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Pandya AK, Vora LK, Umeyor C, Surve D, Patel A, Biswas S, Patel K, Patravale VB. Polymeric in situ forming depots for long-acting drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115003. [PMID: 37422267 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric in situ forming depots have emerged as highly promising drug delivery systems for long-acting applications. Their effectiveness is attributed to essential characteristics such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the ability to form a stable gel or solid upon injection. Moreover, they provide added versatility by complementing existing polymeric drug delivery systems like micro- and nanoparticles. The formulation's low viscosity facilitates manufacturing unit operations and enhances delivery efficiency, as it can be easily administered via hypodermic needles. The release mechanism of drugs from these systems can be predetermined using various functional polymers. To enable unique depot design, numerous strategies involving physiological and chemical stimuli have been explored. Important assessment criteria for in situ forming depots include biocompatibility, gel strength and syringeability, texture, biodegradation, release profile, and sterility. This review focuses on the fabrication approaches, key evaluation parameters, and pharmaceutical applications of in situ forming depots, considering perspectives from academia and industry. Additionally, insights about the future prospects of this technology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali K Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Chukwuebuka Umeyor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka 422001, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Dhanashree Surve
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Akanksha Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Swati Biswas
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Ketankumar Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Vandana B Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India.
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Chen Y, An Q, Teng K, Zhang Y, Zhao Y. Latest development and versatile applications of highly integrating drug delivery patch. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kilicarslan M, Buke AN. An Overview: The Evaluation of Formation Mechanisms, Preparation Techniques and Chemical and Analytical Characterization Methods of the In Situ Forming Implants. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916999200616125009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the major developments of the last decade is the preparation of in situ implant formulations.
Injectable, biocompatible and/or biodegradable polymer-based in situ implants are classified
differently due to implant formation based on in vivo solid depot or formation mechanisms inducing
liquid form, gel or solid depot. In this review, published studies to date regarding in situ forming implant
systems were compiled and their formation mechanisms, materials and methods used, routes of
administration, chemical and analytical characterizations, quality-control tests and in vitro dissolution
tests were compared in Tables and were evaluated. There are several advantages and disadvantages of
these dosage forms due to the formation mechanism, polymer and solvent type and the ratio used in
formulations and all of these parameters have been discussed separately. In addition, new generation
systems developed to overcome the difficulties encountered in in situ implants have been evaluated.
There are some approved products of in situ implant preparations that can be used for different indications
available on the market and the clinical phase studies nowadays. In vitro and in vivo data obtained
by the analysis of the application of new technologies in many studies evaluated in this review showed
that the number of approved drugs to be used for various indications would increase in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Kilicarslan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara,Turkey
| | - Ayse Nur Buke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara,Turkey
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Design and Characterization of Injectable Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Pastes for Sustained and Local Drug Release. Pharm Res 2020; 37:36. [PMID: 31965346 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe the preparation of injectable polymeric paste (IPP) formulations for local and sustained release of drugs. Furthermore, we include the characterization and possible applications of such pastes. Particular attention is paid to characteristics relevant to the successful clinical formulation development, such as viscosity, injectability, degradation, drug release, sterilization, stability performance and pharmacokinetics. METHODS Paste injectability was characterized using measured viscosity and the Hagen-Poiseuille equation to determine injection forces. Drug degradation, release and formulation stability experiments were performed in vitro and drug levels were quantified using HPLC-UV methods. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of sustained-release lidocaine IPPs used five groups of six rats receiving increasing doses subcutaneously. An anti-cancer formulation was evaluated in a subcutaneous tumor xenograft mouse model. RESULTS The viscosity and injectability of IPPs could be controlled by changing the polymeric composition. IPPs demonstrated good long-term stability and tunable drug-release with low systemic exposure in vivo in rats. Preliminary data in a subcutaneous tumor model points to a sustained anticancer effect. CONCLUSIONS These IPPs are tunable platforms for local and sustained delivery of drugs and have potential for further clinical development to treat a number of diseases.
