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Dutta N, Pemmaraju DB, Ghosh S, Ali A, Mondal A, Majumder C, Nelson VK, Mandal SC, Misra AK, Rengan AK, Ravichandiran V, Che CT, Gurova KV, Gudkov AV, Pal M. Alkaloid-rich fraction of Ervatamia coronaria sensitizes colorectal cancer through modulating AMPK and mTOR signalling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114666. [PMID: 34592338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ervatamia coronaria, a popular garden plant in India and some other parts of the world is known traditionally for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The molecular bases of these functions remain poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY Efficacies of the existing therapies for colorectal cancer (CRC) are limited by their life-threatening side effects and unaffordability. Therefore, identifying a safer, efficient, and affordable therapeutic is urgent. We studied the anti-CRC activity of an alkaloid-rich fraction of E. coronaria leaf extracts (AFE) and associated underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Activity guided solvant fractionation was adopted to identify the activity in AFE. Different cell lines, and tumor grown in syngeneic mice were used to understand the anti-CRC effect. Methodologies such as LCMS, MTT, RT-qPCR, immunoblot, immunohistochemistry were employed to understand the molecular basis of its activity. RESULTS We showed that AFE, which carries about six major compounds, is highly toxic to colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. AFE induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and p21 and p27 genes, while those of CDK2, CDK-4, cyclin-D, and cyclin-E genes were downregulated in HCT116 cells. It predominantly induced apoptosis in HCT116p53+/+ cells while the HCT116p53-/- cells under the same treatment condition died by autophagy. Notably, AFE induced upregulation of AMPK phosphorylation, and inhibition of both of the mTOR complexes as indicated by inhibition of phosphorylation of S6K1, 4EBP1, and AKT. Furthermore, AFE inhibited mTOR-driven conversion of cells from reversible cell cycle arrest to senescence (geroconversion) as well as ERK activity. AFE activity was independent of ROS produced, and did not primarily target the cellular DNA or cytoskeleton. AFE also efficiently regressed CT26-derived solid tumor in Balb/c mice acting alone or in synergy with 5FU through inducing autophagy as a major mechanism of action as indicated by upregulation of Beclin 1 and phospho-AMPK, and inhibition of phospho-S6K1 levels in the tumor tissue lysates. CONCLUSION AFE induced CRC death through activation of both apoptotic and autophagy pathways without affecting the normal cells. This study provided a logical basis for consideration of AFE in future therapy regimen to overcome the limitations associated with existing anti-CRC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naibedya Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Deepak Bharadwaj Pemmaraju
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, IIT, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suvranil Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Ayan Mondal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Vinod K Nelson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhash C Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Anup K Misra
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Katerina V Gurova
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Andrei V Gudkov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mahadeb Pal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.
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Major Bioactive Alkaloids and Biological Activities of Tabernaemontana Species (Apocynaceae). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020313. [PMID: 33562893 PMCID: PMC7915066 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Several species belonging to the genus Tabernaemontana have been well researched and utilized for their wide-ranging biological activities. A few of the most prominent species include Tabernaemontana divaricata, Tabernaemontana catharinensis, Tabernaemontana crassa, and Tabernaemontana elegans. These species and many others within the genus often display pharmacological importance, which is habitually related to their chemical constituents. The secondary metabolites within the genus have demonstrated huge medicinal potential for the treatment of infections, pain, injuries, and various diseases. Regardless of the indispensable reports and properties displayed by Tabernaemontana spp., there remains a wide variety of plants that are yet to be considered or examined. Thus, an additional inclusive study on species within this genus is essential. The current review aimed to extensively analyze, collate, and describe an updated report of the current literature related to the major alkaloidal components and biological activities of species within the genus Tabernaemontana.
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Mohammed AE, Abdul-Hameed ZH, Alotaibi MO, Bawakid NO, Sobahi TR, Abdel-Lateff A, Alarif WM. Chemical Diversity and Bioactivities of Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids (MIAs) from Six Apocynaceae Genera. Molecules 2021; 26:488. [PMID: 33477682 PMCID: PMC7831967 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
By the end of the twentieth century, the interest in natural compounds as probable sources of drugs has declined and was replaced by other strategies such as molecular target-based drug discovery. However, in the recent times, natural compounds regained their position as extremely important source drug leads. Indole-containing compounds are under clinical use which includes vinblastine and vincristine (anticancer), atevirdine (anti-HIV), yohimbine (erectile dysfunction), reserpine (antihypertension), ajmalicine (vascular disorders), ajmaline (anti-arrhythmic), vincamine (vasodilator), etc. Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids (MIAs) deserve the curiosity and attention of researchers due to their chemical diversity and biological activities. These compounds were considered as an impending source of drug-lead. In this review 444 compounds, were identified from six genera belonging to the family Apocynaceae, will be discussed. These genera (Alstonia, Rauvolfia, Kopsia, Ervatamia, and Tabernaemontana, and Rhazya) consist of 400 members and represent 20% of Apocynaceae species. Only 30 (7.5%) species were investigated, whereas the rest are promising to be investigated. Eleven bioactivities, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activities, were reported. Whereas cytotoxic effect represents 47% of the reported activities. Convincingly, the genera selected in this review are a wealthy source for future anticancer drug lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah E. Mohammed
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zainab H. Abdul-Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (Z.H.A.-H.); (N.O.B.); (T.R.S.)
