioavailability in the raw materials used for dry pet food production, thanks to its correlation with the in vitro digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Montegiove
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Roberto Maria Pellegrino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
- Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN), University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Leonardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
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22
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Enrichment of Hydrogen Oxidizing Bacteria from High Temperature and Salinity Environments. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.02439-20. [PMID: 33257312 PMCID: PMC7851685 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02439-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for sustainable protein supply routes with low environmental footprint. Recently, the use of hydrogen oxidizing bacteria (HOB) as a platform for high quality microbial protein (MP) production has regained interest. This study aims to investigate the added value of using conditions such as salt and temperature to steer HOB communities to lower diversities, while maintaining a high protein content and a high quality amino acid profile. Pressure drop and hydrogen consumption were measured for 56 days to evaluate autotrophy of a total of six communities in serum flasks. Of the six communities, four were enriched under saline (0.0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mol NaCl l-1) and two under thermophilic conditions (65°C). Five communities enriched for HOB were subsequently cultivated in continuously stirred reactors under the same conditions to evaluate their potential as microbial protein producers. The protein percentages ranged from 41 to 80%. The highest protein content was obtained for the thermophilic enrichments. Amino acid profiles were comparable to protein sources commonly used for feed purposes. Members of the genus Achromobacter were found to dominate the saline enrichments while members of the genus Hydrogenibacillus were found to dominate the thermophilic enrichments. Here we show that enriching for HOB while steering the community toward low diversity and maintaining a high quality protein content can be successfully achieved, both in saline and thermophilic conditions.IMPORTANCE Alternative feed and food supply chains are required to decrease water and land use. HOB offer a promising substitute for traditional agricultural practice to produce microbial protein (MP) from residual materials and renewable energy. To safeguard product stability, the composition of the HOB community should be controlled. Defining strategies to maintain the stability of the communities is therefore key for optimization purposes. In this study, we use salt and temperature as independent conditions to stabilize the composition of the HOB communities. Based on the results presented, we conclude that HOB communities can be steered to have low diversity using the presented conditions while producing a desirable protein content with a valuable amino acid profile.
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23
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Environmentally Friendly Approach for the Production of Glucose and High-Purity Xylooligosaccharides from Edible Biomass Byproducts. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10228119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production from sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) has been barely studied using other edible biomasses. Therefore, we evaluated the XOS content as well as its purity by comparing the content of total sugars from SSB. An environmentally friendly approach involving autohydrolysis was employed, and the reaction temperature and time had variations in order to search for the conditions that would yield high-purity XOS. After autohydrolysis, the remaining solid residues, the glucan-rich fraction, were used as substrates to be enzymatically hydrolyzed for glucose conversion. The highest XOS was observed for total sugars (68.7%) at 190 °C for 5 min among the autohydrolysis conditions. However, we also suggested two alternative conditions, 180 °C for 20 min and 190 °C for 15 min, because the former condition might have the XOS at a low degree of polymerization with a high XOS ratio (67.6%), while the latter condition presented a high glucose to total sugar ratio (91.4%) with a moderate level XOS ratio (64.4%). Although it was challenging to conclude on the autohydrolysis conditions required to obtain the best result of XOS content and purity and glucose yield, this study presented approaches that could maximize the desired product from SSB, and additional processes to reduce these differences in conditions may warrant further research.
