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Ouyang L, Lin H, Zhuang P, Shao Y, Khosravifarsani M, Guérin B, Zheng Y, Sanche L. DNA radiosensitization by terpyridine-platinum: damage induced by 5 and 10 eV transient anions. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3230-3242. [PMID: 36722902 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05403e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemoradiation therapy (CRT), which combines a chemotherapeutic drug with ionizing radiation (IR), is the most common cancer treatment. At the molecular level, the binding of Pt-drugs to DNA sensitizes cancer cells to IR, mostly by increasing the damage induced by secondary low-energy (0-20 eV) electrons (LEEs). We investigate such enhancements by binding terpyridine-platinum (Tpy-Pt) to supercoiled plasmid DNA. Fifteen nanometer thick films of Tpy-Pt-DNA complexes in a molar ratio of 5 : 1 were irradiated with monoenergetic electrons of 5 and 10 eV, which principally attach to the DNA bases to form transient anions (TAs) decaying into a multitude of bond-breaking channels. At both energies, the effective yields of crosslinks (CLs), base damage (BD) related CLs, single and double strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs), non-DSB-cluster lesions, loss of supercoiled configuration and base lesions are 6.5 ± 1.5, 8.8± 3.0, 88 ± 11, 5.3 ± 1.3, 9.6 ± 2.2, 106 ± 17, 189 ± 31 × 10-15 per electron per molecule, and 11.9 ± 2.6, 19.9 ± 4.4, 128 ± 18, 7.7 ± 3.0, 13.4 ± 3.9, 144 ± 19, 229 ± 42 × 10-15 per electron per molecule, respectively. DNA damage increased 1.2-4.2-fold due to Tpy-Pt, the highest being for BD-related CLs. These enhancements are slightly higher than those obtained by the conventional Pt-drugs cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, apart from BD-related CLs, which are about 3 times higher. Enhancements are related to the strong perturbation of the DNA helix by Tpy-Pt, its high dipole moment and its favorable binding to guanine (G), all of which increase bond-breaking via TA formation. In CRT, Tpy-Pt could considerably enhance crosslinking within genomic DNA and between DNA and other components of the nucleus, causing roadblocks to replication and transcription, particularly within telomeres, where it binds preferentially within G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangde Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Puxiang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Yu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Meysam Khosravifarsani
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
| | - Brigitte Guérin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
| | - Léon Sanche
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
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Jain VS, Virkar M, Sarje MB, Waghmare CM, Patel S, Jain SM. Concurrent chemotherapy with high-dose rate brachytherapy after treatment with chemoradiotherapy in cases of locally advanced carcinoma cervix: A study from rural area of Maharashtra, India. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:1572-1577. [PMID: 36412413 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_507_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Aim This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, feasibility, tolerability, and toxicity of concurrent chemotherapy and brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Materials and Methods Forty patients of cervical carcinoma were included in this study. The study period ranges from October 2016 to September 2019. Patients were evaluated and treated as per the protocol: external beam radiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions) and concurrent weekly chemotherapy with injection (Inj.) cisplatin (30 mg/m2) followed by high-dose rate brachytherapy (3 fractions of 7 Gy each) and concurrent chemotherapy Inj. cisplatin (30 mg/m2). Results Out of 40 patients enrolled in the study, 36 patients completed the treatment (17 Stage II and 19 Stage III). The incidence of Grade I and II skin toxicities were 78% and 10%, respectively. The incidence of genitourinary toxicities with respect to Grade I and II were 72% and 12%, respectively. There were Grade III hematological toxicities in two patients and the brachytherapy treatment was delayed for 4-6 days. The overall complete response was found in 28 (78%) patients, partial response in six (16.7%) patients, and progressive disease in two (5.6%) patients at 3 months of follow-up. On the last follow-up, 21 (58%) patients were disease-free and there was disease failure in seven patients (5 local recurrence and 2 with distant metastasis). Conclusion Brachytherapy with the addition of concurrent chemotherapy is effective and feasible with acceptable toxicity for advanced stages of carcinoma cervix. This study upholds an interesting approach that can be regarded as feasible and tolerable for cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Shailendra Jain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rural Medical College, PIMS, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayuresh Virkar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rural Medical College, PIMS, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mukund B Sarje
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rural Medical College, PIMS, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chaitali M Waghmare
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rural Medical College, PIMS, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanandan Patel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Rural Medical College, PIMS, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailendra Mohan Jain
- Department of Microbiology, Rural Medical College, PIMS, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
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Steber CR, Russell GB, Rush MC, Shenker RF, Frizzell BA, Greven KM, Hughes RT. Timing of radiotherapy and chemotherapy start for patients treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiation for head and neck cancer. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:987-993. [PMID: 35695175 PMCID: PMC9993330 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2022.2086441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ideal timing for the initiation of chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) in the use of definitive chemoradiation (CRT) for patients with head and neck cancer is not well established. We sought to evaluate the impact of the timing of initiating these two modalities on clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck who were treated using definitive chemoradiation from 2012 to 2018 were identified. Patients undergoing re-irradiation, post-op CRT, had recurrent or second primaries, or ECOG 3-4 were excluded. Outcomes including locoregional control (LRC), distant control (DC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were estimated and compared between subgroups of the cohort based on the timing in which chemotherapy or RT were initiated: chemotherapy first, same day start, within 24 h, or start on Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday. RESULTS A total of 131 patients were included for analysis consisting of oropharynx (64%), larynx (22.9%), nasopharynx (6.9%), hypopharynx (3.1%), oral cavity (1.5%), and unknown primary (1.5%). Chemotherapy was administered as bolus cisplatin every 3 weeks in 40% of patients and weekly cisplatin in 60% with a median cumulative dose of 240 mg/m2. In the multivariable analysis (MVA), starting chemotherapy before RT was associated with improved LRC (HR 0.33, 95% CI: 0.11-0.99). Three-year LRC for patients starting chemotherapy first was 90.9% compared to 78.2% in those starting RT first. In the MVA, cisplatin regimen and cumulative cisplatin dose were associated with improved OS, while no factors were significantly associated with DC or PFS. CONCLUSION Starting chemotherapy prior to radiation therapy improves LRC, but did not impact DC, PFS, or OS. Clinical outcomes were not different when stratifying by the other differences in the timing of initiating chemotherapy or RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole R Steber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Gregory B Russell
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marie C Rush
- Department of Pharmacy, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rachel F Shenker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bart A Frizzell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn M Greven
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ryan T Hughes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
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The dogma of Cetuximab and Radiotherapy in head and neck cancer – A dawn to dusk journey. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2022; 34:75-81. [PMID: 35356388 PMCID: PMC8958314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab is routinely used in the radical treatment of head and neck cancers. Results of many important studies are out now and are not encouraging. Routine use of Cetuximab in this setting has to be re-evaluated again.
Since the introduction of Cetuximab as a biological molecule against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), its use in the cancers of head and neck region is widely explored. With the recognition that EGFR expression is associated with radioresistance and poor prognosis, incorporation of an anti-EGFR agent along with Radiotherapy (RT) is a logical and attractive option. Cetuximab in combination with RT as Bio-Radiotherapy (BRT) is considered one of the standard treatment modalities in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancers (LA-HNSCC). Many important phase-III clinical trials were undertaken simultaneously, where the use of Cetuximab BRT was tested in various clinical scenarios with different hypothesis. With the studies still ongoing and the results awaited, its use was continued in clinical practice. Today the results are out and definitely not encouraging. After the initial success, Cetuximab has miserably failed to win over cisplatin based chemoradiation which is the current standard of care in LA-HNSCC. Hence, it is the need of the hour to re-evaluate and define the present role of Cetuximab in the definitive management of LA-HNSCC in the light of the latest clinical evidence..