| | - Modhi O. Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nahed O. Bawakid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (Z.H.A.-H.); (N.O.B.); (T.R.S.)
| | - Tariq R. Sobahi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (Z.H.A.-H.); (N.O.B.); (T.R.S.)
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Lateff
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Walied M. Alarif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Cai YS, Sarotti AM, Zhou TL, Huang R, Qiu G, Tian C, Miao ZH, Mándi A, Kurtán T, Cao S, Yang SP. Flabellipparicine, a Flabelliformide-Apparicine-Type Bisindole Alkaloid from Tabernaemontana divaricata. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1976-1983. [PMID: 30169038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Four new monoterpenoid bisindole alkaloids, flabellipparicine (1), 19,20-dihydrovobparicine (2), 10'-demethoxy-19,20-dihydrovobatensine D (3), and 3'-(2-oxopropyl)ervahanine A (4), and 10 known monoterpenoid indole alkaloids were isolated from the stems of Tabernaemontana divaricata. All structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic methods, and the absolute configuration of 1 was established using conformational analysis and TDDFT-ECD calculation of selected stereoisomers. Compound 1 represents the first flabelliformide-apparicine-type bisindole alkaloid, in which the flabelliformide-like unit connects to the apparicine-like unit with a C-3-C-22' bond and an N-1-C-16' bond to form an uncommon five-membered ring between the two monomers. All alkaloids were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and A-549. Compounds 2, 4, and 14 exhibited cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and A-549 with IC50 values in the range of 2 nM to 8 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Sheng Cai
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 Donghu Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy , University of Hawai'i at Hilo , 200 West Kawili Street , Hilo , Hawaii 96720 , United States
| | - Ariel M Sarotti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas , Universidad Nacional de Rosario , Suipacha 531 , Rosario 2000 , Argentina
| | - Ting-Lan Zhou
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 Donghu Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Huang
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 Donghu Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guofu Qiu
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 Donghu Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Congkui Tian
- Wuling Mountain Institute of Natural Medicine, Hubei University for Nationalities, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province , 39 Xueyuan Road , Enshi 445000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Hong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Zu Chong Zhi Road 555 Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
| | - Attila Mándi
- Department of Organic Chemistry , University of Debrecen , POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry , University of Debrecen , POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy , University of Hawai'i at Hilo , 200 West Kawili Street , Hilo , Hawaii 96720 , United States
| | - Sheng-Ping Yang
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 Donghu Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
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Ejsmond MJ, Provenza FD. Is doping of cognitive performance an anti-herbivore adaptation? Alkaloids inhibiting acetylcholinesterase as a case. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej J. Ejsmond
- Institute of Environmental Sciences; Jagiellonian University; ul. Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
- Department of Arctic Biology; The University Centre in Svalbard; Longyearbyen N-9171 Norway
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Khongsombat O, Nakdook W, Ingkaninan K. Inhibitory effects of Tabernaemontana divaricata root extract on oxidative stress and neuronal loss induced by amyloid β 25-35 peptide in mice. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 8:184-189. [PMID: 29322008 PMCID: PMC5756015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease, there are numerous amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal loss in several brain areas. Oxidative stress is involved in the mechanisms of Aβ-peptide induced neurotoxicity by the generation of free radical oxidative stress that may lead to neurodegeneration. Tabernaemontana divaricata has various medical properties in Thai folklore medicine including prevent forgetfulness or improve memory. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of T. divaricata root extract (TDE) on Aβ25-35 peptides induced neuronal loss and oxidative stress in mice. Male ICR mice were administered with vehicle or TDE (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg b.w., p.o.) for 28 consecutive days. Then, these mice were given a single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of Aβ25-35 or phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (10 μg/mouse). The novel object recognition (NOR) test was used to determine memory disturbance. In addition, the neuronal cells in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were measured by using crystal violet staining and lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. An i.c.v. injection of Aβ25-35 peptides could significantly induce memory impairment, increase level of lipid peroxidation including the neuronal loss in CA3 of hippocampus. However, the mice pretreated with TDE could prevent the memory loss, neuronal loss and decrease lipid peroxidation. These results suggest the potential therapeutic value in dementia of TDE through its antioxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onrawee Khongsombat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Walika Nakdook