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Li W, Tao C, Wang J, Le Y, Zhang J. MMP-responsive in situ forming hydrogel loaded with doxorubicin-encapsulated biodegradable micelles for local chemotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31264-31273. [PMID: 35527962 PMCID: PMC9072589 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04343h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex construction within the oral cavity causes incomplete surgical resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that may enhance the risk of recurrence and metastasis in the treatment. In situ forming injectable hydrogels with minimally invasive procedures, encapsulation stability and stimuli-responsive degradation have emerged as promising carriers for local drug delivery. In this study, doxorubicin (DOX) was first encapsulated in biodegradable poly(d,l-lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA-PEG-PDLLA) micelles and then loaded into an in situ injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel, which was cross-linked by a matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-responsive peptide (GCRDGPQGIWGQDRCG) through a Michael addition reaction. In vitro studies demonstrated that the HA hydrogel had a sensitive MMP-2-responsive drug release profile. Investigations including MTT, live-dead, apoptosis, and wound healing assays illustrated that DOX micelle-loaded HA hydrogels exhibited outstanding cytotoxicity against squamous carcinoma cells (SCC-15). Furthermore, by in vivo studies, we also proved that HA hydrogels degraded faster in the tumor site than in normal tissue, which led to a local sustained release of DOX-loaded micelles and tumor growth inhibition of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) without any damage to the organs. Therefore, this work provides a remarkable drug delivery platform for local chemotherapy and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Cheng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Jiexin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Yuan Le
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
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Wang Q, Hu SL, Wu YB, Niu Q, Huang YY, Wu F, Zhu XT, Fan J, Yin GY, Wan MM, Mao C, Zhou M. Multiple Drug Delivery from Mesoporous Coating Realizing Combination Therapy for Bare Metal Stents. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:3126-3133. [PMID: 30696247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous loading of multifunctional drugs has been regarded as one of the major challenges in the drug delivery system. Herein, a mesoporous silica coating was constructed on a bare metal stent surface by an evaporation-induced self-assembly method, in which both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs (heparin and rapamycin) were encapsulated by a one-pot method for the first time, and the release behaviors of these drugs were studied. The releasing mechanisms of these drugs were investigated in detail. Rapid release of heparin can achieve anticoagulation and endothelialization, whereas slow release of rapamycin can realize antiproliferative therapy for long term. In vitro hemocompatibility and promotion for proliferation of vein endothelial cells and the inhibition of smooth muscle cells were conducted. In vivo stent implantation results verify that the mesoporous silica coating with both heparin and rapamycin can successfully accelerate the endothelialization process and realize the antiproliferative therapy for as long as 3 months. These results indicate that this multifunctional mesoporous coating containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs might be a promising stent coating in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Shuang Long Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , The Affliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing 210008 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Ying Ben Wu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Qian Niu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yang Yang Huang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Fan Wu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xiao Tan Zhu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jin Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210000 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Guo Yong Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210000 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Mi Mi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , The Affliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing 210008 , Jiangsu , China
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Chew SA, Danti S. Biomaterial-Based Implantable Devices for Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 27886461 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This review article focuses on the current local therapies mediated by implanted macroscaled biomaterials available or proposed for fighting cancer and also highlights the upcoming research in this field. Several authoritative review articles have collected and discussed the state-of-the-art as well as the advancements in using biomaterial-based micro- and nano-particle systems for drug delivery in cancer therapy. On the other hand, implantable biomaterial devices are emerging as highly versatile therapeutic platforms, which deserve an increased attention by the healthcare scientific community, as they are able to offer innovative, more effective and creative strategies against tumors. This review summarizes the current approaches which exploit biomaterial-based devices as implantable tools for locally administrating drugs and describes their specific medical applications, which mainly target resected brain tumors or brain metastases for the inaccessibility of conventional chemotherapies. Moreover, a special focus in this review is given to innovative approaches, such as combined delivery therapies, as well as to alternative approaches, such as scaffolds for gene therapy, cancer immunotherapy and metastatic cell capture, the later as promising future trends in implantable biomaterials for cancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Anne Chew
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences; One West University Blvd; Brownsville TX 78520 USA
| | - Serena Danti
- University of Pisa; Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering; Largo L. Lazzarino 2 56122 Pisa Italy
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Ye H, Owh C, Jiang S, Ng CZQ, Wirawan D, Loh XJ. A Thixotropic Polyglycerol Sebacate-Based Supramolecular Hydrogel as an Injectable Drug Delivery Matrix. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E130. [PMID: 30979218 PMCID: PMC6432133 DOI: 10.3390/polym8040130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a "self-healing" polyglycerol sebacate-polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PGS-PEGMEMA)/α-Cyclodextrin (αCD) hydrogel which could be sheared into a liquid during injection and has the potential to quickly "heal" itself back into gel post-injection. This hydrogel was shown to be biocompatible and biodegradable and therefore appropriate for use in vivo. Furthermore, the storage and loss moduli of the hydrogels could be tuned (by varying the concentration of αCD) between a fraction of a kPa to a few 100 kPa, a range that coincides with the moduli of cells and human soft tissues. This property would allow for this hydrogel to be used in vivo with maximal mechanical compatibility with human soft tissues. In vitro experiments showed that the hydrogel demonstrated a linear mass erosion profile and a biphasic drug (doxorubicin) release profile: Phase I was primarily driven by diffusion and Phase II was driven by hydrogel erosion. The diffusion mechanism was modeled with the First Order equation and the erosion mechanism with the Hopfenberg equation. This established fitting model could be used to predict releases with other drugs and estimate the composition of the hydrogel required to achieve a desired release rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
| | - Cally Owh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
| | - Shan Jiang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Cavin Zhen Quan Ng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Daniel Wirawan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore.