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Ai X, Qiu B, Zhou Y, Li S, Li Q, Huan J, Li J, Hu N, Chen N, Liu F, Wang D, Chu C, Wang B, Chen L, Jiang H, Huang S, Huang X, Bi N, Liu H. Comparison and quantification of different concurrent chemotherapy regimens with radiotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Clinical outcomes and theoretical results from an extended LQ and TCP model. Radiother Oncol 2021; 167:34-41. [PMID: 34890734 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a new radiobiological model and compare the efficacy of four concurrent chemotherapy regimens administered with radiotherapy in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LANSCLC) by in-field locoregional progression-free survival (LPFS). MATERIALS AND METHODS 151 LANSCLC patients were reviewed and divided into 5 groups according to their concurrent chemotherapy regimens, including 24 patients treated with radiotherapy alone, 30 treated with concurrent 4-week etoposide-cisplatin (EP), 26 with 3-week pemetrexed-cisplatin (AP), 37 with weekly paclitaxel-cisplatin (TP) and 34 with weekly docetaxel-cisplatin (DP). In-field LPFS and toxicities were compared among groups. A novel tumor control probability (TCP) model, LQRGC, incorporating four "R"s of radiobiology, Gompertzian tumor growth and chemotherapeutic effect, was related to in-field LPFS. Chemo-induced biologically effective doses (BEDs) in LQRGC/TCP model were used to quantify the concurrent chemotherapeutic efficacy. RESULTS The median follow-up time was 54.5 months. The weekly DP and 4-week EP groups had favorable median in-field LPFS (EP:46.2 months, AP:30.3 months, TP:12.2 months, DP: not reached, radiotherapy alone: 12.2 months, p = 0.001). The 4-week EP group had a higher incidence of ≥grade 3 leukopenia (EP:76.7%, AP:15.4%, TP:24.3%, DP:14.7%, radiotherapy alone: 12.5%, p < 0.001) than the other four. The LQRGC/TCP model fitted well with the in-field LPFS with the average absolute and relative fitting errors of 6.36% and 12.12%. The chemo-induced BEDs of EP, AP, TP and DP were 5.17, 0.63, 1.89 and 2.52 Gy, respectively. CONCLUSION The LQRGC/TCP model achieved promising fitting accuracy for in-field LPFS. As quantified by the model, the 4-week EP and weekly DP showed higher chemo-induced BEDs when concurrently administered with radiotherapy in LANSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinLei Ai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bo Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Lung Cancer Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Association Study of Thoracic Oncology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Evidance Medical Technologies Inc., Suzhou, PR China
| | - Su Li
- Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - QiWen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Lung Cancer Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Association Study of Thoracic Oncology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Huan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - JiBin Li
- Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - NaiBin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - FangJie Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - DaQuan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chu Chu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - HaiHang Jiang
- Homology Medical Technologies Inc., Ningbo, PR China
| | - ShiYu Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chengdu Western Hospital, Chengdu, PR China
| | - XiaoYan Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Nan Bi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Lung Cancer Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Association Study of Thoracic Oncology, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Mbarki I, Randriamarosona N, Agbanglanon P, Touimi SH, Elkacemi H, Kebdani T, Elmajjaoui S, Benjaafar N. Evaluation of tumor response three months after concomitant chemoradiotherapy with high dose rate brachytherapy as a definitive treatment modality for locally advanced cervical cancer. Bull Cancer 2021; 109:280-286. [PMID: 34776119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiotherapy remains an essential part of the management of locally advanced cervical cancer. Post-treatment surveillance allows for tumor response assessment and early detection of progressive prosecutions or local recurrences that may benefit from salvage treatment. The objective of this work is to assess the effectiveness of this therapeutic modality. MATERIALS METHODS This is a retrospective study of 69 patients treated with concomitant radiation chemotherapy followed by high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy. The tumor response was assessed by gynecologic physical examination at three months after the end of treatment. RESULTS Median age of patients is 54.9 years (33-78 years). The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma (89.9%). The average dose received during external radiotherapy is 52.2Gy (46-60Gy). The average dose received during brachytherapy is 27.5Gy (18-28Gy). Three months after completion of treatment, 95.6% of patients had complete tumor remission, and only 4.4% had a tumor residue of 1cm. CONCLUSION Radiation chemotherapy with brachytherapy allows for improved short-term local control in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Mbarki
- Mohammed V University of Rabat, National Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Norosoa Randriamarosona
- Mohammed V University of Rabat, National Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Patricia Agbanglanon
- Mohammed V University of Rabat, National Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samia Hajar Touimi
- Mohammed V University of Rabat, National Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanan Elkacemi
- Mohammed V University of Rabat, National Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Tayeb Kebdani
- Mohammed V University of Rabat, National Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sanaa Elmajjaoui
- Mohammed V University of Rabat, National Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Noureddine Benjaafar
- Mohammed V University of Rabat, National Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
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Węgierek-Ciuk A, Lankoff A, Lisowska H, Kędzierawski P, Akuwudike P, Lundholm L, Wojcik A. Cisplatin Reduces the Frequencies of Radiotherapy-Induced Micronuclei in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Patients with Gynaecological Cancer: Possible Implications for the Risk of Second Malignant Neoplasms. Cells 2021; 10:2709. [PMID: 34685687 PMCID: PMC8534481 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynaecologic cancers are common among women and treatment includes surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, where the last two methods induce DNA damage in non-targeted cells like peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Damaged normal cells can transform leading to second malignant neoplasms (SMN) but the level of risk and impact of risk modifiers is not well defined. We investigated how radiotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy induce DNA damage in PBL of cervix and endometrial cancer patients during therapy. Blood samples were collected from nine endometrial cancer patients (treatment with radiotherapy + chemotherapy-RC) and nine cervical cancer patients (treatment with radiotherapy alone-R) before radiotherapy, 3 weeks after onset of radiotherapy and at the end of radiotherapy. Half of each blood sample was irradiated ex vivo with 2 Gy of gamma radiation in order to check how therapy influenced the sensitivity of PBL to radiation. Analysed endpoints were micronucleus (MN) frequencies, apoptosis frequencies and cell proliferation index. The results were characterised by strong individual variation, especially the MN frequencies and proliferation index. On average, despite higher total dose and larger fields, therapy alone induced the same level of MN in PBL of RC patients as compared to R. This result was accompanied by a higher level of apoptosis and stronger inhibition of cell proliferation in RC patients. The ex vivo dose induced fewer MN, more apoptosis and more strongly inhibited proliferation of PBL of RC as compared to R patients. These results are interpreted as evidence for a sensitizing effect of chemotherapy on radiation cytotoxicity. The possible implications for the risk of second malignant neoplasms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Węgierek-Ciuk
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (A.L.); (H.L.); (A.W.)
| | - Anna Lankoff
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (A.L.); (H.L.); (A.W.)
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Halina Lisowska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (A.L.); (H.L.); (A.W.)
| | - Piotr Kędzierawski
- Department of Radiotherapy, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Artwinskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Pamela Akuwudike
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.A.); (L.L.)
| | - Lovisa Lundholm
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.A.); (L.L.)
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (A.L.); (H.L.); (A.W.)
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.A.); (L.L.)
