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Griffin KW, Scheier LM, Komarc M, Botvin GJ. Adolescent Transitions in Self-Management Strategies and Young Adult Alcohol Use. Eval Health Prof 2021; 44:25-41. [DOI: 10.1177/0163278720983432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Individuals use a variety of strategies to manage their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors across the lifespan. In this study, we used latent class analysis to derive distinct subtypes of self-management skills in early adolescence and latent transition analysis to examine whether movement between different classes was associated with later young adult alcohol use. Assessments of behavioral self-control, affective self-regulation, and cognitive self-reinforcement were obtained in the seventh and 10th grades from students participating in two independent drug prevention trials (control group participants only, N = 3,939). Assessment of alcohol use was obtained when participants were young adults (23–26). A model distinguishing four subtypes of self-management skills fit best for both the seventh and 10th grades. While findings indicated modest stability in class structure over time, maintaining class membership characterized by high cognitive self-reinforcement and high affective self-regulation was consistently protective in terms of young adult alcohol use relative to movement from this to other classes. Transitions in class membership involving an expansion of self-management strategies were protective and associated with lower levels of young adult alcohol use and transitions involving a contraction of self-management strategies associated with higher young adult alcohol use. This study illustrates the important use of person-centered techniques to exemplify how typologies of self-management during adolescence can play a protective role in young adult alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth W. Griffin
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health & Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Lawrence M. Scheier
- LARS Research Institute, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- Prevention Strategies, Greensboro, NC
| | - Martin Komarc
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Kinanthropology and Humanities, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gilbert J. Botvin
- National Health Promotion Associates, Westchester, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Medical College Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
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Zammit N, Maatoug J, Ghammam R, Bhiri S, Ghannem H. Tobacco use: the main predictor of illicit substances use among young adolescents in Sousse, Tunisia. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2018; 32:ijamh-2017-0213. [PMID: 30367795 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Early adolescence is a critical period usually associated with experimentation with illicit substances. In Tunisia few studies explored these risk behaviors among young adolescents. Aims To evaluate the prevalence and the predictors of the use of illicit substances among the young adolescents of Sousse. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the region of Sousse, Tunisia during the 2013/2014 school year among 4272 schoolchildren in 16 public middle schools. Data about psychosocial characteristics and risk behaviors among the schoolchildren, their parents, their siblings and their friends were collected anonymously using a self-administrated questionnaire. Results Females represented 50.5% of participants. The mean age of schoolchildren was 13.3 (±1.2) years. Lifetime illicit substances use prevalence was 2.9% [confidence interval (CI) 95%: (2.4%-3.4%)] and lifetime use of tobacco prevalence was 12.9% [CI 95%: (11.9%-13.9%)]. The age of tobacco onset was significantly younger to the age of experimentation with illicit substances. Insomnia, sadness and illicit substances use among peers were associated with illicit substances use among participants. While the most influential risk factor on illicit substances use was current cigarette smoking with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 7.2 [CI 95%: (4.5-11.2)]. Conclusion A national substances use prevention program should be implemented in the schools of Tunisia with an emphasis on tobacco use prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawel Zammit
- Department of Epidemiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia, Phone: 00216 97 226 340
| | - Jihen Maatoug
- Department of Epidemiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Rim Ghammam
- Department of Epidemiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sana Bhiri
- Department of Epidemiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Ghannem
- Department of Epidemiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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Rodgers CRR, Nichols TR, Botvin GJ. Alcohol and Cigarette Free: Examining Social Influences on Substance Use Abstinence among Black Non-Latina and Latina Urban Adolescent Girls. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2011.599274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Effects of prenatal tobacco, alcohol and marijuana exposure on processing speed, visual-motor coordination, and interhemispheric transfer. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2010; 32:580-8. [PMID: 20600845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in motor control are often reported in children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Less is known about the effects of prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) and prenatal marijuana exposure (PME) on motor coordination, and previous studies have not considered whether PTE, PAE, and PME interact to affect motor control. This study investigated the effects of PTE, PAE, and PME as well as current drug use on speed of processing, visual-motor coordination, and interhemispheric transfer in 16-year-old adolescents. Data were collected as part of the Maternal Health Practices and Child Development Project. Adolescents (age 16, n=320) participating in a longitudinal study of the effects of prenatal substance exposure on developmental outcomes were evaluated in this study. The computerized Bimanual Coordination Test (BCT) was used to assess each domain of function. Other important variables, such as demographics, home environment, and psychological characteristics of the mother and adolescent were also considered in the analyses. There were significant and independent effects of PTE, PAE, and PME on processing speed and interhemispheric transfer of information. PTE and PME were associated with deficits in visual-motor coordination. There were no interactions between PAE, PTE, and PME. Current tobacco use predicted deficits in speed of processing. Current alcohol and marijuana use by the offspring were not associated with any measures of performance on the BCT.