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
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Grant J, Zahedi P, Tsallas A, Allen C. Thermosensitive depot-forming injectable phosphatidylcholine blends tailored for localized drug delivery. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:3623-31. [PMID: 23873505 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A thermosensitive depot-forming system was developed for sustained and localized delivery of the anticancer drug, paclitaxel. The formulation is injectable as a melt slightly above the body temperature and forms a solid depot upon cooling to 37°C. The thermosensitive system was prepared by blending various combinations of phosphatidylcholines at specific weight ratios solubilized in laurinaldehyde. Of the blends investigated, distearoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) and egg-phosphatidylcholine (ePC) were found to be most miscible. A liquid-to-gel phase transition temperature (TC ) of 39°C was observed for the 70:30 (w/w) DSPC-ePC blend and a TC of 38.4°C with the addition of paclitaxel. Blends containing higher concentrations of ePC had a greater degree of swelling and weight loss. Furthermore, microscopy revealed an increase in porosity and erosion as the amount of ePC was increased in blends incubated in biologically relevant media. DSPC-ePC blends provided sustained release of paclitaxel over a 30-day period and the rate of drug release increased as the amount of ePC increased. Overall, the relationships established between the composition and properties of the blend may be employed to tailor the thermosensitive injectable formulation for localized chemotherapy of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Grant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Injected Depot DDS. Biomater Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-087780-8.00098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mikhail A, Sharifpoor S, Amsden B. Initiator structure influence on thermal and rheological properties of oligo(ε-caprolactone). JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 17:291-301. [PMID: 16689016 DOI: 10.1163/156856206775997278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable thermoplastic oligomers have potential as biomaterials for tissue augmentation and drug-delivery applications. One means of obtaining such a biomaterial is through the ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone using an alcohol initiator. In this paper we continue to examine the influence of the structure of the initiator used on the thermal and rheological properties of oligo(epsilon-caprolactone). Specifically, primary and secondary pentanol, and cis- and trans-pentenol were studied as initiators in the preparation of oligomers of constant molecular weight. In agreement with previous work, the secondary conformer yielded higher melt viscosities, lower degrees of crystallinity and lower glass transition temperatures. The cis conformer produced the lowest melt viscosity; however, the activation energy for flow was higher than obtained previously with oleyl alcohol. This result was attributed to the alkane chain lengths on either side of the cis double bond in the initiator. The order of melt viscosity increased with initiator conformer as follows: cis, trans, primary and secondary. The results were explained in terms of oligomer chain flexibility in the melt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mikhail
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Tomkins A, Kontopoulou M, Amsden B. Preparation and characterization of blends of star-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-D,L-lactide) and oligo(ε-caprolactone). JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 16:1009-21. [PMID: 16128234 DOI: 10.1163/1568562054414694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymer blending provides a relatively facile means of combining the separate desirable properties of different polymers into a single material. In this paper blends of a low-molecular-weight star co-polymer of epsilon-caprolactone and D,L-lactide with a linear oligo(epsilon-caprolactone) are prepared and characterized as a possible biodegradable injectable drug-delivery vehicle. The melting characteristics, melt viscosity and degree of crystallinity of the blends were measured, and an in vitro degradation study was performed over a period of 12 weeks. The blends all had a single glass transition temperature and an onset of melting point near body temperature, with the melting point range decreasing as the star co-polymer content increased. The melt viscosity of the blends increased as the star co-polymer content increased, in a manner consistent with miscible blend behavior. The star co-polymer degraded fastest, with a more than 60% mass decrease over the 12-week period. As the oligo(epsilon-caprolactone) content increased, the degradation rate decreased, with the oligo(epsilon-caprolactone) exhibiting a mass loss of only 12% over the 12-week period.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tomkins
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dupuis Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
