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Claeyssen C, Bulangalire N, Bastide B, Agbulut O, Cieniewski-Bernard C. Desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin: How post-translational modifications modulate their functions in heart and skeletal muscles? Biochimie 2024; 216:137-159. [PMID: 37827485 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of the highly organized striated muscle tissue requires a cell-wide dynamic network through protein-protein interactions providing an effective mechanochemical integrator of morphology and function. Through a continuous and complex trans-cytoplasmic network, desmin intermediate filaments ensure this essential role in heart and in skeletal muscle. Besides their role in the maintenance of cell shape and architecture (permitting contractile activity efficiency and conferring resistance towards mechanical stress), desmin intermediate filaments are also key actors of cell and tissue homeostasis. Desmin participates to several cellular processes such as differentiation, apoptosis, intracellular signalisation, mechanotransduction, vesicle trafficking, organelle biogenesis and/or positioning, calcium homeostasis, protein homeostasis, cell adhesion, metabolism and gene expression. Desmin intermediate filaments assembly requires αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein. Over its chaperone activity, αB-crystallin is involved in several cellular functions such as cell integrity, cytoskeleton stabilization, apoptosis, autophagy, differentiation, mitochondria function or aggresome formation. Importantly, both proteins are known to be strongly associated to the aetiology of several cardiac and skeletal muscles pathologies related to desmin filaments disorganization and a strong disturbance of desmin interactome. Note that these key proteins of cytoskeleton architecture are extensively modified by post-translational modifications that could affect their functional properties. Therefore, we reviewed in the herein paper the impact of post-translational modifications on the modulation of cellular functions of desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Claeyssen
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nathan Bulangalire
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France; Université de Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Bastide
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France.
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2
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Joanne P, Chourbagi O, Agbulut O. [Desmin filaments and their disorganization associated with myofibrillar myopathies]. Biol Aujourdhui 2011; 205:163-77. [PMID: 21982405 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2011016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Desmin, the muscle-specific intermediate filament protein, is one of the earliest markers expressed in all muscle tissues during development. It forms a three-dimensional scaffold around the myofibril Z-disc and connects the entire contractile apparatus to the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton, the nuclei and other cytoplasmic organelles. Desmin is essential for tensile strength and muscle integrity. In humans, disorganization of the desmin network is associated with cardiac and/or skeletal myopathies characterized by accumulation of desmin-containing aggregates in the cells. Currently, 49 mutations have been identified in desmin gene. The majority of these mutations alter desmin filament assembly process through different molecular mechanisms and also its interaction with its protein partners. Here, we will give an overview of desmin network organization as well as the impact of desmin mutations on this process. Furthermore, we will discuss the different molecular mechanisms implicated in perturbation of the desmin filament assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Joanne
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
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3
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Abstract
Protein aggregate myopathies (PAMs) based on the morphologic phenomenon of aggregation of proteins within muscle fibers may occur in children (selenoproteinopathies, actinopathies, and myosinopathies) or adults (certain myofibrillar myopathies and myosinopathies). They may be mutation related, which includes virtually all childhood forms but certain other forms as well, or sporadic, which are largely seen in adults. Their classification as myofibrillar or desmin-related myopathies, actinopathies, or myosinopathies is based on the identification of respective mutant proteins, most of them components of the sarcomeres. Recognition of PAM requires muscle biopsy and an extensive immunohistochemical and electron microscopic workup of the biopsied muscle tissue after which molecular analysis of morphologically ascertained proteins should ensue to permit recognition of individual entities and genetic counseling of patients and families. Because pathogenetic principles in PAMs are still incompletely known, causative therapy, at this time, is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans H Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. neuropatho.klinik.uni-mainz.de
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4
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Abstract
The introduction and application of molecular techniques have commenced to influence and alter the nosology of congenital myopathies. Long-known entities such as nemaline myopathies, core diseases, and desmin-related myopathies have now been found to be caused by unequivocal mutations. Several of these mutations and their genes have been identified by analyzing aggregates of proteins within muscle fibers as a morphological hallmark as in desminopathy and actinopathy, the latter a subtype among the nemaline myopathies. Immunohistochemistry has played a crucial role in recognizing this new group of protein aggregate myopathies within the spectrum of congenital myopathies. It is to be expected that other congenital myopathies marked by inclusion bodies may turn out to be such protein aggregate myopathies, depending on analysis of individual proteins within these protein aggregates and their association with putative gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans H Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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5