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Kornkanok Ingkaninan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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In vitro antioxidant and anticataractogenic potential of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using an ethanolic extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata leaves. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:467-475. [PMID: 28477463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been found useful in biological systems and in medicine since they possess a large surface area to volume ratio, which confers on them several unique properties. In the present study, AgNPs that had been biosynthesized using an ethanolic extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata leaf were evaluated for putative antioxidant potential and efficacy in preventing experimental in-vitro selenite-induced opacification of the ocular lens (cataractogenesis). The antioxidant potential of the AgNPs was evaluated in-vitro by looking for radical-scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals as well as by determining reducing power. The anticataractogenic potential of the AgNPs was evaluated in an in-vitro model of selenite-induced cataractogenesis in five groups of Wistar rat lenses cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) for 24h: Group I lenses (negative control) were cultured in DMEM alone; Group II lenses were exposed to sodium selenite alone (100μM); Group III lenses were exposed simultaneously to sodium selenite and the T. divaricata extract (250μg/ml); Group IV lenses were exposed simultaneously to sodium selenite and the biosynthesized AgNPs (125μg/ml); and Group V lenses were exposed to the AgNPs alone. In these lenses, gross morphological changes, as well as activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were determined. In-vitro, the AgNPs (which were spherical in shape with an average diameter ranging from 15 to 50nm) showed potent and concentration-dependent radical-scavenging activity on DPPH and H2O2 free radicals as well as reducing power. The gross morphological changes seen in the cultured rat lenses were: all eight control (Group I) lenses remained transparent; dense opacification was noted in all eight selenite-challenged untreated (Group II) lenses; in selenite-challenged, simultaneously T. divaricata extract-treated (Group III) lenses, no opacification occurred in seven of eight (87.5%) lenses and only minimal opacification in one (12.5%) lens; all the eight Group IV (selenite-challenged, simultaneously AgNPs-treated) lenses did not show any opacification; and all the eight Group V lenses (exposed to AgNPs alone) remained as transparent as control lenses. The mean activities of CAT, SOD, GPx and GST, and the mean levels of GSH, were significantly (p<0.05) lower in Group II lenses than those in Groups I, III, IV and V lenses, while the mean MDA level was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Group II lenses than those in Groups I, III, IV and V lenses; oxidative damage possibly occurred in Group II lenses, whereas this appears to have been prevented in Groups III and IV lenses. These observations suggest that the T. divaricata leaf ethanolic extract, and also the AgNPs biosynthesized using the T. divaricata extract, possess effective in-vitro antioxidant activity and the potential to prevent experimental selenite-induced opacification in cultured Wistar rat lenses.
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Lavaud C, Massiot G. The Iboga Alkaloids. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 105:89-136. [PMID: 28194562 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-49712-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Iboga alkaloids are a particular class of indolomonoterpenes most often characterized by an isoquinuclidine nucleus. Their first occurrence was detected in the roots of Tabernanthe iboga, a sacred plant to the people of Gabon, which made it cult object. Ibogaine is the main representative of this class of alkaloids and its psychoactive properties are well documented. It has been proposed as a drug cessation treatment and has a wide range of activities in targeting opioids, cocaine, and alcohol. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a background on this molecule and related compounds and to update knowledge on the most recent advances made. Difficulties linked to the status of ibogaine as a drug in several countries have hampered its development, but 18-methoxycoronaridine is currently under evaluation for the same purposes and for the treatment of leishmaniasis. The chapter is divided into six parts: an introduction aiming at defining what is called an iboga alkaloid, and this is followed by current knowledge on their biosynthesis, which unfortunately remains a "black box" as far as the key construction step is concerned. Many of these alkaloids are still being discovered and the third and fourth parts of the chapter discuss the analytical tools in use for this purpose and give lists of new monomeric and dimeric alkaloids belonging to this class. When necessary, the structures are discussed especially with regard to absolute configuration determinations, which remain a point of weakness in their assignments. Part V gives an account of progress made in the synthesis, partial and total, which the authors believe is key to providing solid solutions to the industrial development of the most promising molecules. The last part of the chapter is devoted to the biological properties of iboga alkaloids, with particular emphasis on ibogaine and 18-methoxycoronaridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lavaud
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, Case postale 44, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, Cedex 2, France.
