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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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2
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Xiao W, He K, Yu C, Zhou Z, Xia L, Xie S, Li H, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Luo P, Wen L, Chen G. Space Station-like Composite Nanoparticles for Co-Delivery of Multiple Natural Compounds from Chinese Medicine and Hydrogen in Combating Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:3987-4006. [PMID: 37503854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Ototoxic drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics and cisplatin (CDDP) can cause sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which is closely related to oxidative stress and the acidification of the inner ear microenvironment. Effective treatment of SNHL often requires multifaceted approach due to the complex pathology, and drug combination therapy is expected to be at the forefront of modern hearing loss treatment. Here, space-station-like composite nanoparticles (CCC@mPP NPs) with pH/oxidation dual responsiveness and multidrug simultaneous delivery capability were constructed and then loaded with various drugs including panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), tanshinone IIA (TSIIA), and ammonia borane (AB) to provide robust protection against SNHL. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed that carboxymethyl chitosan/calcium carbonate-chitosan (CCC) NPs and monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-PLGA (mPP) NPs can rendezvous and dock primarily by hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic forces may be involved. Moreover, CCC@mPP NPs crossed the round window membrane (RWM) and entered the inner ear through endocytosis and paracellular pathway. The docking state was basically maintained during this process, which created favorable conditions for multidrug delivery. This nanosystem was highly sensitive to pH and reactive oxygen species (ROS) changes, as evidenced by the restricted release of payload at alkaline condition (pH 7.4) without ROS, while significantly promoting the release in acidic condition (pH 5.0 and 6.0) with ROS. TSIIA/PNS/AB-loaded CCC@mPP NPs almost completely preserved the hair cells and remained the hearing threshold shift within normal limits in aminoglycoside- or CDDP-treated guinea pigs. Further experiments demonstrated that the protective mechanisms of TSIIA/PNS/AB-loaded CCC@mPP NPs involved direct and indirect scavenging of excessive ROS, and reduced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed the high biocompatibility of the composite NPs, even after long-term administration. Collectively, this work suggests that composite NPs is an ideal multi-drug-delivery vehicle and open new avenues for inner ear disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kerui He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zeming Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liye Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shibao Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hanqi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Sunho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 000853, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 000853, China
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Omar NE, Elewa H. Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: a novel approach to an ancient problem. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2023; 33:111-115. [PMID: 37068004 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
With the scarcity of pharmacological otoprotective agents against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity (CIO), researchers find themselves compelled to look at and navigate all possible strategies to identify ways to prevent CIO. One of these promising strategies is pharmacogenomic implementation. This strategy aims for identifying and detecting high-risk genetic variants to tailor cisplatin therapy to reach the best survival outcomes with the least risk of ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil E Omar
- Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation
- Clinical and Population Health Research, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hazem Elewa
- Clinical and Population Health Research, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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O'Sullivan JDB, Bullen A, Mann ZF. Mitochondrial form and function in hair cells. Hear Res 2023; 428:108660. [PMID: 36525891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hair cells (HCs) are specialised sensory receptors residing in the neurosensory epithelia of inner ear sense organs. The precise morphological and physiological properties of HCs allow us to perceive sound and interact with the world around us. Mitochondria play a significant role in normal HC function and are also intricately involved in HC death. They generate ATP essential for sustaining the activity of ion pumps, Ca2+ transporters and the integrity of the stereociliary bundle during transduction as well as regulating cytosolic calcium homoeostasis during synaptic transmission. Advances in imaging techniques have allowed us to study mitochondrial populations throughout the HC, and how they interact with other organelles. These analyses have identified distinct mitochondrial populations between the apical and basolateral portions of the HC, in which mitochondrial morphology appears determined by the physiological processes in the different cellular compartments. Studies in HCs across species show that ototoxic agents, ageing and noise damage directly impact mitochondrial structure and function resulting in HC death. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying this mitochondrial sensitivity, and how their morphology relates to their function during HC death, requires that we first understand this relationship in the context of normal HC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D B O'Sullivan
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral, Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, U.K
| | - Anwen Bullen
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1×8EE, U.K.
| | - Zoë F Mann
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral, Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, U.K.
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Gill G, Blakley BW. Does N-acetylcysteine Improve Established Hearing Loss in Guinea Pigs? OTO Open 2022; 6:2473974X221100545. [PMID: 35602237 PMCID: PMC9118440 DOI: 10.1177/2473974x221100545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess whether multiple injections of a powerful antioxidant can improve established sensorineural hearing loss in guinea pigs. Study Design Animal study. Setting Animal science laboratory, University of Manitoba. Methods A total of 16 guinea pigs were used in our study: 8 underwent unilateral intracochlear neomycin injection, and 8 underwent unilateral saline to serve as controls. After a period of 3 weeks for hearing loss to stabilize, 4 guinea pigs from each group received weekly intraperitoneal injections of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for 4 weeks. Click auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing was conducted at baseline, weekly after the start of NAC injections, and after the last injection. Pure tone ABR tests were conducted prior to intracochlear injections and at completion of the study. Results Click ABR thresholds were significantly worse in ears treated with neomycin (P < .001), as expected, but not significantly different when treated with NAC (P = .664). Thresholds for pure tone ABR were also not statistically different in neomycin-treated ears with or without NAC (P > .99). Conclusions The aggressive antioxidant therapy performed in this study was not successful in improving established hearing loss via an antioxidant regimen that is known to change the oxidation-reduction potential in the cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gia Gill
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Brian W. Blakley
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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ASK1 is a novel molecular target for preventing aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:797-813. [PMID: 35471608 PMCID: PMC9110505 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are lifesaving medicines, crucial for the treatment of chronic or drug resistant infections. However, aminoglycosides are toxic to the sensory hair cells in the inner ear. As a result, aminoglycoside-treated individuals can develop permanent hearing loss and vestibular impairment. There is considerable evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the subsequent phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38) drives apoptosis in aminoglycoside-treated hair cells. However, treatment strategies that directly inhibit ROS, JNK, or P38 are limited by the importance of these molecules for normal cellular function. Alternatively, the upstream regulator apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1/MAP3K5) is a key mediator of ROS-induced JNK and P38 activation under pathologic but not homeostatic conditions. We investigated ASK1 as a mediator of drug-induced hair cell death using cochlear explants from Ask1 knockout mice, demonstrating that Ask1 deficiency attenuates neomycin-induced hair cell death. We then evaluated pharmacological inhibition of ASK1 with GS-444217 as a potential otoprotective therapy. GS-444217 significantly attenuated hair cell death in neomycin-treated explants but did not impact aminoglycoside efficacy against P. aeruginosa in the broth dilution test. Overall, we provide significant pre-clinical evidence that ASK1 inhibition represents a novel strategy for preventing aminoglycoside ototoxicity. KEY MESSAGES: • ASK1 is an upstream, redox-sensitive regulator of P38 and JNK, which are known mediators of hair cell death. • Ask1 knockout does not affect hair cell development in vivo, but significantly reduces aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death in vitro. • A small-molecule inhibitor of ASK1 attenuates neomycin-induced hair cell death, and does not impact antibiotic efficacy in vitro. • ASK1 may be a novel molecular target for preventing aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss.
