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Kurbanova A, Zákutná D, Gołąbek K, Mazur M, Přech J. Preparation of Fe@MFI and CuFe@MFI composite hydrogenation catalysts by reductive demetallation of Fe-zeolites. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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2
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Tang Y, Li Y, Feng Tao F. Activation and catalytic transformation of methane under mild conditions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 51:376-423. [PMID: 34904592 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, worldwide scientists have been motivated by the promising production of chemicals from the widely existing methane (CH4) under mild conditions for both chemical synthesis with low energy consumption and climate remediation. To achieve this goal, a whole library of catalytic chemistries of transforming CH4 to various products under mild conditions is required to be developed. Worldwide scientists have made significant efforts to reach this goal. These significant efforts have demonstrated the feasibility of oxidation of CH4 to value-added intermediate compounds including but not limited to CH3OH, HCHO, HCOOH, and CH3COOH under mild conditions. The fundamental understanding of these chemical and catalytic transformations of CH4 under mild conditions have been achieved to some extent, although currently neither a catalyst nor a catalytic process can be used for chemical production under mild conditions at a large scale. In the academic community, over ten different reactions have been developed for converting CH4 to different types of oxygenates under mild conditions in terms of a relatively low activation or catalysis temperature. However, there is still a lack of a molecular-level understanding of the activation and catalysis processes performed in extremely complex reaction environments under mild conditions. This article reviewed the fundamental understanding of these activation and catalysis achieved so far. Different oxidative activations of CH4 or catalytic transformations toward chemical production under mild conditions were reviewed in parallel, by which the trend of developing catalysts for a specific reaction was identified and insights into the design of these catalysts were gained. As a whole, this review focused on discussing profound insights gained through endeavors of scientists in this field. It aimed to present a relatively complete picture for the activation and catalytic transformations of CH4 to chemicals under mild conditions. Finally, suggestions of potential explorations for the production of chemicals from CH4 under mild conditions were made. The facing challenges to achieve high yield of ideal products were highlighted and possible solutions to tackle them were briefly proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Institute of Molecular Catalysis and In situ/operando Studies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350000, China.
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, KS 66045, USA.
| | - Franklin Feng Tao
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, KS 66045, USA.
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3
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Ou X, Pilitsis F, Xu N, Taylor SFR, Warren J, Garforth A, Zhang J, Hardacre C, Jiao Y, Fan X. On developing ferrisilicate catalysts supported on silicon carbide (SiC) foam catalysts for continuous catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) reactions. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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4
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Vakulin IV, Pas’ko PA, Talipov RF, Talipova GR, Kupova OY. Influence of the Pore Diameter in Zeolites on the Activation Energy of Formation of 4-Alkyl-1,3-Dioxanes in the Prins Reaction. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158419030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Parkhomchuk EV, García-Aguilar J, Sashkina KA, Berenguer-Murcia A, Cazorla-Amorós D, Dralyuk RI, Shestakova DO, Ayupov AB, Danilova IG, Parmon VN. Ferrosilicate-Based Heterogeneous Fenton Catalysts: Influence of Crystallinity, Porosity, and Iron Speciation. Catal Letters 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-018-2496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Gao F, Zheng Y, Kukkadapu RK, Wang Y, Walter ED, Schwenzer B, Szanyi J, Peden CHF. Iron Loading Effects in Fe/SSZ-13 NH3-SCR Catalysts: Nature of the Fe Ions and Structure–Function Relationships. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | | | - Ravi K. Kukkadapu
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yilin Wang
- Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Eric D. Walter
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Birgit Schwenzer
- Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - János Szanyi
- Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Charles H. F. Peden
- Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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9
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Taniguchi T, Nakasaka Y, Yoneta K, Tago T, Masuda T. Size-Controlled Synthesis of Metallosilicates with MTW Structure and Catalytic Performance for Methanol-to-Propylene Reaction. Catal Letters 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-015-1683-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Bordiga S, Lamberti C, Bonino F, Travert A, Thibault-Starzyk F. Probing zeolites by vibrational spectroscopies. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:7262-341. [PMID: 26435467 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00396b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This review addresses the most relevant aspects of vibrational spectroscopies (IR, Raman and INS) applied to zeolites and zeotype materials. Surface Brønsted and Lewis acidity and surface basicity are treated in detail. The role of probe molecules and the relevance of tuning both the proton affinity and the steric hindrance of the probe to fully understand and map the complex site population present inside microporous materials are critically discussed. A detailed description of the methods needed to precisely determine the IR absorption coefficients is given, making IR a quantitative technique. The thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption process that can be extracted from a variable-temperature IR study are described. Finally, cutting-edge space- and time-resolved experiments are reviewed. All aspects are discussed by reporting relevant examples. When available, the theoretical literature related to the reviewed experimental results is reported to support the interpretation of the vibrational spectra on an atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centers, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15, I-10135 Torino, Italy
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11
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Zhou H, Zhu W, Shi L, Liu H, Liu S, Xu S, Ni Y, Liu Y, Li L, Liu Z. Promotion effect of Fe in mordenite zeolite on carbonylation of dimethyl ether to methyl acetate. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy01580k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fe-modified mordenite samples were synthesized and employed in dimethyl ether carbonylation reaction, resulting in an evident improvement of the stability.