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Afonso C, Guarda I, Mourato M, Martins L, Fonseca I, Gomes R, Matos J, Gomes A, Bandarra N, Cardoso C. Treptacantha abies-marina (S.G. Gmelin) Kützing: Characterization and Application as a Whole Food Ingredient. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2020.1826617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Afonso
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (Divav), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - I. Guarda
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (Divav), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior De Agronomia, Universidade De Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Mourato
- Instituto Superior De Agronomia, Universidade De Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L.L. Martins
- Instituto Superior De Agronomia, Universidade De Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I. Fonseca
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (Divav), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior De Agronomia, Universidade De Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R. Gomes
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (Divav), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J. Matos
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (Divav), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade De Ciências, Universidade De Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. Gomes
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (Divav), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - N.M. Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (Divav), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C. Cardoso
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (Divav), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Ahola HG, Sontag-Strohm TS, Schulman AH, Tanhuanpää P, Viitala S, Huang X. Immunochemical analysis of oat avenins in an oat cultivar and landrace collection. J Cereal Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Gavrilova K, Bychkov A, Bychkova E, Akimenko Z, Chernonosov A, Kalambet Y, Lomovskii O. Mechanically activated hydrolysis of plant-derived proteins in food industry. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2019. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2019-2-255-263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A poor consumption of important nutrients triggered a public interest in functional foods that contain easy-to-digest proteins. The present research features fractionation, mechanical activation, and enzymatic hydrolysis of pea protein. According to modern chemical methods, the protein content in the original pea biomass was 24.3% and its molecular weight distribution (MWD) was 5–135 kDa. Fractionation, or protein displacement, resulted in four fractions of biopolymers with different chemical composition, i.e. a different content of protein and carbohydrate molecules. The paper introduces some data on the enzymatic transformations of the substrate. A set of experiments made it possible to define the optimal conditions for the mechanical activation of pea biomass with proteolytic enzymes. The enzymes were obtained from Protosubtilin G3x, a complex enzyme preparation. When the substrate and the enzymes were mechanically activated together, it produced mechanocomposite, an intermediate product with increased reactivity. It increased the specific surface area by 3.2 times and doubled the crystallinity of the substrate. As a result, the rate and yield of the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis increased from 18% to 61%. The study determined the capacity of the substrate in relation to the enzyme preparation. Under optimal conditions, the pea hydrolysis destroyed protein molecules within two hours. After four hours of hydrolysis, no changes were detected. A polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed non-hydrolysed protein molecules with MW ≈ 20 kDa. Presumably, they corresponded with legumin, which is resistant to neutral and alkaline proteases. The resulting hydrolysates were spray-dried to test their potential use as a food component. The product obtained by spray-drying had a monomodal distribution of particle sizes of spherical shape with adiameter of 5–20 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Gavrilova
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - Aleksey Bychkov
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk State Technical University
| | | | - Zoya Akimenko
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Aleksandr Chernonosov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | | | - Oleg Lomovskii
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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Long J, Wang F, Jiao A, Xu X, Xie Z, Jin Z. Preparation, characterization and physicochemical properties of novel low-phosphorus egg yolk protein. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1740-1747. [PMID: 30226268 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to supply adequate dietary protein for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients while simultaneously controlling phosphorus intake, a novel method was developed for the preparation of low-phosphorus egg yolk protein (LPYP) using alkaline protease auxiliary dephosphorization. In addition, the physicochemical properties of LPYP were studied. RESULTS In comparison with raw egg yolk protein (RYP) and defatted egg yolk protein (DFYP), LPYP was found to exhibit differences in amino acid (AA) composition, protein secondary structure, surface hydrophobicity, solubility and emulsion stability. It was observed that dephosphorization improved the AA composition, soluble protein content and dissolution stability of egg yolk protein. In addition, phosphate groups were found to impose a critical influence on the emulsion stability and particle size distribution. The final phosphorus to protein mass ratio (P/Pro) of LPYP was 5.64, which met the requirements of a protein diet for CKD patients. The FAO/WHO mode closeness and stability coefficient were 0.958 and 98.62% respectively. CONCLUSION LPYP can be effectively obtained by alkaline protease hydrolysis and subsequent alkali dephosphorization. The prepared LPYP can be considered to be a type of safe and suitable protein resource for CKD patients. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Long