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Ramkumar V, Mukherjea D, Dhukhwa A, Rybak LP. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Caused by Cisplatin Ototoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121919. [PMID: 34943021 PMCID: PMC8750101 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a significant health problem that can result from a variety of exogenous insults that generate oxidative stress and inflammation. This can produce cellular damage and impairment of hearing. Radiation damage, ageing, damage produced by cochlear implantation, acoustic trauma and ototoxic drug exposure can all generate reactive oxygen species in the inner ear with loss of sensory cells and hearing loss. Cisplatin ototoxicity is one of the major causes of hearing loss in children and adults. This review will address cisplatin ototoxicity. It includes discussion of the mechanisms associated with cisplatin-induced hearing loss including uptake pathways for cisplatin entry, oxidative stress due to overpowering antioxidant defense mechanisms, and the recently described toxic pathways that are activated by cisplatin, including necroptosis and ferroptosis. The cochlea contains G-protein coupled receptors that can be activated to provide protection. These include adenosine A1 receptors, cannabinoid 2 receptors (CB2) and the Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor 2 (S1PR2). A variety of heat shock proteins (HSPs) can be up-regulated in the cochlea. The use of exosomes offers a novel method of delivery of HSPs to provide protection. A reversible MET channel blocker that can be administered orally may block cisplatin uptake into the cochlear cells. Several protective agents in preclinical studies have been shown to not interfere with cisplatin efficacy. Statins have shown efficacy in reducing cisplatin ototoxicity without compromising patient response to treatment. Additional clinical trials could provide exciting findings in the prevention of cisplatin ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vickram Ramkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, 801 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62702, USA; (V.R.); (A.D.)
| | - Debashree Mukherjea
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, 801 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62702, USA;
| | - Asmita Dhukhwa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, 801 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62702, USA; (V.R.); (A.D.)
| | - Leonard P. Rybak
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, 801 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62702, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +1-217-545-6544
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(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) prevents aminoglycosides-induced ototoxicity via anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic pathways. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 150:110920. [PMID: 34500358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.110920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aminoglycoside-induced cochlear ototoxicity causes inner ear hair cells (HCs) loss and leads to hearing impairment in patients, but no treatment completely eliminates the ototoxic effect. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a protective agent against aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity. METHODS Zebrafish were exposed to EGCG for 24 h and then co-treated with EGCG and ototoxic agent (amikacin and gentamicin) for 5 h to explore the protective effect of EGCG on zebrafish HCs. Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking simulation were conducted to explore its potential mechanism, and in vitro cell experiments were used to validate the outcome of the result. RESULT EGCG against ototoxicity of aminoglycosides in zebrafish HCs. Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking showing that molecules related to cellular response regulation to oxidative stress, including AKT1, DHFR, and MET, may be the target proteins of EGCG, which were verified in vitro experiments. Further experiments demonstrated thatEGCG can antagonize the death of HCs caused by amikacin and gentamicin by reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and anti-apoptosis. CONCLUSION EGCG can be an otoprotective drug against aminoglycosides-induced ototoxicity, prevent cellular apoptosis and significantly reduce oxidative stress.
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Finch LE, Cardonick EH. Incidence of childhood hearing loss after in utero exposure to platinum agents. Prenat Diagn 2021; 41:1467-1474. [PMID: 34462927 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE When treated for childhood cancers, at least 50% of children exposed to platinum agents have permanent hearing loss. We determined the relative risk of childhood hearing loss after in utero exposure to platinum chemotherapy in our registry cohort. METHOD After exposure to platinum chemotherapy in utero, all children undergo routine newborn hearing screening. This consists of Otoacoustic Emissions. Children who failed this screen were evaluated by audiologists. For those children with hearing loss by Automated Auditory Brainstem Response, prenatal and postnatal treatment details were compared to platinum exposed children without hearing loss. RESULTS Three hundred and seven children were exposed to chemotherapy in utero. Four children were diagnosed with hearing loss, all exposed to platinum agents. Chemotherapy exposures included: Cisplatin/Paclitaxel (2), Etoposide/Cisplatin/Bleomycin (1), Carboplatin/Paclitaxel (1) to treat ovarian (2), or cervical cancer (2). Of the 39 platinum exposed without hearing loss: 11 children were exposed to oxaliplatin, 16 were exposed to cisplatin and 12 to carboplatin in utero. Two hundred and sixty four women received non-platinum based chemotherapy for various cancers during pregnancy. Among these, there were no cases of hearing loss. There was a significant difference in hearing loss based on exposure to platinum agents in utero compared to non-platinum-containing chemotherapy regimens, 4/43 versus 0/264, p = 0.0003. There were no statistical differences in prenatal and postnatal treatment details, including: gestational age at diagnosis, at first chemotherapy treatment, at first platinum treatment, at delivery (<32 weeks, <35 weeks, <37 weeks), gender, birthweight, birthweight percentile, rates of intrauterine growth restriction, neonatal complications or use of postnatal antibiotics between the platinum exposed children with and without hearing loss. CONCLUSION The only children in the registry exposed to chemotherapy who were diagnosed with hearing loss had been exposed to cisplatin or carboplatin in utero. No hearing loss occurred in children exposed to oxaliplatin, or non-platinum agents. Due to a concern for cisplatin ototoxicity, carboplatin is the preferred platinum agent for use in pregnancy when equivalent maternal survival can be expected for the particular cancer type. For newborns exposed to platinum agents in utero, newborn screening with an auditory emissions test at birth (OES) may not detect sensorineural hearing loss and auditory brainstem response testing is recommended, regardless of the newborn screening result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Finch
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Elyce H Cardonick
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Department, Cooper University Hospital, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
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Kador PF, Salvi R. Multifunctional Redox Modulators Protect Auditory, Visual, and Cognitive Function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 36:1136-1157. [PMID: 34162214 PMCID: PMC9221172 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Oxidative stress contributes to vision, hearing and neurodegenerative disorders. Currently, no treatments prevent these disorders; therefore, there is an urgent need for redox modulators that can prevent these disorders. Recent Advances: Oxidative stress is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species, metal dyshomeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we discuss the role that oxidative stress and metal dyshomeostasis play in hearing loss, visual impairments, and neurodegeneration and discuss the benefits of a new class of multifunctional redox modulators (MFRMs) that suppress sensory and neural degeneration. MFRMs not only reduce free radicals but also independently bind transition metals associated with the generation of hydroxyl radicals. The MFRMs redistribute zinc from neurotoxic amyloid beta zinc (Aβ:Zn) complexes to the cytoplasm, facilitating the degradation of Aβ plaques by matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2). Although MFRMs bind copper (Cu1+, Cu2+), iron (Fe2+, Fe3+), zinc (Zn2+), and manganese (Mn2+), they do not deplete free cytoplasmic Zn+2 and they protect mitochondria from Mn+2-induced dysfunction. Oral administration of MFRMs reduce ROS-induced cataracts, protect the retina from light-induced degeneration, reduce neurotoxic Aβ:Zn plaque formation, and protect auditory hair cells from noise-induced hearing loss. Critical Issues: Regulation of redox balance is essential for clinical efficacy in maintaining sensory functions. Future Directions: Future use of these MFRMs requires additional pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, and toxicological data to bring them into widespread clinical use. Additional animal studies are also needed to determine whether MFRMs can prevent neurodegeneration, dementia, and other forms of vision and hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Kador
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Richard Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Babolmorad G, Latif A, Domingo IK, Pollock NM, Delyea C, Rieger AM, Allison WT, Bhavsar AP. Toll-like receptor 4 is activated by platinum and contributes to cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51280. [PMID: 33733573 PMCID: PMC8097357 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and can also be activated by some Group 9/10 transition metals, which is believed to mediate immune hypersensitivity reactions. In this work, we test whether TLR4 can be activated by the Group 10 metal platinum and the platinum-based chemotherapeutic cisplatin. Cisplatin is invaluable in childhood cancer treatment but its use is limited due to a permanent hearing loss (cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, CIO) adverse effect. We demonstrate that platinum and cisplatin activate pathways downstream of TLR4 to a similar extent as the known TLR4 agonists LPS and nickel. We further show that TLR4 is required for cisplatin-induced inflammatory, oxidative, and cell death responses in hair cells in vitro and for hair cell damage in vivo. Finally, we identify a TLR4 small molecule inhibitor able to curtail cisplatin toxicity in vitro. Thus, our findings indicate that TLR4 is a promising therapeutic target to mitigate CIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Babolmorad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Asna Latif
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Ivan K Domingo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Niall M Pollock
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Cole Delyea
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Aja M Rieger
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - W Ted Allison
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
- Department of Medical GeneticsFaculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Amit P Bhavsar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
- Department of Medical GeneticsFaculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
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Hong H, Dowdy DW, Dooley KE, Francis HW, Budhathoki C, Han HR, Farley JE. Risk of hearing loss among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients according to cumulative aminoglycoside dose. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:65-72. [PMID: 32005308 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: The ototoxic effects of aminoglycosides (AGs) lead to permanent hearing loss, which is one of the devastating consequences of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment. As AG ototoxicity is dose-dependent, the impact of a surrogate measure of AG exposure on AG-induced hearing loss warrants close attention for settings with limited therapeutic drug monitoring.OBJECTIVE: To explore the prognostic impact of cumulative AG dose on AG ototoxicity in patients following initiation of AG-containing treatment for MDR-TB.DESIGN: This prospective cohort study was nested within an ongoing cluster-randomized trial of nurse case management intervention across 10 MDR-TB hospitals in South Africa.RESULTS: The adjusted hazard of AG regimen modification due to ototoxicity in the high-dose group (≥75 mg/kg/week) was 1.33 times higher than in the low-dose group (<75 mg/kg/week, 95%CI 1.09-1.64). The adjusted hazard of developing audiometric hearing loss was 1.34 times higher than in the low-dose group (95%CI 1.01-1.77). Pre-existing hearing loss (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.71, 95%CI 1.29-2.26) and age (aHR 1.16 per 10 years of age, 95%CI 1.01-1.33) were also associated with an increased risk of hearing loss.CONCLUSION: MDR-TB patients with high AG dose, advanced age and pre-existing hearing loss have a significantly higher risk of AG-induced hearing loss. Those at high risk may be candidates for more frequent monitoring or AG-sparing regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hong