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Fagiolari G, Sciacco M, Chiveri L, Lamperti C, Comi GP, Scarlato G, Moggio M, Prelle A. Lack of apoptosis in patients with progressive external ophthalmoplegia and mutated adenine nucleotide translocator-1 gene. Muscle Nerve 2002; 26:265-9. [PMID: 12210391 DOI: 10.1002/mus.10172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenine nucleotide translocator-1 (ANT-1), encoded by chromosome 4 (4q34-35 locus), is a component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pores that are involved in apoptotic mechanisms. We studied muscle biopsies from seven individuals with autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia caused by ANT-1 mutations. We found no instance of terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positivity nor significant expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, there was no morphological evidence of apoptosis at the ultrastructural level. Thus, degeneration of muscle in this disorder is nonapoptotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigliola Fagiolari
- Centro Dino Ferrari, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Milan, Ospedale Maggiore, Policlinico IRCCS, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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6
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Abstract
The protein surplus myopathies have emerged as a newly recognized subgroup of morphologically defined myopathies within the spectrum of congenital myopathies because of the accumulation of protein aggregates, some of them mutant proteins. Currently, nosologic, including molecular criteria include desmin-related myopathies, actinopathies, and hereditary inclusion body myopathies, whereas hyaline body myopathy is still a putative form of protein surplus myopathy because of lack of any molecular data. The congenital myopathies (CM), foremost including nemaline and myotubular myopathies, have given evidence that, despite their epidemiologic rarity, the molecular age has dawned in CM and has even revealed surprising new nosologic features requiring reassessment and reclassification of certain CM. It is to be expected that a recently updated ENMC Consortium on "Protein surplus and other congenital myopathies" may procure important new information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans H Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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7
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Sironi M, Bardoni A, Felisari G, Cagliani R, Robotti M, Comi GP, Moggio M, Bresolin N. Transcriptional activation of the non-muscle, full-length dystrophin isoforms in Duchenne muscular dystrophy skeletal muscle. J Neurol Sci 2001; 186:51-7. [PMID: 11412872 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(01)00502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite promoter tissue specificity, up-regulation of the brain and Purkinje cell type dystrophin isoforms was described in skeletal muscle of X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy (XLDCM) and BMD affected individuals. An extended population of 11 Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and 11 Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) patients was investigated to determine whether ectopic muscle expression of the two full-length non-muscular isoforms is a common event in dystrophinopathies and if it has functional significance. Up-regulation of the two non-muscle-specific isoforms was detected in four DMD patients but in none of the BMD affected individuals or non-dystrophic controls. This is the first report of an expression of these two isoforms in DMD skeletal muscle. Ectopic expression is not confined to regenerating or revertant fibers and does not correlate with age at biopsy, clinical phenotype, cardiac involvement, deletion size or location. We consider that muscle ectopic expression of the brain and Purkinje cell-type isoforms has no favorable prognostic significance in DMD and BMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sironi
- IRCCS E. Medea, Associazione La Nostra Famiglia, Via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842 Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy.
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8
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Torrente Y, Tremblay JP, Pisati F, Belicchi M, Rossi B, Sironi M, Fortunato F, El Fahime M, D'Angelo MG, Caron NJ, Constantin G, Paulin D, Scarlato G, Bresolin N. Intraarterial injection of muscle-derived CD34(+)Sca-1(+) stem cells restores dystrophin in mdx mice. J Cell Biol 2001; 152:335-48. [PMID: 11266450 PMCID: PMC2199616 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.152.2.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a lethal recessive disease characterized by widespread muscle damage throughout the body. This increases the difficulty of cell or gene therapy based on direct injections into muscles. One way to circumvent this obstacle would be to use circulating cells capable of homing to the sites of lesions. Here, we showed that stem cell antigen 1 (Sca-1), CD34 double-positive cells purified from the muscle tissues of newborn mice are multipotent in vitro and can undergo both myogenic and multimyeloid differentiation. These muscle-derived stem cells were isolated from newborn mice expressing the LacZ gene under the control of the muscle-specific desmin or troponin I promoter and injected into arterial circulation of the hindlimb of mdx mice. The ability of these cells to interact and firmly adhere to endothelium in mdx muscles microcirculation was demonstrated by intravital microscopy after an intraarterial injection. Donor Sca-1, CD34 muscle-derived stem cells were able to migrate from the circulation into host muscle tissues. Histochemical analysis showed colocalization of LacZ and dystrophin expression in all muscles of the injected hindlimb in all of five out of five 8-wk-old treated mdx mice. Their participation in the formation of muscle fibers was significantly increased by muscle damage done 48 h after their intraarterial injection, as indicated by the presence of 12% beta-galactosidase-positive fibers in muscle cross sections. Normal dystrophin transcripts detected enzymes in the muscles of the hind limb injected intraarterially by the mdx reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method, which differentiates between normal and mdx message. Our results showed that the muscle-derived stem cells first attach to the capillaries of the muscles and then participate in regeneration after muscle damage.
