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Fabová Z, Loncová B, Harrath AH, Sirotkin AV. Does the miR-105-1-Kisspeptin Axis Promote Ovarian Cell Functions? Reprod Sci 2024; 31:2293-2308. [PMID: 38632222 PMCID: PMC11289008 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01554-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to elucidate the intricate interplay among miR-105-1, kisspeptin, and their synergistic influence on basic ovarian granulosa cell functions. The effects of miR-105-1 mimics or miR-105-1 inhibitor, kisspeptin (0, 1, and 10 ng/ml), and its combinations with miR-105-1 mimics on porcine granulosa cells were assessed. The expression levels of miR-105-1, viability, proliferation (accumulation of PCNA, cyclin B1, XTT-, and BrdU-positive cells), apoptosis (accumulation of bcl-2, bax, caspase 3, p53, TUNEL-positive cells), proportion of kisspeptin-positive cells, and the release of steroid hormones and IGF-I were analyzed. Transfection of cells with miR-105-1 mimics promoted cell viability and proliferation, the occurrence of kisspeptin, and the release of progesterone and IGF-I; in contrast, miR-105-1 mimics inhibited apoptosis and estradiol output. MiR-105-1 inhibitor had the opposite effect. Kisspeptin amplified the expression of miR-105-1, cell viability, proliferation, steroid hormones, and IGF-I release and reduced apoptosis. Furthermore, the collaborative action of miR-105-1 mimics and kisspeptin revealed a synergistic relationship wherein miR-105-1 mimics predominantly supported the actions of kisspeptin, while kisspeptin exhibited a dual role in modulating the effects of miR-105-1 mimics. These findings not only affirm the pivotal role of kisspeptin in regulating basic ovarian cell functions but also represent the inaugural evidence underscoring the significance of miR-105-1 in this regulatory framework. Additionally, our results show the ability of kisspeptin to promote miR-105-1 expression and the ability of miR-105-1 to promote the occurrence and effects of kisspeptin and, therefore, indicate the existence of the self-stimulating kisspeptin-miR-105-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Fabová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Barbora Loncová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander V Sirotkin
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
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2
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Fabová Z, Loncová B, Harrath AH, Sirotkin AV. Involvement of circular RNAs in the control of porcine ovarian cell functions: Upregulation by ciR-00596 and downregulation by ciR-00646. Reprod Biol 2024; 24:100860. [PMID: 38762967 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2024.100860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The current understanding of the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in regulating ovarian functions is inadequate. To assess the impact of ciR-00596 and ciR-00646 on the regulation of basic porcine ovarian granulosa cell functions, we conducted upregulation (utilizing overexpressing vectors) and downregulation (utilizing shRNA vectors) of these circRNAs. The relative expression of both circRNAs, cell viability and proliferation (accumulation of PCNA, cyclin B1, and XTT-positive cells), cytoplasmic (accumulation of bax and caspase-3) and nuclear (DNA fragmentation) apoptosis, and the release of progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, IGF-I, and oxytocin were evaluated. Transfection of cells with the ciR-00596 overexpression vector resulted in increases in cell viability and proliferation and the release of progesterone and IGF-I, while it decreased the cytoplasmic and nuclear apoptosis, testosterone, estradiol, and oxytocin output. CiR-00596 inhibition had the opposite effects. The overexpression of ciR-00646 decreased cell viability and proliferation, and the release of progesterone, IGF-I, and oxytocin, while increasing cytoplasmic and nuclear apoptosis and the output of testosterone and estradiol. Our findings are the first to show the stimulatory action of ciR-00596 and the inhibitory effect of ciR-00646 on ovarian cell functions, including the cell cycle, apoptosis, and secretory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Fabová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Barbora Loncová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander V Sirotkin
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
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3