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Aiquan Jiao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengjun Xie
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Krul ES. Calculation of Nitrogen‐to‐Protein Conversion Factors: A Review with a Focus on Soy Protein. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine S. Krul
- PresidentEKSci, LLC 594 Gederson Lane, Saint Louis MO 63122 USA
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Olsson J, Schwede S, Nehrenheim E, Thorin E. Microalgae as biological treatment for municipal wastewater - effects on the sludge handling in a treatment plant. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:644-654. [PMID: 30208005 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A mix of microalgae and bacteria was cultivated on pre-sedimented municipal wastewater in a continuous operated microalgae-activated sludge process. The excess material from the process was co-digested with primary sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions in semi-continuous mode (5 L digesters). Two reference digesters (5 L digesters) fed with waste-activated sludge (WAS) and primary sludge were operated in parallel. The methane yield was slightly reduced (≈10%) when the microalgal-bacterial substrate was used in place of the WAS in thermophilic conditions, but remained approximately similar in mesophilic conditions. The uptake of heavy metals was higher with the microalgal-bacterial substrate in comparison to the WAS, which resulted in higher levels of heavy metals in the digestates. The addition of microalgal-bacterial substrate enhanced the dewaterability in thermophilic conditions. Finally, excess heat can be recovered in both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Olsson
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
| | - S Schwede
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
| | - E Nehrenheim
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
| | - E Thorin
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
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Czaja T, Baranowska M, Mazurek S, Szostak R. Determination of nutritional parameters of yoghurts by FT Raman spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 196:413-417. [PMID: 29499570 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
FT-Raman quantitative analysis of nutritional parameters of yoghurts was performed with the help of partial least squares models. The relative standard errors of prediction for fat, lactose and protein determination in the quantified commercial samples equalled to 3.9, 3.2 and 3.6%, respectively. Models based on attenuated total reflectance spectra of the liquid yoghurt samples and of dried yoghurt films collected with the single reflection diamond accessory showed relative standard errors of prediction values of 1.6-5.0% and 2.7-5.2%, respectively, for the analysed components. Despite a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio in the obtained spectra, Raman spectroscopy, combined with chemometrics, constitutes a fast and powerful tool for macronutrients quantification in yoghurts. Errors received for attenuated total reflectance method were found to be relatively higher than those for Raman spectroscopy due to inhomogeneity of the analysed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Czaja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maria Baranowska
- Chair of Dairy Science and Quality Management, University of Warmia and Mazury, 7 Oczapowskiego, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwester Mazurek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
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Rébufa C, Pany I, Bombarda I. NIR spectroscopy for the quality control of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) leaf powders: Prediction of minerals, protein and moisture contents. Food Chem 2018; 261:311-321. [PMID: 29739599 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A rapid methodology was developed to simultaneously predict water content and activity values (aw) of Moringa oleifera leaf powders (MOLP) using near infrared (NIR) signatures and experimental sorption isotherms. NIR spectra of MOLP samples (n = 181) were recorded. A Partial Least Square Regression model (PLS2) was obtained with low standard errors of prediction (SEP of 1.8% and 0.07 for water content and aw respectively). Experimental sorption isotherms obtained at 20, 30 and 40 °C showed similar profiles. This result is particularly important to use MOLP in food industry. In fact, a temperature variation of the drying process will not affect their available water content (self-life). Nutrient contents based on protein and selected minerals (Ca, Fe, K) were also predicted from PLS1 models. Protein contents were well predicted (SEP of 2.3%). This methodology allowed for an improvement in MOLP safety, quality control and traceability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Rébufa
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille, France.
