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Smith DR, Leggat PA. An international review of tobacco smoking research in the nursing profession, 1976-2006. J Res Nurs 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1744987106074875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking represents a contentious issue in the nursing profession, and one that has now become an important topic in nursing research. Despite this fact, the epidemiological quality of research varies widely, and it has been difficult to accurately determine the true incidence of smoking among nurses. Given these inconsistencies, we conducted a state-of-the-art review to identify international trends in tobacco usage among nurses, to ascertain how the epidemiological quality of research has improved over the past 30 years, and also to elucidate the directions in which nursing research has evolved. A total of 73 English-language studies that met the inclusion criteria were located and analysed. Overall, our review suggests that, while tobacco smoking among nurses appears to be decreasing in many countries during recent years, the international trend is far from uniform, and some developed nations still report high smoking rates among their nursing staff. From a methodological perspective, the relative epidemiological quality of smoking research has also fluctuated over time, making it difficult to compare the results of one study to the next. Despite these caveats, tobacco smoking remains a key topic in nursing research, as well as a critically important occupational-health issue for the entire nursing profession. In order to make the next generation of tobacco research data as comparable as possible, future scholars should consider devising and implementing a standardised format for conducting international tobacco smoking research within the nursing profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek R. Smith
- National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Japan, and Anton Breinl Centre for Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia,
| | - Peter A. Leggat
- Anton Breinl Centre for Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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Connolly M, Floyd S, Forrest R, Marshall B. Mental health nurses' beliefs about smoking by mental health facility inpatients. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2013; 22:288-93. [PMID: 22897708 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00871.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined beliefs of mental health nurses about smoking by clients, nurses, and visitors in inpatient facilities and identified the influence of years of experience, smoke-free status, and workplace on these beliefs. Data were collected by a survey, distributed via a nursing newsletter with approximately 600 members. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations explored the data. A total of 104 responses were received. Smoke-free status made significant differences to nurses' beliefs relating to prohibition of smoking for clients, staff, and visitors; concern about the effects of passive smoking; the role of smoking in the development of therapeutic relationships; smoking as a source of patient pleasure; and the role of smoking in symptom management. That half of the nurses who responded believe that smoking is helpful in the creation of therapeutic relationships is of concern. The nurse plays an important role model in promoting smoke-free lifestyles amongst clients, and the effects of positive role modelling could be lost if nurses continue to smoke with clients. The negative impacts of smoking on the physical health of mental health inpatients is considerable and well documented, and the creation of smoke-free inpatient mental health services can help to address these.
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Shishani K, Nawafleh H, Jarrah S, Froelicher ES. Smoking Patterns among Jordanian Health Professionals: A Study about the Impediments to Tobacco Control in Jordan. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2011; 10:221-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcnurse.2010.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Little is known about Arab health professionals' smoking practices. Aim: This is the first study to examine smoking practices among Arab health professionals. Methods: Background: Little is known about Arab nurses and physicians' smoking patterns. Aim: This study aims to examine smoking patterns among Arab nurses and physicians. Methods: A total of 918 nurses and physicians participated in this study. Data were collected using the Global Professional Health Survey. Results: About 38.8% are current smokers. The smoking percentages for male nurses and male physicians were high (83.8%, 94.6% respectively) compared to female nurses and female physicians (16.2%, 5.4% respectively). Approximately 53.8% wanted to quit and 60.6% had made previous quit attempts that lasted for more than two days. About 64.1% believed that nurses and physicians who smoke were less likely to advise patients to stop smoking. The predictors of smoking were: age when tried first cigarettes OR=6.36, 95% CI=4.48, 9.04; father smokes OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.40, 2.72; mother smokes OR=1.99, 95% CI=1.18, 3.39; shift work OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.04, 2.03; and the interaction (gender and profession) OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.55, 2.14. Discussion: Effective interventions often begin with and/or depend on nurses and physicians being committed to smoking cessation. Given the very high smoking rates among nurses and physicians a key priority must be to provide quit smoking programs and to enable them to become effective champions of smoking cessation nationwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawkab Shishani
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, P.O. Box 1459, Spokane, WA 99210, USA
- The Hashemite University, Jordan
| | | | | | - Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Zhu D, Norman IJ, While AE. The relationship between health professionals' weight status and attitudes towards weight management: a systematic review. Obes Rev 2011; 12:e324-37. [PMID: 21366836 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2010.00841.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to address the question of whether health professionals' weight status is associated with attitudes towards weight management. Twelve eligible studies were identified from a search of the Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and three Chinese databases, which included 14 independent samples comprising a total of 10 043 respondents. Attitudes towards weight management were classified under eight attitude indicators. Quantitative synthesis of the findings of included studies showed that health professionals of normal weight were more likely to be more confident in their weight management practice, perceive fewer barriers to weight management and have more positive outcome expectations, have stronger role identity and more negative attitudes towards obese individuals than health professionals who were overweight or obese. However, there was no difference between overweight and non-overweight health professionals in their perceptions of the causes and outcomes of obesity. In addition, being female and having relevant knowledge and clinical experience of weight management appeared to predict positive attitudes towards obesity/obese patients and high self-efficacy in weight management, respectively. Future research should focus on prospectively theory-driven studies, and employ appropriately validated instruments and multivariate analyses to identify the relative contribution of weight status to attitudes towards weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhu
- Second Military Medical University, School of Nursing, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
UNLABELLED AIM AND RATIONALE: The preventable nature of smoking-associated diseases places a responsibility on health professionals for smoking-related health promotion. This paper disseminates information from a survey of qualified Greek nurses, comparing smoking attitudes, influences on smoking behaviours and desire to quit with their motivation to act as health promoters with patients and other health professionals who smoke. METHOD AND SAMPLE A random sample (n=402) of qualified nurses employed by hospitals in Athens was surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire in a cross-sectional survey which had a 73% response rate. Following quality control measures, a final sample of 308 was achieved. RESULTS Results showed that almost half of the nurses in the sample were current smokers, almost a quarter were former smokers, with just less than a third non-smokers. Using the Stages of Change model as a measure, the survey reported that 11% of the smokers in the sample expressed a desire to stop within the next month, another 12% in the coming 6 months and 23% of current smokers were still in the pre-contemplation stage. The main reasons given for continuing to smoke included using tobacco for enjoyment and as a coping mechanism for stress. Organizational problems were identified as the main source of stress. Finally, the majority of respondents confirmed the important part that they can play as role models in promoting health behaviours in their patients. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that smoking prevalence among qualified Greek nurses is greater than that reported in the general Greek population. Implications and recommendations for nursing practice, education and research include the early provision of smoking education in nurse training. Interventions should be directed at nurses who smoke to assist them to stop and to maintain cessation according to their stages of change.
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Sarna L, Bialous SA, Wewers ME, Froelicher ES, Danao L. Nurses, smoking, and the workplace. Res Nurs Health 2005; 28:79-90. [PMID: 15625705 DOI: 10.1002/nur.20059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes and experiences of nurses regarding smoking and smoking cessation in the workplace. Eight focus groups were conducted with current or former smokers (n = 60). A questionnaire provided information about smoking history. Content analysis revealed six themes: taking breaks, stress and smoking, social support from colleagues, hiding smoking from patients and their families, impact of workplace smoking restrictions, and challenges to smoking cessation in the workplace. Nurses who smoke were perceived as taking more breaks and spending less time with patients than those who do not smoke. These findings document the impact of smoking among nurses in the workplace. Strategies are needed to support smoking cessation efforts of nurses as an important occupational health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sarna
- UCLA School of Nursing, University of California-Los Angeles, 700 Tiverton Avenue, Box 956918, Factor Building 4-262, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Heath J, Andrews J, Kelley FJ, Sorrell J. Caught in the middle: experiences of tobacco-dependent nurse practitioners. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 16:396-401. [PMID: 15495693 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2004.tb00389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore how tobacco-dependent nurse practitioners (NPs) describe their experiences with health promotion and disease prevention practices with patients who smoke. DATA SOURCES Twelve NPs who completed a graduate level NP program of study participated in face-to-face interviews and/or online chat room interviews. CONCLUSIONS Participants' responses revealed three themes relevant to their experience as tobacco-dependent clinicians with health promotion responsibilities. These themes centered around (a) living as an insider in the world of tobacco addiction, (b) having the outside-in view of living with a tobacco addiction, and (c) being caught in the middle of a tobacco addiction. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE All of the tobacco-dependent participants described limited smoking-cessation interventions with their patients. A barrier to implementation of more aggressive interventions, perhaps, is the provider's own tobacco addiction. With increasing evidence that tobacco-dependent health care professionals are not adequately intervening with tobacco-dependent patients, effective strategies are needed to assist and/or support not only tobacco-dependent patients but providers as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janie Heath
- Georgetown University, School of Nursing and Health Studies in Washington, DC, USA.
