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Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen that can cause severe invasive infections upon ingestion with contaminated food. Clinically, listerial disease, or listeriosis, most often presents as bacteremia, meningitis or meningoencephalitis, and pregnancy-associated infections manifesting as miscarriage or neonatal sepsis. Invasive listeriosis is life-threatening and a main cause of foodborne illness leading to hospital admissions in Western countries. Sources of contamination can be identified through international surveillance systems for foodborne bacteria and strains' genetic data sharing. Large-scale whole genome studies have increased our knowledge on the diversity and evolution of L. monocytogenes, while recent pathophysiological investigations have improved our mechanistic understanding of listeriosis. In this article, we present an overview of human listeriosis with particular focus on relevant features of the causative bacterium, epidemiology, risk groups, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel M Koopmans
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs C Brouwer
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - José A Vázquez-Boland
- Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School (Biomedical Sciences), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Diederik van de Beek
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes from Animal Foods to First- and Second-Line Drugs in the Treatment of Listeriosis from 2008 to 2021: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2022; 2022:1351983. [PMID: 36249588 PMCID: PMC9568363 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1351983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
First-line drugs for the treatment of listeriosis are the same around the world, but particular conditions might reduce their efficacy, including antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to verify, based on a systematic review and meta-analysis, whether the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Listeria monocytogenes from animal foods is higher for first- or second-line antimicrobials. From the total of 302 identified studies, 16 met all the eligibility criteria from 2008 to 2021 and were included in this meta-analysis. They comprised a dataset of 1152 L. monocytogenes isolates, obtained from different animal food products, food processing environment, and live animals. The included studies were developed in South America (n = 5), Europe (n = 4), Asia (n = 3), Africa (n = 2), and North America (n = 2), testing a total of 35 different antimicrobials, 11 of them classified as first-line drugs. Complete lack of antimicrobial resistance across the studies (all L. monocytogenes isolates tested as susceptible) was only observed for linezolid, while widespread antimicrobial resistance (all L. monocytogenes isolates tested resistant) was described for amoxicillin, benzylpenicillin, cefoxitin, fusidic acid, imipenem, sulfamethoxazole, and vancomycin. Overall, the meta-analysis results indicated no evidence that antimicrobial resistance in L. monocytogenes isolated from animal-based food is higher for first-line antimicrobials compared to second-line compounds (p=0.37). A greater volume of publication, together with better characterization of the isolates, is still needed for a more precise estimate of the real prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in L. monocytogenes.
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Ketamine used in the therapy of depressive disorders impacts protein profile, proliferation rate, and phagocytosis resistance of enterococci. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2022-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
A low concentration of ketamine is used to cause an anti-depressive effect. The mechanism of ketamine's action in depression is believed to result, among others, from its anti-inflammatory activity. Despite the fact that only high concentrations of ketamine inhibit bacterial growth, it is clear that even a sub-inhibitory concentration of chemicals may change bacterial properties. Considering the above, in the current study we aimed to evaluate the in vitro influence of ketamine on proliferation of enterococci and their interactions with monocytes.
Materials and Methods
The studied strains were isolated as etiological agents of infection at Medical University of Gdansk. The proliferation and metabolic activity were determined using the FACSVerse flow cytometer after addition of CFDA-SE to bacterial suspension. For the determination of phagocytosis resistance, THP-1 human monocytes cell line was used. Suspension of monocytes which engulfed CFDA-SE–stained bacteria was then stained with propidium iodide to evaluate cytotoxicity of enterococci.
Results
The result of the study showed unexpected response of bacterial cells to ketamine at an early stage of culture. In 57.7% of strains, both proliferation rate and metabolic activity were boosted. This group of strains was also less susceptible to phagocytosis than in culture without ketamine. Different response of isolates to ketamine was also visible in changes of proteins’ profile determined by MALDI-TOF.