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Iwata H, Shuto T, Kamei S, Omachi K, Moriuchi M, Omachi C, Toshito T, Hashimoto S, Nakajima K, Sugie C, Ogino H, Kai H, Shibamoto Y. Combined effects of cisplatin and photon or proton irradiation in cultured cells: radiosensitization, patterns of cell death and cell cycle distribution. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2020; 61:832-841. [PMID: 32880637 PMCID: PMC7674701 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rraa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the biological effects of protons and photons in combination with cisplatin in cultured cells and elucidate the mechanisms responsible for their combined effects. To evaluate the sensitizing effects of cisplatin against X-rays and proton beams in HSG, EMT6 and V79 cells, the combination index, a simple measure for quantifying synergism, was estimated from cell survival curves using software capable of performing the Monte Carlo calculation. Cell death and apoptosis were assessed using live cell fluorescence imaging. HeLa and HSG cells expressing the fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator system (Fucci) were irradiated with X-rays and protons with cisplatin. Red and green fluorescence in the G1 and S/G2/M phases, respectively, were evaluated and changes in the cell cycle were assessed. The sensitizing effects of ≥1.5 μM cisplatin were observed for both X-ray and proton irradiation (P < 0.05). In the three cell lines, the average combination index was 0.82-1.00 for X-rays and 0.73-0.89 for protons, indicating stronger effects for protons. In time-lapse imaging, apoptosis markedly increased in the groups receiving ≥1.5 μM cisplatin + protons. The percentage of green S/G2/M phase cells at that time was higher when cisplatin was combined with proton beams than with X-rays (P < 0.05), suggesting more significant G2 arrest. Proton therapy plus ≥1.5 μM cisplatin is considered to be very effective. When combined with cisplatin, proton therapy appeared to induce greater apoptotic cell death and G2 arrest, which may partly account for the difference observed in the combined effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Iwata
- Corresponding author. Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan. Tel.: (+81) 52-991-8577; Fax: (+81) 52-991-8599;
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kamei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Kohei Omachi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Masataka Moriuchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Chihiro Omachi
- Department of Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Toshito
- Department of Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Shingo Hashimoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Koichiro Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Chikao Sugie
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
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9
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Shi M, Sanche L. Convection-Enhanced Delivery in Malignant Gliomas: A Review of Toxicity and Efficacy. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:9342796. [PMID: 31428153 PMCID: PMC6679879 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9342796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are undifferentiated or anaplastic gliomas. They remain incurable with a multitude of modalities, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and alternating electric field therapy. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) is a local treatment that can bypass the blood-brain barrier and increase the tumor uptake of therapeutic agents, while decreasing exposure to healthy tissues. Considering the multiple choices of drugs with different antitumor mechanisms, the supra-additive effect of concomitant radiation and chemotherapy, CED appears as a promising modality for the treatment of brain tumors. In this review, the CED-related toxicities are summarized and classified into immediate, early, and late side effects based on the time of onset, and local and systemic toxicities based on the location of toxicity. The efficacies of CED of various therapeutic agents including targeted antitumor agents, chemotherapeutic agents, radioisotopes, and immunomodulators are covered. The phase III trial PRECISE compares CED of IL13-PE38QQR, an interleukin-13 conjugated to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A, to Gliadel® Wafer, a polymer loaded with carmustine. However, in this case, CED had no significant median survival improvement (11.3 months vs. 10 months) in patients with recurrent glioblastomas. In phase II studies, CED of recombinant poliovirus (PVSRIPO) had an overall survival of 21% vs. 14% for the control group at 24 months, and 21% vs. 4% at 36 months. CED of Tf-diphtheria toxin had a response rate of 35% in recurrent malignant gliomas patients. On the other hand, the TGF-β2 inhibitor Trabedersen, HSV-1-tk ganciclovir, and radioisotope 131I-chTNT-1/B mAb had a limited response rate. With this treatment, patients who received CED of the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel and immunomodulator, oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN), experienced intolerable toxicity. Toward the end of this article, an ideal CED treatment procedure is proposed and the methods for quality assurance of the CED procedure are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Léon Sanche
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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10
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Bao YH, Yuan XC, Wu JD, Zhang WJ, Jiang ZF. Cisplatin as a Radiosensitizer in Clinical Practice: A Pilot Study. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 77:21-4. [PMID: 2017793 DOI: 10.1177/030089169107700105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-four patients with Inoperable cancers were treated with a combination of cisplatin and radiotherapy from May 1984 to February 1989. Cisplatin was administered at a dose of 40 mg/week, for a total dose of 160-320 mg, during radiation therapy. In 4 cases with brain metastases, the cisplatin dose was 40 mg/m2. Cisplatin concentration in blood was measured using the flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. Radiation therapy was delivered by a 6 MV X-ray or a cobalt-60 unit up to a total dose of 50-70 Gy. Among the 54 patients, 89% (48) responded to the treatment regimen; complete responses (CR) and partial responses (PR) were 56% and 33%, respectively. Six patients were stable in their disease. Among the 30 patients who had CR's, the 1-year survival rate was 88% (21/24). Two patients (7%) had local relapse. However, among PRs, the 1-year survival rate was 33% (4/12) and local failure (61%) (11/18). Objective tumor response was observed in 4 cases with brain metastasis, 2 of the 4 patients were alive for more than 6 months. Toxic effects were moderate and consisted of emesis and myelosuppression. Grade III bone marrow suppression amounted to 11%, and the interval of recovery was relatively long compared with that reported in the literature. Further prospective controlled studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Bao
- Department of Oncology, North Tai Ping Road Hospital Cancer Center, Beijing, China
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11
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Matheus HR, Ervolino E, Faleiros PL, Novaes VCN, Theodoro LH, Garcia VG, de Almeida JM. Cisplatin chemotherapy impairs the peri-implant bone repair around titanium implants: An in vivo study in rats. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 45:241-252. [PMID: 28965362 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study in animals was to evaluate the peri-implant bone repair against systemic administration of the antineoplastic agent. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used 84 male rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus, Wistar), divided into two groups: cisplatin (CIS) and saline solution (SS). The titanium implants were inserted into the right tibia at day 0 in all animals from both groups. Group SS received SS intraperitoneally at 15 and 17 days postoperatively. Group CIS received 5 and 2.5 mg/kg of CIS intraperitoneally at 15 and 17 days postoperatively, respectively. Euthanasia was performed at 22, 30 and 60 days postoperatively. Twenty-four undecalcified specimens were prepared for histometric analysis of bone/implant contact (BIC). Sixty specimens were selected to bone area (BA) measurement, histological analysis and immunohistochemical analysis of RUNX-2, osteocalcin (OCN) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). BIC and BA were considered to be the primary outcome parameters. RESULTS Group CIS showed lower BIC (11.87 ± 0.97 mm; 19.19 ± 0.8 mm; 17.69 ± 1.05 mm; p ≤ .05) and BA (3.68 ± 1.29 mm2 ; 3.05 ± 0.88 mm2 ; 3.23 ± 0.67 mm2 ; p ≤ .05), as well as decreased number of RUNX-2 (102.8 ± 27.35 cells/mm2 ; 100.04 ± 8.61 cells/mm2 ; 118.82 ± 21.38 cells/mm2 ; p ≤ .05)- and OCN-positive cells (120 ± 24.5 cells/mm2 ; 102 ± 27.73 cells/mm2 ; 100 ± 14.23 cells/mm2 ; p ≤ .05) at 22, 30 and 60 days, respectively. The animals in group CIS also showed increased number of TRAP-positive cells (86.8 ± 6.37 cells/mm2 ; 71.5 ± 4.72 cells/mm2 ; 92.8 ± 9.52 cells/mm2 ; p ≤ .05) and a persistent and exacerbated inflammatory response in all experimental periods. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, it was concluded that the chemotherapeutic CIS negatively affects the bone repair at peri-implant areas, jeopardizing the osseointegration of titanium implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Rinaldi Matheus
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic-Periodontics Division, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Paula Lazilha Faleiros
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic-Periodontics Division, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Vivian Cristina Noronha Novaes
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic-Periodontics Division, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Leticia Helena Theodoro
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic-Periodontics Division, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Valdir Gouveia Garcia
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic-Periodontics Division, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic-Periodontics Division, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
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12
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Flexible ligated ruthenium(II) self-assemblies sensitizes glioma tumor initiating cells in vitro. Oncotarget 2017; 8:60188-60200. [PMID: 28947963 PMCID: PMC5601131 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumorigenic potentials of residual cancer stem-like cells within tumors represent limitations of current cancer therapies. Here, the authors describe the effects of synthesized flexible, ligated, supramolecular self-assembled chair type tetranuclear ruthenium (II) metallacycles (2–5) on glioblastoma and glioma stem like cells. These self-assemblies were observed to be selectively toxic to glioma cells and CD133-positive glioma stem like cells population. Of the self-assembled compounds tested, metallacycle 4 more efficiently induced glioma stem like cells death within a brain cancer cell population and simultaneously inhibited the formation of free-floating gliospheres by reducing the sphere size. Detailed cell death studies revealed that treatment with metallacycle 4 reduced mitochondrial membrane potentials (an indicator of apoptosis) of glioma stem like cells. These results shows the elimination of cancer stem-like cells using an appropriate ligand binding adaptor offers a potential means of developing metal-based compounds for the treatment of chemo-resistant tumors.