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Guo H, Tian Y, Wu X, Tu L, Liu J, Zheng Y, Huang R. Efficient assembly and anti-tumor evaluation of novel polycyclic [1,2-a]-fused indoles. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107289. [PMID: 38493636 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Structurally diverse cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles heterocycles were smoothly constructed in good to excellent yields (up to 99 %) with excellent diastereoselectivities (>19:1 dr) through a novel and facile strategy based on BF3-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation/Aldol/Dehydrative cyclization cascade reaction. The anti-proliferative activity of these newly synthesized polycyclic indoles was screened, and all the functionalized reductive derivatives exhibited favorable anti-tumor activity. Notably, compound 4ae displayed the remarkable inhibitory activity against MCF-7 and HeLa cells with IC50 values of 4.62 μM and 7.71 μM, respectively. Mechanistically, the representative compound 4ae could effectively induce apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in crediting to up-regulate the relative expression of apoptotic protein BAX/Bcl-2, subsequently activate Pro-caspase 9 and cleave PARP, simultaneously block the cell cycle through down- and up-regulate the expression of cyclin B1 and p53, respectively. Moreover, compound 4ae also exhibited promising antineoplastic efficacy in subcutaneous MCF-7 xenograft mice which manifest significant shrunken tumors conspicuous nuclear apoptotic signal and minimal systemic toxicity. This strategy not only established a novel and efficient method for the assembly of structurally complex indole heterocycles, but also provided a series of compounds possessing attractive anti-cancer activity, which holds immense potential for future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yuqi Tian
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xing Wu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Liang Tu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jikai Liu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Yongsheng Zheng
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Rong Huang
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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4
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Lederer AR, Leonardi M, Talamanca L, Herrera A, Droin C, Khven I, Carvalho HJF, Valente A, Mantes AD, Arabí PM, Pinello L, Naef F, Manno GL. Statistical inference with a manifold-constrained RNA velocity model uncovers cell cycle speed modulations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.18.576093. [PMID: 38328127 PMCID: PMC10849531 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.18.576093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Across a range of biological processes, cells undergo coordinated changes in gene expression, resulting in transcriptome dynamics that unfold within a low-dimensional manifold. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) only measures temporal snapshots of gene expression. However, information on the underlying low-dimensional dynamics can be extracted using RNA velocity, which models unspliced and spliced RNA abundances to estimate the rate of change of gene expression. Available RNA velocity algorithms can be fragile and rely on heuristics that lack statistical control. Moreover, the estimated vector field is not dynamically consistent with the traversed gene expression manifold. Here, we develop a generative model of RNA velocity and a Bayesian inference approach that solves these problems. Our model couples velocity field and manifold estimation in a reformulated, unified framework, so as to coherently identify the parameters of an autonomous dynamical system. Focusing on the cell cycle, we implemented VeloCycle to study gene regulation dynamics on one-dimensional periodic manifolds and validated using live-imaging its ability to infer actual cell cycle periods. We benchmarked RNA velocity inference with sensitivity analyses and demonstrated one- and multiple-sample testing. We also conducted Markov chain Monte Carlo inference on the model, uncovering key relationships between gene-specific kinetics and our gene-independent velocity estimate. Finally, we applied VeloCycle to in vivo samples and in vitro genome-wide Perturb-seq, revealing regionally-defined proliferation modes in neural progenitors and the effect of gene knockdowns on cell cycle speed. Ultimately, VeloCycle expands the scRNA-seq analysis toolkit with a modular and statistically rigorous RNA velocity inference framework.