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Child abuse and neglect: relations to adolescent binge drinking in the national longitudinal study of Adolescent Health (AddHealth) Study. Addict Behav 2009; 34:277-80. [PMID: 19028418 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between child maltreatment and adolescent binge drinking. Given that many victimized children have been maltreated in multiple ways, we examine the effects of co-occurrence of multiple types of maltreatment on adolescent binge drinking. We used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (AddHealth), which included a nationally representative sample of adolescents (n=12,748). Adolescent binge drinking was defined as five or more drinks in a row at least 2-3 times per month in the past year. Among those reporting any maltreatment, 12.4% reported binge drinking compared to 9.9% among those reporting no maltreatment. Logistic regression models found that child maltreatment is a robust risk factor for adolescent binge drinking controlling for parental alcoholism. In particular, all types of or combinations of types of maltreatment were strongly associated with adolescent binge drinking, controlling for age, gender, race, parental alcoholism and monitoring. Research examining the effect of childhood maltreatment on later alcohol abuse needs to recognize the clustering effects of multiple types of childhood maltreatment on alcohol problems.
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Yücel M, Lubman DI, Solowij N, Brewer WJ. Understanding drug addiction: a neuropsychological perspective. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2007; 41:957-68. [PMID: 17999268 DOI: 10.1080/00048670701689444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present review is to describe the neuropsychological correlates of long-term substance abuse and to discuss the findings within the context of premorbid vulnerabilities, comorbidity and adolescent neurodevelopment. The authors critically review key findings from the neuropsychological literature related to the long-term sequelae of alcohol, cannabis, inhalant, opiates, psychostimulants and ecstasy use. Leading electronic databases such as PubMed were searched to identify relevant studies published in the past 20 years. References identified from bibliographies of pertinent articles and books in the field were also collected and selectively reviewed. Across substances, individuals with long-term abuse consistently demonstrate neuropsychological impairments of executive (inhibitory) control, working memory and decision making, together with neurobiological abnormalities involving frontotemporal and basal ganglia circuits. In some instances these deficits are dose dependent, implying that they are a direct consequence of prolonged drug exposure. However, comorbid behavioural, personality and mental health problems are common among drug-using populations and are associated with similar neuropsychological deficits. Presented herein is a neuropsychological model of addictive behaviour that highlights the complex interplay between cognition, brain maturation, psychopathology and drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Yücel
- ORYGEN Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Fishbein DH, Hyde C, Eldreth D, Paschall MJ, Hubal R, Das A, Tarter R, Ialongo N, Hubbard S, Yung B. Neurocognitive skills moderate urban male adolescents' responses to preventive intervention materials. Drug Alcohol Depend 2006; 82:47-60. [PMID: 16154296 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2004] [Revised: 08/10/2005] [Accepted: 08/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present experiment was designed to determine whether individual variation in neurobiological mechanisms associated with substance abuse risk moderated effects of a brief preventive intervention on social competency skills. This study was conducted in collaboration with the ongoing preventive intervention study at Johns Hopkins University Prevention Intervention Research Center (JHU PIRC) within the Baltimore City Public Schools. A subsample (N = 120) of male 9th grade students was recruited from the larger JHU study population. Approximately half of the participants had a current or lifetime diagnosis of CD while the other half had no diagnosis of CD or other reported problem behaviors. Measures of executive cognitive function (ECF), emotional perception and intelligence were administered. In a later session, participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group. The experimental group underwent a facilitated session using excerpted materials from a model preventive intervention, Positive Adolescent Choices Training (PACT), and controls received no intervention. Outcomes (i.e., social competency skills) were assessed using virtual reality vignettes involving behavioral choices as well as three social cognition questionnaires. Poor cognitive and emotional performance and a diagnosis of CD predicted less favorable change in social competency skills in response to the prevention curriculum. This study provides evidence for the moderating effects of neurocognitive and emotional regulatory functions on ability of urban male youth to respond to preventive intervention materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana H Fishbein