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13
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Rezaee M, Hill RP, Jaffray DA. The Exploitation of Low-Energy Electrons in Cancer Treatment. Radiat Res 2017; 188:123-143. [PMID: 28557630 DOI: 10.1667/rr14727.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Given the distinct characteristics of low-energy electrons (LEEs), particularly at energies less than 30 eV, they can be applied to a wide range of therapeutic modalities to improve cancer treatment. LEEs have been shown to efficiently produce complex molecular damage resulting in substantial cellular toxicities. Since LEEs are produced in copious amounts from high-energy radiation beam, including photons, protons and ions; the control of LEE distribution can potentially enhance the therapeutic radio of such beams. LEEs can play a substantial role in the synergistic effect between radiation and chemotherapy, particularly halogenated and platinum-based anticancer drugs. Radiosensitizing entities containing atoms of high atomic number such as gold nanoparticles can be a source of LEE production if high-energy radiation interacts with them. This can provide a high local density of LEEs in a cell and produce cellular toxicity. Auger-electron-emitting radionuclides also create a high number of LEEs in each decay, which can induce lethal damage in a cell. Exploitation of LEEs in cancer treatment, however, faces a few challenges, such as dosimetry of LEEs and selective delivery of radiosensitizing and chemotherapeutic molecules close to cellular targets. This review first discusses the rationale for utilizing LEEs in cancer treatment by explaining their mechanism of action, describes theoretical and experimental studies at the molecular and cellular levels, then discusses strategies for achieving modification of the distribution and effectiveness of LEEs in cancerous tissue and their associated clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rezaee
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Ontario Cancer Institute and Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard P Hill
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Ontario Cancer Institute and Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Jaffray
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Ontario Cancer Institute and Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Rancoule C, Guy JB, Vallard A, Ben Mrad M, Rehailia A, Magné N. [50th anniversary of cisplatin]. Bull Cancer 2016; 104:167-176. [PMID: 27989629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have just celebrated the 50th anniversary of cisplatin cytotoxic potential discovery. It is time to take stock… and it seems mainly positive. This drug, that revolutionized the treatment of many cancer types, continues to be the most widely prescribed chemotherapy. Despite significant toxicities, resistance mechanisms associated with treatment failures, and unresolved questions about its mechanism of action, the use of this cytotoxic agent remains unwavering. The interest concerning this "old" invincible drug has not yet abated. Indeed many research axes are in the news. New platinum salts agents are tested, new cisplatin formulations are developed to target tumor cells more efficiently, and new combinations are established to increase the cytotoxic potency of cisplatin or overcome the resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Rancoule
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; CNRS UMR 5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire de Lyon Sud, 165, chemin du Grand-Revoyet, BP 12, 69921 Oullins cedex, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Guy
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; CNRS UMR 5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire de Lyon Sud, 165, chemin du Grand-Revoyet, BP 12, 69921 Oullins cedex, France
| | - Alexis Vallard
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Majed Ben Mrad
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Amel Rehailia
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Nicolas Magné
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; CNRS UMR 5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire de Lyon Sud, 165, chemin du Grand-Revoyet, BP 12, 69921 Oullins cedex, France.
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15
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Aguiar PN, Tadokoro H, da Silva GF, Landgraf MM, Noia Barreto CM, Filardi BA, Lopes GDL, Oliveira P, de Mello RA. Definitive chemoradiotherapy for squamous head and neck cancer: cisplatin versus carboplatin? A meta-analysis. Future Oncol 2016; 12:2755-2764. [PMID: 27549331 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Concomitant chemoradiotherapy (with cisplatin or carboplatin) is an option of definitive treatment for squamous head and neck cancer. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis comparing those two platinum agents. MATERIALS & METHODS We carried out a systematic search on English literature between 1990 and 17 April 2015 according to the Cochrane review guidelines. RESULTS Five of 60 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria with 491 patients. There was no difference in response rate. Cisplatin tends to be more active systemically than carboplatin, without statistically significance; 5-year survival rate: 30 and 27%, respectively (p = 0.33). CONCLUSION Despite the trend to improved outcomes in using cisplatin, carboplatin is also active and can be a reasonable option to treat patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hakaru Tadokoro
- Division of Medical Oncology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Gilberto de Lima Lopes
- Johns Hopkins Singapore, City of Singapore, Singapore.,Oncoclínicas of Brazil, HCor, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Oliveira
- Department of Population Studies, Abel Salazar Biomedical Institute, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ramon Andrade de Mello
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Division of Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, ala Nascente, 3º Andar, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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16
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Meyer K, Krueger SA, Kane JL, Wilson TG, Hanna A, Dabjan M, Hege KM, Wilson GD, Grills I, Marples B. Pulsed Radiation Therapy With Concurrent Cisplatin Results in Superior Tumor Growth Delay in a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Murine Model. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016; 96:161-9. [PMID: 27511853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of 3-week schedules of low-dose pulsed radiation treatment (PRT) and standard radiation therapy (SRT), with concurrent cisplatin (CDDP) in a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma xenograft model. METHODS AND MATERIALS Subcutaneous UT-SCC-14 tumors were established in athymic NIH III HO female mice. A total of 30 Gy was administered as 2 Gy/d, 5 d/wk for 3 weeks, either by PRT (10 × 0.2 Gy/d, with a 3-minute break between each 0.2-Gy dose) or SRT (2 Gy/d, uninterrupted delivery) in combination with concurrent 2 mg/kg CDDP 3 times per week in the final 2 weeks of radiation therapy. Treatment-induced growth delays were defined from twice-weekly tumor volume measurements. Tumor hypoxia was assessed by (18)F-fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography imaging, and calculated maximum standardized uptake values compared with tumor histology. Tumor vessel density and hypoxia were measured by quantitative immunohistochemistry. Normal tissues effects were evaluated in gut and skin. RESULTS Untreated tumors grew to 1000 mm(3) in 25.4 days (±1.2), compared with delays of 62.3 days (±3.5) for SRT + CDDP and 80.2 days (±5.0) for PRT + CDDP. Time to reach 2× pretreatment volume ranged from 8.2 days (±1.8) for untreated tumors to 67.1 days (±4.7) after PRT + CDDP. Significant differences in tumor growth delay were observed for SRT versus SRT + CDDP (P=.04), PRT versus PRT + CDDP (P=.035), and SRT + CDDP versus PRT + CDDP (P=.033), and for survival between PRT versus PRT + CDDP (P=.017) and SRT + CDDP versus PRT + CDDP (P=.008). Differences in tumor hypoxia were evident by (18)F-fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography imaging between SRT and PRT (P=.025), although not with concurrent CDDP. Tumor vessel density differed between SRT + CDDP and PRT + CDDP (P=.011). No differences in normal tissue parameters were seen. CONCLUSIONS Concurrent CDDP was more effective in combination PRT than SRT at restricting tumor growth. Significant differences in tumor vascular density were evident between PRT and SRT, suggesting a preservation of vascular network with PRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Meyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Sarah A Krueger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Jonathan L Kane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Thomas G Wilson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Alaa Hanna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Mohamad Dabjan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Katie M Hege
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - George D Wilson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Inga Grills
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Brian Marples
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan.
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17
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Lopez-Morata JA, Olivares A, Alcaraz M. [Decrease in toxicity and therapeutic effect of zoledronic acid in combination therapy with different antioxidant extracts]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2016; 51:329-334. [PMID: 26948964 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zoledronic acid is used in the treatment of cancer-related diseases, although its use has been associated with avascular osteonecrosis. AIMS To determine the possible protective effect of a range of antioxidant substances against the inhibition of human prostate epithelial cell growth (PNT2) and transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate tumour cells (TRAMP-C1), in treatments combining zoledronic acid and ionising radiation (IR). MATERIAL AND METHOD Cell survival is studied via cell viability assays (MTT) for 2 cell lines in isolated and combined treatments with zoledronic acid and/or IR, as well as the effect of adding 3 antioxidant substances. RESULTS Zoledronic acid displays a significant cytotoxic effect over PNT2 and TRAMP-C1 cells (P<.001). The administration of antioxidants together with the zoledronic acid shows a protective effect for normal prostate cells, yet not so for prostate tumour cells. However, the administration of rosmarinic acid and apigenin in treatments combined with zoledronic acid provides a protective effect from the harmful effects of applying ionizing radiation, not only for normal PNT2 cells, but also for tumour cells. CONCLUSION The use of antioxidant substances decreases the cytotoxic effect of zoledronic acid over non-tumour cells, and as such could be used in benign diseases. Furthermore, in the combined treatment using ionising radiation, these antioxidants also produced a protective effect in tumour cells, thus reducing the therapeutic effect sought by combining the treatment with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Lopez-Morata
- Departamento de Radiología, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España; Departamento de Medicina Física, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España
| | - Amparo Olivares
- Departamento de Radiología, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España; Departamento de Medicina Física, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España
| | - Miguel Alcaraz
- Departamento de Radiología, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España; Departamento de Medicina Física, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España.
