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Natural Contaminants in Wines: Determination of Biogenic Amines by Chromatographic Techniques. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910159. [PMID: 34639461 PMCID: PMC8508579 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic amines (BAs) are natural contaminants of wine that originate from decarboxylase microorganisms involved in fermentation processes. The primary relevance of biogenic amines in food could have both toxic effects on consumers’ health (i.e., allergic reactions, nausea, tremors, etc.), if present at high concentrations, and concurrently it can be considered as a remarkable indicator of quality and/or freshness. Therefore, the presence of nine biogenic amines [Tryptamine (TRP), ß-phenylethylamine (ß-PEA), putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), histamine (HIS), serotonin (SER), tyramine (TYR), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPM)] was investigated in red and white wine samples, which differed in the winemaking processes. The qualitative-quantitative determination of BAs was carried out by chromatographic methods (HPLC-UV/Vis and LC-ESI-MS). The analysis showed that both winemaking processes had all the nine BAs considered in the study at different amounts. Data showed that red wines had a higher concentration of PUT (10.52 mg L−1), TYR (7.57 mg L−1), and HIS (6.5 mg L−1), the BAs most involved in food poisoning, compared to white wines, probably related to the different type of fermentation (alcoholic and malolactic).
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Abstract
Biogenic amines are ubiquitous bioactive compounds that are synthesized by living organisms and perform essential functions for their metabolism. In the human diet, their excessive intake can cause food poisoning. In food, especially in alcohol-free beverages, biogenic amines can be synthesized by enzymes, naturally present in raw materials, or by microorganisms, which may be naturally present in the matrix or be added during beverage transformation processes. For this reason, in alcohol-free beverages, biogenic amine amount can be considered, above a certain level, as undesired microorganism activity. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the biogenic amine profile of non-alcoholic beverages in order to monitor food quality and safety. Moreover, biogenic amines can be taken into account by industries in order to monitor production processes and products. This review article provides an overview on the biogenic amine profile of alcohol-free beverages (plant milk, nervine drinks, soft drinks, and fruit juices). Furthermore, the clinical and toxicological effects, the biogenic amines legislation, and biogenic amine synthesis have been evaluated in non-alcoholic beverages.
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Paulsen P, Bauer S, Bauer F. Biogenic amines and polyamines in foods of animal origin. CHEMICAL HAZARDS IN FOODS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/978-90-8686-877-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Paulsen
- Institute of Meat Hygiene, Meat Technology and Food Science, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Bauer
- Institute of Meat Hygiene, Meat Technology and Food Science, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Bauer
- Institute of Meat Hygiene, Meat Technology and Food Science, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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Carpéné C, Mercader J, Le Gonidec S, Schaak S, Mialet‐Perez J, Zakaroff‐Girard A, Galitzky J. Body fat reduction without cardiovascular changes in mice after oral treatment with the MAO inhibitor phenelzine. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2428-2440. [PMID: 29582416 PMCID: PMC5980542 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Phenelzine is an antidepressant drug known to increase the risk of hypertensive crisis when dietary tyramine is not restricted. However, this MAO inhibitor inhibits other enzymes not limited to the nervous system. Here we investigated if its antiadipogenic and antilipogenic effects in cultured adipocytes could contribute to decreased body fat in vivo, without unwanted hypertensive or cardiovascular effects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were fed a standard chow and given 0.028% phenelzine in drinking water for 12 weeks. Body composition was determined by NMR. Cardiovascular dysfunction was assessed by heart rate variability analyses and by evaluation of cardiac oxidative stress markers. MAO activity, hydrogen peroxide release and triacylglycerol turnover were assayed in white adipose tissue (WAT), alongside determination of glucose and lipid circulating levels. KEY RESULTS Phenelzine-treated mice exhibited lower body fat content, subcutaneous WAT mass and lipid content in skeletal muscles than control, without decreased body weight gain or food consumption. A modest alteration of cardiac sympathovagal balance occurred without depressed aconitase activity. In WAT, phenelzine impaired the lipogenic but not the antilipolytic actions of insulin, MAO activity and hydrogen peroxide release. Phenelzine treatment lowered non-fasting blood glucose and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression. In vitro, high doses of phenelzine decreased both lipolytic and lipogenic responses in mouse adipocytes. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS As phenelzine reduced body fat content without affecting cardiovascular function in mice, it may be of benefit in the treatment of obesity-associated complications, with the precautions of use recommended for antidepressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Carpéné
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048) and Université Paul SabatierToulouse Cedex 4France
| | - Josep Mercader
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048) and Université Paul SabatierToulouse Cedex 4France
| | - Sophie Le Gonidec
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048) and Université Paul SabatierToulouse Cedex 4France
| | - Stéphane Schaak
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048) and Université Paul SabatierToulouse Cedex 4France
| | - Jeanne Mialet‐Perez
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048) and Université Paul SabatierToulouse Cedex 4France
| | - Alexia Zakaroff‐Girard
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048) and Université Paul SabatierToulouse Cedex 4France
| | - Jean Galitzky