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, The REACH Initiative, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD
| | - D W Dowdy
- Departments of Epidemiology and International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - K E Dooley
- Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - H W Francis
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - C Budhathoki
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD
| | - H-R Han
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, Center for Cardiovascular and Chronic Care, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J E Farley
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, The REACH Initiative, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD
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Chen Y, Bielefeld EC, Mellott JG, Wang W, Mafi AM, Yamoah EN, Bao J. Early Physiological and Cellular Indicators of Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2021; 22:107-126. [PMID: 33415542 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-020-00782-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin chemotherapy often causes permanent hearing loss, which leads to a multifaceted decrease in quality of life. Identification of early cisplatin-induced cochlear damage would greatly improve clinical diagnosis and provide potential drug targets to prevent cisplatin's ototoxicity. With improved functional and immunocytochemical assays, a recent seminal discovery revealed that synaptic loss between inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons is a major form of early cochlear damage induced by noise exposure or aging. This breakthrough discovery prompted the current study to determine early functional, cellular, and molecular changes for cisplatin-induced hearing loss, in part to determine if synapse injury is caused by cisplatin exposure. Cisplatin was delivered in one to three treatment cycles to both male and female mice. After the cisplatin treatment of three cycles, threshold shift was observed across frequencies tested like previous studies. After the treatment of two cycles, beside loss of outer hair cells and an increase in high-frequency hearing thresholds, a significant latency delay of auditory brainstem response wave 1 was observed, including at a frequency region where there were no changes in hearing thresholds. The wave 1 latency delay was detected as early cisplatin-induced ototoxicity after only one cycle of treatment, in which no significant threshold shift was found. In the same mice, mitochondrial loss in the base of the cochlea and declining mitochondrial morphometric health were observed. Thus, we have identified early spiral ganglion-associated functional and cellular changes after cisplatin treatment that precede significant threshold shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- Translational Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 95616, USA
| | - Eric C Bielefeld
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University, 110 Pressey Hall, 1070 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Mellott
- Translational Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Weijie Wang
- Translational Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Amir M Mafi
- Translational Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Ebenezer N Yamoah
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 95616, USA
| | - Jianxin Bao
- Translational Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.
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14
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Wu J, Ye J, Kong W, Zhang S, Zheng Y. Programmed cell death pathways in hearing loss: A review of apoptosis, autophagy and programmed necrosis. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12915. [PMID: 33047870 PMCID: PMC7653260 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD)—apoptosis, autophagy and programmed necrosis—is any pathological form of cell death mediated by intracellular processes. Ototoxic drugs, ageing and noise exposure are some common pathogenic factors of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) that can induce the programmed death of auditory hair cells through different pathways, and eventually lead to the loss of hair cells. Furthermore, several mutations in apoptotic genes including DFNA5, DFNA51 and DFNB74 have been suggested to be responsible for the new functional classes of monogenic hearing loss (HL). Therefore, in this review, we elucidate the role of these three forms of PCD in different types of HL and discuss their guiding significance for HL treatment. We believe that further studies of PCD pathways are necessary to understand the pathogenesis of HL and guide scientists and clinicians to identify new drug targets for HL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Ye
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weili Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shouyue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Yu C, Wang Z, Sun Z, Zhang L, Zhang W, Xu Y, Zhang JJ. Platinum-Based Combination Therapy: Molecular Rationale, Current Clinical Uses, and Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13397-13412. [PMID: 32813515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Platinum drugs are common in chemotherapy, but their clinical applications have been limited due to drug resistance and severe toxic effects. The combination of platinum drugs with other drugs with different mechanisms of anticancer action, especially checkpoint inhibitors, is increasingly popular. This combination is the leading strategy to improve the therapeutic efficiency and minimize the side effects of platinum drugs. In this review, we focus on the mechanistic basis of the combinations of platinum-based drugs with other drugs to inspire the development of more promising platinum-based combination regimens in clinical trials as well as novel multitargeting platinum drugs overcoming drug resistance and toxicities resulting from current platinum drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zeren Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wanwan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yungen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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16
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Zhong Z, Fu X, Li H, Chen J, Wang M, Gao S, Zhang L, Cheng C, Zhang Y, Li P, Zhang S, Qian X, Shu Y, Chai R, Gao X. Citicoline Protects Auditory Hair Cells Against Neomycin-Induced Damage. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:712. [PMID: 32984303 PMCID: PMC7487320 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycoside-induced hair cell (HC) loss is one of the most important causes of hearing loss. After entering the inner ear, aminoglycosides induce the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that subsequently activate apoptosis in HCs. Citicoline, a nucleoside derivative, plays a therapeutic role in central nervous system injury and in neurodegenerative disease models, including addictive disorders, stroke, head trauma, and cognitive impairment in the elderly, and has been widely used in the clinic as an FDA approved drug. However, its effect on auditory HCs remains unknown. Here, we used HC-like HEI-OC-1 cells and whole organ explant cultured mouse cochleae to explore the effect of citicoline on aminoglycoside-induced HC damage. Consistent with previous reports, both ROS levels and apoptosis were significantly increased in neomycin-induced cochlear HCs and HEI-OC-1 cells compared to undamaged controls. Interestingly, we found that co-treatment with citicoline significantly protected against neomycin-induced HC loss in both HEI-OC-1 cells and whole organ explant cultured cochleae. Furthermore, we demonstrated that citicoline could significantly reduce neomycin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit neomycin-induced ROS accumulation and subsequent apoptosis. Thus, we conclude that citicoline can protect against neomycin-induced HC loss by inhibiting ROS aggregation and thus preventing apoptosis in HCs, and this suggests that citicoline might serve as a potential therapeutic drug in the clinic to protect HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zhong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Maohua Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peipei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Yi J, Kim TS, Pak JH, Chung JW. Protective Effects of Glucose-Related Protein 78 and 94 on Cisplatin-Mediated Ototoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E686. [PMID: 32748834 PMCID: PMC7465420 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug for treating various solid tumors. Ototoxicity is a major dose-limiting side effect of cisplatin, which causes progressive and irreversible sensorineural hearing loss. Here, we examined the protective effects of glucose-related protein (GRP) 78 and 94, also identified as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone proteins, on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Treating murine auditory cells (HEI-OC1) with 25 μM cisplatin for 24 h increased cell death resulting from excessive intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and caspase-involved apoptotic signaling pathway activation with subsequent DNA fragmentation. GRP78 and GRP94 expression was increased in cells treated with 3 nM thapsigargin or 0.1 μg/mL tunicamycin for 24 h, referred to as mild ER stress condition. This condition, prior to cisplatin exposure, attenuated cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. The involvement of GRP78 and GRP94 induction was demonstrated by the knockdown of GRP78 or GRP94 expression using small interfering RNAs, which abolished the protective effect of mild ER stress condition on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. These results indicated that GRP78 and GRP94 induction plays a protective role in remediating cisplatin-ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyeong Yi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Tae Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24341, Korea
| | - Jhang Ho Pak
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jong Woo Chung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
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18
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Otoprotective Effect of 2,3,4',5-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2- O-β-d-Glucoside on Gentamicin-Induced Apoptosis in Mouse Cochlear UB/OC-2 Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133070. [PMID: 32640539 PMCID: PMC7412181 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to mitochondrial damage and apoptotic cell death in gentamicin-induced ototoxicity. 2,3,4',5-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (THSG), a bioactive constituent, isolated from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., exhibits numerous biological benefits in treating aging-related diseases by suppressing oxidative damage. However, its protective effect on gentamicin-induced ototoxicity remains unexplored. Therefore, here, we aimed to investigate the otoprotective effect of THSG on gentamicin-induced apoptosis in mouse cochlear UB/OC-2 cells. We evaluated the effect of gentamicin and THSG on the ROS level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear condensation, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was assessed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying its preventive effects. The findings demonstrated that gentamicin increased ROS generation, LDH release, and promoted apoptotic cell death in UB/OC-2 cells. However, THSG treatment reversed these effects by suppressing ROS production and downregulating the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Additionally, it increased the SOD activity, decreased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, alleviated the levels of the apoptotic cells, and impaired cytotoxicity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that THSG could be a potential therapeutic option to attenuate gentamicin-induced ototoxicity.