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18
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Zhao S, Zhang RB. Alternative role of cisplatin in DNA damage – theoretical studies on the influence of excess electrons on the cisplatin–DNA complex. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17919c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of excess electrons with cisplatin–DNA generates highly reactive Pt-containing species towards C–H abstraction, which strongly contributes to DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Ru-bo Zhang
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- China
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19
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Elumalai P, Jeong YJ, Park DW, Kim DH, Kim H, Kang SC, Chi KW. Antitumor and biological investigation of doubly cyclometalated ruthenium(ii) organometallics derived from benzimidazolyl derivatives. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6667-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04400f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the synthesis, anticancer and biological properties of three doubly cyclometalated phenylbenzimidazole derived ruthenium(ii) organometallics (1–3) and their corresponding three organic ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palani Elumalai
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joon Jeong
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material & Processing
- College of Life Science
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin 17104
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Park
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material & Processing
- College of Life Science
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin 17104
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunuk Kim
- Energy Materials Lab
- Korea Institute of Energy Research
- Daejeon 305-343
- Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material & Processing
- College of Life Science
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin 17104
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749
- Republic of Korea
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20
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Behmand B, Marignier JL, Mostafavi M, Wagner JR, Hunting DJ, Sanche L. Radiosensitization of DNA by Cisplatin Adducts Results from an Increase in the Rate Constant for the Reaction with Hydrated Electrons and Formation of Pt(I). J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:9496-500. [PMID: 26098937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pulse radiolysis measurements of the decay of hydrated electrons in solutions containing different concentrations of the oligonucleotide GTG with and without a cisplatin adduct show that the presence of a cisplatin moiety accelerates the reaction between hydrated electrons and the oligonucleotide. The rate constant of the reaction is found to be 2.23 × 10(10) mol(-1) L s(-1), which indicates that it is diffusion controlled. In addition, we show for the first time the formation of a Pt(I) intermediate as a result of the reaction of hydrated electrons with GTG-cisplatin. A putative reaction mechanism is proposed, which may form the basis of the radiosensitization of cancer cells in concomitant chemoradiation therapy with cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Behmand
- †Groupe en sciences des radiations, Faculté de médicine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - J-L Marignier
- ‡Centre de cinétique rapide ELYSE, Laboratoire de chimie physique, Université de Paris-Sud 11, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - M Mostafavi
- ‡Centre de cinétique rapide ELYSE, Laboratoire de chimie physique, Université de Paris-Sud 11, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - J R Wagner
- †Groupe en sciences des radiations, Faculté de médicine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - D J Hunting
- †Groupe en sciences des radiations, Faculté de médicine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - L Sanche
- †Groupe en sciences des radiations, Faculté de médicine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
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Hou PY, Teng CJ, Chung CS, Liu CY, Huang CC, Chang MH, Shueng PW, Hsieh CH. Aortic pseudoaneurysm formation following concurrent chemoradiotherapy and metallic stent insertion in a patient with esophageal cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e862. [PMID: 25997064 PMCID: PMC4602863 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic pseudoaneurysm formation subsequent to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for esophageal cancer patient with esophageal metallic stent insertion is a rare condition.A 52-year-old man with esophageal cancer, cT4N1M0, stage IIIC, was treated with concurrent weekly cisplatin (30 mg/m) and 5-Fluorouracil (500 mg/m) as well as radiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions) for 6 weeks. An esophageal metallic stent was inserted for dysphagia 1 week after initiation of CCRT. During the treatment regimen, the platelet count dropped to less than 200 × 10 /μL. One month after the completion of CCRT, chest CT revealed the presence of an aortic pseudoaneurysm as well as aortoesophageal fistulas. A thoracic aortic endografting was performed and the patient responded well to surgery. However, the patient died 2 months later due to a nosocomial infection.Multimodality treatment for esophageal cancer comprising cisplatin-based CCRT and esophageal metallic stent placement near a great vessel may increase the risk of pseudoaneurysm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Hou
- From the Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City (P-YH, P-WS, C-HH); Department of Medicine (C-JT, C-HH); Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei (C-HH); Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City (C-JT); Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei (C-JT); Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City (C-SC); College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City (C-SC); Department of Thoracic surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City (C-YL); Department of Medical Imaging, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City (C-CH); Department of Anatomical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City (M-HC); Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (P-WS)
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[Forty years of progress in the therapeutic management of lung cancer]. Cancer Radiother 2014; 18:396-401. [PMID: 25195118 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2014.07.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews and describes the progress made in the therapeutic management of patients suffering from a lung cancer, outlining the major improvements made and suggesting some perspectives for the future.
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Bernier J. Chemoradiation in locally advanced head and neck cancer: new evidence, new challenges. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 4:335-9. [PMID: 15161432 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.4.3.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Behmand B, Cloutier P, Girouard S, Wagner JR, Sanche L, Hunting DJ. Hydrated electrons react with high specificity with cisplatin bound to single-stranded DNA. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15994-9. [PMID: 24205952 DOI: 10.1021/jp4089904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Short oligonucleotides TTTTTGTGTTT and TTTTTTTGTTT in solution with and without cisplatin (cisPt) bound to the guanine bases were irradiated with γ-rays at doses varying from 0 to 2500 Gy. To determine the effect of hydrated electrons from water radiolysis on the oligonucleotides, we quenched (•)OH radicals with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and displaced oxygen, which reacts with hydrated electrons, by bubbling the solution with wet nitrogen. DNA strand breaks and platinum detachment were quantified by gel electrophoresis. Our results demonstrate that hydrated electrons react almost exclusively at the position of the cisPt adduct, where they induce cisPt detachment from one or both guanines in the oligonucleotide. Given the high yield of hydrated electrons in irradiated tissues, this reaction may be an important step in the mechanism of radiosensitization of DNA by cisPt.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Behmand
- Groupe en sciences des radiations, Faculté de médicine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
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Blum MA, Taketa T, Sudo K, Wadhwa R, Skinner HD, Ajani JA. Chemoradiation for Esophageal Cancer. Thorac Surg Clin 2013; 23:551-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hsieh CH, Hou ML, Chiang MH, Tai HC, Tien HJ, Wang LY, Tsai TH, Chen YJ. Head and neck irradiation modulates pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin. J Transl Med 2013; 11:231. [PMID: 24066670 PMCID: PMC3853440 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) are used to enhance radiotherapy (RT) effect for head and neck (HN) cancers. However, the effect of local RT on systemic chemotherapeutics remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the influence of HN irradiation on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of 5-FU and CDDP in rats as experimental model. METHODS The radiation dose distributions of HN cancer patients were determined for the low dose areas, which are generously deposited around the target volume. Two Gy and 0.5 Gy RT were selected. Single-fraction radiation was delivered to the HN of Sprague-Dawley rats. 5-FU at 100 mg/kg or CDDP at 5 mg/kg was intravenously infused 24 hours after radiation. RESULTS Radiation at 2 Gy reduced the area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve (AUC) of 5-FU and CDDP by 16% and 29% compared to non-irradiated controls, respectively. This was accompanied by incremental total plasma clearance values. Intriguingly, low dose radiation at 0.5 Gy resulted in a similar pharmacokinetic profile, with a 17% and 33% reduction in the AUC of 5-FU and CDDP, respectively. The changes in AUC of bile, which increases with RT, were opposite to AUC of plasma for both drugs. CONCLUSIONS The local HN RT could modulate systemic PK of 5-FU and CDDP in rats. This unexpected RT-PK phenomena may provide a reference for adjustment of drug administration and is worthy of further investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01755585 and NCT01609114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hsi Hsieh