| | - Georges Massiot
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, Case postale 44, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, Cedex 2, France
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Marinho FF, Simões AO, Barcellos T, Moura S. Brazilian Tabernaemontana genus: Indole alkaloids and phytochemical activities. Fitoterapia 2016; 114:127-137. [PMID: 27639415 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Tabernaemontana genus belongs to the family Apocynaceae comprising about 100 species spread throughout tropical and subtropical regions around the world including Brazil, which contains around 40 species spread all over its territory. Because of the territorial space and climate diversity, these species already identified in Brazil are the largest collection of Tabernaemontana, which are representative (about 30%) of worldwide distribution. The monoterpene indole alkaloids present as major secondary components in all parts of the plants of the genus Tabernaemontana, have attracted the attention of the scientific community for new alkaloids derivatives and bioactivities. This review covers relevant references about Tabernaemontana species found in Brazil, its geographical distribution, occurrence of monoterpene alkaloids and phytochemical activities. Additional information about the South American species activities are also reported in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio F Marinho
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - André Olmos Simões
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Barcellos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
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Zhang BJ, Teng XF, Bao MF, Zhong XH, Ni L, Cai XH. Cytotoxic indole alkaloids from Tabernaemontana officinalis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 120:46-52. [PMID: 25687604 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Continued interest in cytotoxic alkaloids resulted in the isolation of 37 alkaloids including 29 known monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from the aerial parts of Tabernaemontana officinalis. Of the remaining 8 alkaloids, six were bisindole alkaloids named taberdivarines A-F (1-6) and the two were monomers named taberdivarines G and H (7-8). Alkaloids 1 and 2 are voaphylline-vobasinyl type bisindole alkaloids, a structural type previously unknown, while 3-6 exhibited cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines HeLa, MCF-7, and SW480 with IC50 values ranging from 1.42 to 11.35 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Feng Teng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Fen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Hong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Hai Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
This chapter covers the literature on bisindole alkaloids consisting of monoterpenoid indoles, published up to June 2015. Bisindole alkaloids isolated from plants belonging to the families Apocynaceae and Loganiaceae, including Iboga-vobasine type, Aspidosperma-Aspidosperma type, eburnan-Aspidosperma type, Strychnos-Strychnos type, macroline-macroline type, and so on, are described. Some recent syntheses of monoterpenoid bisindole alkaloids are outlined as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kitajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Takayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Kumar A, Selvakumar S. Antiproliferative efficacy of Tabernaemontana divaricata against HEP2 cell line and Vero cell line. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S46-52. [PMID: 26109773 PMCID: PMC4461967 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.157682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Laryngeal cancer may also be called cancer of the larynx or laryngeal carcinoma. Conventional plants are a precious source of novel anticancer agents and are still in performance better role in health concern. The study was intended to estimation of the anticancer activity of the chloroformic extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata on the human epidermoid larynx carcinoma cell line (Hep 2). Materials and Method: The aerial parts (leaves, stem, and flowers) of T. divaricata were tested for its inhibitory effect in 96 microplate formats against Hep 2 cell line. The anticancer activity of samples on Hep 2 and Vero was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and various enzymatic parameters like catalase, reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH peroxidase, and superoxide anion scavenging activity. Viable cells were determined by the absorbance at 540 nm. Measurements were performed, and the concentration required for a 50% inhibition of viability (IC50) was determined graphically. The effect of the samples on the proliferation of Hep 2 and Vero cells was expressed as the % cell viability. Results: The extract on Hep 2 cell line up to 7.8 μg/ml and that IC50 value on Hep 2 cell line was 112 μg whereas 94 μg for Vero cell line. Hence, T. divaricata has lesser significant action on Vero cell line. Conclusion: Medicinal plant drug discovery continues to provide new and important leads against various pharmacological targets including cancer. Our results clearly indicate the anticancer property of the medicinal plant T. divaricata against the human laryngeal carcinoma cell lines (Hep 2 cell line).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Selvakumar
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Anticancer Activity of Tabernaemontana coronaria against Carcinogen Induced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/584074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used for treatment of various ailments since time immemorial. Tabernaemontana coronaria is a flowering plant belonging to Apocynaceae family. Considering the very good antioxidant properties of Tabernaemontana coronaria, the anticancer property of the ethanolic extract was evaluated against DEN and Fe-NTA induced clear cell renal cell carcinoma. A group of male rats were induced with single intraperitoneal injection of DEN (200 mg/kg bw) and followed by Fe-NTA (9 mg Fe/kg bw) twice a week for 24 weeks. Another set of two groups were induced with carcinogens and treated with plant extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg bw), respectively. Further two sets of rats were treated with only the plant extracts. The therapeutic efficacy of the ethanolic extract of Tabernaemontana coronaria was observed in terms of normalization of altered renal oxidative stress parameters like LPO and enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants in kidney of rats. These results suggested that the plant extract could act against DEN and Fe-NTA induced clear cell renal cell carcinoma in male rats by a mechanism related to its antioxidant properties which was confirmed by histopathological studies.
