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Verma NK, Raghav N. Comparative study of covalent and hydrophobic interactions for α-amylase immobilization on cellulose derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 174:134-143. [PMID: 33428958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Indispensability of enzymes in living systems, their unique characteristics and simultaneous focus on development of greener methods have led to substitution of various chemical reactions by enzyme catalyzed reactions. One of the aspects in enzyme research is immobilization of enzymes. Immobilization provides a platform for reusability of significant enzymes. Varieties of methods have been explored for enzyme immobilization such as entrapment, adsorption, ionic interactions etc. Keeping in view the industrial utility of α-Amylase in leather, paper and other industries related to starch hydrolysis, we immobilized α-Amylase on cellulose isolated from banana peel. In present study, two different methods of immobilization - covalent bonding (Cellulose Dialdehyde as a support) and hydrophobic interactions (Nano Cellulose- Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide) were used. Cellulose obtained from bio-waste has been characterized using Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD). In this comparative study, Cellulose Dialdehyde (CDA) immobilized enzyme depicts high reusability, good enzyme loading, storage capacity up to 49 days, optimum pH 6, optimum temperature 95 °C, good pH and thermal stability as compared to native enzyme having optimum pH and temperature of 7 and 37 °C. On the contrary, nanocellulose - Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (NC-CTAB) matrix shows good enzyme loading and optimum pH shift of about 3 units but poor recyclability. Outcome of this study presents the promising nature of covalent mode of immobilization for industrial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kumar Verma
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Neera Raghav
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India.
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Jáčová J, Jořenek M, Pospíšková K, Najdekr L, Zajoncová L, Friedecký D, Adam T. Urease-immobilized magnetic microparticles in urine sample preparation for metabolomic analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1605:360355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mahmoud KA, Lam E, Hrapovic S, Luong JHT. Preparation of well-dispersed gold/magnetite nanoparticles embedded on cellulose nanocrystals for efficient immobilization of papain enzyme. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:4978-4985. [PMID: 23676842 DOI: 10.1021/am4007534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A nanocomposite consisting of magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was used as a magnetic support for the covalent conjugation of papain and facilitated recovery of this immobilized enzyme. Fe3O4NPs (10-20 nm in diameter) and AuNPs (3-7 nm in diameter) were stable and well-dispersed on the CNC surface. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate the surface composition and structure of CNC/Fe3O4NPs/AuNPs. The nanocomposite was successfully used for the immobilization and separation of papain from the reaction mixture. The optimal enzyme loading was 186 mg protein/g CNC/Fe3O4NPs/AuNPs, significantly higher than the value reported in the literature. The activity of immobilized papain was studied by electrochemical detection of its specific binding to the Thc-Fca-Gly-Gly-Tyr-Arg inhibitory sequence bound to an Au electrode. The immobilized enzyme retained 95% of its initial activity after 35 days of storage at 4 °C, compared to 41% for its free form counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled A Mahmoud
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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Abstract
This article surveys methods for the enzymatic conversion of starch, involving hydrolases and nonhydrolyzing enzymes, as well as the role of microorganisms producing such enzymes. The sources of the most common enzymes are listed. These starch conversions are also presented in relation to their applications in the food, pharmaceutical, pulp, textile, and other branches of industry. Some sections are devoted to the fermentation of starch to ethanol and other products, and to the production of cyclodextrins, along with the properties of these products. Light is also shed on the enzymes involved in the digestion of starch in human and animal organisms. Enzymatic processes acting on starch are useful in structural studies of the substrates and in understanding the characteristics of digesting enzymes. One section presents the application of enzymes to these problems. The information that is included covers the period from the early 19th century up to 2009.