Conclusions
The analysis of bacteria at an early stage in the growth curve demonstrated the bacterial diversity in response to ketamine and let us set the hypothesis that microbiome susceptibility to ketamine may be one of the elements which should be taken into consideration when planning the successful pharmacotherapy of depression
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Wang J, Liu S, Liu B, Niu X, Deng X. Luteolin Inhibits Listeriolysin O Translation by Directly Targeting the Coding Region of the hly mRNA. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1496. [PMID: 31312194 PMCID: PMC6614183 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeriolysin O (LLO) is necessary for bacterial escape from the phagosome into the cytoplasm, which suggests that targeting LLO may be an alternative strategy to combat Listeria monocytogenes-mediated infection. Here, luteolin, a natural compound without anti-bacterial activity, as indentified as effective inhibitor of LLO by translationally inhibiting the production of LLO. Additionally, luteolin-treated L. monocytogenes displayed reductions in cytoplasmic growth, cytotoxicity and phagosome escape within macrophages. Molecular modeling and mutational analysis revealed a direct interaction between luteolin and the 5′ coding region (A818, U819, G820, and U830 located in nt 814–849) of the mRNA of hly, the gene encoding LLO, which interfered with its translation. Together, our data demonstrate that luteolin may be used as a novel therapeutic and lead compound for treating L. monocytogenes infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shui Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodi Niu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Management of adult infectious encephalitis in metropolitan France. Med Mal Infect 2017; 47:206-220. [PMID: 28336304 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infectious encephalitis is a severe disease leading to a high mortality and morbidity. The most frequent causes include Herpes simplex virus, Varicella Zoster virus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Urgent treatment is required (anti-infective therapy and nonspecific supportive care). The aim of this study was to define treatment strategy, empirical and after microbiological documentation at 48hours, through a systematic literature review.
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Knudsen GM, Fromberg A, Ng Y, Gram L. Sublethal Concentrations of Antibiotics Cause Shift to Anaerobic Metabolism in Listeria monocytogenes and Induce Phenotypes Linked to Antibiotic Tolerance. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1091. [PMID: 27462313 PMCID: PMC4940397 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The human pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is exposed to antibiotics both during clinical treatment and in its saprophytic lifestyle. As one of the keys to successful treatment is continued antibiotic sensitivity, the purpose of this study was to determine if exposure to sublethal antibiotic concentrations would affect the bacterial physiology and induce antibiotic tolerance. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that each of the four antibiotics tested caused an antibiotic-specific gene expression pattern related to mode-of-action of the particular antibiotic. All four antibiotics caused the same changes in expression of several metabolic genes indicating a shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism and higher ethanol production. A mutant in the bifunctional acetaldehyde-CoA/alcohol dehydrogenase encoded by lmo1634 did not have altered antibiotic tolerance. However, a mutant in lmo1179 (eutE) encoding an aldehyde oxidoreductase where rerouting caused increased ethanol production was tolerant to three of four antibiotics tested. This shift in metabolism could be a survival strategy in response to antibiotics to avoid generation of ROS production from respiration by oxidation of NADH through ethanol production. The monocin locus encoding a cryptic prophage was induced by co-trimoxazole and repressed by ampicillin and gentamicin, and this correlated with an observed antibiotic-dependent biofilm formation. A monocin mutant (ΔlmaDCBA) had increased biofilm formation when exposed to increasing concentration of co-trimoxazole similar to the wild type, but was more tolerant to killing by co-trimoxazole and ampicillin. Thus, sublethal concentrations of antibiotics caused metabolic and physiological changes indicating that the organism is preparing to withstand lethal antibiotic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitte M Knudsen
- Department of Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Arvid Fromberg
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark Søborg, Denmark
| | - Yin Ng
- Department of Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lone Gram
- Department of Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Deris JB, Kim M, Zhang Z, Okano H, Hermsen R, Groisman A, Hwa T. The innate growth bistability and fitness landscapes of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Science 2013; 342:1237435. [PMID: 24288338 DOI: 10.1126/science.1237435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