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5
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Cavalcante IL, Silva Barros CCD, Colares DF, Cruz VMS, de Andrade BAB, Nonaka CFW, Rabenhorst SHB, Cavalcante RB. BubR1 and cyclin B1 immunoexpression in pleomorphic adenoma and polymorphous adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154961. [PMID: 38043194 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The immunoexpression of BubR1 and cyclin B1 in pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and polymorphic adenocarcinoma (PAC) in minor salivary glands is poorly studied. Thus, a retrospective and observational study was performed to provide a better understanding of the role and immunopositivity patterns of these proteins in these lesions. Sixteen cases of PA and 16 cases of PAC were selected. Parenchyma cells were submitted to quantitative immunohistochemical analysis through the labeling index. Cytoplasmic immunoexpression of BubR1 was observed in neoplastic cells from all analyzed PA and PAC cases. All PA cases and 93.7% of PAC exhibited nuclear immunoexpression of BubR1. Higher cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoexpression of BubR1 was observed in PAC (p = 0.001 and p = 0.122, respectively). Cytoplasmic immunoexpression of cyclin B1 was observed in all cases of PA and PAC, with a higher labeling index in the latter (p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between nuclear and cytoplasmic BubR1 immunoexpressions (p < 0.001) in PA and a significant negative correlation between BubR1 and cyclin B1 cytoplasmic immunoexpressions (p = 0.014) in PAC. The higher cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoexpression of BubR1 in PACs suggests the continuous maintenance of neoplastic cells in the cell cycle and migration. Higher immunoexpression of cyclin B1 supports this lesion's enhanced proliferative and migration ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Leal Cavalcante
- Oral Pathology Section, Department of Dentistry, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Caio César da Silva Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Oral Pathology and Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Débora Frota Colares
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Oral Pathology and Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Vitória Maria Sousa Cruz
- Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvia Helena Barem Rabenhorst
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Pinto B, Silva JPN, Silva PMA, Barbosa DJ, Sarmento B, Tavares JC, Bousbaa H. Maximizing Anticancer Response with MPS1 and CENPE Inhibition Alongside Apoptosis Induction. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:56. [PMID: 38258067 PMCID: PMC10818680 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimitotic compounds, targeting key spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) components (e.g., MPS1, Aurora kinase B, PLK1, KLP1, CENPE), are potential alternatives to microtubule-targeting antimitotic agents (e.g., paclitaxel) to circumvent resistance and side effects associated with their use. They can be classified into mitotic blockers, causing SAC-induced mitotic arrest, or mitotic drivers, pushing cells through aberrant mitosis by overriding SAC. These drugs, although advancing to clinical trials, exhibit unsatisfactory cancer treatment outcomes as monotherapy, probably due to variable cell fate responses driven by cyclin B degradation and apoptosis signal accumulation networks. We investigated the impact of inhibiting anti-apoptotic signals with the BH3-mimetic navitoclax in lung cancer cells treated with the selective CENPE inhibitor GSK923295 (mitotic blocker) or the MPS1 inhibitor BAY1217389 (mitotic driver). Our aim was to steer treated cancer cells towards cell death. BH3-mimetics, in combination with both mitotic blockers and drivers, induced substantial cell death, mainly through apoptosis, in 2D and 3D cultures. Crucially, these synergistic concentrations were less toxic to non-tumor cells. This highlights the significance of combining BH3-mimetics with antimitotics, either blockers or drivers, which have reached the clinical trial phase, to enhance their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Pinto
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (B.P.); (J.P.N.S.)
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - João P. N. Silva
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (B.P.); (J.P.N.S.)
| | - Patrícia M. A. Silva
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (B.P.); (J.P.N.S.)
- 1H-TOXRUN—One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal;
| | - Daniel José Barbosa
- 1H-TOXRUN—One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal;
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- INEB—Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - Juliana Carvalho Tavares
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (B.P.); (J.P.N.S.)