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MESH Headings
- Actins/analysis
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Antigens, CD34/analysis
- Antigens, Ly/analysis
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Line
- Cell Transplantation/methods
- Dystrophin/analysis
- Dystrophin/genetics
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Genetic Therapy
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/physiology
- Hindlimb
- Immunophenotyping
- Injections, Intra-Arterial
- Membrane Proteins/analysis
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microcirculation/physiology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/physiology
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/therapy
- Myosins/analysis
- Transcription, Genetic
- beta-Galactosidase/analysis
- beta-Galactosidase/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Torrente
- Instituto de Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Associazione Amici Centro Dino Ferrari, Institute of Clinical Neurology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacques-P Tremblay
- Laval University, Unité de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier of Laval University, Ste-Foy, G1K 7P4 Quebec, Canada
| | - Federica Pisati
- Instituto de Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Belicchi
- Instituto de Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- University of Verona, Anatomia Patologica, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Franco Fortunato
- Instituto de Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mostafa El Fahime
- Laval University, Unité de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier of Laval University, Ste-Foy, G1K 7P4 Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Nicolas J. Caron
- Laval University, Unité de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier of Laval University, Ste-Foy, G1K 7P4 Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Denise Paulin
- University of Paris 7, Case 7136, 75251 Paris, France
| | - Guglielmo Scarlato
- Instituto de Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Eugenio Medea, 20038 Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Instituto de Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Eugenio Medea, 20038 Bosisio Parini, Italy
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9
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Abstract
Desmin-related myopathies are sporadic and familial neuromuscular conditions of considerable clinical heterogeneity uniformly marked by the pathologic accretion of desmin, often in a filamentous fashion. A large variety of other proteins, some of them cytoskeletal, also accrue. Morphologically, two types may be distinguished, one characterized by inclusions such as cytoplasmic and spheroid bodies or desmin-dystrophin plaques and another marked by granulofilamentous material. The genetic spectrum of desmin-related myopathies is quite diverse in that missense mutations and deletions in the desmin gene and a missense mutation in the alpha-B crystallin gene have been detected and several genes on other chromosomes have been mapped; the encoded protein products of these genes, however, are unknown. Accumulation of desmin and other proteins appears to be due to impaired nonlysosomal proteolysis. Mutant desmin that appears to be hyperphosphorylated seems to act as a seed protein for filament aggregation, inducing formation of inclusions and granulofilamentous material in these conditions. This condition is part of the group of disorders known as "surplus protein myopathies."