| | - Inès Pany
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Bombarda
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille, France
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Wolf M, Gasparin BC, Paulino AT. Hydrolysis of lactose using β-d-galactosidase immobilized in a modified Arabic gum-based hydrogel for the production of lactose-free/low-lactose milk. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:157-164. [PMID: 29654861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
β-d-galactosidase was immobilized in a modified Arabic gum-based hydrogel for the hydrolysis of standard lactose and lactose contained in UHT milk with the aim of producing lactose-free/low-lactose milk. The hydrogel was synthesized by cross-linking the modified Arabic gum with acrylamide, using potassium persulfate as initiator. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of the hydrogel and its three-dimensional porous network. Swelling degrees in distilled water, drinking water, phosphate buffer solution at pH7.0 and acetate buffer solution at pH4.0 were 12.56 and 17.72, 10.65 and 12.58, 8.58 and 10.71, and 6.49 and 8.16g water per g dried hydrogel at room temperature and 37.0±1.0°C, respectively. The immobilization capacities of β-d-galactosidase in acetate and phosphate buffer solutions at room temperature were 242.52±0.13 and 118.42±0.23mg enzyme per g dried hydrogel, respectively, after 1440min of contact. Higher enzymatic activities were found after immobilization in phosphate buffer solution due to the isoelectric point of β-d-galactosidase. Hydrolysis of standard lactose and lactose contained in UHT milk was more efficient using immobilized β-d-galactosidase than free β-d-galactosidase. Immobilized β-d-galactosidase was applied for three cycles of hydrolysis of lactose without significantly losing enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Wolf
- Santa Catarina State University, Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Br 282, Km 574, CEP: 89870-000, Pinhalzinho - SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna Carla Gasparin
- Santa Catarina State University, Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Br 282, Km 574, CEP: 89870-000, Pinhalzinho - SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Tadeu Paulino
- Santa Catarina State University, Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Br 282, Km 574, CEP: 89870-000, Pinhalzinho - SC, Brazil.
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Olsson J, Forkman T, Gentili FG, Zambrano J, Schwede S, Thorin E, Nehrenheim E. Anaerobic co-digestion of sludge and microalgae grown in municipal wastewater - a feasibility study. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:682-694. [PMID: 29431713 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study a natural mix of microalgae grown in wastewater of municipal character was co-digested with sewage sludge in mesophilic conditions, in both batch and semi-continuous modes. The semi-continuous experiment was divided into two periods with OLR1 (organic loading rate) of 2.4 kg volatile solids (VS) m-3 d-1 and HRT1 (hydraulic retention time) of 15 days, and OLR2 of 3.5 kg VS m-3 d-1 and HRT2 of 10 days, respectively. Results showed stable conditions during both periods. The methane yield was reduced when adding microalgae (from 200 ± 25 NmL CH4 g VSin-1, to 168 ± 22 NmL CH4 g VSin-1) but VS reduction was also decreased by 51%. This low digestibility was confirmed in the anaerobic batch test. However, adding microalgae improved the dewaterability of the digested sludge. The high heavy metals content in the microalgae resulted in a high heavy metals content in the digestate, making it more difficult to reuse the digestate as fertilizer on arable land. The heavy metals are thought to originate from the flue gas used as a CO2 source during the microalgae cultivation. Therefore the implementation of CO2 mitigation via algal cultivation requires careful consideration regarding the source of the CO2-rich gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Olsson
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
| | - T Forkman
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms väg 9, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F G Gentili
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Zambrano
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
| | - S Schwede
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
| | - E Thorin
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
| | - E Nehrenheim
- School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, P.O. Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden E-mail:
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Calabrò PS, Catalán E, Folino A, Sánchez A, Komilis D. Effect of three pretreatment techniques on the chemical composition and on the methane yields of Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear) biomass. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2018; 36:17-29. [PMID: 29132258 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x17741193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) is an emerging biomass that has the potential to be used as substrate in anaerobic digestion. The goal of this work was to investigate the effect of three pretreatment techniques (thermal, alkaline, acidic) on the chemical composition and the methane yield of OFI biomass. A composite experimental design with three factors and two to three levels was implemented, and regression modelling was employed using a total of 10 biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests. The measured methane yields ranged from 289 to 604 NmL/gVSadded; according to the results, only the acidic pretreatment (HCl) was found to significantly increase methane generation. However, as the experimental values were quite high with regards to the theoretical methane yield of the substrate, this effect still needs to be confirmed via further research. The alkaline pretreatment (NaOH) did not noticeably affect methane yields (an average reduction of 8% was recorded), despite the fact that it did significantly reduce the lignin content. Thermal pretreatment had no effect on the methane yields or the chemical composition. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed changes in the chemical structure after the addition of NaOH and HCl. Modelling of the cumulated methane production by the Gompertz modified equation was successful and aided in understanding kinetic advantages linked to some of the pretreatments. For example, the alkaline treatment (at the 20% dosage) at room temperature resulted to a μmax (maximum specific methane production rate [NmLCH4/(gVSadded·d)]) equal to 36.3 against 18.6 for the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Calabrò
