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Sangilimuthu AY, Sivaraman T, Chandrasekaran R, Sundaram KM, Ekambaram G. Screening chemical inhibitors for alpha-amylase from leaves extracts of Murraya koenigii (Linn.) and Aegle marmelos L. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 18:51-57. [PMID: 32745070 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aqueous leaves extracts of Murraya koenigii (M. koenigii) and Aegle marmelos (A. marmelos) were prepared and effect of the extracts on inhibiting alpha-amylase playing essential roles on converting starch into glucose have been examined using in vitro assays. METHODS Alpha amylase inhibitory assay was used to asses the in vitro antidiabetic activity of the extracts. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to identify the volatile molecules of the extracts. Identified molecule were converted as ligand and docked against human pancreatic α-amylase (0.95 Å; PDB ID: 5U3A) using Autodock tool. RESULTS The data analyzes suggested that the alpha-amylase inhibition potential of the extract obtained from M. koenigii was stronger than that of the A. marmelos at low concentrations (<1 mg/mL), whereas both the extracts depicted similar inhibition effects on the enzyme at high concentration (>1 mg/mL). The phytochemicals present in both the plant extracts were identified by using their respective GC-MS data and the data analyzes revealed that the extracts of M. koenigii and A. Marmelos seemed to consist of about 20 and 24 diverse chemical molecules, respectively. Through the molecular docking studies, azulene of M. koenigii and hydroxycyclodecadiene of A. marmelos showed higher binding affinity on alpha-amylase. CONCLUSIONS Concentration-dependent alpha-amylase inhibition effects of the extracts were observed and M. koenigii contains more alpha-amylase inhibitory effects due to the presence of azulene. This is primary lead to find out the better anti diabetic natural based drug to the society after clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gayathiri Ekambaram
- Department of Plant Biology & Plant Biotechnology, Guru Nanak College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang Y, Gu D, He S, Meng J, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Tian J, Yang Y. Enzyme reaction-guided identification of active components from the flowers of Sophora japonica var. violacea. Food Funct 2020; 11:4356-4362. [PMID: 32369095 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00625d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The flower of S. japonica is a favorite food and used as traditional medicine. In the present study, a facile and effective method based on the changes in the composition before and after the enzyme reaction was established to screen the active compounds from complex natural products. The separation of an active compound from the ethanolic extracts of Sophora japonica var. violacea, which exhibited the α-amylase inhibitory activity is presented as an example. The analysis of HPLC showed that one component was reduced by 25% after the enzyme reaction. The potential active compound was isolated via LH-20 gel permeation chromatography and identified as kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-galactopyranosyl-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside by 1H and 13C NMR. The in vitro test indicated that the compound had the α-amylase inhibitory activity, and the IC50 was 88.56 ± 0.60 μg mL-1. The molecular docking study of this compound showed that the compound enfolded in the active sites of α-amylase completely and interacted with the amino acid residues through hydrogen bonds, van der Waals force and hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunci Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, 1 Qinggongyuan, Dalian 116034, China.
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Lakshmana Senthil S, Vinoth Kumar T, Geetharamani D, Suja G, Yesudas R, Chacko A. Fucoidan - An α-amylase inhibitor from Sargassum wightii with relevance to NIDDM. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:644-7. [PMID: 26325676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to screen the α-amylase inhibitory activity of fucoidan extracted from Sargassum wightii collected at the coastal area of Mandapam, Tamil Nadu, India. Fucoidan was extracted from the sporophyll of S. Wightii by ethanol and CaCl2 precipitation method. The average yield was 1.8±0.16% and the extracted fucoidan was found to contain 53±0.52% of fucose and 36±0.60% of sulphate. Structural elucidation (FT-IR and NMR) and in vitro α-amylase activity of purified fucoidon were performed. Fucoidan at the concentration of 62.5, 125 and 250μg exhibited 24.81, 62.50 and 99.24% inhibition against α-amylase, respectively, in a dose dependent manner. Fucoidan from S. wightii also inhibits α-glucosidase which clearly indicates dual inhibitory activity of the compound. The IC50 value against α-amylase of fucoidan is found to be 103.83μg which is more effective than that of acarbose (16mg).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lakshmana Senthil
- CMS College of Science and Commerce, Chinnavedampati (PO), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Vinoth Kumar
- CMS College of Science and Commerce, Chinnavedampati (PO), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - D Geetharamani
- Dr. N.G.P. College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Suja
- CMS College of Science and Commerce, Chinnavedampati (PO), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rincy Yesudas
- CMS College of Science and Commerce, Chinnavedampati (PO), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amrutha Chacko