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Li-Nong Street Section 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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FRANKEN NICOLAASA, OEI ARLENEL, KOK HPETRA, RODERMOND HANSM, SMINIA PETER, CREZEE JOHANNES, STALPERS LUKASJ, BARENDSEN GERRITW. Cell survival and radiosensitisation: Modulation of the linear and quadratic parameters of the LQ model. Int J Oncol 2013; 42:1501-15. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Rezaee M, Sanche L, Hunting DJ. Cisplatin enhances the formation of DNA single- and double-strand breaks by hydrated electrons and hydroxyl radicals. Radiat Res 2013; 179:323-31. [PMID: 23368416 DOI: 10.1667/rr3185.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The synergistic interaction of cisplatin with ionizing radiation is the clinical rationale for the treatment of several cancers including head and neck, cervical and lung cancer. The underlying molecular mechanism of the synergy has not yet been identified, although both DNA damage and repair processes are likely involved. Here, we investigate the indirect effect of γ rays on strand break formation in a supercoiled plasmid DNA (pGEM-3Zf-) covalently modified by cisplatin. The yields of single- and double-strand breaks were determined by irradiation of DNA and cisplatin/DNA samples with (60)Co γ rays under four different scavenging conditions to examine the involvement of hydrated electrons and hydroxyl radicals in inducing the DNA damage. At 5 mM tris in an N2 atmosphere, the presence of an average of two cisplatins per plasmid increased the yields of single- and double-strand breaks by factors of 1.9 and 2.2, respectively, relative to the irradiated unmodified DNA samples. Given that each plasmid of 3,200 base pairs contained an average of two cisplatins, this represents an increase in radiosensitivity of 3,200-fold on a per base pair basis. When hydrated electrons were scavenged by saturating the samples with N2O, these enhancement factors decreased to 1.5 and 1.2, respectively, for single- and double-strand breaks. When hydroxyl radicals were scavenged using 200 mM tris, the respective enhancement factors were 1.2 and 1.6 for single- and double-strand breaks, respectively. Furthermore, no enhancement in DNA damage by cisplatin was observed after scavenging both hydroxyl radicals and hydrated electrons. These findings show that hydrated electrons can induce both single- and double-strand breaks in the platinated DNA, but not in unmodified DNA. In addition, cisplatin modification is clearly an extremely efficient means of increasing the formation of both single- and double-strand breaks by the hydrated electrons and hydroxyl radicals created by ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rezaee
- Groupe en Sciences des Radiations, Départment de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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Alcaraz M, Olivares A, Armero D, Alcaraz-Saura M, Achel D. Zoledronic acid and radiation: toxicity, synergy or radiosensitization? Clin Transl Oncol 2012; 15:300-6. [PMID: 23443898 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-012-0917-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Zoledronic acid (Z) is a bisphosphonate used in hypercalcaemia-related cancer, in complications for bone metastasis and in postmenopausal osteoporosis and it has been related to osteoradionecrosis, especially when associated with radiation to the head and neck structures. OBJECTIVES To determine the radiosensitization capacity of zoledronic acid in the combined treatment with ionizing radiation (IR) by evaluating its genotoxic and cytotoxic capacities in non-tumoral cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The genotoxic effect of Z was studied by means of the micronucleus test in cytokinesis-blocked cells of human lymphocytes irradiated before and after a 2 Gy irradiation, while the cytotoxic effect was studied by a cell viability test in the PNT2 cell line before and after exposure to different X-ray doses (0-20 Gy) in four groups (Z alone, radiation alone, Z + IR and IR + Z). RESULTS A dose-dependent and time-dependent cytotoxic effect of Z and IR on PNT2 cells in vitro (p > 0.001) was demonstrated. With the concentrations recommended for humans, the combined treatment had a more pronounced effect than individual treatments (p < 0.001). The effect was synergic (CI < 1), increasing the Z enhancement ratio (2.6) and sensitization factor (56 %); the effect of Z was always greater after IR exposure. In the genotoxic effect, only the administration of Z after irradiation (IR + Z) increased chromosome damage (p < 0.001) and the sensibilization factor (35.7 %). CONCLUSION High concentrations of Z are toxic, but the concentrations recommended for clinical practice in humans give it the characteristics of a radiosensitization agent, whose effect is even greater when administered after IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcaraz
- Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine/Dentistry, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Herskovic A, Russell W, Liptay M, Fidler MJ, Al-Sarraf M. Esophageal carcinoma advances in treatment results for locally advanced disease: review. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:1095-1103. [PMID: 22003242 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment results of patients with locally advanced esophageal carcinomas have evolved since the publication of the first trial of concurrent mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil with radiotherapy (RT) in 1983. Subsequent studies refined and improved on the concurrent chemotherapy (chemo) with administration of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil infusion (PF). Chemo (PF) before surgery improved overall survival (OS) in those patients in most of the randomized trials and in meta-analyses. Two courses of PF concurrent with irradiation followed by additional two courses of PF were superior to RT alone without surgery for both groups. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery was found to have statistically improved OS as compared with surgery only in randomized trials and meta-analyses. In most of these studies, it was found that those patients with pathologic complete response to the initial treatment(s) did better than those who had no improvement at all. Current treatment outcome for these diseases is disappointing; newer strategies including induction chemo with the optimal combination, proper dosage of each drug, and proper number of courses before concurrent chemoradiotherapy; improvement in RT; and immunotherapy with or without subsequent surgery are exciting and definitely need to be investigated in prospective randomized trial(s).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M J Fidler
- Department of Section of Medical Oncology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago
| | - M Al-Sarraf
- Department of Medicine, Wm Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, USA
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Scheckenbach K, Wagenmann M, Freund M, Schipper J, Hanenberg H. Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck in Fanconi anemia: risk, prevention, therapy, and the need for guidelines. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2012; 224:132-8. [PMID: 22504776 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1308989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare recessive DNA repair disorder that is clinically characterized by congenital malformations, progressive bone marrow failure, and increased incidence of malignancies, especially acute myeloid leukemia and squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCCs) and the anogenital regions. On a cellular level, typical features of the disorder are a high degree of genomic instability and an increased sensitivity to bi-functionally alkylating agents. So far, germ-line defects in 15 different FA genes have been identified. Some of these FA genes are also established as tumor susceptibility genes for familiar cancers.In recent years, the prevention and therapy of HNSCCs in FA patients has become more important as the percentage of patients surviving into adulthood is rising. HNSCCs appear in very young FA patients without common risk factors. Since cisplatin-based chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy, essential parts of the standard treatment approach for sporadic HNSCCs, cannot be used in FA patients due to therapy-associated toxicities and mortalities even with reduced dosing, surgery is the most important treatment option for HNSCCs, in FA patients and requires an early and efficient detection of malignant lesions. So far, no uniform treatment protocol for the management of HNSCCs in FA patients exists. Therefore, we propose that the information on affected FA patients should be collected worldwide, practical therapeutic guidelines developed and national treatment centers established.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Scheckenbach
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Hill EJ, Nicolay NH, Middleton MR, Sharma RA. Oxaliplatin as a radiosensitiser for upper and lower gastrointestinal tract malignancies: what have we learned from a decade of translational research? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 83:353-87. [PMID: 22309673 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Some of the greatest advances in the treatment of solid malignancies have resulted from the combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments. This article comprehensively reviews the current clinical evidence for oxaliplatin-based chemo-radiotherapy that may improve local control and survival. In order to understand how clinical studies should be designed, the pre-clinical evidence for the use of oxaliplatin chemotherapy as a radiosensitising agent is appraised. Particular focus is placed on oxaliplatin's biological mechanisms of action, including cell cycle effects, the formation of DNA adducts and interstrand cross-links and the role of DNA repair proteins. At a clinical level, there is currently no evidence to suggest that oxaliplatin provides an additional benefit to concurrent chemo-radiation regimes that utilise fluoropyrimidines; we evaluate the reasons for this observation, the limitations of clinical trial design and the opportunities that currently exist to design clinical trials which are underpinned by an understanding of the basic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esme J Hill
- Gray Institute of Radiation Oncology and Biology, Oncology Department, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
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Kawashima M, Hayashi R, Tahara M, Arahira S, Miyazaki M, Sakuraba M, Zenda S, Ogino T. Prospective trial of chemotherapy-enhanced accelerated radiotherapy for larynx preservation in patients with intermediate-volume hypopharyngeal cancer. Head Neck 2011; 34:1363-8. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.21934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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DNA-Platinum Thin Films for Use in Chemoradiation Therapy Studies. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2011; 2012:923914. [PMID: 21977010 PMCID: PMC3184495 DOI: 10.1155/2012/923914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry films of platinum chemotherapeutic drugs covalently bound to plasmid DNA (Pt-DNA) represent a useful experimental model to investigate direct effects of radiation on DNA in close proximity to platinum chemotherapeutic agents, a situation of considerable relevance to understand the mechanisms underlying concomitant chemoradiation therapy. In the present paper we determine the optimum conditions for preparation of Pt-DNA films for use in irradiation experiments. Incubation conditions for DNA platination reactions have a substantial effect on the structure of Pt-DNA in the films. The quantity of Pt bound to DNA as a function of incubation time and temperature is measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Our experiments indicate that chemical instability and damage to DNA in Pt-DNA samples increase when DNA platination occurs at 37°C for 24 hours, the condition which has been extensively used for in vitro studies. Platination of DNA for the formation of Pt-DNA films is optimal at room temperature for reaction times less than 2 hours. By increasing the concentration of Pt compounds relative to DNA and thus accelerating the rate of their mutual binding, it is possible to prepare Pt-DNA samples containing known concentrations of Pt while reducing DNA degradation caused by more lengthy procedures.