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
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10
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11
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Torrente Y, D'Angelo MG, Del Bo R, DeLiso A, Casati R, Benti R, Corti S, Comi GP, Gerundini P, Anichini A, Scarlato G, Bresolin N. Extracorporeal circulation as a new experimental pathway for myoblast implantation in mdx mice. Cell Transplant 1999; 8:247-58. [PMID: 10442737 DOI: 10.1177/096368979900800305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The deficiency of dystrophin, a sarcolemmal associated protein, is responsible for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Gene replacement is attractive as a potential therapy. In this article, we describe a new method for myoblast transplantation and expression of dystrophin in skeletal muscle tissue of dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse through iliac vessels extracorporeal circulation. We evaluated the extracorporeal circulation as an alternative route of delivering myoblasts to the target tissue. Two series of experiments were performed with the extracorporeal circulation. In a first series, L6 rat myoblasts, transfected with LacZ reporter gene, were perfused in limbs of 15 rats. In the second series, the muscle limbs of three 6-8-week-old mdx were perfused with myoblasts of donor C57BL10J mice. Before these perfusions, the right tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of the rats and mdx was injected three times at several sites with bupivacaine (BPVC) and hyaluronidase. The ability of injected cells to migrate in the host tissue was assessed in rats by technetium-99m cell labeling. No radioactivity was detected in the lungs, bowels, and liver of animals treated with extracorporeal circulation. The tissue integration and viability of the myoblasts were ultimately confirmed by genetic and histochemical analysis of LacZ reporter gene. Following a single extracorporeal perfusion of myoblasts from donor C57BL10J, sarcolemmal expression of dystrophin was observed in clusters of myofibers in tibialis anterior muscles previously treated with BPVC and hyaluronidase. Furthermore, large clusters of dystrophin-positive fibers were observed in muscles up to 21 days after repeated treatments. These clusters represented an average of 4.2% of the total muscle fibers. These results demonstrate that the extracorporeal circulation allows selective myoblast-mediated gene transfer to muscles, opening new perspectives in muscular dystrophy gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Torrente
- Centro Dino Ferrari, Institute of Clinical Neurology, University of Milan, Italy
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12
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Abstract
Based on morphological abnormalities, congenital myopathies can be classified into several categories: (1) enzyme histochemically abnormal appearance without structural pathology, e.g., congenital fibre type disproportion or congenital fibre type uniformity; (2) abnormally placed nuclei, e.g. myotubular and centronuclear myopathies; (3) disruption of normal intrinsic structures, largely sarcomeres, e.g. central cores and minicores; (4) abnormal inclusions within muscle fibres. Several such inclusions are derived from pre-existing structures, most notably rods or nemaline bodies. Other derivatives of Z-band material are cytoplasmic bodies and possibly related inclusions as spheroid bodies, sarcoplasmic bodies or Mallory body-like inclusions. These inclusions share accumulation of desmin, the muscle fibre-specific intermediate filament, and of other proteins, some of them physiological, but others quite abnormal. Inclusions without identified precursors are fingerprint bodies, reducing bodies, cylindrical spirals, and Zebra bodies. Experimental models and tissue culture reproduction are necessary to further clarify significance of these inclusions in congenital myopathy pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology, Mainz University Medical Center, Germany.
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13
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Abstract
We describe a father and daughter with a rigid spine syndrome and proximal myopathy. The index patient was a 42-year-old man, who died from respiratory failure after a lifelong, slowly progressive proximal myopathy and a rigid spine phenotype. This was morphologically characterized by cytoplasmic bodies, increased desmin, features of reducing-body myopathy, and sarcoplasmic and intranuclear tubulofilamentous inclusions. These cases are characterized by an early onset and possibly autosomal-dominant inheritance, with associated complex structural hallmarks of both desmin-related and inclusion body myopathies. Together they may be defined as a complex mixed congenital myopathy with a rigid spine phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Reichmann
- Neurologische Klinik, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
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14
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Goebel HH, Fardeau M. Familial desmin-related myopathies and cardiomyopathies--from myopathology to molecular and clinical genetics. 36th European Neuromuscular Center (ENMC)-Sponsored International Workshop 20-22 October, 1995, Naarden, The Netherlands. Neuromuscul Disord 1996; 6:383-8. [PMID: 8938703 DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(96)85105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H H Goebel
- Division of Neuropathology, Mainz University Medical School, Germany
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15