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7
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Kumar A, Thirumurugan K. Understanding cellular senescence: pathways involved, therapeutics and longevity aiding. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2324-2345. [PMID: 38031713 PMCID: PMC10730163 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2287929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A normal somatic cell undergoes cycles of finite cellular divisions. The presence of surveillance checkpoints arrests cell division in response to stress inducers: oxidative stress from excess free radicals, oncogene-induced abnormalities, genotoxic stress, and telomere attrition. When facing such stress when undergoing these damages, there is a brief pause in the cell cycle to enable repair mechanisms. Also, the nature of stress determines whether the cell goes for repair or permanent arrest. As the cells experience transient or permanent stress, they subsequently choose the quiescence or senescence stage, respectively. Quiescence is an essential stage that allows the arrested/damaged cells to go through appropriate repair mechanisms and then revert to the mainstream cell cycle. However, senescent cells are irreversible and accumulate with age, resulting in inflammation and various age-related disorders. In this review, we focus on senescence-associated pathways and therapeutics understanding cellular senescence as a cascade that leads to aging, while discussing the recent details on the molecular pathways involved in regulating senescence and the benefits of therapeutic strategies against accumulated senescent cells and their secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Kavitha Thirumurugan
- Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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8
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Fabová Z, Kislíková Z, Loncová B, Bauer M, Harrath AH, Sirotkin AV. MicroRNA miR-152 can support ovarian granulosa cell functions and modify apigenin actions. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2023; 84-85:106805. [PMID: 37354873 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the involvement of apigenin, microRNA (miR)-152, and their interrelationships in the control of basic ovarian granulosa cell functions. The effects of apigenin (0, 10, and 100 µg/mL), miR-152 analogues or miR-152 inhibitor, and their combinations with apigenin on porcine granulosa cells were examined. Expression levels of miR-152, viability, proliferation, apoptosis, steroid hormones, IGF-I, oxytocin, and prostaglandin E2 release were analyzed. Apigenin increased the expression of miR-152, cell proliferation, and estradiol release and reduced apoptosis, progesterone, and IGF-I output. MicroRNA-152 analogues promoted cell viability and proliferation, as well as the release of progesterone, IGF-I, oxytocin, and prostaglandin E2; however, it inhibited apoptosis and estradiol output. miR-152 inhibitor had the opposite effect. Moreover, miR-152 analogues suppressed the effect of apigenin on cell apoptosis and estradiol release. These observations 1) confirm the involvement of apigenin in the control of basic ovarian cell functions; 2) are the first demonstration of importance of miR-152 in the control of these functions; 3) show the ability of apigenin to promote miR-152 expression and the ability of miR-152 to modify apigenin effects on ovarian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Fabová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Z Kislíková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - B Loncová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - M Bauer
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia; NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia
| | - A H Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - A V Sirotkin
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
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9
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Liu VP, Li WM, Lofroth J, Zeb M, Patrick BO, Bott TM, Lee CH. A specific dispiropiperazine derivative that arrests cell cycle, induces apoptosis, necrosis and DNA damage. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8674. [PMID: 37248333 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dispiropiperazine compounds are a class of molecules known to confer biological activity, but those that have been studied as cell cycle regulators are few in number. Here, we report the characterization and synthesis of two dispiropiperazine derivatives: the previously synthesized spiro[2',3]-bis(acenaphthene-1'-one)perhydrodipyrrolo-[1,2-a:1,2-d]-pyrazine (SPOPP-3, 1), and its previously undescribed isomer, spiro[2',5']-bis(acenaphthene-1'-one)perhydrodipyrrolo-[1,2-a:1,2-d]-pyrazine (SPOPP-5, 2). SPOPP-3 (1), but not SPOPP-5 (2), was shown to have anti-proliferative activity against a panel of 18 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.63 to 13 µM. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that SPOPP-3 (1) was able to arrest cell cycle at the G2/M phase in SW480 human cancer cells. Western blot analysis further confirmed the cell cycle arrest is in the M phase. In addition, SPOPP-3 (1) was shown to induce apoptosis, necrosis, and DNA damage as well as disrupt mitotic spindle positioning in SW480 cells. These results warrant further investigation of SPOPP-3 (1) as a novel anti-cancer agent, particularly for its potential ability to sensitize cancer cells for radiation-induced cell death, enhance cancer immunotherapy, overcome apoptosis-related drug resistance and for possible use in synthetic lethality cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Wai-Ming Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Jack Lofroth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Mehreen Zeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Tina M Bott
- Department of Physical Sciences, MacEwan University, 10700-104 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Chow H Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada.