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19
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Kita A, Saldate J, Chang C, Chellappa N, Jong J, Matsuda R, Schmidt A, Shih B, Shafqat I, Schoettler K, Acharya S, Seidlits S, Hoffman L. Implantable Drug Reservoir Devices for Inner Ear Delivery of Pharmacotherapeutics. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 163:791-798. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599820930229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug that secondarily induces toxicity in inner ear sensory epithelia, contributing to auditory and vestibular dysfunction. We describe the creation of a drug reservoir device (DRD) to combat this ototoxicity for the duration of chemotherapy. As ototoxic side effects of chemotherapy may limit an oncologist’s ability to prescribe first-line agents such as cisplatin, mitigating such devastating effects through prolonged topical therapy would be tremendously valuable. Study Design We investigated (1) the ability of an electrospun polylactic acid DRD to provide prolonged delivery of the posited otoprotectant metformin and (2) the development of an in vitro model utilizing Sh-Sy5y human neuroblastoma cells to assess the efficacy of metformin in reducing cisplatin-induced toxicity. Setting Neurophysiology laboratory. Methods Basic science experiments were performed to assess DRD properties and metformin’s effects on cisplatin toxicity in culture. Results We found that DRDs with increasing polylactic acid concentrations exhibited metformin release for up to 8 weeks. In modeling elution across the round window in vitro, continued elution of metformin was observed for at least 6 weeks, as quantified by spectrophotometry. Unfortunately, metformin did not exhibit protective efficacy in this model using Sh-Sy5y cells. Conclusion While metformin was not found to be protective in Sh-Sy5y cells, these results suggest that an electrospun DRD can provide a tailorable drug delivery system providing medication for the duration of chemotherapy treatment. This represents a novel drug delivery system and efficacy screening assay with broad clinical applications in personalized delivery of inner ear therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Kita
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Johnny Saldate
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Courtney Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nitika Chellappa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeremy Jong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Riley Matsuda
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrew Schmidt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brandon Shih
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Iram Shafqat
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kari Schoettler
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shiv Acharya
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephanie Seidlits
- Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Larry Hoffman
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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20
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DeBacker JR, Harrison RT, Bielefeld EC. Cisplatin-induced threshold shift in the CBA/CaJ, C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ mouse models of hearing loss. Hear Res 2020; 387:107878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.107878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Some Ototoxic Drugs Destroy Cochlear Support Cells Before Damaging Sensory Hair Cells. Neurotox Res 2020; 37:743-752. [PMID: 31997155 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of ototoxic drugs are capable of damaging the sensory hair cells in the mammalian cochlea resulting in permanent hearing loss. However, the toxic properties of these drugs suggest that some could potentially damage cochlear support cells as well. To test the hypothesis, we treated postnatal day three rat cochlear cultures with toxic doses of gentamicin, cisplatin, mefloquine, and cadmium. Gentamicin primarily destroyed the hair cells and disrupted the intercellular connection with the surrounding support cells. Gentamicin-induced hair cell death was initiated through the caspase-9 intrinsic apoptotic pathway followed by activation of downstream executioner caspase-3. In contrast, cisplatin, mefloquine, and cadmium initially damaged the support cells and only later damaged the hair cells. Support cell death was initiated through the caspase-8 extrinsic apoptotic pathway followed later by downstream activation of caspase-3. Cisplatin, mefloquine, and cadmium significantly reduced the expression of actin and laminin, in the extracellular matrix, leading to significant disarray of the sensory epithelium.
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22
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Wang H, Zhao H, Sun K, Huang X, Jin L, Feng J. Evolutionary Basis of High-Frequency Hearing in the Cochleae of Echolocators Revealed by Comparative Genomics. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 12:3740-3753. [PMID: 31730196 PMCID: PMC7145703 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-frequency hearing is important for the survival of both echolocating bats and whales, but our understanding of its genetic basis is scattered and segmented. In this study, we combined RNA-Seq and comparative genomic analyses to obtain insights into the comprehensive gene expression profile of the cochlea and the adaptive evolution of hearing-related genes. A total of 144 genes were found to have been under positive selection in various species of echolocating bats and toothed whales, 34 of which were identified to be related to hearing behavior or auditory processes. Subsequently, multiple physiological processes associated with those genes were found to have adaptively evolved in echolocating bats and toothed whales, including cochlear bony development, antioxidant activity, ion balance, and homeostatic processes, along with signal transduction. In addition, abundant convergent/parallel genes and sites were detected between different pairs of echolocator species; however, no specific hearing-related physiological pathways were enriched by them and almost all of the convergent/parallel signals were selectively neutral, as previously reported. Notably, two adaptive parallel evolved sites in TECPR2 were shown to have been under positive selection, indicating their functional importance for the evolution of echolocation and high-frequency hearing in laryngeal echolocating bats. This study deepens our understanding of the genetic bases underlying high-frequency hearing in the cochlea of echolocating bats and toothed whales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanbo Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Keping Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Vector Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, China
| | - Longru Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiang Feng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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23
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Sekulic-Jablanovic M, Voronkova K, Bodmer D, Petkovic V. Combination of antioxidants and NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) inhibitor protects auditory hair cells from ototoxic insult. J Neurochem 2019; 154:519-529. [PMID: 31755556 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hair cell (HC) degeneration causes hearing loss in millions of people worldwide. Aminoglycoside exposure is one major cause of sensory HC damage. Aminoglycosides generate free radicals within the inner ear, permanently damaging sensory cells, and thus causing hearing loss. Hearing protection requires strategies to overcome the apparently irreversible loss of HCs in mammals. The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) inhibitor 11R-VIVIT reportedly protects HCs from gentamicin toxicity. Here we investigated whether the combination of 11R-VIVIT with the antioxidant L-carnitine or N-acetylcysteine could protect mouse cochlear HCs from gentamicin damage. Compared to single-component treatment, combined treatment with 11R-VIVIT plus L-carnitine yielded significant protection from gentamicin, and 11R-VIVIT plus N-acetylcysteine provided almost complete protection of HCs from gentamicin. Caspase activity in organ of Corti was significantly reduced by combined treatment with 11R-VIVIT + N-acetylcysteine + gentamicin, compared to 11R-VIVIT + gentamicin or gentamicin alone. Analysis of relative gene expression by qPCR revealed down-regulation of the pro-apoptotic genes Fasl and Casp9, and up-regulation of the antioxidant genes Hmox1 and Nrf2 after treatment with 11R-VIVIT + N-acetylcysteine + gentamicin, compared to single-compound treatment or gentamicin alone in cultures. Selective NFAT inhibition by 11R-VIVIT may be a good strategy for preventing gentamicin-induced HC damage. L-carnitine and N-acetylcysteine, with their ROS-reducing properties, contribute to the synergistic effectiveness with 11R-VIVIT by decreasing ROS-induced NFAT translocation. Our data suggest that a combined approach of NFAT inhibition together with an antioxidant, like N-acetylcysteine, could be useful for hearing loss treatment and/or prevention. Cover Image for this issue: https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.14759.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Bodmer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Clinic for Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vesna Petkovic
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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24
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Wu F, Xiong H, Sha S. Noise-induced loss of sensory hair cells is mediated by ROS/AMPKα pathway. Redox Biol 2019; 29:101406. [PMID: 31926629 PMCID: PMC6933152 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a well-documented process in noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). We have also previously shown that activation of 5' adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPKα) at its catalytic residue T172 is one of the key reactions triggering noise-induced outer hair cell (OHC) death. In this study, we are addressing the link between ROS formation and activation of AMPKα in OHCs after noise exposure. In-vivo treatment of CBA/J mice with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) reduced noise-induced ROS formation (as assessed by the relative levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and 3-nitrotyrosine) and activation of AMPKα in OHCs. Forskolin, an activator of adenylyl cyclase (AC) and an antioxidant, significantly increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and decreased ROS formation and noise-induced activation of AMPKα. Consequently, treatment with forskolin attenuated noise-induced losses of OHCs and NIHL. In HEI-OC1 cells, H2O2-induced activation of AMPKα and cell death were inhibited by the application of forskolin. The sum of our data indicates that noise activates AMPKα in OHCs through formation of ROS and that noise-exposure-induced OHC death is mediated by a ROS/AMPKα-dependent pathway. Forskolin may serve as a potential compound for prevention of NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suhua Sha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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Abstract
Deafness or hearing deficits are debilitating conditions. They are often caused by loss of sensory hair cells or defects in their function. In contrast to mammals, nonmammalian vertebrates robustly regenerate hair cells after injury. Studying the molecular and cellular basis of nonmammalian vertebrate hair cell regeneration provides valuable insights into developing cures for human deafness. In this review, we discuss the current literature on hair cell regeneration in the context of other models for sensory cell regeneration, such as the retina and the olfactory epithelium. This comparison reveals commonalities with, as well as differences between, the different regenerating systems, which begin to define a cellular and molecular blueprint of regeneration. In addition, we propose how new technical advances can address outstanding questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Denans
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA;
| | - Sungmin Baek
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA;
| | - Tatjana Piotrowski
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA;