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Wang J, NG CW, Win KY, Shoemakers P, Lee TKY, Feng SS, Wang CH. Release of paclitaxel from polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microparticles and discs under irradiation. J Microencapsul 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/02652040309178072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117576
| | - C. W. NG
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117576
| | - K. Y. Win
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117576
| | - P. Shoemakers
- Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117576
| | - T. K. Y. Lee
- Department of Chemical Technology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - S. S. Feng
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117576
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore, 119260
| | - C. H. Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117576
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Al-Ghananeem AM, Malkawi AH, Muammer YM, Balko JM, Black EP, Mourad W, Romond E. Intratumoral delivery of Paclitaxel in solid tumor from biodegradable hyaluronan nanoparticle formulations. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:410-7. [PMID: 19381833 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-009-9222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, novel paclitaxel-loaded cross-linked hyaluronan nanoparticles were engineered for the local delivery of paclitaxel as a prototype drug for cancer therapy. The nanoparticles were prepared using a desolvation method with polymer cross-linking. In vitro cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that less than 75% of the MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells were viable after 2-day exposure to paclitaxel-loaded hyaluronan nanoparticles or free paclitaxel, regardless of the dose. These results suggest that hyaluronan nanoparticles maintain the pharmacological activity of paclitaxel and efficiently deliver it to the cells. Furthermore, in vivo administration of the drug-loaded nanoparticles via direct intratumoral injection to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumor in female rats was studied. The paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles treated group showed effective inhibition of tumor growth in all treated rats. Interestingly, there was one case of complete remission of tumor nodule and two cases of persistent reduction of tumor size that was observed on subsequent days. In the case of free paclitaxel-treated group, the mean tumor volume increased almost linearly (R(2) = 0.93) with time to a size that was 4.9-fold larger than the baseline volume at 57 days post-drug administration. Intratumoral administration of paclitaxel-loaded hyaluronan nanoparticles could be a promising treatment modality for solid mammary tumors.
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Shikanov S, Shikanov A, Gofrit O, Nyska A, Corn B, Domb AJ. Intratumoral Delivery of Paclitaxel for Treatment of Orthotopic Prostate Cancer. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1005-14. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Shikanov A, Vaisman B, Shikanov S, Domb AJ. Efficacy of poly(sebacic acid-co-ricinoleic acid) biodegradable delivery system for intratumoral delivery of paclitaxel. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 92:1283-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ranjha NM, Mudassir J. Swelling and aspirin release study: cross-linked pH-sensitive vinyl acetate-co-acrylic acid (VAC-co-AA) hydrogels. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 34:512-21. [PMID: 18473234 DOI: 10.1080/03639040701744079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to develop new pH-sensitive hydrogels to deliver gastric mucosal irritating drugs to the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract. For this purpose, cross-linked vinyl acetate-co-acrylic acid (VAC-co-AA) hydrogels were synthesized by using N, N, methylene bisacrylamide (MBAAm) as a cross-linking agent. Different ratios of 90:10, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, and 10:90 of VAC-co-AA were synthesized. All of the compositions were cross-linked using 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and 0.60 mol percent MBAAm. Swelling and aspirin release were studied for 8 hour period. The drug release data were fitted into various kinetic models like the zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Peppas. Hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition to the above, these hydrogels were loaded with 2%, 8% and 14% w/v aspirin solutions, keeping the monomeric composition and degree of cross-linking constant. In conclusion, it can be said that aspirin can be successfully incorporated into cross-linked VAC/AA hydrogels and its swelling and drug release can be modulated by changing the mole fraction of the acid component in the gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazar Mohammad Ranjha
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