- RTI International, Transdisciplinary Behavioral Science Program, 6801 Eastern Avenue, Suite 203, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Fishbein DH, Eldreth DL, Hyde C, Matochik JA, London ED, Contoreggi C, Kurian V, Kimes AS, Breeden A, Grant S. Risky decision making and the anterior cingulate cortex in abstinent drug abusers and nonusers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 23:119-36. [PMID: 15795139 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2004] [Revised: 12/14/2004] [Accepted: 12/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Risky decision making is a hallmark behavioral phenotype of drug abuse; thus, an understanding of its biological bases may inform efforts to develop therapies for addictive disorders. A neurocognitive task that measures this function (Rogers Decision-Making Task; RDMT) was paired with measures of regional cerebral perfusion to identify brain regions that may underlie deficits in risky decision making in drug abusers. Subjects were abstinent drug abusers (> or =3 months) and healthy controls who underwent positron emission tomography scans with H(2)(15)O. Drug abusers showed greater risk taking and heightened sensitivity to rewards than control subjects. Both drug abusers and controls exhibited significant activations in a widespread network of brain regions, primarily in the frontal cortex, previously implicated in decision-making tasks. The only significant group difference in brain activation, however, was found in the left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, with drug abusers exhibiting less task-related activation than control subjects. There were no significant correlations between neural activity and task performance within the control group. In the drug abuse group, on the other hand, increased risky choices on the RDMT negatively correlated with activation in the right hippocampus, left anterior cingulate gyrus, left medial orbitofrontal cortex, and left parietal lobule, and positively correlated with activation in the right insula. Drug abuse severity was related positively to right medial orbitofrontal activity. Attenuated activation of the pregenual ACC in the drug abusers relative to the controls during performance on the RDMT may underlie the abusers' tendency to choose risky outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana H Fishbein
- Transdisciplinary Behavioral Science Program, RTI International, 6801 Eastern Avenue, Suite 203, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Examining Gender Differences in Adolescent Substance Abuse Behavior: Comparisons and Implications for Treatment. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2004. [DOI: 10.1300/j029v13n03_03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Life Events, Neighborhood Stress, Psychosocial Functioning, and Alcohol Use Among Urban Minority Youth. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2000. [DOI: 10.1300/j029v09n01_02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Scheier LM, Botvin GJ, Diaz T, Griffin KW. Social skills, competence, and drug refusal efficacy as predictors of adolescent alcohol use. JOURNAL OF DRUG EDUCATION 1999; 29:251-278. [PMID: 10645126 DOI: 10.2190/m3ct-wwjm-5jaq-wp15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Numerous alcohol and drug abuse prevention trials have included social resistance training as a strategy for reducing early-stage adolescent alcohol use. Evaluations of these trials has shown them to be moderately effective, although the precise impact of the resistance training in comparison to other programmatic features has not been clearly identified. The current study examined the extent to which assertiveness and related social skills, personal competence (perceived cognitive mastery), and refusal efficacy predict alcohol involvement. Males were at greater risk for poor refusal skills and reported higher alcohol involvement. Cross-sectionally, youth characterized by poor social skill development reported lower refusal efficacy, lower grades, poor competence, and more alcohol use. Poor refusal efficacy was associated with more risk-taking, lower grades, less competence, and more alcohol use. Longitudinally, both poor refusal skills and risk-taking were associated with higher alcohol use. High personal competence was associated with lower alcohol use in both the eighth and tenth grades, but had no long-term effects on alcohol use. Findings highlight the close interplay between perceived competence and refusal skill efficacy, both of which should be included as essential components of school-based prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Scheier
- Department of Public Health, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Hsieh S, Hoffmann NG, Hollister CD. The relationship between pre-, during-, post-treatment factors, and adolescent substance abuse behaviors. Addict Behav 1998; 23:477-88. [PMID: 9698976 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4603(98)00028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between pre-, during-, post-treatment variables, and treatment outcome by using a secondary data analysis of the 6- and 12-months posttreatment follow-up data from 2,317 adolescent subjects. Pre-treatment variables included in this study are psychosocial, family-related, substance abuse, and special event variables. During-treatment variables are length of stay and parental participation in treatment. Post-treatment variables cover the attendance of subsequent treatment/continuing care, such as AA/NA and CD aftercare, and parental attendance of subsequent treatment. Results from discriminant function analyses indicated that during- and post-treatment variables could differentiate the abstinence status at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. It was also shown that the post-treatment variable group exhibited the best classification accuracy among the three variable groups across both follow-up periods. Limitations in applying research findings and their implications for adolescent substance abuse treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hsieh
- School of Social Work, University of Minnesota, USA
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Scheier LM, Botvin GJ. Psychosocial Correlates of Affective Distress: Latent-Variable Models of Male and Female Adolescents in a Community Sample. J Youth Adolesc 1997. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1024544329855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Ethnic Identity as a Moderator of Psychosocial Risk and Adolescent Alcohol and Marijuana Use: Concurrent and Longitudinal Analyses. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 1997. [DOI: 10.1300/j029v06n01_03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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