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Sarna L, Bialous SA. Tobacco control policies of oncology nursing organizations. Semin Oncol Nurs 2004; 20:101-10, table of contents. [PMID: 15253593 DOI: 10.1053/j.soncn.2004.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nurses, the largest group of health care professionals, and the policies of nursing organizations, have tremendous potential to promote health and tobacco control. Policies addressing tobacco use have been implemented by a variety of national and international nursing organizations. This article reviews existing tobacco control policies in oncology nursing organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sarna
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6918, USA
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Abstract
Tobacco use is a major health risk that requires a comprehensive response by healthcare professionals. Nurse educators can contribute to the reduction of tobacco use by educating nursing students about tobacco use and smoking cessation strategies. The authors examine the breadth and depth of tobacco cessation content in Kansas registered nursing programs providing insight into the content and resources needed to teach nursing faculty and students how to assist individuals in tobacco use cessation.
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Good MJ, Frazier LM, Wetta-Hall R, Ablah E, Molgaard CA. Kansas Office-Based Nurses' Evaluation of Patient Tobacco Cessation Activities. J Community Health Nurs 2004; 21:77-85. [PMID: 15123437 DOI: 10.1207/s15327655jchn2102_02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the tobacco cessation efforts of nurses working in primary care settings. A 43-item questionnaire was mailed to 1,036 office-based nurses located throughout Kansas. With a response rate of 50.1%, 415 questionnaires were available for analysis. Although 89% of respondents encountered patients who smoked on a daily or weekly basis, only 51% reported documenting their patients' tobacco use, and 38% assessed patients' readiness to quit. Two thirds (66%) of nurses believed that tobacco management was part of their role but only 35% provided cessation advice, 23% recommended nicotine replacement therapy, and 14% provided coping techniques. Nurses cited barriers such as perceiving patients as disinterested or unmotivated to quit (65%) and having little time (55%), skills (32%), or knowledge (25%). Most (91%) agreed that they needed additional tobacco control education. Nurses who were advanced registered nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists were more likely to feel confident about their smoking cessation counseling skills compared to nurses with less education (66.7 vs. 31.2%, p =.010). Office-based nurses identified specific barriers that could be addressed through professional education about tobacco management.
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Abstract
Foram objetivos deste estudo investigar a prevalência de fumantes entre os graduandos de enfermagem da UNIFESP (Universidade Federal de São Paulo), algumas características de seu uso inicial e o grau de dependência dos fumantes para com a nicotina. Para comparar a relação de algumas variáveis foi aplicado o teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson. Dos 279 alunos que participaram do estudo, 23(8,2%) eram fumantes, 167(59,9%) referiram não ter experimentado o cigarro. A idade média dos fumantes foi 19,5 anos, havendo uma diferença significativa entre os sexos e apenas dois (9,1%) dos fumantes poderão apresentar um desconforto mais sério ao tentarem parar de fumar, conforme o Teste de Fagerström
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Cristina Sawicki
- Extraído da Dissertação de Mestrado "Graduandos de Enfermagem e sua relação com o tabagismo: subsídios para uma atuação preventiva", apresentada em 2002 à Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo (EEUSP).
