Martin E, Mauer I, Malzahn U, Heuschmann PU, Goebeler M, Benoit S. Comorbid diseases among bullous pemphigoid patients in Germany: new insights from a case-control study.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2022;
20:798-805. [PMID:
35657083 DOI:
10.1111/ddg.14738]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Other comorbid diseases are discussed controversially. We evaluated the prevalence of comorbidity in BP patients in a representative area of Germany.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Medical files of all BP patients treated at the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany, between June 2002 and May 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Bullous pemphigoid was diagnosed based on established criteria. For each patient, two controls were individually matched. Records were evaluated for age, sex, laboratory values, concomitant medication and comorbidity. Conditional logistic regression, multivariable regression analysis and complex regression models were performed to compare results.
RESULTS
300 BP patients were identified and compared to 583 controls. Bullous pemphigoid was associated with neuropsychiatric disorders as well as laboratory abnormalities including leukocytosis and eosinophilia. Importantly, a highly significant association of BP with anemia (OR 2.127; 95 % CI 1.532-2.953) and renal impairment (OR 2.218; 95 % CI 1.643-2.993) was identified. No association was found with malignancy and arterial hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data revealed an increased frequency of anemia and renal impairment in BP patients. In accordance with previous studies the strong association for neuropsychiatric disorders was confirmed (p < 0.0005).
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