- 1 Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, dell'Energia, dell'Ambiente e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - E Catalán
- 2 Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Folino
- 1 Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, dell'Energia, dell'Ambiente e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - A Sánchez
- 2 Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Komilis
- 2 Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
- 3 Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
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Asaro NJ, Guevara MA, Berendt K, Zijlstra R, Shoveller AK. Digestibility Is Similar between Commercial Diets That Provide Ingredients with Different Perceived Glycemic Responses and the Inaccuracy of Using the Modified Atwater Calculation to Calculate Metabolizable Energy. Vet Sci 2017; 4:vetsci4040054. [PMID: 29117110 PMCID: PMC5753634 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci4040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary starch is required for a dry, extruded kibble; the most common diet type for domesticated felines in North America. However, the amount and source of dietary starch may affect digestibility and metabolism of other macronutrients. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of 3 commercial cat diets on in vivo and in vitro energy and macronutrient digestibility, and to analyze the accuracy of the modified Atwater equation. Dietary treatments differed in their perceived glycemic response (PGR) based on ingredient composition and carbohydrate content (34.1, 29.5, and 23.6% nitrogen-free extract for High, Medium, and LowPGR, respectively). A replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design was used, with 3 diets and 3 periods. In vivo apparent protein, fat, and organic matter digestibility differed among diets, while apparent dry matter digestibility did not. Cats were able to efficiently digest and absorb macronutrients from all diets. Furthermore, the modified Atwater equation underestimated measured metabolizable energy by approximately 12%. Thus, the modified Atwater equation does not accurately determine the metabolizable energy of high quality feline diets. Further research should focus on understanding carbohydrate metabolism in cats, and establishing an equation that accurately predicts the metabolizable energy of feline diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Asaro
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Marcial A Guevara
- The Iams Company, MARS Pet Care, 6571 OH-503 North, Lewisburg, OH 45338, USA.
| | - Kimberley Berendt
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | - Ruurd Zijlstra
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | - Anna K Shoveller
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
- The Iams Company, MARS Pet Care, 6571 OH-503 North, Lewisburg, OH 45338, USA.
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Stabler D, Power EF, Borland AM, Barnes JD, Wright GA. A method for analysing small samples of floral pollen for free and protein-bound amino acids. Methods Ecol Evol 2017; 9:430-438. [PMID: 29576862 PMCID: PMC5856064 DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pollen provides floral visitors with essential nutrients including proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals. As an important nutrient resource for pollinators, including honeybees and bumblebees, pollen quality is of growing interest in assessing available nutrition to foraging bees. To date, quantifying the protein-bound amino acids in pollen has been difficult and methods rely on large amounts of pollen, typically more than 1 g. More usual is to estimate a crude protein value based on the nitrogen content of pollen, however, such methods provide no information on the distribution of essential and non-essential amino acids constituting the proteins.Here, we describe a method of microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis using low amounts of pollen that allows exploration of amino acid composition, quantified using ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), and a back calculation to estimate the crude protein content of pollen.Reliable analysis of protein-bound and free amino acids as well as an estimation of crude protein concentration was obtained from pollen samples as low as 1 mg. Greater variation in both protein-bound and free amino acids was found in pollen sample sizes <1 mg. Due to the variability in recovery of amino acids in smaller sample sizes, we suggest a correction factor to apply to specific sample sizes of pollen in order to estimate total crude protein content.The method described in this paper will allow researchers to explore the composition of amino acids in pollen and will aid research assessing the available nutrition to pollinating animals. This method will be particularly useful in assaying the pollen of wild plants, from which it is difficult to obtain large sample weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stabler
- Institute of Neuroscience Henry Wellcome Building for Neuroecology Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Eileen F Power
- Institute of Neuroscience Henry Wellcome Building for Neuroecology Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK.,School of Natural Sciences Trinity College Dublin D2 Ireland
| | - Anne M Borland
- School of Biology Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Jeremy D Barnes