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26
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O’Reilly M, Young L, Kirkwood NK, Richardson GP, Kros CJ, Moore AL. Gentamicin Affects the Bioenergetics of Isolated Mitochondria and Collapses the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Cochlear Sensory Hair Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:416. [PMID: 31572129 PMCID: PMC6753894 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are widely prescribed to treat a variety of serious bacterial infections. They are extremely useful clinical tools, but have adverse side effects such as oto- and nephrotoxicity. Once inside a cell they are thought to cause mitochondrial dysfunction, subsequently leading to apoptotic cell death due to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Here we present evidence of a direct effect of gentamicin (the most commonly prescribed aminoglycoside) on the respiratory activities of isolated rat liver and kidney mitochondria. We show that gentamicin stimulates state 4 and inhibits state 3u respiratory rates, thereby reducing the respiratory control ratio (RCR) whilst simultaneously causing a collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MtMP). We propose that gentamicin behaves as an uncoupler of the electron transport chain (ETC) - a hypothesis supported by our evidence that it reduces the production of mitochondrial ROS (MtROS). We also show that gentamicin collapses the MtMP in the sensory hair cells (HCs) of organotypic mouse cochlear cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly O’Reilly
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Young
- Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Nerissa K. Kirkwood
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Guy P. Richardson
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Corné J. Kros
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony L. Moore
- Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
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27
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Choochouy N, Kongtip P, Chantanakul S, Nankongnab N, Sujirarat D, Woskie SR. Hearing Loss in Agricultural Workers Exposed to Pesticides and Noise. Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 63:707-718. [PMID: 31161207 PMCID: PMC7312224 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxz035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural workers who have concurrent exposure to pesticides and noise are at increased risk of hearing loss. We recruited 163 Thai conventional and 172 organic farmers to answer our questionnaires about personal demographics, agricultural activities, and pesticide and agricultural machinery use. This information was used to calculate the years of conventional (pesticide use) farming and the years of agricultural noise exposure, and to estimate semiquantitative metrics for pesticide exposure (cumulative intensity score-years) and cumulative noise exposure (dB(A)-years) for each conventional farmer. All participants underwent pure tone audiometric testing. The mean hearing threshold in the low-frequency band (0.5-2 kHz) and high-frequency band (3-6 kHz) were used for analysis. Years involved in conventional farming and years using agricultural machinery were associated with an increase in the average hearing threshold for the high-frequency band after controlling for age, ever exposed to industrial noise and cigarette smoking. The highest category of cumulative insecticide exposure (score-years), cumulative organophosphates exposure (score-years) and cumulative noise exposure (dB(A)-years) were also associated with an increased high-frequency band hearing threshold among conventional farmers. Results from the full cohort and the subcohort of conventional farmers support each other and the hypothesis that pesticide and noise have an additive effect on hearing, since no model interactions were significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattagorn Choochouy
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpimol Kongtip
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suttinun Chantanakul
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppanun Nankongnab
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dusit Sujirarat
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Susan R Woskie
- Department of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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28
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Applications of photobiomodulation in hearing research: from bench to clinic. Biomed Eng Lett 2019; 9:351-358. [PMID: 31456894 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-019-00114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is very common and economically burdensome. No accepted therapeutic modality for sensorineural hearing loss is yet available; most clinicians emphasize rehabilitation, placing hearing aids and cochlear implants. Photobiomodulation (PBM) employs light energy to enhance or modulate the activities of specific organs, and is a popular non-invasive therapy used to treat skin lesions and neurodegenerative disorders. Efforts to use PBM to improve hearing have been ongoing for several decades. Initial in vitro studies using cell lines and ex vivo culture techniques have now been supplanted by in vivo studies in animals; PBM protects the sensory epithelium and triggers neural regeneration. Many reports have used PBM to treat tinnitus. In this brief review, we introduce PBM applications in hearing research, helpful protocols, and relevant background literature.
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29
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Fujimoto C, Yamasoba T. Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants for Treatment of Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E109. [PMID: 31022870 PMCID: PMC6523236 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the etiologies of sensorineural hearing loss, such as age-related hearing loss, noise- and ototoxic drug-induced hearing loss, as well as hearing loss due to mitochondrial gene mutation. Mitochondria are the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced oxidative stress is involved in cochlear damage. Moreover, the release of ROS causes further damage to mitochondrial components. Antioxidants are thought to counteract the deleterious effects of ROS and thus, may be effective for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases. The administration of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants is one of the drug delivery systems targeted to mitochondria. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants are expected to help in the prevention and/or treatment of diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Of the various mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, the protective effects of MitoQ and SkQR1 against ototoxicity have been previously evaluated in animal models and/or mouse auditory cell lines. MitoQ protects against both gentamicin- and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. SkQR1 also provides auditory protective effects against gentamicin-induced ototoxicity. On the other hand, decreasing effect of MitoQ on gentamicin-induced cell apoptosis in auditory cell lines has been controversial. No clinical studies have been reported for otoprotection using mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants. High-quality clinical trials are required to reveal the therapeutic effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants in terms of otoprotection in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Fujimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Teishin Hospital, 2-14-23, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8798, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
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30
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Hong H, Dooley KE, Starbird LE, Francis HW, Farley JE. Adverse outcome pathway for aminoglycoside ototoxicity in drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:1385-1399. [PMID: 30963202 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Individuals treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with aminoglycosides (AGs) in resource-limited settings often experience permanent hearing loss. However, AG ototoxicity has never been conceptually integrated or causally linked to MDR-TB patients' pre-treatment health condition. We sought to develop a framework that examines the relationships between pre-treatment conditions and AG-induced hearing loss among MDR-TB-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) approach was used to develop a framework linking key events (KEs) within a biological pathway that results in adverse outcomes (AO), which are associated with chemical perturbation of a molecular initiating event (MIE). This AOP describes pathways initiating from AG accumulation in hair cells, sound transducers of the inner ear immediately after AG administration. After administration, the drug catalyzes cellular oxidative stress due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Since oxidative stress inhibits mitochondrial protein synthesis, hair cells undergo apoptotic cell death, resulting in irreversible hearing loss (AO). We identified the following pre-treatment conditions that worsen the causal linkage between MIE and AO: HIV, malnutrition, aging, noise, smoking, and alcohol use. The KEs are: (1) nephrotoxicity, pre-existing hearing loss, and hypoalbuminemia that catalyzes AG accumulation; (2) immunodeficiency and antioxidant deficiency that trigger oxidative stress pathways; and (3) co-administration of mitochondrial toxic drugs that hinder mitochondrial protein synthesis, causing apoptosis. This AOP clearly warrants the development of personalized interventions for patients undergoing MDR-TB treatment. Such interventions (i.e., choosing less ototoxic drugs, scheduling frequent monitoring, modifying nutritional status, avoiding poly-pharmacy) will be required to limit the burden of AG ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejeong Hong
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, The REACH Initiative, 855 N. Wolfe Street, 21205, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Kelly E Dooley
- Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, 21205, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura E Starbird
- Center for Health Policy, Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168 St, 10032, New York, NY, USA
| | - Howard W Francis
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, 27710, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jason E Farley
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, The REACH Initiative, 855 N. Wolfe Street, 21205, Baltimore, MD, USA
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31
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Glucococorticoid receptor activation exacerbates aminoglycoside-induced damage to the zebrafish lateral line. Hear Res 2019; 377:12-23. [PMID: 30878773 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics have potent antibacterial properties but cause hearing loss in up to 25% of patients. These drugs are commonly administered in patients with high glucocorticoid stress hormone levels and can be combined with exogenous glucocorticoid treatment. However, the interaction of stress and aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss has not been fully explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of the glucocorticoid stress hormone cortisol on hair cells in the zebrafish lateral line as an important step toward understanding how physiological stressors modulate hair cell survival. We found that 24-hr cortisol incubation sensitized hair cells to neomycin damage. Pharmacological and genetic manipulation demonstrates that sensitization depended on the action of the glucocorticoid receptor but not the mineralocorticoid receptor. Blocking endogenous cortisol production reduced hair cell susceptibility to neomycin, further evidence that glucocorticoids modulate aminoglycoside ototoxicity. Glucocorticoid transcriptional activity was apparent in lateral line hair cells, suggesting a direct action of cortisol in these aminoglycoside-sensitive cells. Our work shows that the stress hormone cortisol can increase hair cell sensitivity to aminoglycoside damage, which highlights the importance of recognizing stress and the impacts of glucocorticoid signaling in both ototoxicity research and clinical practice.