- CMS College of Science and Commerce, Chinnavedampati (PO), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Guo T, Wu S, Guo S, Bai L, Liu Q, Bai N. Synthesis and Evaluation of a Series of Oleanolic Acid Saponins as α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2015. [PMID: 26207761 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen naturally occurring oleanolic acid saponins and their derivatives were synthesized in an efficient and practical strategy, and their inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and α-amylase were evaluated in vitro. Among all the compounds, 28-O-monoglucoside 8 exhibited remarkably potent inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 87.3 µM, which was fivefold stronger than that of the antidiabetic acarbose. Based on the preliminary structure-activity relationships, for 28-O-monoglucosides, the presence of a terminal α-l-rhamnopyranosyl residue enhanced the α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities. Furthermore, for 3,28-O-bidesmosides, sugar-substituted moieties attached to the C-3 and C-28 positions of the oleanolic acid scaffold are helpful to increase the inhibitory activities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shaoping Wu
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University, Paris, France
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Qingchao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Naisheng Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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Hamid H, Yusoff M, Liu M, Karim M. α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory constituents of Tinospora crispa: Isolation and chemical profile confirmation by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Kim KT, Rioux LE, Turgeon SL. Alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibition is differentially modulated by fucoidan obtained from Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 98:27-33. [PMID: 24388677 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a water-soluble, negatively charged, biologically active polysaccharide found in great abundance in brown marine algae. However, the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase by fucoidan derived from two algal species (Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus) harvested at different periods (accounting for seasonal and yearly variations) has never been investigated. It was found that fucoidans inhibited α-glucosidase differently, depending on the algal species from which it was extracted and the algae's season of harvest. Fucoidan extracted from A. nodosum was a more potent inhibitor of α-glucosidase, with an IC50 ranging from 0.013 to 0.047 mg/mL, than the inhibition by fucoidan extracted from F. vesiculosus (IC50=0.049 mg/mL). In contrast, fucoidan extracted from F. vesiculosus did not inhibit α-amylase activity, while fucoidan from A. nodosum decreased α-amylase activity by 7-100% at 5 mg/mL depending upon the algae harvest period. An IC50 of 0.12-4.64 mg/mL for fucoidan from A. nodosum was found for the α-amylase inhibition. The ability of fucoidan to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase thus varies according to the algae species and harvest period. A. nodosum is more suitable than F. vesiculosus as a source of fucoidan to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Their potential benefits towards Type 2 diabetes management should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Tae Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, Laval University, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, Quebec City, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Laurie-Eve Rioux
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, Laval University, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, Quebec City, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvie L Turgeon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, Laval University, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, Quebec City, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Lindén T, Hahn-Hägerdal B. Activity and stability of xylose isomerase preparations from whole cells of Lactobacillus brevis in spent sulfite liquor. Enzyme Microb Technol 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(93)90158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Py B, Chippaux M, Barras F. Mutagenesis of cellulase EGZ for studying the general protein secretory pathway in Erwinia chrysanthemi. Mol Microbiol 1993; 7:785-93. [PMID: 8469118 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular secretion of endoglucanase Z (EGZ) from Erwinia chrysanthemi is mediated by the so-called Out general secretion pathway and, presumably, involves recognition of EGZ-carried structural information by one or more of the Out proteins. Investigating the relationships between structure and secretability of EGZ was the purpose of the present work. EGZ is made of two independent domains, located at the N- and C-proximal sides, separated by a Ser/Thr-rich region, which are responsible for catalysis and cellulose-binding, respectively. The existence of a secretion region ('targeting signal') was investigated by studying the secretability of modified EGZ derivatives. These resulted from deletion or peptide insertion and were designed by using the domain organization cited above as a guide. Catalytic and/or cellulose-binding tests showed that all proteins exhibited at least a functional EGZ domain while immunoblot analyses confirmed that neither the insertions nor the deletions led to grossly misfolded proteins. In contrast, all of the proteins lost their secretability in E. chrysanthemi. This suggested that at least two secretion motifs existed, one lying within each functional domain. The role of the Ser/Thr-rich linker region was subsequently tested. Accordingly, two proteins containing a linker region whose length was increased by the addition of 8 and 18 additional residues and one protein lacking the linker region were studied. All three exhibited endoglucanase activity and cellulose-binding ability, confirming the independence of the domains within the context of EGZ/polysaccharide interaction. In contrast, none was secreted by E. chrysanthemi.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- B Py
- LCB-CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, Marseille, France
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