- School of Biology Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Geraldine A Wright
- Institute of Neuroscience Henry Wellcome Building for Neuroecology Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
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Liland NS, Biancarosa I, Araujo P, Biemans D, Bruckner CG, Waagbø R, Torstensen BE, Lock EJ. Modulation of nutrient composition of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae by feeding seaweed-enriched media. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183188. [PMID: 28837591 PMCID: PMC5570497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae are a promising source of protein and lipid for animal feeds. The nutritional composition of the BSF larvae depend partly on the composition of the feeding medium. The BSF lipid profile in part mimics the feeding media lipid profile, and micronutrients, like minerals and vitamins, can readily accumulate in black soldier fly larvae. However, investigative studies on bioconversion and accumulation of nutrients from media to black soldier fly larvae are scarce. Here we show that inclusion of the brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum in the substrate for black soldier fly larvae can introduce valuable nutrients, commonly associated with the marine environment, into the larvae. The omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), iodine and vitamin E concentrations increased in the larvae when more seaweed was included in the diet. When the feeding media consisted of more than 50% seaweed, the larvae experienced poorer growth, lower nutrient retention and lower lipid levels, compared to a pure plant based feeding medium. Our results confirm the plasticity of the nutritional make-up of black soldier fly larvae, allowing it to accumulate both lipid- and water-soluble compounds. A broader understanding of the effect of the composition of the feeding media on the larvae composition can help to tailor black soldier fly larvae into a nutrient profile more suited for specific feed or food purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina S. Liland
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Irene Biancarosa
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pedro Araujo
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daan Biemans
- Protix Biosystems BV, Industriestraat 3, Dongen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rune Waagbø
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Erik-Jan Lock
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
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Yan BH, Selvam A, Wong JWC. Innovative method for increased methane recovery from two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste through reutilization of acidogenic off-gas in methanogenic reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 217:3-9. [PMID: 27039352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the performance of a two-phase anaerobic digestion reactor treating food waste with the reutilization of acidogenic off-gas was investigated with the objective to improve the hydrogen availability for the methanogenic reactor. As a comparison a treatment without off-gas reutilization was also set up. Results showed that acidogenic off-gas utilization in the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor increased the methane recovery up to 38.6%. In addition, a 27% increase in the production of cumulative chemical oxygen demand (COD) together with an improved soluble microbial products recovery dominated by butyrate was observed in the acidogenic leach bed reactor (LBR) with off-gas reutilization. Of the increased methane recovery, ∼8% was contributed by the utilization of acidogenic off-gas in UASB. Results indicated that utilization of acidogenic off-gas in methanogenic reactor is a viable technique for improving overall methane recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hua Yan
- Lab of Waste Valorisation and Water Reuse, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ammaiyappan Selvam
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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39
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Matassa S, Verstraete W, Pikaar I, Boon N. Autotrophic nitrogen assimilation and carbon capture for microbial protein production by a novel enrichment of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 101:137-146. [PMID: 27262118 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Domestic used water treatment systems are currently predominantly based on conventional resource inefficient treatment processes. While resource recovery is gaining momentum it lacks high value end-products which can be efficiently marketed. Microbial protein production offers a valid and promising alternative by upgrading low value recovered resources into high quality feed and also food. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria to upgrade ammonium and carbon dioxide under autotrophic growth conditions. The enrichment of a generic microbial community and the implementation of different culture conditions (sequenced batch resp. continuous reactor) revealed surprising features. At low selection pressure (i.e. under sequenced batch culture at high solid retention time), a very diverse microbiome with an important presence of predatory Bdellovibrio spp. was observed. The microbial culture which evolved under high rate selection pressure (i.e. dilution rate D = 0.1 h(-1)) under continuous reactor conditions was dominated by Sulfuricurvum spp. and a highly stable and efficient process in terms of N and C uptake, biomass yield and volumetric productivity was attained. Under continuous culture conditions the maximum yield obtained was 0.29 g cell dry weight per gram chemical oxygen demand equivalent of hydrogen, whereas the maximum volumetric loading rate peaked 0.41 g cell dry weight per litre per hour at a protein content of 71%. Finally, the microbial protein produced was of high nutritive quality in terms of essential amino acids content and can be a suitable substitute for conventional feed sources such as fishmeal or soybean meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Matassa