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Netto CG, Toma HE, Andrade LH. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles as versatile carriers and supporting materials for enzymes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Samra ZQ, Dar N, Athar MA. BIOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN β-MANNOSIDASE IMMOBILIZED ONTO MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES FOR BIOPROCESS. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 42:97-112. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2011.575910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kumari A, Kayastha AM. Immobilization of soybean (Glycine max) α-amylase onto Chitosan and Amberlite MB-150 beads: Optimization and characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hirsh SL, Nosworthy NJ, Kondyurin A, dos Remedios CG, McKenzie DR, Bilek MMM. Linker-free covalent thermophilic β-glucosidase functionalized polymeric surfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm13376d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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WU MINGCHANG, LIN JENSHINN, KUO SHOTIN, LIN YEONGSHENN. PURIFICATION OF AMYLASE FROM TILAPIA BY MAGNETIC PARTICLE. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2009.00437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hristov J. Magnetic field assisted fluidization – a unified approach. Part 8. Mass transfer: magnetically assisted bioprocesses. REV CHEM ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1515/revce.2010.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lo HF, Hu HY, Hung CP, Chen SC, Lin LL. Cobalt-chelated magnetic particles for one-step purification and immobilization of His6-taggedEscherichia coliγ-glutamyltranspeptidase. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10242420903219167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hong J, Huang J, Liu S, Yu J, Luo S. Stability and activity of chymotrypsin immobilized on magnetic nanogels covered with carboxyl groups. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sohn OJ, Kim CK, Rhee JI. Immobilization of glucose oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase onto magnetic nanoparticles for bioprocess monitoring system. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-008-0096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Horák D, Babic M, Macková H, Benes MJ. Preparation and properties of magnetic nano- and microsized particles for biological and environmental separations. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:1751-72. [PMID: 17623453 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents a critical overview on magnetic nanoparticles and microspheres used as separation media in different fields of chemistry, biochemistry, biology, and environment protection. The preparation of most widely used magnetic iron oxides in appropriate form, their coating or encapsulation in polymer microspheres, and functionalization is discussed in the first part. In the second part, new developments in the main application areas of magnetic composite particles for separation and catalytical purposes are briefly described. They cover separations and isolations of toxic inorganic and organic ions, proteins, and other biopolymers, cells, and microorganisms. Only selected number of relevant papers could be included due to the restricted extent of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Biosensors and Bio-Bar Code Assays Based on Biofunctionalized Magnetic Microbeads. SENSORS 2007. [DOI: 10.3390/s7040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hasirci N, Aksoy S, Tumturk H. Activation of poly(dimer acid-co-alkyl polyamine) particles for covalent immobilization of α-amylase. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mandal M, Kundu S, Ghosh SK, Panigrahi S, Sau TK, Yusuf SM, Pal T. Magnetite nanoparticles with tunable gold or silver shell. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 286:187-94. [PMID: 15848416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2004] [Accepted: 01/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fe3O4 nanoparticles with size approximately 13 nm have been prepared successfully in aqueous micellar medium at approximately 80 degrees C. To make Fe3O4 nanoparticles resistant to surface poisoning a new route is developed for coating Fe3O4 nanoparticles with noble metals such as gold or silver as shell. The shell thickness of the core-shell particles becomes tunable through the adjustment of the ratio of the constituents. Thus, the route yields well-defined core-shell structures of size from 18 to 30 nm with varying proportion of Fe3O4 to the noble metal precursor salts. These magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Raman and temperature-dependent magnetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Ertan F, Yagar H, Balkan B. Some Properties of Free and Immobilized α‐Amylase fromPenicillium griseofulvumby Solid State Fermentation. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2006; 36:81-91. [PMID: 16428140 DOI: 10.1080/10826060500388553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-amylase was produced from Penicillium griseofulvum by an SSF technique. Alpha-amylase was immobilized on Celite by an adsorption method. Various parameters, such as effect of pH and temperature, substrate concentration, operational and storage stability, ability to hydrolyze starch and products of hydrolysis were investigated; these findings were compared with the free enzyme. The activity yield of immobilization was 87.6%. The optimum pH and temperature for both enzymes were 5.5 degrees C and 40 degrees C, respectively. The thermal, and the operational and storage stabilities of immobilized enzyme were better than that of the free enzyme. Km and Vmax were calculated from Lineweaver-Burk plots for both enzymes. Km values were 9.1 mg mL(-1) for free enzyme, and 7.1 mg mL(-1) for immobilized enzyme. The Vmax of the immobilized enzyme was approximately 40% smaller than that of the free enzyme. The hydrolysis ability of the free and immobilized enzyme were determined as 99.3% and 97.9%, respectively. Hydrolysis products of the a-amylase from P. griseofulvum were maltose, unidentified oligosaccharides, and glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Ertan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
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Kang S, Miao GX, Shi S, Jia Z, Nikles DE, Harrell JW. Enhanced Magnetic Properties of Self-Assembled FePt Nanoparticles with MnO Shell. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:1042-3. [PMID: 16433497 DOI: 10.1021/ja057343n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled FePt/MnO nanoparticles with different morphology and size were synthesized with a polyol process. With the MnO coating, FePt nanoparticles exhibit a high blocking temperature and magnetic moment. The low-temperature hysteresis loop of FePt nanoparticles can be shifted through the AFM pinning of the MnO shell. The aggregation of FePt nanoparticles during the L10 phase transformation can be significantly decreased by coating with the MnO shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishou Kang
- Center for Materials for Information Technology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 35487-0209, USA.
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Performance of immobilized pectinex ultra SP-L on magnetic duolite-polystyrene composite particles. Part II: A magnetic fluidized bed reactor study. J FOOD ENG 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lei H, Wang W, Chen LL, Li XC, Yi B, Deng L. The preparation and catalytically active characterization of papain immobilized on magnetic composite microspheres. Enzyme Microb Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2004.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Demirel D, Özdural AR, Mutlu M. Preparation and characterization of magnetic duolite–polystyrene composite particles for enzyme immobilization. J FOOD ENG 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0260-8774(03)00225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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