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Lam H, Gong X, Wu C. Novel differential refractometry study of the enzymatic degradation kinetics of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) particles dispersed in water. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:1531-5. [PMID: 17266357 DOI: 10.1021/jp066514n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) diblock copolymer was micronized into small micelle-like particles (approximately 80 nm) via dialysis-induced microphase inversion. The enzymatic biodegradation of the PCL portion of these particles in water was in situ investigated inside a recently developed novel differential refractometer. Using this refractometry method, we were able to monitor the real-time biodegradation via the refractive index change (Deltan) of the dispersion because Deltan is directly proportional to the particle mass concentration. We found that the degradation rate is proportional to either the polymer or enzyme concentration. Our results directly support previous speculation on the basis of the light-scattering data that the biodegradation follows the first-order kinetics for a given enzyme concentration. This study not only leads to a better understanding of the enzymatic biodegradation of PCL, but also demonstrates a novel, rapid, noninvasive, and convenient way to test the degradability of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- HiuFung Lam
- The Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026 China
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Chitkara D, Shikanov A, Kumar N, Domb AJ. Biodegradable Injectable In Situ Depot-Forming Drug Delivery Systems. Macromol Biosci 2006; 6:977-90. [PMID: 17128422 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200600129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The scope of drug-delivery systems has expanded significantly in recent years providing new ways to deliver life saving therapeutics to patients. The development of new injectable drug-delivery systems has provided new vistas and opened up unexplored horizons in the field of science, particularly in controlled drug delivery since these systems possess unique advantages over traditional ones, which include ease of application, and localized and prolonged drug delivery. In the past few years, an increasing number of such systems has been reported in the literature for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, cell encapsulation, and tissue repair. These are injectable fluids that can be introduced into the body in a minimally invasive manner prior to solidifying or gelling within the desired site. For this purpose both natural (chitosan, alginates) as well as synthetic polymers (PEGylated polyesters, ricinoleic acid-based polymers) have been utilized. These systems have been explored widely for the delivery of various therapeutic agents ranging for anti-neoplastic agents like paclitaxel to proteins and peptides such as insulin, almost covering every segment of the pharmaceutical field. This manuscript focuses on the recent advancements in the area of in situ forming biodegradable polymeric drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sec. 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, India
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Shikanov A, Ezra A, Domb AJ. Poly(sebacic acid-co-ricinoleic acid) biodegradable carrier for paclitaxel—effect of additives. J Control Release 2005; 105:52-67. [PMID: 15955366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2004] [Revised: 02/13/2005] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Injectable polymeric formulation for paclitaxel was studied. Poly ricinoleic acid and sebacic acid were synthesized. The effect of additives on the viscosity of polymer, paclitaxel release, and polymer degradation was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Additives that were used in this study were ricinoleic acid, phospholipid, PEG 400, and PEG 2000. Addition of 20% ricinoleic acid to P(SA:RA)3:7 liquefied the formulation and allowed injection of the formulation containing paclitaxel via a 22-G needle at room temperature with no effect on paclitaxel release rate. Addition of PEG 400, PEG 2000, and phospholipid to the formulation did not affect the paclitaxel release from the formulation. The degradation of modified formulations with paclitaxel and additives was examined in vitro and by subcutaneous injection of liquid formulations to the backspace via a 22-G needle into seven groups of four C3H mice. In vivo formulations with additives (20% ricinoleic acid and PEG or phospholipid) and 5% paclitaxel content degraded faster than the formulation with only 20% ricinoleic acid and the same paclitaxel content: 51% and 54% versus 43%. The slowest degradation (26% in 1 week) was of the formulation containing 10% paclitaxel. The release rate in vivo was affected by the paclitaxel content; the higher the content, the slower was the release. By using additives, we could adjust the physical characteristics of the surgical paste while maintaining a desirable system for sustained paclitaxel release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariella Shikanov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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22
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Quesnel R, Hildgen P. Synthesis of PLA-b-PEG multiblock copolymers for stealth drug carrier preparation. Molecules 2005; 10:98-104. [PMID: 18007279 PMCID: PMC6147529 DOI: 10.3390/10010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2004] [Accepted: 07/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method of preparing biodegradable and biocompatible multiblock copolymers from lactic acid and polyethylene glycol is proposed.