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Loncová B, Fabová Z, Sirotkin AV. Role of kisspeptin-10 and betacellulin in control of feline ovarian cell functions. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100762. [PMID: 37058773 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The action of betacellulin (BTC) on basic ovarian cell functions and interrelationships with kisspeptin (KISS) was investigated. For this purpose, we examined (1) the effect of the addition of BTC (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/ml) given alone or in combination with KISS (10 ng/ml) on cultured feline ovarian fragments or granulosa cells. Viability, proliferation (accumulation of cyclin B1) and apoptosis (accumulation of bax), and the release of steroid hormones (progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol) were analyzed by using the Trypan blue exclusion test, quantitative immunocytochemistry, and ELISA. The addition of KISS alone increased proliferation, apoptosis, progesterone, estradiol release, and decreased testosterone but did not affect viability. The addition of BTC alone decreased cell proliferation, apoptosis, progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol release but did not influence viability. Furthermore, BTC mainly inhibited the stimulatory action of KISS on feline ovarian functions. The findings of our study suggest the effects of KISS on basic ovarian functions. We also observed the influence of BTC on these functions and its ability to modify the effects of KISS on these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Loncová
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Fabová
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alexander V Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia
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11
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Fabová Z, Loncová B, Bauer M, Sirotkin AV. Involvement of microRNA miR-125b in the control of porcine ovarian cell functions. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 334:114215. [PMID: 36669691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The existing knowledge of the involvement of miR-125b in the control of ovarian functions is insufficient. To evaluate the role of miR-125b in the control of basic porcine ovarian granulosa cell functions, we examined the upregulation (using miR-125b mimics) and downregulation (using miR-125b inhibitor) of this miR-125b. Expression levels of miR-125b, viability, proliferation (expression and accumulation of PCNA and cyclin B1), the proportion of proliferative active cells, apoptosis (expression and accumulation of bax and caspase 3), the proportion of cells containing DNA fragmentation, steroid hormones, IGF-I, oxytocin, and prostaglandin E2 release were analysed by RT-qPCR, Trypan blue exclusion test, quantitative immunocytochemistry, XTT and TUNEL assays, and ELISA. Transfection of cells with miR-125b mimics decreased cell viability, proliferation, and the release of progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, and oxytocin, but stimulated apoptosis and prostaglandin E2 output. Transfection of cells with miR-125b inhibitor had the opposite effect. Moreover, it prevented the effects of miR-125b mimics. Our observations suggest that miR-125b is a potent physiological inhibitor of granulosa ovarian cell functions - cell cycle, apoptosis, and secretory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Fabová
- Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Barbora Loncová
- Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Bauer
- Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia; NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia
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12
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Loncová B, Fabová Z, Mlynček M, Sirotkin AV. Assessment of Epiregulin Effect and its Combination with Gonadotropins on Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Secretory Activity by Human Ovarian Cells. Reprod Sci 2023:10.1007/s43032-023-01205-z. [PMID: 36881337 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The release of epidermal growth factor ligand epiregulin (EREG) by human ovarian granulosa cells, its direct action on basic ovarian cell functions, and interrelationships with gonadotropins were investigated. We examined (1) the ovarian production of EREG (the time-dependent accumulation of EREG in the medium incubated with human ovarian granulosa cells, and (2) the effect of the addition of EREG (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng.ml-1) given alone or in combination with FSH or LH (100 ng.ml-1) on basic granulosa cells functions. Viability, proliferation (accumulation of PCNA and cyclin B1) and apoptosis (accumulation of bax and caspase 3), the release of steroid hormones (progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were analyzed by using the Trypan blue exclusion test, quantitative immunocytochemistry, and ELISA. A significant time-dependent accumulation of EREG in a medium cultured with human granulosa cells with a peak at 3 and 4 days was observed. The addition of EREG alone increased cell viability, proliferation, progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol release, decreased apoptosis, bud did not affect PGE2 release. The addition of either FSH or LH alone increased cell viability, proliferation, progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, and PGE2 release and decreased apoptosis. Furthermore, both FSH and LH mostly promoted the stimulatory action of EREG on granulosa cell functions. These results demonstrated, that EREG produced by ovarian cells can be an autocrine/paracrine stimulator of human ovarian cell functions. Furthermore, they demonstrate the functional interrelationship between EREG and gonadotropins in the control of ovarian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Loncová