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Prostaglandin analogous and antioxidant activity mediated gastroprotective action of Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. flower methanolic extract against chemically induced gastric ulcers in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:185476. [PMID: 24350249 PMCID: PMC3856123 DOI: 10.1155/2013/185476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the antiulcerogenic effect and recognize the basic mechanism of action of Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. flowers. T. divaricata flower methanolic extract (TDFME) was screened for antiulcer activity versus aspirin and ethanol induced gastric ulcers at three doses—125, 250, and 500 mg/kg—orally using misoprostol as a standard. Besides histopathological examination, seven parameters, that is, ulcer index, total protein, nonprotein sulphhydryls, mucin, catalase, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase levels, were estimated. In addition to HPLC profiling, GC-MS analysis and electrospray ionization—high resolution mass spectral (ESI-HRMS) analysis of crude TDFME were carried out in an attempt to identify known phytochemicals present in the extract on the basis of m/z value. The results revealed a significant increase in the levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, mucin, and nonprotein sulphhydryls, while they revealed a reduction in ulcer index, the levels of total protein, and malondialdehyde. Histopathological observations also demonstrated the protective effect. Though all the doses of TDFME exhibited gastroprotective function, higher doses were found to be more effective. Mass spectral analysis gave a few characteristic m/z values suggesting the presence of a few known indole alkaloids, while HPLC profiling highlighted the complexity of the extract. TDFME was found to exhibit its gastroprotective effect through antioxidant mechanism and by enhancing the production of gastric mucous.
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Hullatti K, Pathade N, Mandavkar Y, Godavarthi A, Biradi M. Bioactivity-guided isolation of cytotoxic constituents from three medicinal plants. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:601-606. [PMID: 23363069 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.753919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The ethanol extracts and their fractions of three Indian medicinal plants, Ervatamia coronaria (Jacq.) Stapf, (Apocynaceae), Mimosa pudica L. (Mimosaceae) and Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. (Caesalpiniaceae) were tested for their cytotoxic activity in the brine shrimp lethality (BSL) bioassay and in various cancer cell lines. The plants were selected based on their traditional use in the treatment of cancer/tumors. OBJECTIVES To investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity of Ervatamia coronaria, Mimosa pudica and Caesalpinia bonduc. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic extracts and their fractions of E. coronaria, M. pudica and C. bonduc were subjected to cytotoxicity studies using BSL bioassay method with concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 µg/ml. The alkaloid fraction of E. coronaria with significant cytotoxicity in BSL bioassay was subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity studies with HT-29, A-549, HepG-2, MCF-7 and L-6 cell lines at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml and a DNA fragmentation study using the HT-29 cell line. RESULTS The alkaloid fractions of E. coronaria and M. pudica showed significant cytotoxicity with LC50 values of 65.83 and 85.10 µg/ml in the BSL bioassay, respectively. The purified alkaloid fraction of E. coronaria exhibited highest cytotoxicity in HT-29, A-549 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 32.5, 47.5 and 72.5 µg/ml, respectively, and induced DNA fragmentation in the HT-29 cell line at a concentration of 65 µg/ml. CONCLUSION The alkaloid fraction of E. coronaria exhibited significant cytotoxicity. Alkaloids such as ervatamine, apparicine and coronaridine that were earlier reported may be responsible for this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirankumar Hullatti
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, KLE University's College of Pharmacy, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
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Chaiyana W, Schripsema J, Ingkaninan K, Okonogi S. 3'-R/S-hydroxyvoacamine, a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor from Tabernaemontana divaricata. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:543-548. [PMID: 23375813 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Guided by the acetylcholinesterase inhibiting activity, the bisindole alkaloid 3'-R/S-hydroxyvoacamine was isolated from a stem extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata, a plant used in Thailand in traditional rejuvenation remedies for improving the memory. The structure of the alkaloid was elucidated by extensive use of NMR spectroscopy and the complete assignment of the (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra is reported. The alkaloid acted as a non-competitive inhibitor against AChE with an IC50 value of 7.00±1.99 μM. An HPLC method was developed for the quantitative analysis of the AChE inhibitor. It suggested that there was 12.4% (w/w) of 3'-R/S-hydroxyvoacamine in the alkaloid enriched fraction of T. divaricata stem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantida Chaiyana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Ayyad SEN, Basaif SA, Al-Saggaf AT, Alarif WM. Vincamine and 14-epi-vincamine indole alkaloids from Ambelania occidentalis. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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de Morais Lima GR, de Albuquerque Montenegro C, de Almeida CLF, de Athayde-Filho PF, Barbosa-Filho JM, Batista LM. Database survey of anti-inflammatory plants in South America: a review. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:2692-749. [PMID: 21731467 PMCID: PMC3127143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12042692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex event linked to tissue damage whether by bacteria, physical trauma, chemical, heat or any other phenomenon. This physiological response is coordinated largely by a variety of chemical mediators that are released from the epithelium, the immunocytes and nerves of the lamina propria. However, if the factor that triggers the inflammation persists, the inflammation can become relentless, leading to an intensification of the lesion. The present work is a literature survey of plant extracts from the South American continent that have been reported to show anti-inflammatory activity. This review refers to 63 bacterial families of which the following stood out: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae and Celastraceae, with their countries, parts used, types of extract used, model bioassays, organisms tested and their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gedson Rodrigues de Morais Lima
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil; E-Mails: (G.R.M.L.); (C.A.M.); (C.L.F.A.); (P.F.A.-F.); (J.M.B.-F.)