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23
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Packhaeuser CB, Schnieders J, Oster CG, Kissel T. In situ forming parenteral drug delivery systems: an overview. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2004; 58:445-55. [PMID: 15296966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2004.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2004] [Accepted: 01/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable injectable in situ forming drug delivery systems represent an attractive alternative to microspheres and implants as parenteral depot systems. Their importance will grow as numerous proteins will lose their patent protection in the near future. These devices may offer attractive opportunities for protein delivery and could possibly extend the patent life of protein drugs. The controlled release of bioactive macromolecules via (semi-) solid in situ forming systems has a number of advantages, such as ease of administration, less complicated fabrication, and less stressful manufacturing conditions for sensitive drug molecules. For these reasons, a number of polymeric drug delivery systems with the ability to form a drug reservoir at the injection site are under investigation. Here, we review various strategies used for the preparation of in situ forming parenteral drug depots and their potential benefits/draw-backs, especially with regard to the delivery of protein drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Packhaeuser
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
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24
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Jackson JK, Zhang X, Llewellen S, Hunter WL, Burt HM. The characterization of novel polymeric paste formulations for intratumoral delivery. Int J Pharm 2004; 270:185-98. [PMID: 14726134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to characterize a polymeric paste formulation of the anticancer drug paclitaxel that was injectable through a narrow gauge needle at room temperature and set to a solid implant in vivo for the intratumoral treatment of localized cancer. Pastes were manufactured from a triblock copolymer composed of poly(D,L-lactide-co-caprolactone)-block-polyethylene glycol-block-poly(D,L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLC-PEG-PLC) or triblock blended with a low molecular weight polymer methoxypolyethylene glycol (MePEG). Characterization of pastes was performed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and drug release studies. Paste integrity in water was measured by determining the degree of fragmentation under initial agitation. MePEG was found to be miscible with the triblock polymer and paclitaxel dissolved in various blends of these polymers up to 15% drug loading. Pastes composed of 40:60 triblock:MePEG blends and 10% paclitaxel were found to inject through a 23-gauge needle and set to a solid pellet in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 degrees C. Such pellets released paclitaxel in a controlled manner over 7 weeks. Pastes composed of 40:60 triblock:MePEG blends containing 10% paclitaxel are proposed as suitable injectable formulations of the drug for intratumoral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Jackson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2146 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
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25
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Shikanov A, Vaisman B, Krasko MY, Nyska A, Domb AJ. Poly(sebacic acid-co-ricinoleic acid) biodegradable carrier for paclitaxel:In vitro release andin vivo toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 69:47-54. [PMID: 14999750 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.20101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Polyesteranhydrides synthesized by the transesterification of ricinoleic acid and sebacic acid followed by anhydride polymerization were examined as potential controlled delivery carrier for paclitaxel. Solid and liquid polymers were used. Polymers containing 30% ricinoleic acid are solid whereas polymers containing 70% ricinoleic acid are liquid at body temperature and semisolid at room temperature. It was found that upon addition of the liquid polymer to water it solidifies to form a stable semisolid. Paclitaxel, a potent antitumor agent, was incorporated in the polymers (5-20% w/w) and its release in buffer solution was monitored. Paclitaxel was released for over 100 days while the polymer carrier was being degraded. The release rate was affected by the paclitaxel content; the higher the content, the slower was the release. The toxicity of the polymers and formulations with paclitaxel was examined by subcutaneous injection of liquid polymer samples or implantation of solid polymer specimens to mice for different time periods. Histopathological examination of the tissue surrounding the implant showed minor inflammation 1 week after the injection and no inflammation 3 weeks after implantation. Injection of the polymer without paclitaxel showed no adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariella Shikanov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
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Jackson JK, Liang LS, Hunter WL, Reynolds M, Sandberg JA, Springate C, Burt HM. The encapsulation of ribozymes in biodegradable polymeric matrices. Int J Pharm 2002; 243:43-55. [PMID: 12176294 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ribozymes are catalytic RNA that bind and cleave specific regions of target RNA. Therefore, protein synthesis by the target RNA may be specifically inhibited by ribozymes. However, ribozymes are rapidly cleared from plasma so effective treatment of proliferative diseases may rely on the repeated administration of these agents to maintain therapeutic ribozyme concentrations. Therefore, the objective of this study was to encapsulate ribozymes in injectable polymeric paste and microsphere formulations to allow for the controlled release of these agents over extended periods of time. Ribozymes were effectively encapsulated in poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) microspheres in various size ranges using a modified water-in-oil-in-water emulsion system and in poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) pastes by physical blending. These formulations released non-degraded ribozymes, in vitro, in a controlled manner. PLLA microspheres released the ribozymes rapidly whereas PLGA released drugs more slowly. The release rate of ribozymes from PCL pastes could be effectively controlled by altering the loading concentration of ribozymes in the paste. These polymeric injectable formulations of ribozymes may allow for the extended treatment of localized disease sites, such as cancer and arthritis, without the need for repeated dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Jackson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 2146 East Mall, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