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Fabová
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miloš Mlynček
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alexander V Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia
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13
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Zhang L, Yu F, Xia J. Trimethylamine N-oxide: role in cell senescence and age-related diseases. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:525-541. [PMID: 36219234 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hayflick and Moorhead first demonstrated cell senescence as the irreversible growth arrest of cells after prolonged cultivation. Telomere shortening and oxidative stress are the fundamental mechanisms that drive cell senescence. Increasing studies have shown that TMAO is closely associated with cellular aging and age-related diseases. An emerging body of evidence from animal models, especially mice, has identified that TMAO contributes to senescence from multiple pathways and appears to accelerate many neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. However, the specific mechanism of how TMAO speeds aging is still not completely clear. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this review, we summarize some key findings in TMAO, cell senescence, and age-related diseases. We focused particular attention on the potential mechanisms for clinical transformation to find ways to interfere with the aging process. CONCLUSION TMAO can accelerate cell senescence by causing mitochondrial damage, superoxide formation, and promoting the generation of pro-inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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14
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Fabová Z, Loncová B, Sirotkin AV. MicroRNA miR-125b can suppress ovarian granulosa cell functions: Interrelationships with FSH. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:177-188. [PMID: 36575629 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the involvement of miR-125b and its interrelationship with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the control of basic ovarian granulosa cell functions. The effect of miR-125b mimics on basic functions of porcine ovarian granulosa cells cultured with and without FSH, and the effect of FSH on the expression of endogenous miR-125b was examined. Expression levels of miR-125b, viability, proliferation (accumulation of PCNA and cyclin B1), apoptosis (accumulation of bax and caspase 3), the accumulation of FSH receptors (FSHR), steroid hormones, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), oxytocin, and prostaglandin E2 release were analysed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Trypan blue exclusion test, quantitative immunocytochemistry, and ELISA. Transfection of cells with miR-125b mimics inhibited cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, the occurrence of FSHR, progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, and oxytocin release but stimulated prostaglandin E2 output. FSH promoted cell viability, proliferation, steroid hormones, IGF-I, oxytocin, and prostaglandin E2 output and reduced the expression of miR-125b and apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-125b mimics supported the effect of FSH on the release of estradiol, IGF-I, and prostaglandin E2, and inverted FSH influence on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, progesterone, and testosterone output. FSH supported both inhibitory and stimulatory action of miR-125b on ovarian cell functions. Present observations indicate that: miR-125b can be involved in the control of basic ovarian functions and that miR-125b and FSH are antagonists in their actions on ovarian cell functions. The ability of FSH to reduce miR-125b expression and the ability of miR-125b mimics to decrease the occurrence of FSHR and to modify FSH effects indicate the existence of the self-inhibiting FSH-miR-125b axis and that miR-125b can mediate the actions of FSH on ovarian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Fabová
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Loncová
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alexander V Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
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15