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Zhan ZJ, Yu Q, Wang ZL, Shan WG. Indole alkaloids from Ervatamia hainanensis with potent acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6185-7. [PMID: 20850311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Through bioassay-guided fractionation and chromatography technique, eight indole alkaloids were furnished from the stems of Ervatamia hainanensis. All isolates were evaluated for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activities, in which compounds 1 and 3 exhibited the same level of activities as galantamine, a marketed cholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Discussion about the relationships between structure and activity of these alkaloids was also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zha-Jun Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
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Nakdook W, Khongsombat O, Taepavarapruk P, Taepavarapruk N, Ingkaninan K. The effects of Tabernaemontana divaricata root extract on amyloid beta-peptide 25-35 peptides induced cognitive deficits in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 130:122-126. [PMID: 20435125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 04/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ETHNOPHAMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Tabernaemontana divaricata (TD), a Thai medicinal herb, has been widely used as an analgesic, sedative, or a cough syrup. Moreover, it has been used in traditional rejuvenation remedies as for preventing forgetfulness and improving the memory. AIM OF STUDY The present study aimed to determine the effect of TD on Abeta25-35 peptides induced cognitive deficits and acetylcholinesterase activity in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were pretreated with TDE (250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days and then received i.c.v. injection of Abeta25-35 peptides. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) and step-down avoidance test. The Ellman's colorimetric method was used to investigate the levels of cortical and hippocampal AChE activity. RESULTS Abeta25-35 peptides induced the memory impairment and the increased levels of cortical and hippocampal AChE activity. The consumption of TDE significantly improved the memory impairment and attenuated the brain levels of AChE activity induced by Abeta25-35 peptides. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that subchronic administration of TDE might prevent the Abeta25-35 peptides induced memory deficits by decreasing the AChE activity level. Therefore TDE could potentially be one of nootropic supplements for those elderly people suffering from dementia such as the AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walika Nakdook
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Zhan ZJ, Zhang LW, Shan WG. Ervahainanmine, a new indole alkaloid from the stems of Ervatamia hainanensis. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2009. [DOI: 10.3184/030823409x465240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new sarpagine-type alkaloid with N-oxide group, called ervahainanmine, and three known ones including coronaridine, 19(S)-heyneanineguan, and coronaridine hydroxyindolenineguan were isolated from the stems of Evratamia hainanensis. The structure was established by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zha-Jun Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Li-Wen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Guang Shan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
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Vieira IJ, Medeiros WL, Monnerat CS, Souza JJ, Mathias L, Braz-Filho R, Pinto AC, Sousa PM, Rezende CM, Epifanio RDA. Two fast screening methods (GC-MS and TLC-ChEI assay) for rapid evaluation of potential anticholinesterasic indole alkaloids in complex mixtures. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2008; 80:419-26. [DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652008000300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacotherapyfor Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI). Recent investigations for novel AD therapeutic agents from plants suggested that Tabernaemontana genus is a promising source of novel anticholinesterasic indole alkaloids. In this work two fast screening techniques were combined in order to easily identify novel cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the less polar alkaloidic fractions obtained from the acid-base extraction of the stalk of T. laeta revealed thirteen monoindole alkaloids, four of them confirmed by co-injection with previously isolated alkaloids. The others were tentatively identified by mass fragmentation analysis. By gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and using isatin as internal standard, affinisine and voachalotine