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Willaing I, Jørgensen T, Iversen L. How does individual smoking behaviour among hospital staff influence their knowledge of the health consequences of smoking? Scand J Public Health 2003; 31:149-55. [PMID: 12745766 DOI: 10.1080/14034940210164876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study examined associations between individual smoking habits among hospital staff and their knowledge of the health consequences of smoking and passive smoking. The a priori hypothesis was a higher level of knowledge among non-smokers compared with smokers. METHODS A survey was undertaken, based on self-administered questionnaires at a Danish hospital (Frederikssund Hospital) in the Copenhagen area. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analyses were used. A backward stepwise elimination of variables at a 5% level of significance was performed and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Main outcome measures were knowledge of the health consequences of smoking, passive smoking and other lifestyle factors. RESULTS A total of 445 of 487 employees (91%) from all professional groups returned the questionnaire. Compared with ex- and never smokers, smokers systematically underestimate the health consequences of smoking and passive smoking independent of profession, department, sex, and age. There is no consistent association between knowledge of the health consequences of smoking and profession and department. There are significant inverse associations between smoking and knowledge of the health effects of excess use of alcohol and lack of physical activity. CONCLUSION Individual smoking habits among hospital staff strongly influence smoking-related knowledge. No other variables are of consistent importance. These findings are supported by the literature. The validity of the study is good, but a similar study in a bigger population would strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Willaing
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Glostrup University Hospital, DK-Nordre Ringvej, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark.
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Kitajima T, Ohida T, Harano S, Kamal AMM, Takemura S, Nozaki N, Kawahara K, Minaowa M. Smoking behavior, initiating and cessation factors among Japanese nurses: a cohort study. Public Health 2002; 116:347-52. [PMID: 12407474 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ph.1900879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2002] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of smoking among Japanese nurses, specially in their twenties, is higher than that among the general female population. To examine smoking behavior, smoking initiating and cessation factors, we conducted a cohort study through questionnaire survey, targeting nurses (n=1572) working at 11 hospitals located in Tokyo metropolitan area. The first survey was conducted using a confidential questionnaire on smoking, followed by a second survey conducted in the same manner on the same subjects two years later. As to smoking status after two years, 8% (95%CI=1.5%) started smoking and 6% (95%CI=1.4%) quitted resulting in a 2% increase in the prevalence of current smoking. The average nicotine dependence for nurses who were smokers in the two surveys rose from 3.9 to 4.3 (P<0.05). Smoking behavior of mother, friends, or superiors at work had a significant influence on smoking behavior of nurses. As to smoking cessation factors, the idea that women and medical workers should not smoke, and living with family each had a significant influence. Considering the fact that 6% of nurses in this study succeeded in quitting smoking within two years, it is required that anti-smoking education be conducted at medical institutions to decrease the prevalence of current smoking among the nurses in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitajima
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
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Clément M, Jankowski LW, Bouchard L, Perreault M, Lepage Y. Health Behaviors of Nursing Students: A Longitudinal Study. J Nurs Educ 2002; 41:257-65. [PMID: 12096774 DOI: 10.3928/0148-4834-20020601-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To ascertain the degree to which a health science curriculum may influence health-related behaviors among students, nine selected health behaviors of 52 undergraduate nursing students were studied for 3 consecutive years and compared to those of a similar group of education students. In addition, the health behaviors of both student groups were compared to those of the general population. During the study, the nursing students had no significant alterations in the observed health behaviors, and no significant differences were observed between the health behaviors of the two groups of students. Both groups manifested certain health behaviors that were significantly different from the general population. However, nursing students were observed more frequently to be significantly different from the general population. A 3-year nursing curriculum may have facilitated the adoption of some personal health behaviors, but the time demands of academic life may have induced students to reduce time-consuming health behaviors, such as getting enough sleep, eating breakfast, and exercising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Clément
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E. Malone
- The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
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Abstract
As the most numerous health care providers, nurses could reduce tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. A cross-sectional survey of 476 junior and senior students at 12 schools of nursing in the New York metropolitan area was conducted, to determine nurse knowledge of tobacco control, their attitudes, beliefs, and practices. Overall, 76% of all nursing students reported that they practiced tobacco control. Current smokers were less likely to participate in tobacco control with targets ranging from the nurse herself to the community than either never or ex-smokers. Nurses were more likely to engage in tobacco control among individual, family, or group clients than to advocate for changes in the community. Student nurses who were African American or Hispanic, had never smoked or were ex-smokers, those who had better knowledge of cessation approaches, and those who tended to have more confidence in their cessation counseling skills were more likely to engage in multi-target tobacco control than other similar nurses. Tailored interventions that emphasize discrete counseling skills are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Gorin