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium; Avecom NV, Industrieweg 122P, 9032, Wondelgem, Belgium
| | - Willy Verstraete
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium; Avecom NV, Industrieweg 122P, 9032, Wondelgem, Belgium
| | - Ilje Pikaar
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
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Černíková M, Gál R, Polášek Z, Janíček M, Pachlová V, Buňka F. Comparison of the nutrient composition, biogenic amines and selected functional parameters of meat from different parts of Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus). J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Assessment of Pb and Cd in seed oils and meals and methodology of their extraction. Food Chem 2015; 197:482-8. [PMID: 26616978 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oil seed, which is a secondary product in phytoremediation, contaminated with heavy metals should be disposed of in an appropriate fashion. In this study, heavy metal concentrations found in oilseed rape and peanut oils were below 0.1 mg kg(-1) after extractions, being found most of the heavy metals in meals rather in oils. Extraction experiments were carried out to determine the optimum methodology for the removal of Pb and Cd from seed meals using K3C6H5O7, K2C4H4O6 and (NH4)2EDTA. The highest extraction of the Pb and Cd in the seed meals was achieved using 30 mM extractant solutions at 30°C for 24 h and a three-step extraction procedure. K3C6H5O7 and K2C4H4O6 had less impact on the removal of nutrients than (NH4)2EDTA.
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42
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Imamoglu H, Pehlivanoglu H, Nazlı B, Cakir B. Characteristic properties of Muhlama. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Husniye Imamoglu
- Food Engineering; Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University; Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Bulent Nazlı
- Food Engineering; Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Bilal Cakir
- Food Engineering; Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University; Istanbul Turkey
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43
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Benito-Román Ó, Alvarez VH, Alonso E, Cocero MJ, Saldaña MD. Pressurized aqueous ethanol extraction of β-glucans and phenolic compounds from waxy barley. Food Res Int 2015; 75:252-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Facin BR, Moret B, Baretta D, Belfiore LA, Paulino AT. Immobilization and controlled release of β-galactosidase from chitosan-grafted hydrogels. Food Chem 2015; 179:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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45
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Kent M, Welladsen HM, Mangott A, Li Y. Nutritional evaluation of Australian microalgae as potential human health supplements. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118985. [PMID: 25723496 PMCID: PMC4344213 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the biochemical suitability of Australian native microalgal species Scenedesmus sp., Nannochloropsis sp., Dunaliella sp., and a chlorophytic polyculture as nutritional supplements for human health. The four microalgal cultures were harvested during exponential growth, lyophilized, and analysed for proximate composition (moisture, ash, lipid, carbohydrates, and protein), pigments, and amino acid and fatty acid profiles. The resulting nutritional value, based on biochemical composition, was compared to commercial Spirulina and Chlorella products. The Australian native microalgae exhibited similar, and in several cases superior, organic nutritional properties relative to the assessed commercial products, with biochemical profiles rich in high-quality protein, nutritious polyunsaturated fats (such as α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid), and antioxidant pigments. These findings indicate that the microalgae assessed have great potential as multi-nutrient human health supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Kent
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Heather M. Welladsen
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Arnold Mangott
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- MBD Energy Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yan Li
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- * E-mail:
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46
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Olsson J, Feng XM, Ascue J, Gentili FG, Shabiimam MA, Nehrenheim E, Thorin E. Co-digestion of cultivated microalgae and sewage sludge from municipal waste water treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 171:203-210. [PMID: 25203227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study two wet microalgae cultures and one dried microalgae culture were co-digested in different proportions with sewage sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The aim was to evaluate if the co-digestion could lead to an increased efficiency of methane production compared to digestion of sewage sludge alone. The results showed that co-digestion with both wet and dried microalgae, in certain proportions, increased the biochemical methane potential (BMP) compared with digestion of sewage sludge alone in mesophilic conditions. The BMP was significantly higher than the calculated BMP in many of the mixtures. This synergetic effect was statistically significant in a mixture containing 63% (w/w VS based) undigested sewage sludge and 37% (w/w VS based) wet algae slurry, which produced 23% more methane than observed with undigested sewage sludge alone. The trend was that thermophilic co-digestion of microalgae and undigested sewage sludge did not give the same synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Olsson
- The School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden.