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Manna S, Mc Elwain CJ, Maher GM, Giralt Martín M, Musumeci A, McCarthy FP, McCarthy C. Heterogenous Differences in Cellular Senescent Phenotypes in Pre-Eclampsia and IUGR following Quantitative Assessment of Multiple Biomarkers of Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043101. [PMID: 36834513 PMCID: PMC9963163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature ageing of the placenta in pregnancy outcomes is associated with the persistent presence of oxidative stress and placental insufficiency reducing its functional capacity. In this study, we investigated cellular senescence phenotypes of pre-eclampsia and IUGR pregnancies by simultaneously measuring several biomarkers of senescence. Maternal plasma and placental samples were collected at term gestation from nulliparous women undergoing pre-labour elective caesarean section with pre-eclampsia without intrauterine growth restriction (PE; n = 5), pre-eclampsia associated with intrauterine growth restriction (n = 8), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR < 10th centile; n = 6), and age-matched controls (n = 20). Placental absolute telomere length and senescence gene analysis was performed by RTqPCR. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p21 and p16) was determined by Western blot. Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) were evaluated in maternal plasma by multiplex ELISA assay. Placental expression of senescence-associated genes showed significant increases in CHEK1, PCNA, PTEN, CDKN2A, and CCNB-1 (p < 0.05) in pre-eclampsia, while TBX-2, PCNA, ATM, and CCNB-1 expression were evident (p < 0.05) and were significantly decreased in IUGR compared with controls. Placental p16 protein expression was significantly decreased in pre-eclampsia only compared with controls (p = 0.028). IL-6 was significantly increased in pre-eclampsia (0.54 pg/mL ± 0.271 vs. 0.3 pg/mL ± 0.102; p = 0.017) while IFN-γ was significantly increased in IUGR (4.6 pg/mL ± 2.2 vs. 2.17 pg/mL ± 0.8; p = 0.002) compared with controls. These results provide evidence of premature senescence in IUGR pregnancies, and while cell cycle checkpoint regulators are activated in pre-eclampsia, the cellular phenotype is one of cell repair and subsequent proliferation rather than progression to senescence. The heterogeneity of these cellular phenotypes highlights the complexity of characterising cellular senescence and may equally be indicative of the differing pathophysiological insults unique to each obstetric complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samprikta Manna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, T12 YE02 Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Colm J. Mc Elwain
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Gillian M. Maher
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- School of Public Health, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Marta Giralt Martín
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Andrea Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus P. McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, T12 YE02 Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| | - Cathal McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
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16
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Zhang L, Xia J. N6-Methyladenosine Methylation of mRNA in Cell Senescence. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:27-36. [PMID: 34767142 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell senescence is the growth arrest caused by the accumulation of irreparable cell damage, which is involved in physiological and pathological processes and regulated by the post-transcriptional level. This regulation is performed by transcriptional regulators and driven by aging-related small RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and RNA-binding proteins. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common chemical modification in eukaryotic mRNA, which can enhance or reduce the binding of transcriptional regulators. Increasing studies have confirmed the crucial role of m6A in controlling mRNA in various physiological processes. Remarkably, recent reports have indicated that abnormal methylation of m6A-related RNA may affect cell senescence. In this review, we clarified the association between m6A modification and cell senescence and analyzed the limitations of the current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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17
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Fabová Z, Loncová B, Bauer M, Sirotkin AV. Interrelationships Between miR-34a and FSH in the Control of Porcine Ovarian Cell Functions. Reprod Sci 2022; 30:1789-1807. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Liu JC, Zhang CL, Dong KY, Li MJ, Sun SG, Li CR. Advances in the research of plant-derived natural products against retinoblastoma. Int J Ophthalmol 2022; 15:1391-1400. [PMID: 36017045 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2022.08.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a highly aggressive ocular tumor, and due to socioeconomic and medical constraints, many children receive treatment only in the metaphase and advanced clinical stages, resulting in high rates of blindness and disability. Although several approaches exist in the treatment of RB, some children with the disease do not have satisfactory results because of various factors. Plant-derived natural products have shown definite therapeutic effects in the treatment of various tumors and are also widely used in the study of RB. We review plant-derived natural products used in the study of anti-RB to provide ideas for the clinical application of these drugs and the development of new therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Chen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330003, Jiangxi Province, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kai-Ye Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ming-Jun Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shu-Guang Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China.,Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Cai-Rui Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