- Divisions of Sociomedical Sciences and Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This research describes tobacco attitudes and practices of health care providers in the Upper Midwest. A baseline measure of preventive practices by providers was needed to plan effective tobacco intervention education programs. METHODS Health care providers in a 16-county region received a mailed survey regarding tobacco assessment practices, intervention practices, attitudes, skills/knowledge, barriers, and desire for tobacco education. The survey was sent to all chiropractors, dentists, nurse practitioners/physician assistants, physicians (primary care and specialist), and public health nurses in the region. A total of 51.9% (n = 614) of all providers returned usable surveys. RESULTS Significant differences were found between provider groups on all measured concepts. Primary care physicians, nurse practitioners/physician assistants, and public health nurses were more likely than specialist physicians, dentists, and chiropractors to assess, intervene, be supportive of tobacco cessation, have skills/knowledge about cessation, perceive fewer barriers, and want further education. CONCLUSIONS In this region, provider groups differed in tobacco use assessment and treatment. All provider groups desired education regarding tobacco intervention. Region-wide tobacco cessation educational initiatives need to take into account differences between provider groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Block
- University of Minnesota School of Nursing, 135 Campus Center, 10 University Drive, Duluth, 55812, Minnesota, USA.
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Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and predictors of smoking and attitudes to smoking-related issues among nurses employed by the Central Sydney Area Health Service in Sydney, Australia. A self-administered questionnaire, was distributed via the internal mail system of the Central Sydney Area Health Service in November 1997 to 610 randomly selected nursing staff. Twenty-one per cent (n = 127) of respondents smoked. Smokers were significantly younger than non-smokers and were more likely to speak mainly English at home. There were clear differences between smokers and non-smokers in response to all attitude statements. Interventions specifically directed at nurses who smoke to assist them to stop and maintain cessation are indicated. Future health service workplace tobacco control programmes should address deficits in knowledge about the health effects of passive smoking, should raise awareness among nurses who smoke about their potential to affect the behaviours of others through modelling, and should provide all nurses with the skills required to be smoking educators and advocates for tobacco control.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Hughes
- Needs Assessment and Health Outcomes Unit, Central Sydney Area Health Service, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Rowe K, Clark JM. Evaluating the effectiveness of a smoking cessation intervention designed for nurses. Int J Nurs Stud 1999; 36:301-11. [PMID: 10404298 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7489(99)00024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of offering an individualised approach to smoking cessation to qualified nurses and student nurses in Northern Ireland. Twenty-two qualified nurses and 32 student nurses enrolled in the intervention. A further 23 qualified nurses and 33 student nurses expressed interest in giving up smoking, but did not wish to be included in the intervention. They were assigned to the comparison group. Objective verification utilising salivary cotinine measurements of continuous abstinence at 6 months and 1 year demonstrated that 24% of student and qualified nurses in the intervention groups stopped smoking compared with 7% of those in the comparison groups. Both of these differences are statistically significant (Fisher's Exact Probability Test p = < 0.05). This suggests that the individualised approach as used in this study is an appropriate method of helping motivated nurses to quit.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rowe
- Queen's University of Belfast, UK
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Valid data on factors that increase a health care worker's likelihood of substance use are integral in ensuring professional standards and quality health care for consumers. This study explored the association between nursing specialty and past-year substance use. METHODS In an anonymous mailed survey, a balanced stratified sample of registered nurses (n = 4438) reported their use of marijuana, cocaine, and prescription-type drugs, as well as cigarette smoking and binge drinking. RESULTS Prevalence of use of all substances was 32%. Rates varied by specialty, even when sociodemographics were controlled. Compared with nurses in women's health, pediatrics, and general practice, emergency nurses were 3.5 times as likely to use marijuana or cocaine (odds ratio [OR] = 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5, 8.2); oncology and administration nurses were twice as likely to engage in binge drinking; and psychiatric nurses were most likely to smoke (OR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.6, 3.8). No specialty differences appeared for prescription-type drug use. CONCLUSIONS Certain nursing specialties were more likely than others to be associated with substance use. The differences were not explained by demographic characteristics. Inasmuch as a comparison of these results for nurses with prior work on physicians found considerable agreement by specialty, preventive initiatives should consider inter-disciplinary approaches to substance use education.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Trinkoff
- Department of Psychiatric, Community and Adult Primary Care Nursing, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, USA.