were determined as major compounds. These fractions and fourteen previously isolated alkaloids, obtained from root bark of T. laeta and T. hystrix were investigated for acetyl (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activities by the modified Ellman's method in thin layer chromatography(TLC-ChEI). Results showed selective inhibition of the alkaloids heyneanine and Nb-methylvoachalotine for BuChE, and 19-epi-isovoacristine for AChE, whereas olivacine, affinisine, ibogamine, affinine, conodurine and hystrixnineinhibited both enzymes. In addition to confirming that monoterpenoid indole alkaloids can be novel therapeutic agents for AD, this is the first report of the ChEI activity of olivacine, a pyridocarbazole alkaloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo J.C. Vieira
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Leda Mathias
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Brasil
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Osorio EJ, Robledo SM, Bastida J. Alkaloids with antiprotozoal activity. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2008; 66:113-90. [PMID: 19025098 DOI: 10.1016/s1099-4831(08)00202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edison J Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química-Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia, A. A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
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Soares DC, Pereira CG, Meireles MAA, Saraiva EM. Leishmanicidal activity of a supercritical fluid fraction obtained from Tabernaemontana catharinensis. Parasitol Int 2007; 56:135-9. [PMID: 17306614 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2007.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Revised: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The branches and leaves of Tabernaemontana catharinensis were extracted with supercritical fluid using a mixture of CO(2) plus ethanol (SFE), and the indole alkaloid enriched fraction (AF3) was selected for anti-Leishmania activity studies. We found that AF3 exhibits a potent effect against intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis, a causative agent of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis. AF3 inhibits Leishmania survival in a dose-dependent manner, and reached 88% inhibition of amastigote growth at 100 microg/mL. The anti-parasite effect was independent of nitric oxide (NO), since AF3 was able to inhibit NO production induced by IFN-gamma plus LPS. In addition, AF3 inhibited TGF-beta production, which could have facilitated AF3-mediated parasite killing. The AF3 fraction obtained from SFE was nontoxic for host macrophages, as assessed by plasma membrane integrity and mitochondrial activity. We conclude that SFE is an efficient method for obtaining bioactive indole alkaloids from plant extracts. Importantly, this method preserved the alkaloid properties associated with inhibition of Leishmania growth in macrophages without toxicity to host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivid Costa Soares
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil
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Chattipakorn S, Pongpanparadorn A, Pratchayasakul W, Pongchaidacha A, Ingkaninan K, Chattipakorn N. Tabernaemontana divaricata extract inhibits neuronal acetylcholinesterase activity in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 110:61-8. [PMID: 17023131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Revised: 08/17/2006] [Accepted: 09/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The current pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChE-Is). A previous in vitro study showed that Tabernaemontana divaricata extract (TDE) can inhibit AChE activity. However, neither the AChE inhibitory effects nor the effect on neuronal activity of TDE has been investigated in vivo. To determine those effects of TDE in animal models, the Ellman's colorimetric method was implemented to investigate the cortical and circulating cholinesterase (ChE) activity, and Fos expression was used to determine the neuronal activity in the cerebral cortex, following acute administration of TDE with various doses (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) and at different time points. All doses of TDE 2 h after a single administration significantly inhibited cortical AChE activity and enhanced neuronal activity in the cerebral cortex. The enhancement of Fos expression and AChE inhibitory effects in the cerebral cortex among the three TDE-treated groups was not significantly different. A 2 h interval following all doses of TDE administration had no effect on circulating ChE activity. However, TDE significantly inhibited circulating AChE 10, 30 and 60 min after administration. Our findings suggest that TDE is a reversible AChE-I and could be beneficial as a novel therapeutic agent for AD.