| | - Xin Mei Feng
- JTI - Swedish Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Box 7033, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johnny Ascue
- JTI - Swedish Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Box 7033, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Francesco G Gentili
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - M A Shabiimam
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Emma Nehrenheim
- The School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden
| | - Eva Thorin
- The School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Box 883, SE-721 23 Västerås, Sweden
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Yang Q, Liu S, Sun J, Yu L, Zhang C, Bi J, Yang Z. Nutritional composition and protein quality of the edible beetle Holotrichia parallela. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2014; 14:139. [PMID: 25347830 PMCID: PMC4684676 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The adult edible beetle Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) represents a traditional food source in China. Based on nutritional analyses, adult H. parallela is high in protein (70%) and minerals and low in fat. H. parallela contained approximately 10% chitin; the corrected protein content was 66%. Oleic acid and linoleic acid were the most abundant fatty acids. Of the total amino acids in H. parallela, 47.4% were essential amino acids. The amino acid scores were 87 and 100, based on the corrected crude and net protein contents, respectively; threonine was the limiting amino acid. In vitro protein digestibility was 78%, and the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score was 89 based on the net protein content. Adult H. parallela may be a potential source of proteins and minerals for humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Yang
- Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China Shandong Peanut Research Institute, No. 126 Fushan Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofang Liu
- Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sun
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, No. 126 Fushan Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Yu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, No. 126 Fushan Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chushu Zhang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, No. 126 Fushan Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Bi
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, No. 126 Fushan Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, No. 126 Fushan Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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48
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Lai TNH, André C, Rogez H, Mignolet E, Nguyen TBT, Larondelle Y. Nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of the sim fruit (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa). Food Chem 2014; 168:410-6. [PMID: 25172728 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, detailed chemical properties of sim (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk.) fruit including nutritional composition, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were determined for the first time. A 150g serving of sim fruit contained high levels of dietary fibre (69.94-87.43% of Recommended Daily Intake (RDI)), α-tocopherol (38.90-51.87% RDI), manganese (>100% RDI), and copper (44.44% RDI) but low levels of protein (2.63% RDI), lipid (1.59-3.5% RDI), and sugars (5.65% RDI). The predominant fatty acid in the sim fruit sample was linoleic acid (75.36% of total fatty acids). Interestingly, total phenolics (49.21±0.35mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight (DW)) were particularly high and resulted in a high antioxidant capacity (431.17±14.56μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g DW). These results, together with our recent discovery of high amount of piceatannol, a stilbene with potent biological activities, highlight the potential of sim, an under-utilised plant species from South-East Asia, as a new source of health-promoting compounds including dietary fibres, essential fatty acids, and phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Ha Lai
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, UCLouvain, Belgium; Faculty of Food Sciences and Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Viet Nam
| | - Christelle André
- Centre de Recherche Public-Gabriel Lippmann, Department "Environment and Agro-biotechnologies", Luxembourg.
| | - Hervé Rogez
- Centre for Agro-food Valorisation of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA), Universidade Federal do Para, Brazil
| | | | - Thi Bich Thuy Nguyen
- Faculty of Food Sciences and Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Viet Nam
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Mišurcová L, Buňka F, Vávra Ambrožová J, Machů L, Samek D, Kráčmar S. Amino acid composition of algal products and its contribution to RDI. Food Chem 2014; 151:120-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Sáez-Plaza P, Michałowski T, Navas MJ, Asuero AG, Wybraniec S. An Overview of the Kjeldahl Method of Nitrogen Determination. Part I. Early History, Chemistry of the Procedure, and Titrimetric Finish. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2012.751786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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