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Strobl J, Latter S. Qualified nurse smokers' attitudes towards a hospital smoking ban and its influence on their smoking behaviour. J Adv Nurs 1998; 27:179-88. [PMID: 9515623 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the effects of a complete smoking ban in a large British teaching hospital on nurses' smoking behaviour and their attitudes and views on the current policy and compliance with it. Questionnaires were distributed to a convenience sample of nurse smokers and ex-smokers 9 months after the introduction of the smoking ban. A response rate of 64.7% (n = 33) was achieved. The reported reduction in work-time cigarette consumption following the ban was not statistically significant (Wilcoxon test: P = 0.069). No reduction outside work was recorded. Six (21.4%) smokers claimed that the ban had been a reason for them to try to give up smoking. Two of three ex-smokers reported that the ban had played a role in their giving up. The respondents showed considerable agreement with their health educator and role model function. Support for the policy was, however, very limited and compliance with it was reported to be poor among patients as well as staff. Twenty (76.9%) of current smokers indicated their wish to give up, 11 (39.3%) of them believed their own determination to be an effective way to achieve this. These results would seem to indicate that smoking policies currently have limited impact on smoking behaviour. It is suggested that in future policies should aim at strengthening nurses' determination to give up as well as secure their support for the restrictions in order to assist them in changing their smoking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Strobl
- Wirral Health Authority, Birkenhead, England
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Tarbuck P. Smoking with patients: policy us therapy. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 1996; 5:224-9. [PMID: 8704452 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.1996.5.4.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
While it is largely accepted that smoking is injurious to physical health, there is no general consensus on the value, or otherwise, of mental health nurses smoking in the company of their patients in the creation and maintenance of therapeutic relationships. This survey of key opinion-formers within medium- and high-security mental health-care facilities was designed to ascertain whether a consensus exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Mundt
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 53201, USA
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Sarna L. Smoking behaviors of women after diagnosis with lung cancer. IMAGE--THE JOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP 1995; 27:35-41. [PMID: 7721308 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1995.tb00810.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the smoking behavior of women with a recent diagnosis or recurrence of lung cancer. A convenience sample of women (N = 65) participated in interviews about their smoking status, their perception of the effect of their diagnosis on the smoking behaviors of others, and self reports of symptom distress and functional status. Content analysis of the audiotapes was used to classify responses. Exemplars describe feelings related to smoking, smoking cessation, and responses of others. Current smokers were likely to be younger (F4.60 = 4.3, p < .05). In this small sample, symptom distress and functional status were not statistically differentiated by smoking status; current smokers had the greatest mean distress from cough. Diagnosis had a variable effect on the smoking behavior of family members with over 25% stopping smoking in response to the diagnosis; 31% of smoking spouses continued to smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sarna
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-6918, USA
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Abstract
The substance-use, positive health practices, diet and eating habits, driving behaviours and preventive health care practices of 113 nurses living in the southeast of England were assessed by means of a postal questionnaire. Females were generally more compliant than males with most of the behaviours assessed. Females reported taking greater risks with driving behaviours by an occasional tendency to "drink and drive". Many males reported both a lack of knowledge of how to self-examine their testicles for signs of cancer and little compliance with this behaviour. This sample reported more smoking and alcohol use than previously reported samples of American nurses and U.K. norms. The nurses in this sample were more likely to avoid foods high in cholesterol, add fibre to their diet and be more vigilant in their driving behaviour than American nurses and British non-nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Callaghan
- Department of Nursing, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories
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