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Robbins KT, Pellitteri PK, Harris JP, Hanchett C, Kerber C, Vicario D. Highly selective infusions of supradose Cisplatin for cranial base malignancies. Skull Base Surg 2011; 4:122-6. [PMID: 17171160 PMCID: PMC1661804 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1058962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment results for malignant skull base lesions may be improved with combined modality therapy. Using a novel drug infusion technique that capitalizes on the pharmacodynamic cisplatin-neutralizing properties of thiosulfate, 14 patients (6 untreated, 8 recurrent) received cisplatin (120 to 200 mg/m(2) for 1 to 4 weeks x 2-4 cycles) as part of a multimodality treatment program. Histology included squamous cell carcinoma, 11 patients (8 upper aerodigestive tract, 3 cutaneous); sarcoma, 2 patients (malignant fibrous histiocytoma, synovial cell sarcoma); and salivary gland cancer, 1 patient. The lesions involved the lateral skull base (12 patients) and the anterior (2 patients).Dose intensities for cisplatin were between 33.3 and 200 mg/m(2)/wk. Major responses occurred in 9/14 patients (64.3%), 3 of whom had complete responses. Drug toxicity, occurring in 11 patients, was mild and there were no significant complications as a result of the infusions. Eleven patients subsequently underwent surgical resections. The mean survival time is 23.3 months. Eight patients are alive without disease, 2 alive with disease, and 4 are dead of disease.The effectiveness of this highly selective supradose cisplatin infusion technique and its low morbidity support continued investigations of its application to patients with cranial base malignancies.
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Abstract
Platine-based chemotherapy agents are major drugs in oncology and are currently used in most solid malignancies. Of these, cisplatin has been the most widely used over past years. Its efficacy and toxicity have been both well documented in the literature. Carboplatin has a rather different toxicity profile and seems to be better tolerated than cisplatin. This might potentially impact on quality of life. Carboplatin has been assessed for treatment of most malignancies in which cisplatin has demonstrated its efficacy. This paper aims at reviewing and comparing the current indications in terms of efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin and carboplatin. Although cisplatin has demonstrated its superiority over carboplatin for treatment of lung cancers and germ-cell tumors, the tolerance of carboplatin is better than that of cisplatin. This might be taken into account for patients treated with non-curative attempt. Further studies should compare both chemotherapy agents for quality of life. Of course, carboplatin remains widely used for patients who are contra-indicated for cisplatin.
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Gupta S, Koru-Sengul T, Arnold SM, Devi GR, Mohiuddin M, Ahmed MM. Low-Dose Fractionated Radiation Potentiates the Effects of Cisplatin Independent of the Hyper-Radiation Sensitivity in Human Lung Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:292-302. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Estrada-Aguilar J, Greenberg H, Walling A, Schroer K, Black T, Morse S, Hvizdala E. Primary treatment of pelvic osteosarcoma: Report of five cases. Cancer 2010; 69:1137-45. [PMID: 1371232 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.2820690513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Five patients, ages 12 to 20 years, with nonresectable primary (Patients 2, 3, and 5) and metastatic (Patients 1 and 4) pelvic osteosarcomas were treated with intraarterial cisplatin and concurrent radiation therapy from 1983 to 1987. Long-term local tumor control was achieved in all five patients. Patients 1 and 3 are alive with no evidence of local recurrence or metastatic disease at 77 and 56 months of follow-up, respectively, since diagnosis of the pelvic tumor. Patients 2, 4, and 5 died of metastatic lung disease at 25, 39, and 12 months, respectively, after diagnosis of the pelvic tumor. Patient 4 had no clinical or radiologic evidence of local recurrence. Control of tumor growth in patients with pelvic osteosarcomas can be achieved with regional chemotherapy and concurrent radiation therapy. These patients also should receive adjuvant intensive systemic chemotherapy to increase the probability of eliminating potential subclinical metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Estrada-Aguilar
- Department of Pediatrics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer & Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa
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Stochastic modelling of the role of cisplatin in altered fractionation schedules for head and neck cancer. Phys Med 2009; 26:177-83. [PMID: 20034829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced head and neck cancers are one of the most challenging cancers facing the oncologists due to their aggressiveness attributable to the high hypoxic content and the tumour's ability to repopulate during radiotherapy. Alterations of radiotherapy fractionation schedules are possible ways to improve tumour control. Clinical trials have shown that both hyperfractionated radiotherapy (multiple fractions a day, over the same treatment time), and accelerated radiotherapy (higher doses per fraction, six days a week, over 5 weeks or less) are more effective than conventional radiotherapy in the management of head and neck cancer. However, the treatment choice between hyperfractionated and accelerated radiotherapy is still debated, due to very similar results obtained regarding tumour control. Furthermore, while radiotherapy alone has an impact on the short-term prognosis of advanced head and neck cancer, the long-term benefits have been moderate. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent which combined with conventional radiotherapy has shown to improve patient survival. The present paper employs a Monte Carlo modelling approach in assessing the effect of combined cisplatin-altered fractionation schedule on tumour response. The growth of a head and neck carcinoma has been modelled using probabilistic functions sampled by computer generated random number sequences, maintaining the biological constitution of a tumour. The tumour growth model has been built to simulate the in vivo processes taking place before and after radiotherapy/chemotherapy. The model has shown that adding cisplatin to radiotherapy improves tumour control in both hyperfractionated and accelerated radiotherapy.
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Caney C, Singh G, Lukka H, Rainbow AJ. Combined gamma‐irradiation and subsequent cisplatin treatment in human squamous carcinoma cell lines sensitive and resistant to cisplatin. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 80:291-9. [PMID: 15204706 DOI: 10.1080/09553000410001679767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of combined radiation and subsequent cisplatin treatment on the human squamous carcinoma cell line SCC-25 and its cisplatin-resistant derivative SCC-25/CP. MATERIALS AND METHODS SCC-25 and SCC-25/CP cells were treated with various gamma-ray doses (5 cGy-7 Gy) followed 60 min later by cisplatin treatment and subsequently assayed for survival using a conventional colony assay. For SCC-25, the subsequent cisplatin treatment was 0.1, 1, 10 and 20 microM for 1 h. For the more cisplatin-resistant SCC-25/CP cells, the subsequent cisplatin treatment was 10 and 50 microM for 1 h. RESULTS The cisplatin-resistant SCC-25/CP cells were not cross-resistant to gamma-irradiation. Subsequent treatment with an LD50 concentration of cisplatin (10 and 50 microM for SCC-25 and SCC-25/CP, respectively) resulted in radiosensitization for SCC-25/CP but not for SCC-25 cells. Gamma-irradiation of SCC-25/CP cells followed by treatment with 10 and 50 microM cisplatin for 1 h resulted in radiation survival curves displaying a significant low-dose hypersensitive region followed by increased radioresistance at higher doses. A total of 10 microM cisplatin resulted in radiosensitization confined to the low-dose region (0.05 and 0.25 Gy), whereas the higher cisplatin treatment of 50 microM resulted in the appearance of a hypersensitive region together with a reduction of the increased radioresistance region. In contrast, cisplatin treatment (0.1, 1, 10 and 20 microM for 1 h) of SCC-25 cells had no significant effect on survival following 2.5 or 7.0 Gy and actually resulted in an increased low-dose radiation survival (0.05, 0.25 and 1 Gy) when survival was corrected for cisplatin treatment (p<0.01 for all cisplatin concentrations tested). CONCLUSIONS The significant radiosensitization for SCC-25/CP given subsequent treatment with 50 microM cisplatin indicates cisplatin can inhibit the increased radioresistance response in SCC-25/CP cells. In contrast, the subsequent cisplatin treatment of SCC-25 cells can enhance their survival following low radiation doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Caney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Rave-Fränk M, Schmidberger H, Christiansen H, Boll C, Lehmann J, Weiss E. Comparison of the combined action of oxaliplatin or cisplatin and radiation in cervical and lung cancer cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 83:41-7. [PMID: 17357438 DOI: 10.1080/09553000601121108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To test the combined effects of oxaliplatin and radiation versus cisplatin and radiation using human cervical and lung cancer cell lines. MATERIAL AND METHODS CaSki cervical cancer cells, and A549 lung cancer cells were cultured under standard conditions. Cells were treated with escalating doses of gamma-irradiation (0-6 Gy), and with oxali- and cisplatin for 2 h or 24 h, or a combination of both. Cell survival was measured by a colony-forming assay. Survival curves were fitted to the data using the linear quadratic model. Sensitizer enhancement ratios (SER) were calculated at the 37% survival level, and isobologram analysis was applied to test for the drug-radiation interactions. RESULTS Oxaliplatin as well as cisplatin alone were cytotoxic in both cell lines. In CaSki cells, oxaliplatin and cisplatin significantly increased radiation toxicity. In A549 cells no increase of radiation toxicity was observed after treatment with cisplatin, however, isobologram analysis revealed supra-additive interaction between oxaliplatin and radiation in A549 cells. CONCLUSION Oxaliplatin had the same effectiveness on tumor cells as cisplatin and induced enhanced radiation toxicity in lung cancer cells, where cisplatin was not able to achieve radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margret Rave-Fränk
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen-Bereich Humanmedizin-, Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Göttingen, Germany.