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27
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Abstract
The ability to inject a drug incorporated into a polymer to a localized site and have the polymer form a semi-solid drug depot has a number of advantages. Among these advantages is ease of application and localized, prolonged drug delivery. For these reasons a large number of in situ setting polymeric delivery systems have been developed and investigated for use in delivering a wide variety of drugs. In this article we introduce the various strategies that have been used to prepare in situ setting systems, and outline their advantages and disadvantages as localized drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hatefi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada
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28
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Kissel T, Li Y, Unger F. ABA-triblock copolymers from biodegradable polyester A-blocks and hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) B-blocks as a candidate for in situ forming hydrogel delivery systems for proteins. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2002; 54:99-134. [PMID: 11755708 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(01)00244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are very attractive delivery systems for hydrophilic macromolecules such as proteins and DNA because they provide a protective environment and allow control of diffusion by adjusting cross-link densities. Physically cross-linked hydrogels generated by rapid swelling upon exposure to an aqueous environment can be obtained from ABA triblock copolymers containing hydrophobic polyester A-blocks and hydrophilic polyether B-blocks. They provide an attractive alternative to chemically cross-linked systems since they allow incorporation of macromolecular drug substances under mild process conditions. Moreover, they show controlled degradation behavior and excellent biocompatibility. In this review the synthesis and characterization of ABA triblock copolymers from polyester hard segments and poly(ethylene oxide) [PEO] soft segments as well as their biological and degradation properties will be discussed. Their use as biodegradable drug delivery devices in the form of implants, micro- and nanospheres has attracted considerable interest especially for proteins and may provide an alternative to poly(lactide-co-glycolide).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kissel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
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29
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Kim SY, Lee YM. Taxol-loaded block copolymer nanospheres composed of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(epsilon-caprolactone) as novel anticancer drug carriers. Biomaterials 2001; 22:1697-704. [PMID: 11396872 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We prepared the methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MePEG)/poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) amphiphilic block copolymeric nanospheres containing taxol which has promising anticancer activity. MePEG/PCL block copolymeric nanospheres (MEP50) showed a narrow size distribution and an average diameter of less than 100 nm. When the initial weight ratio of taxol to polymer was 0.5:1.0, we could obtain the nanospheres having a relatively high drug-loading of more than about 20%. The size of the MePEG/PCL nanospheres also increased according to the taxol loading. However, the nanospheres did not exhibit a significant change in the size distribution and also showed a size of less than 100 nm for even that with drug-loading content (DLC) of about 20%. From the 1H NMR analysis, we identified that the MePEG/PCL nanospheres prepared by dialysis procedure have core-shell structure consisting of the hydrophilic outer shell of MePEG and the hydrophobic inner core of PCL. We confirmed the low toxicity of MePEG/PCL nanospheres (MEP70) in the acute toxicity study using male ICR mice. In addition, considering the extremely lipophilic characteristics of taxol, this MePEG/PCL, nanosphere system with high taxol loading content and suspended properties in water could be useful for the delivery of taxol.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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30
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Ali S, Minchey S, Janoff A, Mayhew E. A differential scanning calorimetry study of phosphocholines mixed with paclitaxel and its bromoacylated taxanes. Biophys J 2000; 78:246-56. [PMID: 10620289 PMCID: PMC1300633 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to investigate the thermotropic phase properties of binary mixtures of disaturated phosphocholines (PCs) and alpha-bromoacyl taxane derivatives. The alpha-bromoacyl taxanes were synthesized as hydrolyzable hydrophobic prodrugs of paclitaxel. The PCs used were 1, 2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidyl-choline (DMPC), 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and 1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DSPC). The bromoacyl chain lengths of the taxane prodrugs were varied from 6 to 12 or 16 carbons. For comparison, paclitaxel and PC mixtures were also examined. DSC data from DPPC and bromoacyl taxane mixtures showed a complete abolition of the pretransition and significant broadening of the main phase transition with increasing amounts of bromoacyl taxane prodrugs. The effects were more pronounced with the long-chain compared to the short-chain prodrugs. Under equivalent DSC conditions, the short-chain DMPC showed greater changes in thermotropic phase behavior than with DPPC on taxane addition, suggesting an enhanced degree of association with the fluid-type bilayers. Under similar conditions, the long-chain DSPC bilayers showed a far less significant change in phase behavior on taxane addition than DPPC. These changes were also chain length-dependent for both the PCs and the taxane prodrugs. In contrast, PC and paclitaxel (lacking the acyl chain) mixtures under similar conditions showed insignificant changes in the endotherms, suggesting only slight insertion of the molecule into the PC bilayers. From the DSC data it is apparent that taxane prodrugs solvated in DMPC bilayers more than in DPPC and DSPC bilayers, and taxane prodrugs with longer acyl chains were able to associate with PCs better than those with shorter chain prodrugs. DSC data also suggest that paclitaxel was poorly associated with any of the PCs. In general, the amount of taxane association with bilayers decreased in order: DMPC > DPPC >> DSPC. In contrast, the transition enthalpy (DeltaH) of DMPC, DPPC, and DSPC mixtures with paclitaxel showed significantly lower enthalpies than with taxane prodrugs. Taken together, the DSC data suggest that the acyl chains of paclitaxel prodrugs have some access into the bilayers via alignment with the acyl chain of the PC component.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ali