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32
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Necroptosis and Apoptosis Contribute to Cisplatin and Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity. J Neurosci 2019; 39:2951-2964. [PMID: 30733218 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1384-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ototoxic side effects of cisplatin and aminoglycosides have been extensively studied, but no therapy is available to date. Sensory hair cells, upon exposure to cisplatin or aminoglycosides, undergo apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Blocking these cell death pathways has therapeutic potential in theory, but incomplete protection and lack of therapeutic targets in the case of necrosis, has hampered the development of clinically applicable drugs. Over the past decade, a novel form of necrosis, termed necroptosis, was established as an alternative cell death pathway. Necroptosis is distinguished from passive necrotic cell death, in that it follows a cellular program, involving the receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 1 and RIPK3. In this study, we used pharmacological and genetic interventions in the mouse to test the relative contributions of necroptosis and caspase-8-mediated apoptosis toward cisplatin and aminoglycoside ototoxicity. We find that ex vivo, only apoptosis contributes to cisplatin and aminoglycoside ototoxicity, while in vivo, necroptosis as well as apoptosis are involved in both sexes. Inhibition of necroptosis and apoptosis using pharmacological compounds is thus a viable strategy to ameliorate aminoglycoside and cisplatin ototoxicity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The clinical application of cisplatin and aminoglycosides is limited due to ototoxic side effects. Here, using pharmaceutical and genetic intervention, we present evidence that two types of programmed cell death, apoptosis and necroptosis, contribute to aminoglycoside and cisplatin ototoxicity. Key molecular factors mediating necroptosis are well characterized and druggable, presenting new avenues for pharmaceutical intervention.
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33
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Pickett SB, Raible DW. Water Waves to Sound Waves: Using Zebrafish to Explore Hair Cell Biology. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2019; 20:1-19. [PMID: 30635804 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-018-00711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although perhaps best known for their use in developmental studies, over the last couple of decades, zebrafish have become increasingly popular model organisms for investigating auditory system function and disease. Like mammals, zebrafish possess inner ear mechanosensory hair cells required for hearing, as well as superficial hair cells of the lateral line sensory system, which mediate detection of directional water flow. Complementing mammalian studies, zebrafish have been used to gain significant insights into many facets of hair cell biology, including mechanotransduction and synaptic physiology as well as mechanisms of both hereditary and acquired hair cell dysfunction. Here, we provide an overview of this literature, highlighting some of the particular advantages of using zebrafish to investigate hearing and hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Pickett
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Health Sciences Building H-501, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357420, Seattle, WA, 98195-7420, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357270, Seattle, WA, 98195-7270, USA
| | - David W Raible
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Health Sciences Building H-501, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357420, Seattle, WA, 98195-7420, USA.
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357270, Seattle, WA, 98195-7270, USA.
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, 1701 NE Columbia Rd, Box 357923, Seattle, WA, 98195-7923, USA.
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34
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Desa DE, Nichols MG, Smith HJ. Aminoglycosides rapidly inhibit NAD(P)H metabolism increasing reactive oxygen species and cochlear cell demise. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 24:1-14. [PMID: 30411553 PMCID: PMC6225535 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.5.051403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite causing permanent hearing loss by damaging inner ear sensory cells, aminoglycosides (AGs) remain one of the most widely used classes of antibiotics in the world. Although the mechanisms of cochlear sensory cell damage are not fully known, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are clearly implicated. Mitochondrial-specific ROS formation was evaluated in acutely cultured murine cochlear explants exposed to gentamicin (GM), a representative ototoxic AG antibiotic. Superoxide (O2·-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were measured using MitoSOX Red and Dihydrorhodamine 123, respectively, in sensory and supporting cells. A 1-h GM exposure significantly increased O2·- formation in IHCs and increased H2O2 formation in all cell types. At the same time point, GM significantly increased manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) levels while significantly decreasing copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) in cochlear sensory cells. This suggests (1) a rapid conversion of highly reactive O2·- to H2O2 during the acute stage of ototoxic antibiotic exposure and (2) that the endogenous antioxidant system is significantly altered by AGs. Fluorescence intensity-based measurements of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) [NAD(P)H] and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured to determine if increases in GM-induced ROS production were correlated with changes in mitochondrial metabolism. This project provides a basis for understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial ROS production in cochlear cells exposed to ototoxic antibiotics. Understanding the nature of ototoxic antibiotic-induced changes in mitochondrial metabolism is critical for developing hearing loss treatment and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E. Desa
- University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Michael G. Nichols
- Creighton University, Department of Physics, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
- Creighton University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Heather Jensen Smith
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, The Eppley Institute for Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
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35
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Neuronal erythropoietin overexpression is protective against kanamycin-induced hearing loss in mice. Toxicol Lett 2018; 291:121-128. [PMID: 29654830 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aminoglycosides have detrimental effects on the hair cells of the inner ear, yet these agents indisputably are one of the cornerstones in antibiotic therapy. Hence, there is a demand for strategies to prevent aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity, which are not available today. In vitro data suggests that the pleiotropic growth factor erythropoietin (EPO) is neuroprotective against aminoglycoside-induced hair cell loss. Here, we use a mouse model with EPO-overexpression in neuronal tissue to evaluate whether EPO could also in vivo protect from aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds were measured in 12-weeks-old mice before and after treatment with kanamycin for 15 days, which resulted in both C57BL/6 and EPO-transgenic animals in a high-frequency hearing loss. However, ABR threshold shifts in EPO-transgenic mice were significantly lower than in C57BL/6 mice (mean difference in ABR threshold shift 13.6 dB at 32 kHz, 95% CI 3.8-23.4 dB, p = 0.003). Correspondingly, quantification of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons by immunofluorescence revealed that EPO-transgenic mice had a significantly lower hair cell and spiral ganglion neuron loss than C57BL/6 mice. In conclusion, neuronal overexpression of EPO is protective against aminoglycoside-induce hearing loss, which is in accordance with its known neuroprotective effects in other organs, such as the eye or the brain.