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12
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van Bokhoven JA, Lamberti C. Structure of aluminum, iron, and other heteroatoms in zeolites by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Moretti G, Fierro G, Ferraris G, Andreozzi G, Naticchioni V. N2O decomposition over [Fe]-MFI catalysts: Influence of the Fe O nuclearity and the presence of framework aluminum on the catalytic activity. J Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Al-Khattaf S, Ali SA, Aitani AM, Žilková N, Kubička D, Čejka J. Recent Advances in Reactions of Alkylbenzenes Over Novel Zeolites: The Effects of Zeolite Structure and Morphology. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2014.946846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Hammond C, Dimitratos N, Jenkins RL, Lopez-Sanchez JA, Kondrat SA, Hasbi ab Rahim M, Forde MM, Thetford A, Taylor SH, Hagen H, Stangland EE, Kang JH, Moulijn JM, Willock DJ, Hutchings GJ. Elucidation and Evolution of the Active Component within Cu/Fe/ZSM-5 for Catalytic Methane Oxidation: From Synthesis to Catalysis. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs3007999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ceri Hammond
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Robert L. Jenkins
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jose Antonio Lopez-Sanchez
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Simon A. Kondrat
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Mohd Hasbi ab Rahim
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael M. Forde
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Thetford
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart H. Taylor
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Henk Hagen
- Dow Benelux B.V., Herbert H. Dowweg 5, 4542 NM HOEK, Postbus 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen,
The Netherlands
| | - Eric E. Stangland
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Joo H. Kang
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Jacob M. Moulijn
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute,
School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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17
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Koekkoek A, Kim W, Degirmenci V, Xin H, Ryoo R, Hensen E. Catalytic performance of sheet-like Fe/ZSM-5 zeolites for the selective oxidation of benzene with nitrous oxide. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Bordiga S, Groppo E, Agostini G, van Bokhoven JA, Lamberti C. Reactivity of Surface Species in Heterogeneous Catalysts Probed by In Situ X-ray Absorption Techniques. Chem Rev 2013; 113:1736-850. [DOI: 10.1021/cr2000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Agostini
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, HCI E127 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry (LSK) Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Instituteaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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19
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Glebov EM, Pozdnyakov IP, Grivin VP, Plyusnin VF, Bazhin NM, Zhang X, Wu F, Timofeeva MN. Laser flash photolysis study of photocatalytic properties of pillared interlayered clays and Fe,Al-silica mesoporous catalysts. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:1939-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50112d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Coelho JV, Guedes MS, Barrera D, Sapag K, Pereira MC, Oliveira LCAD. Controlling the morphology and pore size of mesostructured silica nanoparticles: the role of the iron oxidation state. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:11271-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50794g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Hammond C, Forde MM, Ab Rahim MH, Thetford A, He Q, Jenkins RL, Dimitratos N, Lopez-Sanchez JA, Dummer NF, Murphy DM, Carley AF, Taylor SH, Willock DJ, Stangland EE, Kang J, Hagen H, Kiely CJ, Hutchings GJ. Direct Catalytic Conversion of Methane to Methanol in an Aqueous Medium by using Copper-Promoted Fe-ZSM-5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201108706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Hammond C, Forde MM, Ab Rahim MH, Thetford A, He Q, Jenkins RL, Dimitratos N, Lopez-Sanchez JA, Dummer NF, Murphy DM, Carley AF, Taylor SH, Willock DJ, Stangland EE, Kang J, Hagen H, Kiely CJ, Hutchings GJ. Direct Catalytic Conversion of Methane to Methanol in an Aqueous Medium by using Copper-Promoted Fe-ZSM-5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5129-33. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201108706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Lee JK, Kim YJ, Lee HJ, Kim SH, Cho SJ, Nam IS, Hong SB. Iron-substituted TNU-9, TNU-10, and IM-5 zeolites and their steam-activated analogs as catalysts for direct N2O decomposition. J Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Hierarchical zeolites prepared by organosilane templating: A study of the synthesis mechanism and catalytic activity. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Hiyoshi N, Ikeda T, Kato M. Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide with Silver-exchanged Mordenite Containing Cobalt in Framework Sites. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Ristić A, Lázár K, Solt H, Kaučič V. The influence of microwave-assisted synthesis on nanocrystalline iron silicalite-1 particles. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ce00571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Sirotin SV, Moskovskaya IF, Romanovsky BV. Synthetic strategy for Fe-MCM-41 catalyst: a key factor for homogeneous or heterogeneous phenol oxidation. Catal Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cy00107h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Subramanian H, Nettleton EG, Budhi S, Koodali RT. Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones using Fe containing MCM-48 cubic mesoporous materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Hartmann M. Spektroskopische Charakterisierung von porösen Materialien - Stand der Technik und Zukunftsperspektiven. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Kharlamova T, Pavlova S, Sadykov V, Chaikina M, Krieger T, Ishchenko A, Pavlyukhin Y, Petrov S, Argirusis C. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Fe-Doped Apatite-Type Lanthanum Silicates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ko YS, Jang HT, Ahn WS. Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of Fe(III)-substituted mordenites. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-008-0211-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Nature of active sites in the Fe-TON Zeolites: Mössbauer and IR studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(08)80025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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36
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Malykhin SE, Anufrienko VF, Hansen EJM, Kuznetsova EV, Larina TV, Zhidomirov GM. Distortion of the tetrahedral coordination of Fe(III) ions stabilized in ZSM-5 zeolite framework. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10947-007-0127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Limbach LK, Wick P, Manser P, Grass RN, Bruinink A, Stark WJ. Exposure of engineered nanoparticles to human lung epithelial cells: influence of chemical composition and catalytic activity on oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2007; 41:4158-63. [PMID: 17612205 DOI: 10.1021/es062629t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The chemical and catalytic activity of nanoparticles has strongly contributed to the current tremendous interest in engineered nanomaterials and often serves as a guiding principle for the design of functional materials. Since it has most recently become evident that such active materials can enter into cells or organisms, the present study investigates the level of intracellular oxidations after exposure to iron-, cobalt-, manganese-, and titania-containing silica nanoparticles and the corresponding pure oxides in vitro. The resulting oxidative stress was quantitatively measured as the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The use of thoroughly characterized nanoparticles of the same morphology, comparable size, shape, and degree of agglomeration allowed separation of physical (rate of particle uptake, agglomeration, sedimentation) and chemical effects (oxidations). Three sets of control experiments elucidated the role of nanoparticles as carriers for heavy metal uptake and excluded a potential interference of the biological assay with the nanomaterial. The present results indicate that the particles could efficiently enter the cells by a Trojan-horse type mechanism which provoked an up to eight times higher oxidative stress in the case of cobalt or manganese if compared to reference cultures exposed to aqueous solutions of the same metals. A systematic investigation on iron-containing nanoparticles as used in industrial fine chemical synthesis demonstrated that the presence of catalytic activity could strongly alter the damaging action of a nanomaterial. This indicates that a proactive development of nanomaterials and their risk assessment should consider chemical and catalytic properties of nanomaterials beyond a mere focus on physical properties such as size, shape, and degree of agglomeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig K Limbach
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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38
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Zecchina A, Rivallan M, Berlier G, Lamberti C, Ricchiardi G. Structure and nuclearity of active sites in Fe-zeolites: comparison with iron sites in enzymes and homogeneous catalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:3483-99. [PMID: 17612716 DOI: 10.1039/b703445h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fe-ZSM-5 and Fe-silicalite zeolites efficiently catalyse several oxidation reactions which find close analogues in the oxidation reactions catalyzed by homogeneous and enzymatic compounds. The iron centres are highly dispersed in the crystalline matrix and on highly diluted samples, mononuclear and dinuclear structures are expected to become predominant. The crystalline and robust character of the MFI framework has allowed to hypothesize that the catalytic sites are located in well defined crystallographic positions. For this reason these catalysts have been considered as the closest and best defined heterogeneous counterparts of heme and non heme iron complexes and of Fenton type Fe(2+) homogeneous counterparts. On this basis, an analogy with the methane monooxygenase has been advanced several times. In this review we have examined the abundant literature on the subject and summarized the most widely accepted views on the structure, nuclearity and catalytic activity of the iron species. By comparing the results obtained with the various characterization techniques, we conclude that Fe-ZSM-5 and Fe-silicalite are not the ideal samples conceived before and that many types of species are present, some active and some other silent from adsorptive and catalytic point of view. The