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Binyameen M, Khan MIR, Haque MNU, Tausif MA, Kok A, van Knegsel ATM, Tahir MZ. Effect of prepartum dietary energy sources on productive and reproductive performance in Nili Ravi buffaloes. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:88. [PMID: 36808487 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03510-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Feeding of dietary energy sources has been extensively studied in dairy cows but not well described in dairy buffaloes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of prepartum dietary energy sources on productive and reproductive performance in Nili Ravi buffaloes (n = 21). The buffaloes were offered isocaloric (1.55 Mcal/kg DM NEL (net energy for lactation)) glucogenic (GD), lipogenic (LD), and mixed diet (MD) during 63 days prepartum and maintained (1.27 Mcal/kg DM NEL) at lactation diet (LCD) during 14 weeks postpartum. Effects of dietary energy sources and week on animals were analyzed with the mixed model. The DMI, BCS, and body weights remained similar during the pre- and postpartum periods. The prepartum diets did not affect birth weight, blood metabolites, milk yield, and composition. The GD tended to early uterine involution, more follicle numbers, and early follicle formation. The prepartum feeding of dietary energy source had a similar effect on first estrus expression, days open, conception rate, pregnancy rate, and calving interval. So, it could be concluded that prepartum feeding of an isocaloric dietary energy source had a similar effect on the performance of buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Binyameen
- Buffalo Research Institute, Pattoki, District Kasur, 55300, Pakistan
| | - M I R Khan
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - M N U Haque
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - M A Tausif
- Livestock Experiment Station Bhunikey, Pattoki, District Kasur, 55300, Pakistan
| | - A Kok
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700, AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - A T M van Knegsel
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700, AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Z Tahir
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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Reproduction and Fertility of Buffaloes in Nepal. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010070. [PMID: 36611679 PMCID: PMC9817500 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Nepal contributes 57% of the total milk and 36% of the total meat production in the country. The productive efficiency of Nepalese buffaloes is quite low, due mainly to subfertility and infertility. Delayed puberty and prolonged inter-calving intervals, attributed mainly by anestrus due to silent cyclicity and ovarian acyclicity, are the major forms of infertility in Nepalese buffaloes. Moreover, buffaloes in Nepal show a distinct seasonal breeding pattern, with July to December as the active breeding season, and with April to June and January to March as the low and transitional breeding seasons, respectively. Endoparasitic infection and poor nutritional status, which are more severe during the low season, are found to be the major factors causing anestrus and compromising its treatment response in buffaloes. Various hormonal protocols for timed artificial insemination (TAI) have been attempted, with a varying pregnancy outcome. Recently, an integrated technique including anthelmintic treatment, nutritional supplementation and hormone-based fertility management programs for TAI has been developed and implemented successfully. A wider adoption of this technique as a package of practices could be key to improving the reproductive efficiency of buffaloes in Nepal.
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Galay RL, Llaneta CR, Monreal MKFB, Armero AL, Baluyut ABD, Regino CMF, Sandalo KAC, Divina BP, Talactac MR, Tapawan LP, Mojares MCL, Alvarez CR, Mago ER, Encarnacion ND, Andoh M, Tanaka T. Molecular Prevalence of Anaplasma marginale and Ehrlichia in Domestic Large Ruminants and Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus) microplus Ticks From Southern Luzon, Philippines. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:746705. [PMID: 34722706 PMCID: PMC8548686 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.746705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are tick-borne rickettsial diseases that cause significant economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide. Although bovine anaplasmosis is known to be endemic in the Philippines, epidemiological data is fragmented. Moreover, little is known about bovine ehrlichiosis in the country. In this study, the prevalence of Anaplasma marginale and Ehrlichia in cattle and water buffalo from provinces in the southern part of Luzon, Philippines, was investigated through PCR. Blood samples from 620 animals comprised of 512 cattle and 108 water buffalo and 195 tick samples were subjected to nested PCR targeting the groESL gene of Anaplasmataceae. Positive samples were further subjected to another nested PCR and conventional PCR to amplify the A. marginale groEL gene and the Ehrlichia dsbA gene, respectively. Selected A. marginale-positive samples were also subjected to nested PCR targeting the msp5 gene. Regardless of the animal host, the overall prevalence in blood samples obtained was 51.9% for Anaplasmataceae, 43% for A. marginale, and 1.1% for Ehrlichia. No water buffalo were positive for Ehrlichia. Meanwhile, 15.9, 6.7, and 2% of the tick samples, all morphologically identified as Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, were positive for Anaplasmataceae, A. marginale, and Ehrlichia, respectively. Sequence analysis of selected A. marginale msp5 amplicons showed that the isolates from the region share 94–98% identity to reported A. marginale from other countries. The phylogenetic tree showed clustering of isolates in the region and a close relationship with A. marginale isolates from other countries. Sequences of Ehrlichia amplicons from cattle and ticks were 97–100% similar to reported Ehrlichia minasensis isolates. This study showed the high prevalence of A. marginale in Luzon, Philippines, and provided the first molecular evidence of E. minasensis in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remil L Galay