To predict the emergence of antibiotic resistance, quantitative relations must be established between the fitness of drug-resistant organisms and the molecular mechanisms conferring resistance. These relations are often unknown and may depend on the state of bacterial growth. To bridge this gap, we have investigated Escherichia coli strains expressing resistance to translation-inhibiting antibiotics. We show that resistance expression and drug inhibition are linked in a positive feedback loop arising from an innate, global effect of drug-inhibited growth on gene expression. A quantitative model of bacterial growth based on this innate feedback accurately predicts the rich phenomena observed: a plateau-shaped fitness landscape, with an abrupt drop in the growth rates of cultures at a threshold drug concentration, and the coexistence of growing and nongrowing populations, that is, growth bistability, below the threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barrett Deris
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0374, USA
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Knudsen G, Holch A, Gram L. Subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics affect stress and virulence gene expression inListeria monocytogenesand cause enhanced stress sensitivity but do not affect Caco-2 cell invasion. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:1273-86. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05435.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G.M. Knudsen
- National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Kongens Lyngby; Denmark
| | - A. Holch
- National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Kongens Lyngby; Denmark
| | - L. Gram
- National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Kongens Lyngby; Denmark
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Domann E, Deckert M, Schlüter D, Chakraborty T. Listeria monocytogenes: a model system to study invasion and spread of bacteria in the central nervous system. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2002; 265:213-26. [PMID: 12014191 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-09525-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Domann
- Abteilung für Neuropathologie, Universität zu Köln, Joseph-Stetzmann-Strasse 9, 50331 Köln
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Lück PC, Schmitt JW, Hengerer A, Helbig JH. Subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents reduce the uptake of Legionella pneumophila into Acanthamoeba castellanii and U937 cells by altering the expression of virulence-associated antigens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42:2870-6. [PMID: 9797218 PMCID: PMC105958 DOI: 10.1128/aac.42.11.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/1998] [Accepted: 09/08/1998] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the MICs of ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, imipenem, and rifampin for two clinical isolates of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay and by quantitative culture. To test the influence of subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antimicrobial agents on Legionella uptake into Acanthamoeba castellanii and U937 macrophage-like cells, both strains were pretreated with 0.25 MICs of the antibiotics for 24 h. In comparison to that for the untreated control, subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics significantly reduced Legionella uptake into the host cells. Measurement of the binding of monoclonal antibodies against several Legionella antigens by enzyme-linked immunoassays indicated that sub-MIC antibiotic treatment reduced the expression of the macrophage infectivity potentiator protein (Mip), the Hsp 60 protein, the outer membrane protein (OmpM), an as-yet-uncharacterized protein of 55 kDa, and a few lipopolysaccharide (LPS) epitopes. In contrast, the expression of some LPS epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies 8/5 and 30/4 as well as a 45-kDa protein, a 58-kDa protein, and the major outer membrane protein (OmpS) remained unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Lück
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum, TU Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
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Nichterlein T, Domann E, Bauer M, Hlawatsch A, Kretschmar M, Chakraborty T, Hof H. Subinhibitory concentrations of gentamicin reduce production of listeriolysin, the main virulence factor of Listeria monocytogenes. Clin Microbiol Infect 1997; 3:270-272. [PMID: 11864119 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.1997.tb00612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nichterlein
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Hostacká A, Karelová E. Hydrophobicity and outer membrane proteins of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 after treatment with subinhibitory concentrations of aminoglycosides. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 1997; 42:565-8. [PMID: 9438357 DOI: 10.1007/bf02815466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobicity and profiles of outer membrane proteins of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 after treatment with subinhibitory concentrations (1/2 or 1/4 of the MIC) of aminoglycosides were studied. The antimicrobial activity of the antibiotics tested was 3.12 mg/L (amikacin, tobramycin) and 6.25 mg/L (gentamicin). The hydrophobicity of the cell surface of S. dysenteriae type 1 was decreased after exposure to all aminoglycosides at a concentration of 1/2 of the MICs; 1/4 of the MICs of the antibiotics did not affect bacterial aggregation in the presence of ammonium sulfate. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the profiles of outer membrane proteins of the strain treated with aminoglycosides at both subinhibitory concentrations were not changed as compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hostacká
- Institute of Preventive and Clinical Medicine, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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