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36
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Sesn2/AMPK/mTOR signaling mediates balance between survival and apoptosis in sensory hair cells under stress. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3068. [PMID: 28981119 PMCID: PMC5680579 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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37
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Nicholas BD, Francis S, Wagner EL, Zhang S, Shin JB. Protein Synthesis Inhibition and Activation of the c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Are Potential Contributors to Cisplatin Ototoxicity. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:303. [PMID: 29033791 PMCID: PMC5627031 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin has been regarded as an effective and versatile chemotherapeutic agent for nearly 40 years. Though the associated dose-dependent ototoxicity is known, the cellular mechanisms by which cochleovestibular hair cell death occur are not well understood. We have previously shown that aminoglycoside ototoxicity is mediated in part by cytosolic protein synthesis inhibition. Despite a lack of molecular similarity, aminoglycosides were shown to elicit similar stress pathways to cisplatin. We therefore reasoned that there may be some role of protein synthesis inhibition in cisplatin ototoxicity. Employing a modification of the bioorthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) method, we evaluated the effects of cisplatin on cellular protein synthesis. We show that cisplatin inhibits cellular protein synthesis in organ of Corti explant cultures. Similar to what was found after gentamicin exposure, cisplatin activates both the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. In contrast to aminoglycosides, cisplatin also inhibits protein synthesis in all cochlear cell types. We further demonstrate that the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib completely prevents JNK activation, while providing only moderate hair cell protection. Simultaneous stimulation of cellular protein synthesis by insulin, however, significantly improved hair cell survival in culture. The presented data provides evidence for a potential role of protein synthesis inhibition in cisplatin-mediated ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Nicholas
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Shimon Francis
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Elizabeth L Wagner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sibo Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jung-Bum Shin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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38
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Liu JC, Parks RJ, Liu J, Stares J, Rovira II, Murphy E, Finkel T. The In Vivo Biology of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:49-63. [PMID: 28551781 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The identification of the molecular composition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter has allowed for the genetic manipulation of its components and the creation of various in vivo genetic models. Here, we review the initial attempts to modulate the expression of components of the calcium uniporter in a range of organisms from plants to mammals. This analysis has confirmed the strict requirement for the uniporter for in vivo mitochondrial calcium uptake and for maintaining mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. We further discuss the physiological effects following genetic manipulation of the uniporter on tissue bioenergetics and the threshold for cell death. Finally, we analyze the limited information regarding the role of various uniporter components in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Randi J Parks
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Justin Stares
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ilsa I Rovira
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Toren Finkel
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. .,NIH, Bldg 10/CRC 5-3330, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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39
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Zhao N, Tai X, Zhai L, Shi L, Chen D, Yang B, Ji F, Hou K, Yang S, Gong S, Liu K. Unitary ototoxic gentamicin exposure may not disrupt the function of cochlear outer hair cells in mice. Acta Otolaryngol 2017; 137:842-849. [PMID: 28332931 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2017.1295470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous study showed that mild ototoxic exposure could induce a reversible hearing impairment, and the loss and secondary incomplete recovery of cochlear ribbon synapses could be responsible for the hearing loss. However, it remains unclear whether cochlear outer hair cells' (OHCs) functions are affected. OBJECTIVE To verify whether the function of OHCs are also affected significantly after the ototoxic exposure. METHODS Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 100 mg/kg concentration of gentamicin daily for 14 days. Distortion Product of Oto-acoustic Emission (DPOAE) was detected at control (pre-treatment), Day 0, day 4, day 7, day 14 and day 28 after the ototoxic exposure, respectively. In addition, the morphology of OHCs was observed by electron microscopy, OHCs has been counted by light microscopy, and the hearing thresholds were detected by auditory brain response (ABR). RESULTS No significant changes have been found in OHC and OHC stereocilia among the experimental groups (p > .05). Further, no significant changes or loss was found in the morphology of OHCs either. However, we found ABR threshold elevations occurred after ototoxic exposure. CONCLUSIONS Unitary ototoxic gentamicin exposure may not disrupt the function of cochlear OHCs in mice, regardless of hearing loss identified in this ototoxic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - XuHui Tai
- Department of Otolaryngology, The No 463rd Hospital of PLA, Shenyang, China
| | - LiJie Zhai
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of DaLian Medical Universty, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of DaLian Medical Universty, Dalian, China
| | - DaiShi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Numberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of PLA and the E.N.T Institute of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of PLA and the E.N.T Institute of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of PLA and the E.N.T Institute of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - ShiMing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of PLA and the E.N.T Institute of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - ShuSheng Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To critically review and evaluate the proposed mechanisms and documented results of the therapeutics currently in active clinical drug trials for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss. DATA SOURCES US National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Trials registry, MEDLINE/PubMed. STUDY SELECTION & DATA EXTRACTION A review of the NIH Clinical Trials registry identified candidate hearing loss therapies, and supporting publications were acquired from MEDLINE/PubMed. Proof-of-concept, therapeutic mechanisms, and clinical outcomes were critically appraised. DATA SYNTHESIS Twenty-two active clinical drug trials registered in the United States were identified, and six potentially therapeutic molecules were reviewed. Of the six molecules reviewed, four comprised mechanisms pertaining to mitigating oxidative stress pathways that presumably lead to inner ear cell death. One remaining therapy sought to manipulate the cell death cascade, and the last remaining therapy was a novel cell replacement therapy approach to introduce a transcription factor that promotes hair cell regeneration. CONCLUSION A common theme in recent clinical trials registered in the United States appears to be the targeting of cell death pathways and influence of oxidant stressors on cochlear sensory neuroepithelium. In addition, a virus-delivered cell replacement therapy would be the first of its kind should it prove safe and efficacious. Significant challenges for bringing these bench-to-bedside therapies to market remain. It is never assured that results in non-human animal models translate to effective therapies in the setting of human biology. Moreover, as additional processes are described in association with hearing loss, such as an immune response and loss of synaptic contacts, additional pathways for targeting become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Crowson
- Division of Head & Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Debara Tucci
- Division of Head & Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
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Park C, Ji HM, Kim SJ, Kil SH, Lee JN, Kwak S, Choe SK, Park R. Fenofibrate exerts protective effects against gentamicin-induced toxicity in cochlear hair cells by activating antioxidant enzymes. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:960-968. [PMID: 28290603 PMCID: PMC5360428 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fenofibrate, an activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), has been shown to protect the kidneys and brain cells from oxidative stress; however, its role in preventing hearing loss has not been reported to date, at least to the best of our knowledge. In this study, we demonstrated the protective effects of fenofibrate against gentamicin (GM)-induced ototoxicity. We found that the auditory brainstem response threshold which was increased by GM was significantly reduced by pre-treatment with fenofibrate in rats. In cochlear explants, the disruption of hair cell layers by GM was also markedly attenuated by pre-treatment with fenofibrate. In addition, fenofibrate almost completely abolished GM-induced reactive oxygen species generation, which seemed to be mediated at least in part by the restoration of the expression of PPAR-α-dependent antioxidant enzymes, including catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1. Of note, fenofibrate markedly increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) which was also induced to a certain degree by GM alone. The induced expression of HO-1 by fenofibrate appeared to be essential for mediating the protective effects of fenofibrate, as the inhibition of HO-1 activity significantly diminished the protective effects of fenofibrate against the GM-mediated death of sensory hair cells in cochlea explant culture, as well as in zebrafish neuromasts. These results suggest that fenofibrate protects sensory hair cells from GM-induced toxicity by upregulating PPAR-α-dependent antioxidant enzymes, including HO-1. Our results provide insight into the preventive therapy for hearing loss caused by aminoglycoside antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Channy Park
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Ji
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Kil
- Division of Cell Biology and Genetics, House Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
| | - Joon No Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongae Kwak
- Zoonosis Research Center, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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Ototoxicity of 12 mg/kg cisplatin in the Fischer 344/NHsd rat using multiple dosing strategies. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 27:780-6. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Esterberg R, Linbo T, Pickett SB, Wu P, Ou HC, Rubel EW, Raible DW. Mitochondrial calcium uptake underlies ROS generation during aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3556-66. [PMID: 27500493 DOI: 10.1172/jci84939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to aminoglycoside antibiotics can lead to the generation of toxic levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear that have been implicated in hearing and balance disorders. Better understanding of the origin of aminoglycoside-induced ROS could focus the development of therapies aimed at preventing this event. In this work, we used the zebrafish lateral line system to monitor the dynamic behavior of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic oxidation occurring within the same dying hair cell following exposure to aminoglycosides. The increased oxidation observed in both mitochondria and cytoplasm of dying hair cells was highly correlated with mitochondrial calcium uptake. Application of the mitochondrial uniporter inhibitor Ru360 reduced mitochondrial and cytoplasmic oxidation, suggesting that mitochondrial calcium drives ROS generation during aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death. Furthermore, targeting mitochondria with free radical scavengers conferred superior protection against aminoglycoside exposure compared with identical, untargeted scavengers. Our findings suggest that targeted therapies aimed at preventing mitochondrial oxidation have therapeutic potential to ameliorate the toxic effects of aminoglycoside exposure.