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Prelle A, Rigoletto C, Moggio M, Sciacco M, Comi GP, Ciscato P, Fagiolari G, Rapuzzi S, Bignotti V, Scarlato G. Asymptomatic familial hyperCKemia associated with desmin accumulation in skeletal muscle. J Neurol Sci 1996; 140:132-6. [PMID: 8866439 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(96)00129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe a family, two brothers and their mother, who came to our observation because of slight to moderate hyperCKemia. The younger brother, who had the highest CK values, was only suffering from episodic myalgia, the other two members of the family were asymptomatic. Neurological examination was normal. Both brothers underwent muscle biopsy which was significant for the presence of abnormal sarcoplasmic areas of desmin accumulation. So far, desmin abnormalities have never been reported in patients with such a mild neuromuscular pattern. We discuss possible correlations between severity of clinical phenotype and degree of desmin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Prelle
- Istituto di Clinica Neurologica, Università di Milano, Centro Dino Ferrari, Italy
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16
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Ausenda CD, Bresolin N, De Liso A, D'Angelo MG, Moggio M, Del Bo R, Gallanti A, Comi GP, Torrente Y, Bordoni A, Scarlato G. In vivo biolistic technique in control and mdx dystrophic mice. Muscle Nerve 1996; 19:912-4. [PMID: 8965850 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199607)19:7<912::aid-mus18>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C D Ausenda
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Italy
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17
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Abstract
The congenital myopathies (CM) are a group of non or little progressive neuromuscular conditions, often hereditary, delineated by morphological techniques, ie, enzyme histochemistry and electron microscopy. The catalogue of CM entailing well known "classic" conditions as central core disease, nemaline myopathy, and centronuclear myopathy has continuously been expanded, now comprising some 40 conditions. Nosologic advances have occurred with immunohistochemical techniques that show generalized or focal protein abnormalities within muscle fibers of certain CM, but at much slower pace as to localization of CM genes. So far, only those for central core disease, nemaline myopathy, and myotubular myopathy have been reported. Epidemiological rarity and nosographic controversy of CM have contributed to this lack of molecular genetic progress in CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology, Mainz University Medical Center, Germany
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18
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Abstract
Desmin, the intermediate filament protein of skeletal muscle fibers, cardiac myocytes, and certain smooth muscle cells, is a member of the cytoskeleton linking Z-bands with the plasmalemma and the nucleus. The pathology of desmin in human neuromuscular disorders is always marked by increased amounts, diffusely or focally. Desmin is highly expressed in immature muscle fibers, both during fetal life and regeneration as well as in certain congenital myopathies, together with vimentin. Desmin is also enriched in neonatal myotonic dystrophy and small fibers in infantile spinal muscular atrophy. Focal accretion of desmin may be twofold, in conjunction with certain inclusion bodies, cytoplasmic and spheroid bodies, and in a more patchy fashion, granulofilamentous material. Both lesions have been found in certain families, affected by a myopathy and/or cardiomyopathy. Other proteins, e.g., dystrophin, vimentin, actin, ubiquitin, and alpha-B crystallin, may also be overexpressed. Desmin pathology may be genetically regulated or may merely reflect profoundly impaired metabolism of several proteins within myofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Goebel
- Division of Neuropathology, Mainz University Medical Center, Germany
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19
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Caron A, Viader F, Lechevalier B, Chapon F. Cytoplasmic body myopathy: familial cases with accumulation of desmin and dystrophin. An immunohistochemical, immunoelectron microscopic and biochemical study. Acta Neuropathol 1995; 90:150-7. [PMID: 7484090 DOI: 10.1007/bf00294314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Muscle biopsy samples from five patients with cytoplasmic body myopathy (CBM) were investigated by immunohistochemical (antibodies to desmin, actin, dystrophin, spectrin, alpha actinin and utrophin), immunoelectron microscopic (antibodies to desmin, actin and dystrophin) and biochemical (desmin, dystrophin, actin and utrophin western blots) methods. Using immunofluorescence it was shown that the centers of cytoplasmic bodies (CB) were stained by anti-actin, anti-utrophin and three different anti-dystrophin antibodies. The peripheries were labeled by the anti-desmin antibody. Moreover, fibers containing CB showed a markedly increased staining of their entire sarcoplasm with the anti-desmin antibody. Using immunoelectron microscopy it was shown that anti-dystrophin antibodies selectively stained the external limit of the central granular region. Anti-desmin antibody labeled the filamentous halo, and anti-actin antibody stained the central core and the radiating filaments. Biochemical studies showed storage of desmin and dystrophin, both of normal molecular weight. Our results suggest that CBM should be considered along with a wider group of intermediate filament pathologies that include desmin-storage myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Caron
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
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20
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Fidziańska A, Ryniewicz B, Barcikowska M, Goebel HH. A new familial congenital myopathy in children with desmin and dystrophin reacting plaques. J Neurol Sci 1995; 131:88-95. [PMID: 7561954 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(95)00090-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In 5 children with a progressive congenital myopathy representing 3 different families, unusual histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscle have been found. Histologically, this myopathy was characterized by the presence of fine hyaline plaques devoid of oxidative as well as ATPase enzyme activities. At the ultrastructural level plaques were composed of helical filaments and amorphous dense material. Helical filament storage corresponded to strong desmin as well as ubiquitin immunoreactivity. In addition they were also dystrophin positive. The exclusive appearance of desmin, ubiquitin and dystrophin positive plaques in muscle specimens from 5 children emphasize the uniqueness of these plaques as well as this special form of a congenital myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fidziańska