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Carina R Llaneta
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Maria Karla Faye B Monreal
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Antero L Armero
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Arianne Bel D Baluyut
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Philippines.,Department of Agriculture Regional Field Office 3, San Fernando, Philippines
| | - Czarina Marie F Regino
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Kristina Andrea C Sandalo
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Billy P Divina
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Melbourne R Talactac
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Philippines
| | - Lennox P Tapawan
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Philippines
| | - Maarten Czar L Mojares
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Philippines
| | - Cherry R Alvarez
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Philippines
| | - Emmanuel R Mago
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Philippines
| | - Noemi D Encarnacion
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Philippines
| | - Masako Andoh
- Laboratory of Public Health, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanaka
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Chakraborty P, Singh T, Shivhare US, Basu S. Understanding the effect of milk composition and milking season on quality characteristics of chhana. J Texture Stud 2020; 52:45-56. [PMID: 32909288 PMCID: PMC7891405 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The quality characteristics of chhana varied due to the milk composition (cow‐, buffalo‐, and mixed‐ milk) which in turn was affected by the milking season (summer and winter). Upon heating and acidification of milk samples water holding phenomena and denatured protein association within and with other components lead to variation in both macroscale properties (color, texture, and rheology) and molecular bonding patterns (FTIR character). Yield, lightness (L* value), textural firmness, and elastic modulus of chhana increased with increasing proportion of buffalo milk in mixed milk due to higher total solids and less moisture content in both the seasons. Total protein, fat, water, and interaction between them and extent of hydrogen bonding significantly affected the rheological and textural properties of chhana samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purba Chakraborty
- Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tejvir Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uma Shanker Shivhare
- Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Santanu Basu
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Chakraborty P, Bhattacharya B, Shivhare U, Basu S. Investigation of heat‐acid induced coagulation behaviour of whole milk systems employing front‐face fluorescence spectroscopy. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Purba Chakraborty
- Dr. SS Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Bhaswati Bhattacharya
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Sonepat Haryana 131028 India
| | - Umashanker Shivhare
- Dr. SS Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Santanu Basu
- Department of Molecular Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 7015 Uppsala SE‐750 07 Sweden
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Zhang Y, Colli L, Barker JSF. Asian water buffalo: domestication, history and genetics. Anim Genet 2020; 51:177-191. [PMID: 31967365 DOI: 10.1111/age.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The domestic Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is found on all five continents, with a global population of some 202 million. The livelihoods of more people depend on this species than on any other domestic animal. The two distinct types (river and swamp) descended from different wild Asian water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) populations that diverged some 900 kyr BP and then evolved in separate geographical regions. After domestication in the western region of the Indian subcontinent (ca. 6300 years BP), the river buffalo spread west as far as Egypt, the Balkans and Italy. Conversely, after domestication in the China/Indochina border region ca. 3000-7000 years BP, swamp buffaloes dispersed through south-east Asia and China as far as the Yangtze River valley. Molecular and morphological evidence indicates that swamp buffalo populations have strong geographic genetic differentiation and a lack of gene flow, but strong phenotypic uniformity. In contrast, river buffalo populations show a weaker phylogeographic structure, but higher phenotypic diversity (i.e. many breeds). The recent availability of a high-quality reference genome and of a medium-density marker panel for genotyping has triggered a number of genome-wide investigations on diversity, evolutionary history, production traits and functional elements. The growing molecular knowledge combined with breeding programmes should pave the way to improvements in production, environmental adaptation and disease resistance in water buffalo populations worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of MOA, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - L Colli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti, BioDNA Centro di Ricerca sulla Biodiversità e sul DNA Antico, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - J S F Barker
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
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