- The Liposome Company, Inc., One Research Way, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
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Yamamoto Y, Nagasaki Y, Kato M, Kataoka K. Surface charge modulation of poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(d,l-lactide) block copolymer micelles: conjugation of charged peptides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7765(99)00065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Yasugi K, Nagasaki Y, Kato M, Kataoka K. Preparation and characterization of polymer micelles from poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) block copolymers as potential drug carrier. J Control Release 1999; 62:89-100. [PMID: 10518640 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) block copolymers (PEG-PLA) with varying composition were prepared through successive ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide and D,L-lactide using an anionic initiator, and their property of multimolecular micellization in aqueous milieu was examined in detail from the standpoint of designing carriers for hydrophobic drugs. The heterogeneity of PEG-PLA was found to crucially affect the size and distribution of micelles, and narrowly-distributed micelles with sizes of approximately 30 nm in diameter were formed only from PEG-PLA with a substantially narrow molecular weight distribution and an appropriate balance in the length ratio of the PEG and PLA segments in PEG-PLA, indicating the importance of establishing a reliable synthetic route for the block copolymers. PEG-PLA micelles have a considerably low critical association concentration (approximately 1.0 mg/l) which is apparently an advantage in utilizing these micelles as drug carriers in an extremely diluted condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yasugi
- Department of Materials Science, Science University of Tokyo, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan
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Abstract
While the search for new antineoplastic agents is in progress, optimization of delivery for existing drugs will remarkably improve the current scenario in the management of cancer. Paclitaxel, a new antineoplastic agent, is one such drug deserving attention in the field of regional drug delivery, offering immense pharmacokinetic as well as therapeutic advantage via localized delivery. The antiangiogenic activity of paclitaxel has been demonstrated using the chick chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM). This review focuses on the antiangiogenic activity of paclitaxel supported by the evidence that angiogenesis inhibitors display potential synergism with cytotoxic agents in the treatment of primary and metastatic cancers. Preclinical trials have confirmed that the biological and cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel on several tumor cell lines are enhanced by the increase in both the drug concentration and the duration of exposure. Sufficient experimental evidence has accumulated to state that localized delivery will exploit the multiple pharmacological effects of paclitaxel in the treatment of refractory and metastatic cancerous diseases. The drug delivery systems, namely, microspheres, surgical pastes and implants, fabricated for localized paclitaxel delivery are reviewed explaining the concept of increased tumor burden alleviating body burden as a consequence of such delivery systems. Some of the preclinical trials are very encouraging and speculate a promising future for these devices in the battle against solid tumors. Finally, the review briefs on the possibilities for better paclitaxel delivery and the future drug delivery systems for localized cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Dhanikula
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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Machan L, Burt HM, Hunter WL. Local delivery of chemotherapy: a supplement to existing cancer treatments. A case for surgical pastes and coated stents. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1997; 26:199-207. [PMID: 10837543 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(97)00035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Local application or direct tumor injection of chemotherapeutic drugs has been proposed as a method by which local drug concentrations can be maximized in the immediate tumor environment while systemic exposure and non-target organ toxicity is minimized. Multiple opportunities are available to combine local drug delivery with widely practised, existing medical and surgical therapies. Surgical interventions, including both open and laparoscopic procedures, allow the physician to directly visualize and manipulate pathological tissues. Intraoperative placement of implantable therapeutic compounds (barriers to prevent adhesions, sustained-release antibiotics, tissue 'glues' and hemostatic agents) at or near the disease site is increasingly common in surgical practice. Less invasive therapies assisted by diagnostic imaging (fluoroscopy, ultrasound, CT and MRI scanning) have made accurate needle or catheter placement for drainage (abscesses, cysts, obstructions), injection (contrast media, pharmacological agents, embolic agents) and therapeutic purposes (endoluminal stents, venous filters) widely practised interventional medical procedures. This article describes a chemotherapeutic polymer-based paste we have developed for application at the time of surgery to reduce local recurrence of disease at tumor resection sites and a chemotherapeutic polymer-coated stent for use in the palliative management of malignant obstruction to improve the effective lifespan of the device (e.g., esophageal, biliary, prostate, and pulmonary disease). Despite the growth of local therapy in other disease states, regional cytotoxic drug therapy has not been widely deployed in the management of malignancy due to a clinical bias that local therapy will have limited utility in what is considered to be a systemic disease. In the above manner, local drug delivery could be incorporated into therapeutic protocols designed to enhance, not replace, the efficacy of existing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Machan
- Departmental Radiology, University Hospital - UBC Site, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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