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Sanche L. Role of secondary low energy electrons in radiobiology and chemoradiation therapy of cancer. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Oral vinorelbine and cisplatin as induction chemotherapy and concomitant chemo-radiotherapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer: final results of an international phase II trial. J Thorac Oncol 2008; 3:994-1002. [PMID: 18758302 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e31818396cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cisplatin in combination with vinorelbine has reported an optimal activity/tolerance ratio when used in combination with radiotherapy in locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. The currently available oral formulation of vinorelbine should be easier to use assuming a similar activity profile. An international phase II trial with vinorelbine oral and cisplatin as induction followed by oral vinorelbine and cisplatin with concomitant radiotherapy was implemented to evaluate the efficacy in terms of objective response (OR) following this combination as primary end point and duration or response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety as secondary endpoints. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included patients between 18 and 75 years, with histologically proven untreated locally advanced inoperable stage IIIA/IIIB (supraclavicular lymph nodes and pleural effusion excluded) non-small cell lung cancer, adequate bone marrow, hepatic and renal function, Karnofsky performance status >/=80%. Patients were treated with oral vinorelbine 60 mg/m day 1,8 cycle 1 and 80 mg/m day 1,8 cycle 2 (if no grade 3-4 toxicity) and cisplatin 80 mg/m day 1 every 3 weeks for 2 cycles as induction. Patients without progression received oral vinorelbine 40 mg/m day 1, 8 and cisplatin 80 mg/m day 1 every 3 weeks for 2 more cycles with radiotherapy 66 Gy in 6.5 weeks. RESULTS Patient and disease characteristics (n = 54) included: median age 57 years; female sex 24%; stage IIIA 48% and IIIB 52%; Squamous carcinoma 59%, Karnofsky performance status 100% (range, 80-100%) 50%, patients >/=5% weight loss at baseline 7%. Relative dose intensities of oral vinorelbine/cisplatin were 86%/93% and 97%/98% at induction and in combination with radiotherapy, respectively. Forty-one patients (76%) increased oral vinorelbine from 60 to 80 mg/m day during induction (reasons for nonescalation: hematological 7 patients, nonhematological 2 patients, error 4 patients). After two cycles of chemotherapy induction, the OR intent-to-treat in the 54 patients was 37%. Toxicities during induction were as follows: Neutropenia G3-4 (28%), Febrile Neutropenia (7%), nausea G3 (11%), vomiting G3-4 (9%), anorexia G3 (4%), diarrhea G4 (2%), constipation G3 (2%). Forty-seven out of 54 (87%) patients received concomitant chemo-radiotherapy.Median radiotherapy delivered dose was 66 Gy. Tolerance: 9% G3 Neutropenia; 4% G3 dysphagia/radiation; 2% G3 radiation dermatitis. Late pulmonary fibrosis was reported in one patient (1.8%). One month after completion of chemo-radiotherapy, the overall OR intent-to-treat in the 54 patients was 54% (95% CI: 40-67%). With a median follow-up of 37 months (95% CI: 34-41) the median progression-free survival and overall survival were: 12.5 (95% CI: 9.6-16.4) and 23.4 (95% CI: 17.6-29.8) months, respectively. CONCLUSION Oral vinorelbine in combination with cisplatin is an effective combination in stage IIIA/IIIB patients. The excellent tolerance profile allowed to complete concomitant chemo-radiotherapy in 87% of patients. Oral vinorelbine in combination with cisplatin is a new and promising option that facilitates the administration of concomitant chemo-radiotherapy with high rates of treatment completion.
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Nakamura M, Koizumi T, Hayasaka M, Yasuo M, Tsushima K, Kubo K, Gomi K, Shikama N. Cisplatin and weekly docetaxel with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy for locally advanced stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2008; 63:1091-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-008-0837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zheng Y, Hunting DJ, Ayotte P, Sanche L. Role of secondary low-energy electrons in the concomitant chemoradiation therapy of cancer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:198101. [PMID: 18518490 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.198101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Revised: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Solid films of DNA with and without the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin bonded to guanine were bombarded with electrons of 1, 10, 100, and 60,000 eV causing single and double strand breaks. In the presence of cisplatin this damage was increased by factors varying from 1.3 to 4.4 owing to an increase in bond dissociation triggered by the formation of transient anions. This mechanism may lie at the basis of the efficiency of concomitant cisplatin-radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are among the most devastating neoplasms claiming the lives of patients within a median of 1 year after diagnosis. Treatment of GBM requires a multidisciplinary approach. Treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and so on. Temozolomide (TMZ) has emerged as an active agent against malignant gliomas. On the basis of the work by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer/National Cancer Institute of Canada, concurrent radiotherapy and the oral alkylating agent TMZ followed by adjuvant TMZ has become the standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed GBM, although the methylation status of the O(6)-mehylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter is predictive for survival of GBM patients. Gliadel is a biodegradable polymer wafer impregnated with carmustine. Gliadel has been one of the few treatment modalities to demonstrate a statistical benefit in patients with malignant glioma. These new FDA approved drugs advanced the treatment of malignant glioma, but more progress is needed. Patients require improvements in chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, immunotoxin using the convection-enhanced delivery and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Aoki
- Kitano Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumour Center, 2-4-20 Ohgimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan.
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Barabas K, Milner R, Lurie D, Adin C. Cisplatin: a review of toxicities and therapeutic applications. Vet Comp Oncol 2008; 6:1-18. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2007.00142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hermann RM, Rave-Fränk M, Pradier O. Combining radiation with oxaliplatin: a review of experimental results. Cancer Radiother 2008; 12:61-7. [PMID: 18243751 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2007.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2007] [Revised: 12/14/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is integrated in treatment strategies against a variety of cancers including chemoradiation protocols against gastrointestinal, especially rectal cancers. Solid biological data with respect to radiosensitizing activity of oxaliplatin are still rare. This review is based on in vitro and experimental in vivo data concerning the combination of oxaliplatin and radiation published until July 2007. Taking either cell viability or clonogenic survival as an endpoint all reported on oxaliplatin-induced radiosensitization, and enhancement ratios ranged from 1.1 to 2.2. In vivo, enhanced tumor growth delay after combined oxaliplatin and radiation treatment was also reported. Therefore, oxaliplatin should be considered a potent radiosensitizer, although the mechanisms causing radiosensitizing properties of oxaliplatin have not been studied in detail. Herein, they are discussed with respect to apoptosis induction, p53-related signalling, cell cycle control, and DNA-repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Hermann
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Abteilung Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, Göttingen, Germany
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Srinagarind Hospital experience in concurrent chemoradiation for 100 patients with stage IB2 to IVA uterine cervical cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 25:502-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s11604-007-0172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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