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw
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21
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Bárány K, Bárány M, Giometti CS. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic methods in the separation of structural muscle proteins. J Chromatogr A 1995; 698:301-32. [PMID: 7773366 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)01189-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis plays a major role in analyzing the function of muscle structural proteins. This review describes one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoretic methods for qualitative and quantitative investigation of the muscle proteins, with special emphasis on determination of protein phosphorylation. The electrophoretic studies established the subunit structures of the muscle proteins, characterized their multiple forms, revealed changes in subunit composition or shifts in isoform distribution of specific proteins during development, upon stimulation or denervation of the muscle. Protein phosphorylation during muscle contraction is preferentially studied by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The same method demonstrated protein alterations in human neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bárány
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612-7342, USA
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22
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Goebel HH, Fardeau M. Desmin in myology. 24th European Neuromuscular Center-sponsored workshop held 5-6 November 1993, Naarden, The Netherlands. Neuromuscul Disord 1995; 5:161-6. [PMID: 7767096 DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(94)00031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H H Goebel
- Division of Neuropathology, Mainz University Medical School, Germany
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23
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Moroni I, Gonano EF, Comi GP, Tegazzin V, Prelle A, Bordoni A, Bresolin N, Scarlato G. Ryanodine receptor gene point mutation and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. J Neurol 1995; 242:127-33. [PMID: 7751854 DOI: 10.1007/bf00936884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare clinical syndrome, triggered in susceptible subjects by a variety of anaesthetic agents and muscle relaxants, and is the commonest cause of death due to general anaesthesia. Previous studies have reported that inherited mutations in the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) gene co-segregated, in some families, with MH susceptibility; lack of linkage between MH and the RYR1 gene in some other families indicates a heterogenous genetic basis for the syndrome. The in vitro contracture test (IVCT) on muscle biopsy specimens is considered to be the most reliable test for establishing the diagnosis of MH. With the identification of RYR1 point mutations this might in turn result in non-invasive methods for the presymptomatic diagnosis of MH. In the present study we investigated four families suspected to be at risk of MH susceptibility; in all subjects histopathological examination and IVCT were performed on muscle biopsy specimens. We undertook a mutation analysis of RYR1 gene testing for the presence of five point mutations; in one pedigree a C1840-->T point mutation was detected, strictly segregating with in vitro MH susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Moroni
- Istituto di Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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24
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Bresolin N, Castelli E, Comi GP, Felisari G, Bardoni A, Perani D, Grassi F, Turconi A, Mazzucchelli F, Gallotti D. Cognitive impairment in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 1994; 4:359-69. [PMID: 7981593 DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(94)90072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive function and dystrophin gene mutations were investigated in 50 DMD patients (mean age 11.1 yr; range 3.5-20.3). General intelligence assessment showed 31% of patients with Wechsler full intelligence quotient (FIQ) lower than 75 (normal values: 100 +/- 14), and only 24% with appropriate FIQ level. Modal distribution of Wechsler verbal, performance, and FIQs, and Raven IQs was normal. Verbal IQ was more affected than performance IQ (PIQ) only in the younger group of subjects. Low PIQ correlated with the presence of macroglossia, detected in 13 out of 50 patients. Impairment of productive language was of non-dysphasic nature and correlated with defects of short-term memory, which was also affected in non-verbal skills. DMD patients shared the same spectrum of neuropsychological defects, regardless of whether they were or were not mentally retarded. The proportion of patients with dystrophin gene deletions was 64%. No statistically significant correlations were found between genetic data and psychometric assessment. Finally, (18F)-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography studies demonstrated cerebellar hypometabolism in all the DMD patients examined and variable involvement of associative cortical areas. These findings suggest a possible role of the cerebral and cerebellar hypometabolism in the cognitive impairment of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bresolin
- Centro Dino Ferrari, Istituto di Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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25