relative concentration of these species changes with thermal treatments, preparation procedures and loading. Only at lowest loadings the catalytically active species become the dominant fraction of the iron species. On the basis of the spectroscopic titration of the active sites by using NO as a probe, we conclude that the active species on very diluted samples are isolated and highly coordinatively unsaturated Fe(2+) grafted to the crystalline matrix. Indication of the constant presence of a smaller fraction of Fe(2+) presumably located on small clusters is also obtained. The nitrosyl species formed upon dosing NO from the gas phase on activated Fe-ZSM-5 and Fe-silicalite, have been analyzed in detail and the similarities and differences with the cationic, heme and non heme homogeneous counterparts have been evidenced. The same has been done for the oxygen species formed by N(2)O decomposition on isolated sites, whose properties are more similar to those of the (FeO)(2+) in cationic complexes (included the [(H(2)O)(5)FeO](2+)"brown ring" complex active in Fenton reaction) than to those of ferryl groups in heme and non heme counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Zecchina
- Università di Torino, NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Fisica e dei Materiali, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy.
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39
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Stolyarova IV, Kovban’ IB, Prikhod’ko RV, Kushko AO, Sychev MV, Goncharuk VV. Relationship between the catalytic behavior of FeZSM-5 zeolites in oxidative degradation of dyes and the nature of their active centers. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427207050114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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41
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Improved Fe/Mg-Al hydrotalcite catalyst for Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of ketones with molecular oxygen and benzaldehyde. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Prikhod’ko RV, Astrelin IM, Sychev MV, Hensen EJM. Influence of preparation procedure on the surface chemistry and catalytic characteristics of FeZSM-5 zeolite in selective oxidation of benzene to phenol. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427206070147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu H, Lu G, Guo Y, Guo Y, Wang J. Synthesis of framework-substituted Fe-HMS and its catalytic performance for phenol hydroxylation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2006; 17:997-1003. [PMID: 21727372 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/4/026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The iron-incorporated mesoporous silica material Fe-HMS was successfully synthesized at ambient temperature by using dodecylamine as the template agent, and it was characterized by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, UV-vis, ESR and N(2) adsorption measurements. Its catalytic performance was studied for phenol hydroxylation with H(2)O(2) in a fixed-bed reactor. The results show that Fe(3+) ions have been successfully incorporated into the framework of HMS, and Fe-HMS has a uniform mesoporous structure with about 2.7 nm pore diameter. After Fe-HMS is calcined, most of the Fe(3+) ions remain in the tetrahedral coordinated framework, and only a small part of Fe species migrate to the extraframework. Fe-HMS has high catalytic activity and very high selectivity to dihydroxybenzene for the hydroxylation of phenol. Over the Fe-HMS catalyst, the product distribution of phenol hydroxylation is different from that over the microporous TS-1 zeolite. The solvents have great influence on the catalytic activity of Fe-HMS, and water is the best solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Lab for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China. College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
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Berlier G, Prestipino C, Rivallan M, Bordiga S, Lamberti C, Zecchina A. Behavior of Extraframework Fe Sites in MFI and MCM-22 Zeolites upon Interaction with N2O and NO. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:22377-85. [PMID: 16853915 DOI: 10.1021/jp052210+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report on the characterization of an isomorphously substituted Fe-MCM-22 sample containing both Fe and Al in framework positions (Si/Fe = 44, Si/Al = 25). XANES spectroscopy was used to study the evolution of Fe sites as a consequence of thermal activation at high temperature (1073 K) and subsequent oxidation with N2O. The results were compared to those obtained in the same conditions on a well-known Fe-silicalite sample (Si/Fe = 68, Si/Al = infinity). In both samples, thermal activation causes migration of a fraction of Fe ions from framework to extraframework positions, this migration being accompanied by a reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+. Upon oxidation with N2O at 523 K, the two samples show a different behavior. While in Fe-silicalite practically all of the Fe2+ sites formed by thermal activation are reoxidized to Fe3+, in Fe-MCM-22 only a fraction of the extraframework iron sites is involved in the reoxidation process. The accessibility of the extraframework Fe sites was also investigated by using the NO molecule as a surface probe. Upon NO dosage on the sample, the modification of the pre-edge peak and of the edge position suggests an important charge release from the extraframework Fe2+ ions to the adsorbed molecules. This could be formalized with the formation of Fe3+(NO-) complexes, compatible (on the basis of the simple molecular orbital theory) with a bent NO geometry. The formation of a complex family of Fe2+ mono-, di-, and trinitrosyl complexes was also confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. Similarly to what was observed in the oxidation experiments, the fraction of extraframework Fe sites able to interact with NO in Fe-MCM-22 sample is smaller than that in Fe-silicalite treated in the same conditions. This trend is explained with a major clustering of extraframework Fe sites in Fe-MCM-22 sample, as was also suggested by FTIR experiments. These results suggest that the dispersion of iron in zeolitic matrixes prepared by isomorphous substitution could also depend on the zeolitic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Berlier