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048) and Université Paul SabatierToulouse Cedex 4France
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Les F, Iffiú-Soltész Z, Mercarder J, Carpéné C. Tyramine activates lipid accumulation in rat adipocytes: influences of <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> administration. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2017.3.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Badrey MG, Gomha SM, Arafa WAA, Abdulla MM. An Approach to Polysubstituted Triazipines, Thiadiazoles and Thiazoles Based on Benzopyran Moiety Through The Utility of Versatile Hydrazonoyl Halides asIn VitroMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed G. Badrey
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Fayoum University; El-Fayoum Egypt
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Cairo; Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Wael A. A. Arafa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Fayoum University; El-Fayoum Egypt
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Amr AEGE, Omar MAA, Abdalla MM. Monoamino Oxidase Inhibitors Activities of Some Synthesized 2,6-bis (Tetracarboxamide)-pyridine and Macrocyclic Octacarboxamide Derivatives. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.66.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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High intake of dietary tyramine does not deteriorate glucose handling and does not cause adverse cardiovascular effects in mice. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 72:539-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Southam E, Pereira R, Stratton SC, Sargent R, Ford AJ, Butterfield LJ, Wheable JD, Beckett SRG, Roe C, Marsden CA, Hagan RM. Effect of lamotrigine on the activities of monoamine oxidases A and B in vitro and on monoamine disposition in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 519:237-45. [PMID: 16129425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Accepted: 07/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical evidence indicates that the broad spectrum anticonvulsant drug lamotrigine is effective against the depressive phase of bipolar illness and the difficult to treat rapid cycling form of the disorder. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this therapeutic action remains uncertain. Given that inhibition of the A-type of monoamine oxidase (MAO) is a proven antidepressant mechanism, we investigated the effects of lamotrigine on MAO activities in vitro and on monoamine disposition in vivo. In vitro, lamotrigine inhibited rat brain MAO activities with Ki values (MAO-A, 15 microM; MAO-B, 18 microM) potentially within the therapeutic range for this drug. The effects of lamotrigine on the MAO-A activities of rat brain and human liver preparations were almost identical suggesting minimal species or tissue variation. In contrast, there was no (MAO-A) or minimal (MAO-B) reduction in brain MAO activities when assayed ex vivo following the administration of lamotrigine to rats. In vivo brain microdialysis failed to detect meaningful alterations in extracellular hippocampal or frontal cortex monoamine concentrations. Furthermore, lamotrigine did not modulate oral tyramine-induced hypertension in rats or 5-hydroxytryptophan-induced head shaking in mice, providing strong evidence that the drug does not perturb monoamine metabolism in vivo. The absence of observable effects of lamotrigine on monoamine disposition in vivo may be explained by the competitive and highly reversible nature of the interaction of lamotrigine with MAO isoforms. Thus, altered monoamine metabolism in vivo is unlikely to account for the antidepressant action of the drug in bipolar depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Southam
- Psychiatry Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, New Frontiers Science Park North, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, UK.
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Visentin V, Marq P, Bour S, Subra C, Prévot D, Morin N, Valet P, Monje MC, Nepveu F, Carpéné C. Effect of prolonged treatment with tyramine on glucose tolerance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Physiol Biochem 2004; 59:225-32. [PMID: 15000454 DOI: 10.1007/bf03179919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The biogenic amine tyramine has been reported to stimulate in vitro glucose transport in adipocytes, cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle, and to improve in vivo glucose utilization in rats. These effects were dependent on amine oxidation, since they were blocked by inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO). We thus tested in this work whether a prolonged treatment with tyramine could improve glucose tolerance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. First, tyramine content of standard rodent chow was determined by HPLC and daily tyramine intake of control rats was estimated to be around 26 micromol/kg body weight. Then, tyramine was administred during 3 weeks in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at 29 micromol/kg by daily i.p. injection alone or together with vanadate 0.02 micromol/kg. In another group of diabetic rats, tyramine was subcutaneously delivered at 116 micromol/kg/day by osmotic minipumps. All tyramine treatments resulted in a decrease of the hyperglycemic responses to an i.p. glucose load. Adipocytes isolated from either untreated or treated diabetic rats were sensitive to the stimulation of glucose uptake by tyramine. However, diabetic animals receiving tyramine for three weeks did not recover from their hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia and glucosuria. These results show that the improvement of glucose tolerance induced by prolonged tyramine administration occurs in an insulin-depleted model and probably results from peripheral insulin-like actions of the oxidation of MAO/SSAO substrates, such as the stimulation of glucose uptake into adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Visentin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U586, CHU Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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Morin N, Visentin V, Calise D, Marti L, Zorzano A, Testar X, Valet P, Fischer Y, Carpéné C. Tyramine stimulates glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive tissues in vitro and in vivo via its oxidation by amine oxidases. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 303:1238-47. [PMID: 12438548 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.102.040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyramine and benzylamine have been described as stimulators of glucose transport in adipocytes. This effect is dependent on amine oxidation by monoamine oxidase (MAO) or semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) and on the subsequent hydrogen peroxide formation as already demonstrated by blockade with oxidase inhibitors or antioxidants and potentiation with vanadate. In this work, we extended these observations to skeletal muscle and cardiac myocytes using in vitro and in vivo approaches. Tissue distribution studies showed that substantial extrahepatic peripheral MAO activities exist in kidney and gut, but also in insulin-sensitive tissues: heart, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscles. SSAO activity is also widely distributed and present at a lower level than MAO, except in fat depots where both oxidases were equally involved in tyramine oxidation. When tested in vitro at millimolar doses, tyramine caused a large stimulation of glucose transport in rat adipocytes and in skeletal and cardiac muscles. In vivo administration of tyramine (4 mg/kg i.p.) lowered the hyperglycemic responses to a glucose challenge in control and in streptozotocin-treated rats. This positive effect on glucose disposal was obtained without vanadate and was abolished by SSAO and MAO inhibitors. Tyramine increased hexose uptake in vivo in insulin-sensitive tissues, whereas it induced only transient effects on plasma insulin or cardiovascular parameters. In conclusion, activation of the amine oxidases present in insulin-sensitive tissues induces insulin-like effects, readily detectable in vitro, and increasing peripheral glucose utilization in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Morin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Toulouse, France
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Humphrey SJ, Curry JT, Turman CN, Stryd RP. Cardiovascular sympathomimetic amine interactions in rats treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors and the novel oxazolidinone antibiotic linezolid. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2001; 37:548-63. [PMID: 11336106 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200105000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Linezolid (PNU-100766) is a new gram-positive oxazolidinone antibiotic that is effective at in vitro concentrations < or =4 microg/ml and in vivo doses < or =10 mg/kg. Because linezolid also competitively inhibits human monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A; Ki = 55 microM), we monitored its effects on the cardiovascular responses to tyramine and amine cold remedies in comparison with standard MAO inhibitors. In anesthetized rats, the pressor response to 16 microg i.v. tyramine was potentiated by the MAO-A inhibitors clorgyline (0.1-1.0 mg/kg i.v.) and moclobemide (5.0-50 mg/kg p.o.), but not by the MAO-B inhibitor selegiline (0.15-15 mg/kg p.o.). Fifteen milligrams per kilogram intravenous linezolid weakly potentiated i.v. tyramine independent of changes in alpha-adrenoceptor reactivity, but this effect was not enhanced chronically (90-100 mg/kg/day). In conscious rats, 30 mg/kg/day oral linezolid (8 microg/ml plasma concentration) minimally affected the pressor response to 20 mg/kg oral tyramine, whereas 100 mg/kg/day linezolid (20 microg/ml plasma concentration) moderately potentiated this response similar to 3 mg/kg per day moclobemide. Linezolid's tyramine potentiation was reversible, attenuated by food, and independent of pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, and dextromethorphan interactions. These studies demonstrate that high-dose linezolid only moderately potentiates the cardiovascular effects of tyramine and validate these models for evaluating such MAO inhibitory interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Humphrey
- Pharmacology and Drug Metabolism Research, Pharmacia Corporation, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007-4940, USA.
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Curet O, Damoiseau-Ovens G, Sauvage C, Sontag N, Avenet P, Depoortere H, Caille D, Bergis O, Scatton B. Preclinical profile of befloxatone, a new reversible MAO-A inhibitor. J Affect Disord 1998; 51:287-303. [PMID: 10333983 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Befloxatone, a novel oxazolidinone derivative, is a potent, selective and reversible monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitor in vitro (K1A = 1.9-3.6 nM) and ex vivo (ED50 MAO-A = 0.02 mg/kg, p.o.). It does not interact with a large number of receptors, monoamine transporters or other amine oxidases. Binding studies with [3H]-befloxatone in rat brain sections show that it labels with high affinity (Kd = 1.3 nM) a single population of sites with the pharmacological characteristics and regional distribution of MAO-A. In the rat brain, befloxatone (0.75 mg/kg, i.p.) increases tissue levels of monoamines and decreases levels of their deaminated metabolites. Acute administration of befloxatone (0.75 mg/kg, i.p.) induces an increase in extracellular striatal dopamine and cortical norepinephrine but not cortical serotonin levels in the rat. Befloxatone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) potently inhibits the firing rate of serotonergic neurons, partially decreases the firing of noradrenergic neurons and has no effect on the firing of dopaminergic neurons (a mirror image of its effects on monoamine release in terminal regions), suggesting that the relative effects of befloxatone on monoamine release may be governed by autoreceptor-mediated control of monoaminergic neurons at the cell body level. Befloxatone (0.03-0.3 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibits potent activity in behavioural models predictive of antidepressant activity. Befloxatone (up to 1.5 mg/kg, p.o.) does not potentiate the pressor effects of orally administered tyramine at centrally active doses and duodenal [3H]-befloxatone binding is displaced by increasing doses of orally administered tyramine (0.1-40 mg/kg, i.p.). These results suggest that befloxatone is a potent reversible MAO-A inhibitor with antidepressant potential and a wide safety margin with regard to the potentiation of the pressor effect of tyramine.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Curet
- Central Nervous System Research Department, Synthelabo Recherche, Rueil-Malmaison, France
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