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Helliwell TR, Green AR, Green A, Edwards RH. Hereditary distal myopathy with granulo-filamentous cytoplasmic inclusions containing desmin, dystrophin and vimentin. J Neurol Sci 1994; 124:174-87. [PMID: 7964869 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(94)90324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A 56-year-old female and her 34-year-old daughter presented with a predominantly distal myopathy affecting the peroneal and calf muscles, neck flexors and hand muscles. Both patients and two other daughters had cardiac arrhythmias, three requiring the insertion of cardiac pacemakers. Skeletal muscle biopsies revealed a complex myopathic process with granular degeneration, rimmed vacuoles and eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions. Ultrastructurally, the inclusions were composed of electron dense granular material and filaments forming linear masses beneath the sarcolemma and rounded masses within the cytoplasm of the fibres. Immunohistochemistry revealed labelling of the inclusions for desmin, dystrophin and vimentin, but not for alpha-actinin, spectrin, utrophin or myosin heavy chains. This family shows a hereditary distal myopathy with some features in common with previously-reported cases in which biopsies showed cytoplasmic inclusion bodies containing desmin. This group of diseases is clinically and pathologically heterogeneous. In the present cases, the accumulation of cytoplasmic filaments may reflect a generalised disturbance of filamentous protein metabolism rather than a specific disorder of desmin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Helliwell
- Department of Pathology, University of Liverpool, UK
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26
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Sejersen T, Lendahl U. Transient expression of the intermediate filament nestin during skeletal muscle development. J Cell Sci 1993; 106 ( Pt 4):1291-300. [PMID: 8126108 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.106.4.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been established that skeletal muscle development is accompanied by changes in the composition of intermediate filaments: vimentin is expressed predominantly in myoblasts and desmin in adult myotubes. We show that the intermediate filament transitions during muscle development are more complex, and involve a transient expression of the recently discovered intermediate filament nestin. Nestin RNA is expressed predominantly early, in a biphasic pattern, and is markedly downregulated in adult rat muscle, whereas desmin RNA becomes more abundant throughout development. Nestin protein was found up to the postnatal myotube stage, where it colocalized with desmin in Z bands. The intracellular distribution of nestin, vimentin and desmin was analysed in the human myogenic cell line G6 before and after in vitro differentiation. Despite its more distant evolutionary and structural relationship to the other two intermediate filaments, nestin formed a cytoplasmic filamentous network indistinguishable from that of desmin and vimentin, both in undifferentiated myoblasts and after differentiation to multinuclear myotubes. In conclusion, our data suggest that nestin is an integrated component of the dynamic intermediate filament network during muscle development and that nestin copolymerizes with desmin and vimentin at stages of coexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sejersen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Nobel Institute, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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Goebel HH, Bornemann A. Desmin pathology in neuromuscular diseases. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. B, CELL PATHOLOGY INCLUDING MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY 1993; 64:127-35. [PMID: 8242173 DOI: 10.1007/bf02915105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Desmin is an intermediate filament protein that in striated muscle is normally located at Z-bands, beneath the sarcolemma, and prominently at neuromuscular junctions. It is abundant during myogenesis and in regenerating fibers, but decreases in amount with maturation; in regenerating and denervated muscle fibers it is co-expressed with vimentin. Aggregates of desmin occur as nonspecific cytoplasmic bodies or cytoplasmic spheroid complexes, similar to the aggregates of keratin filaments in Mallory bodies or the neurofilament aggregates in Lewy bodies. In all three instances, alpha-B crystallin may be associated with desmin. There are now increasing numbers of neuromuscular disorders in which abnormal amounts of desmin, some abnormally phosphorylated, feature prominently in muscle fibres. Several of these diseases, including spheroid body myopathy, granulo-filamentous body myopathy and the dystrophinopathies, are familial. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of desmin have considerably broadened our understanding of the pathology of the cytoskeleton in muscle fibers and in certain hereditary neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Goebel
- Division of Neuropathology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Germany
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28
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Sarnat HB, Diadori P, Trevenen CL. Myopathy of the Proteus syndrome: hypothesis of muscular dysgenesis. Neuromuscul Disord 1993; 3:293-301. [PMID: 8268726 DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(93)90022-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The Proteus syndrome is a congenital disorder of growth regulation affecting tissues of mesodermal and ectodermal origin. It is expressed as hemihypertrophy, hemimegalencephaly, muscular overgrowth, verrucous epidermal nevi, haemangiomas and bony dysplasias. Muscle biopsies were examined at 7 and 10 yr of age from a girl with this disease. Several cytoarchitectural alterations of myofibres, proliferation of sarcolemmal nuclei, and other myopathic changes were demonstrated in regions adjacent to other with normal myofibres; the boundaries did not correspond to fascicular margins. A perinuclear and subsarcolemmal distribution of excessive desmin was also found. It is suggested that this myopathy represents a new category of neuromuscular disease, "muscular dysgenesis", due to faulty paracrine growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Sarnat
- Department of Pathology, University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine, Canada
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