- Department of Inorganic, Physical and Materials Chemistry, and INSTM Research Unity of Turin University, NIS Center of Excellence, University of Torino, via P. Giuria, 7 I-10125 Torino, Italy
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Wang X, Zhang Q, Yang S, Wang Y. Iron-Catalyzed Propylene Epoxidation by Nitrous Oxide: Studies on the Effects of Alkali Metal Salts. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:23500-8. [PMID: 16375324 DOI: 10.1021/jp054851a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
SBA-15-supported iron catalysts with and without alkali metal salt modifications were studied for propylene oxidation by nitrous oxide. The reaction route could be dramatically changed from allylic oxidation to epoxidation by modification of the FeOx/SBA-15 catalyst with alkali metal salts. The KCl-1 wt % FeOx/SBA-15 (K/Fe = 5) catalyst exhibited the best catalytic performances for propylene epoxidation, over which ca. 50% propylene oxide selectivity could be gained at a 10% propylene conversion at 648 K. Characterizations with diffuse reflectance UV-Vis, XANES, and Raman spectroscopic techniques revealed that the modification with KCl increased the dispersion of the iron species and changed the local coordination of iron into a tetrahedral configuration on the inner surface of SBA-15. This tetrahedrally coordinated iron site, which was probably stabilized by potassium ions, was proposed to account for the epoxidation of propylene by nitrous oxide. At the same time, the reactivity of lattice oxygen was inhibited, and the acidity of the FeOx/SBA-15 was eliminated. These changes should also contribute to the increase in the selectivity to propylene oxide. The counteranions in the alkali metal salts exerted a significant influence on the catalytic behaviors probably via an electronic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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New precursor for the post-synthesis preparation of Fe-ZSM-5 zeolites with low iron content. Catal Letters 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-005-6500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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47
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Kawabata T, Ohishi Y, Itsuki S, Fujisaki N, Shishido T, Takaki K, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Takehira K. Iron-containing MCM-41 catalysts for Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of ketones using molecular oxygen and benzaldehyde. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2005.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Calleja G, Melero JA, Martínez F, Molina R. Activity and resistance of iron-containing amorphous, zeolitic and mesostructured materials for wet peroxide oxidation of phenol. WATER RESEARCH 2005; 39:1741-50. [PMID: 15899272 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2005.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Revised: 02/03/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Iron-containing materials have been prepared following several strategies of synthesis and using different silica supports (amorphous, zeolitic and mesostructured materials). Activity and stability of these materials was evaluated on the wet peroxide oxidation of phenol under mild reaction conditions (100 degrees C, air pressure of 1MPa and stoichiometric amount of hydrogen peroxide for the complete mineralisation of phenol). Their catalytic performance was monitored in terms of phenol and total organic carbon (TOC) conversions, by-products distribution (aromatics compounds and carboxylic acids) and degree of metal leached into the aqueous solution. The nature and local environment of iron species is strongly dependent on the synthetic route, which dramatically influences their catalytic performance. Crystalline iron oxide species supported over mesostructured SBA-15 materials have demonstrated to be the most interesting catalysts for phenol degradation according to its high organic mineralisation, low sensitivity to leaching out and good oxidant efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Calleja
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Technology, ESCET, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Ko?ov� G, Ernst S, Hartmann M, ?ejka J. Incorporation of Aluminium and Iron into the Zeolite MCM-58. Eur J Inorg Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200400743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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50
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Decyk P, Trejda M, Ziolek M. Iron containing mesoporous solids: preparation, characterisation, and surface properties. CR CHIM 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2004.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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