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Ingkaninan K, Changwijit K, Suwanborirux K. Vobasinyl-iboga bisindole alkaloids, potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Tabernaemontana divaricata root. J Pharm Pharmacol 2006; 58:847-52. [PMID: 16734986 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.6.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The roots of the Thai medicinal plant, Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult., were investigated for their content of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Bioassay-guided fractionation using the Ellman colorimetric method led to the isolation of two bisindole alkaloids, 19,20-dihydrotabernamine and 19,20-dihydroervahanine A. The compounds showed higher inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase in comparison with galanthamine, a well-known acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The inhibitory activity of 19,20-dihydroervahanine A was proved to be specific, reversible and competitive. During the separation process, two inactive bisindole alkaloids, conodurine and tabernaelegantine A, were also isolated. The data suggest that the substitutions at the carbons 11', 12' and 16' might affect the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornkanok Ingkaninan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Andrade MT, Lima JA, Pinto AC, Rezende CM, Carvalho MP, Epifanio RA. Indole alkaloids from Tabernaemontana australis (Muell. Arg) Miers that inhibit acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:4092-5. [PMID: 15911323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2004] [Revised: 03/22/2005] [Accepted: 03/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ten indole alkaloids from the chloroform extract of stalk of Tabernaemontana australis (Muell. Arg) Miers were tentatively identified by GC-MS, viz., coronaridine (1), voacangine (2), voacangine hydroxyindolenine (3), rupicoline (4), ibogamine (5), ibogaine (6), ibogaline (7), desethyl-voacangine (8), voachalotine (9), and affinisine (10). Of these, the first four were isolated by silica gel open column chromatography, identified by uni- and bidimensional NMR, IR, MS and showed anti-cholinesterasic activity at the same concentration as the reference compounds physostigmine and galanthamine (detection limit of 0.01mM) by TLC assay using the modified Ellman's method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo T Andrade
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, Cidade Universitária, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Sundberg RJ, Smith SQ. The IBOGA alkaloids and their role as precursors of anti-neoplastic bisindole Catharanthus alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2003; 59:281-376. [PMID: 12561419 DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(02)59009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Sundberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va., USA
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Delorenzi JC, Freire-de-Lima L, Gattass CR, de Andrade Costa D, He L, Kuehne ME, Saraiva EMB. In vitro activities of iboga alkaloid congeners coronaridine and 18-methoxycoronaridine against Leishmania amazonensis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46:2111-5. [PMID: 12069962 PMCID: PMC127312 DOI: 10.1128/aac.46.7.2111-2115.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2001] [Revised: 01/11/2002] [Accepted: 03/27/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, we demonstrated the leishmanicide effect of coronaridine, a natural indole alkaloid isolated from stem bark of Peschiera australis (Delorenzi et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:1349-1354, 2001). In this study we show the leishmanicidal effect of the synthetic coronaridine and its racemic 18-methoxylated analog, 18-methoxycoronaridine. Both alkaloids revealed a potent leishmanicide effect against Leishmania amazonensis, a causative agent of cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World. Despite their potent leishmanicide effect, both alkaloids were neither toxic to murine macrophages nor did they modulate their oxidative or cytokine production responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Carlo Delorenzi
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Delorenzi JC, Attias M, Gattass CR, Andrade M, Rezende C, da Cunha Pinto A, Henriques AT, Bou-Habib DC, Saraiva EM. Antileishmanial activity of an indole alkaloid from Peschiera australis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45:1349-54. [PMID: 11302794 PMCID: PMC90472 DOI: 10.1128/aac.45.5.1349-1354.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we show the leishmanicidal effects of a chloroform fraction (CLF) and a purified indole alkaloid obtained from crude stem extract of Peschiera australis against Leishmania amazonensis, a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World. In a bioassay-guided chemical fractionation, the leishmanicidal activity in CLF completely and irreversibly inhibited promastigote growth. This fraction was also active against amastigotes in infected murine macrophages. Chemical analysis of CLF identified an iboga-type indole alkaloid coronaridine as one of its major compounds. Coronaridine showed potent antileishmanial activity, inhibiting promastigote and amastigote growth. Promastigotes and amastigotes treated with CLF or coronaridine showed pronounced alterations in their mitochondria as assessed by transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Delorenzi
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia das Leishmanioses, Departamento de Imunologia-Instituto de Microbiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Ingkaninan K, Ijzerman AP, Taesotikult T, Verpoorte R. Isolation of opioid-active compounds from Tabernaemontana pachysiphon leaves. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999; 51:1441-6. [PMID: 10678501 DOI: 10.1211/0022357991777092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A procedure for prefractionation of crude plant extracts by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) has been developed to enable rapid identification of known-positive compounds or false-positive compounds and to increase the chance of identifying minor unknown-active compounds. The study explored the use of CPC as a tool in the prefractionation step before investigation of bioactivity. Fractions obtained by CPC from an ethanolic extract of Tabernaemontana pachysiphon Stapf (Apocynaceae) were screened by means of an opiate-receptor-binding assay and an adenosine A1-receptor-binding assay. Fractions containing fatty acids, which had false-positive effects on the assay, were identified, as were unknown-positive fractions from which two opioid-active compounds, tubotaiwine and apparicine, were subsequently isolated. The affinities (Ki) of tubotaiwine and apparicine at the opiate receptor were 1.65 +/- 0.81 and 2.65 +/- 1.56 micromol, respectively. Both alkaloids had analgesic activity in the abdominal constriction test in mice. CPC prefractionation led to the rapid isolation of two opioid-active compounds, tubotaiwine and apparicine, from the unknown-positive fraction; false-positive fractions were rapidly identified. Both tubotaiwine and apparicine had affinity for adenosine receptors in the micromolar range and also had in-vivo analgesic activity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ingkaninan
- Leiden/Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, The Netherlands
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