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Jadali A, Kwan KY. Activation of PI3K signaling prevents aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death in the murine cochlea. Biol Open 2016; 5:698-708. [PMID: 27142333 PMCID: PMC4920183 DOI: 10.1242/bio.016758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of sensory hair cells of the inner ear due to aminoglycoside exposure is a major cause of hearing loss. Using an immortalized multipotent otic progenitor (iMOP) cell line, specific signaling pathways that promote otic cell survival were identified. Of the signaling pathways identified, the PI3K pathway emerged as a strong candidate for promoting hair cell survival. In aging animals, components for active PI3K signaling are present but decrease in hair cells. In this study, we determined whether activated PI3K signaling in hair cells promotes survival. To activate PI3K signaling in hair cells, we used a small molecule inhibitor of PTEN or genetically ablated PTEN using a conditional knockout animal. Hair cell survival was challenged by addition of gentamicin to cochlear cultures. Hair cells with activated PI3K signaling were more resistant to aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death. These results indicate that increased PI3K signaling in hair cells promote survival and the PI3K signaling pathway is a target for preventing aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Jadali
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA Stem Cell Research Center and Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kelvin Y Kwan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA Stem Cell Research Center and Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Song Y, Fan Z, Bai X, Liu W, Han Y, Xu L, Wang M, Li J, Zheng Q, Zhang D, Wang H. PARP-1-modulated AIF translocation is involved in streptomycin-induced cochlear hair cell death. Acta Otolaryngol 2016; 136:545-50. [PMID: 26963167 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2016.1143968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Conclusion SM-induced dose- and location-dependent cochlear hair cell death in vitro. AIF might be translocated from mitochondria to nucleus and cytoplasm within SM-treated hair cells. The translocation of AIF might be modulated by PARP-1. Objective Streptomycin (SM), one of the widely used aminoglycoside nowadays, is still causing significant permanent sensorineural hearing loss owing to sensory hair cell death. This study was designed to investigate the role of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), an important mitochondrial cell death regulator, in SM ototoxicity within neonatal rat cochleae and HEI-OC1 cells. Methods The viability of HEI-OC1 cells was quantified by MTT assay. AIF, PARP-1, and myosin VIIa distributions were achieved by immunofluorescence. mRNA and protein expression of AIF and PARP-1 were examined by q-PCR and Western-blot. Results The hair cell loss was concomitant with the SM concentration variation, and aggravated from apical to basal turn. AIF was detected in nuclear region and AIF mRNA was up-regulated after SM incubation. Besides, AIF protein expression in mitochondria was decreased, whereas in cytosol it was increased. PARP-1 mRNA and protein were also up-regulated. 3-AB could attenuate the cell death and reverse the changes of AIF distribution by blocking PARP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China
| | - Zhaomin Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China
- Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China
- Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yuechen Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China
- Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Qingyin Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Daogong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, PR China
- Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
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Ben Said M, Grati M, Ishimoto T, Zou B, Chakchouk I, Ma Q, Yao Q, Hammami B, Yan D, Mittal R, Nakamichi N, Ghorbel A, Neng L, Tekin M, Shi XR, Kato Y, Masmoudi S, Lu Z, Hmani M, Liu X. A mutation in SLC22A4 encoding an organic cation transporter expressed in the cochlea strial endothelium causes human recessive non-syndromic hearing loss DFNB60. Hum Genet 2016; 135:513-524. [PMID: 27023905 PMCID: PMC4836961 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The high prevalence/incidence of hearing loss (HL) in humans makes it the most common sensory defect. The majority of the cases are of genetic origin. Non-syndromic hereditary HL is extremely heterogeneous. Genetic approaches have been instrumental in deciphering genes that are crucial for auditory function. In this study, we first used NADf chip to exclude the implication of known North-African mutations in HL in a large consanguineous Tunisian family (FT13) affected by autosomal recessive non-syndromic HL (ARNSHL). We then performed genome-wide linkage analysis and assigned the deafness gene locus to ch:5q23.2-31.1, corresponding to the DFNB60 ARNSHL locus. Moreover, we performed whole exome sequencing on FT13 patient DNA and uncovered amino acid substitution p.Cys113Tyr in SLC22A4, a transporter of organic cations, cosegregating with HL in FT13 and therefore the cause of ARNSHL DFNB60. We also screened a cohort of small Tunisian HL families and uncovered an additional deaf proband of consanguineous parents that is homozygous for p.Cys113Tyr carried by the same microsatellite marker haplotype as in FT13, indicating that this mutation is ancestral. Using immunofluorescence, we found that Slc22a4 is expressed in stria vascularis (SV) endothelial cells of rodent cochlea and targets their apical plasma membrane. We also found Slc22a4 transcripts in our RNA-seq library from purified primary culture of mouse SV endothelial cells. Interestingly, p.Cys113Tyr mutation affects the trafficking of the transporter and severely alters ergothioneine uptake. We conclude that SLC22A4 is an organic cation transporter of the SV endothelium that is essential for hearing, and its mutation causes DFNB60 form of HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Ben Said
- Laboratoire Procédés de Criblage Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route sidimansour Km 6, BP '1177', 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M'hamed Grati
- Department of Otolaryngology (D-48), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1666 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Takahiro Ishimoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Bing Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology (D-48), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1666 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Imen Chakchouk
- Laboratoire Procédés de Criblage Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route sidimansour Km 6, BP '1177', 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Qi Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology (D-48), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1666 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology (D-48), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1666 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Bouthaina Hammami
- Service Otorhinolaryngologie, Hôpital Universitaire Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Denise Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology (D-48), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1666 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology (D-48), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1666 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Noritaka Nakamichi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Abdelmonem Ghorbel
- Service Otorhinolaryngologie, Hôpital Universitaire Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lingling Neng
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mustafa Tekin
- Department of Otolaryngology (D-48), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1666 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Xiao Rui Shi
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Yukio Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Saber Masmoudi
- Laboratoire Procédés de Criblage Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route sidimansour Km 6, BP '1177', 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Zhongmin Lu
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Mounira Hmani
- Laboratoire Procédés de Criblage Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route sidimansour Km 6, BP '1177', 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology (D-48), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1666 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Protective effects of the seaweed phlorotannin polyphenolic compound dieckol on gentamicin-induced damage in auditory hair cells. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 83:31-6. [PMID: 26968049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Drug-induced ototoxicity from compounds such as aminoglycosides and platinum can damage the inner ear resulting in hearing loss, tinnitus or balance problems and may be caused by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Dieckol is a phlorotannin polyphenolic compound with strong antioxidant effects found in edible brown algae. This study investigated the protective effects of dieckol on drug-induced ototoxicity in cochlear cultures obtained from neonatal mice. METHODS Cochlear explants were pretreated with dieckol and exposed to gentamicin for 48h. The explants were then fixed and stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate-phalloidin and the intact hair cells counted. The free radical scavenging activity of dieckol was assessed using a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay. E. coli (Escherichia coli) cultures were used to evaluate the effect of dieckol on the antibiotic activity of gentamicin. RESULTS Gentamicin treatment resulted in dose-dependent hair cell loss that was partially protected by dieckol. Moreover, at concentrations >67μM dieckol had significant radical scavenging activity. Dieckol did not compromise the antibiotic effect of gentamicin. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that dieckol can be used as a therapeutic agent that reduces the damage caused by drug-induced ototoxicity.
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Spankovich C, Lobarinas E, Ding D, Salvi R, Le Prell CG. Assessment of thermal treatment via irrigation of external ear to reduce cisplatin-induced hearing loss. Hear Res 2016; 332:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kim SJ, Park C, Lee JN, Lim H, Hong GY, Moon SK, Lim DJ, Choe SK, Park R. Erdosteine protects HEI-OC1 auditory cells from cisplatin toxicity through suppression of inflammatory cytokines and induction of Nrf2 target proteins. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 288:192-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Spracklen TF, Whitehorn H, Vorster AA, Ramma L, Dalvie S, Ramesar RS. Genetic variation in Otos is associated with cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 15:1667-76. [PMID: 25410892 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ototoxicity is an adverse drug reaction that may limit the effective use of cisplatin chemotherapy. Given the reported in vitro protective role of the gene Otos in response to cisplatin, this study aimed to explore the potential of Otos as a genetic modifier of ototoxicity. PATIENTS & METHODS One hundred South African cisplatin-receiving cancer patients with baseline and follow-up audiometric data were screened for variation in exonic target regions of Otos using direct cycle sequencing. RESULTS A total of 29 genetic variants were identified. The G alleles of Otos rs77124181 (c.-192-182C>G) and rs2291767 (c.-192-22A>G) were over-represented in ototoxicity-free patients (p = 0.022). Cumulative cisplatin dose and anatomical site of cancer were also associated with ototoxicity, while self-reported ethnicity associated with the ototoxic severity. CONCLUSION This study indicates a potentially protective role for the variant G alleles of SNPs rs77124181 and rs2291767 in Otos against the development of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy F Spracklen
- MRC Human Genetics Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Infectious Diseases & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
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