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19
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Mladenov E, Paul-Konietzko K, Mladenova V, Stuschke M, Iliakis G. Increased Gene Targeting in Hyper-Recombinogenic LymphoBlastoid Cell Lines Leaves Unchanged DSB Processing by Homologous Recombination. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9180. [PMID: 36012445 PMCID: PMC9409177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the cells of higher eukaryotes, sophisticated mechanisms have evolved to repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Classical nonhomologous end joining (c-NHEJ), homologous recombination (HR), alternative end joining (alt-EJ) and single-strand annealing (SSA) exploit distinct principles to repair DSBs throughout the cell cycle, resulting in repair outcomes of different fidelity. In addition to their functions in DSB repair, the same repair pathways determine how cells integrate foreign DNA or rearrange their genetic information. As a consequence, random integration of DNA fragments is dominant in somatic cells of higher eukaryotes and suppresses integration events at homologous genomic locations, leading to very low gene-targeting efficiencies. However, this response is not universal, and embryonic stem cells display increased targeting efficiency. Additionally, lymphoblastic chicken and human cell lines DT40 and NALM6 show up to a 1000-fold increased gene-targeting efficiency that is successfully harnessed to generate knockouts for a large number of genes. We inquired whether the increased gene-targeting efficiency of DT40 and NALM6 cells is linked to increased rates of HR-mediated DSB repair after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). We analyzed IR-induced γ-H2AX foci as a marker for the total number of DSBs induced in a cell and RAD51 foci as a marker for the fraction of those DSBs undergoing repair by HR. We also evaluated RPA accretion on chromatin as evidence for ongoing DNA end resection, an important initial step for all pathways of DSB repair except c-NHEJ. We finally employed the DR-GFP reporter assay to evaluate DSB repair by HR in DT40 cells. Collectively, the results obtained, unexpectedly show that DT40 and NALM6 cells utilized HR for DSB repair at levels very similar to those of other somatic cells. These observations uncouple gene-targeting efficiency from HR contribution to DSB repair and suggest the function of additional mechanisms increasing gene-targeting efficiency. Indeed, our results show that analysis of the contribution of HR to DSB repair may not be used as a proxy for gene-targeting efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Mladenov
- Division of Experimental Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Katja Paul-Konietzko
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Veronika Mladenova
- Division of Experimental Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Stuschke
- Division of Experimental Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - George Iliakis
- Division of Experimental Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
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20
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Targeting tumor cell senescence and polyploidy as potential therapeutic strategies. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 81:37-47. [PMID: 33358748 PMCID: PMC8214633 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is a unique state of growth arrest that develops in response to a plethora of cellular stresses, including replicative exhaustion, oxidative injury, and genotoxic insults. Senescence has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple aging-related pathologies, including cancer. In cancer, senescence plays a dual role, initially acting as a barrier against tumor progression by enforcing a durable growth arrest in premalignant cells, but potentially promoting malignant transformation in neighboring cells through the secretion of pro-tumorigenic drivers. Moreover, senescence is induced in tumor cells upon exposure to a wide variety of conventional and targeted anticancer drugs (termed Therapy-Induced Senescence-TIS), representing a critical contributing factor to therapeutic outcomes. As with replicative or oxidative senescence, TIS manifests as a complex phenotype of macromolecular damage, energetic dysregulation, and altered gene expression. Senescent cells are also frequently polyploid. In vitro studies have suggested that polyploidy may confer upon senescent tumor cells the ability to escape from growth arrest, thereby providing an additional avenue whereby tumor cells escape the lethality of anticancer treatment. Polyploidy in tumor cells is also associated with persistent energy production, chromatin remodeling, self-renewal, stemness and drug resistance - features that are also associated with escape from senescence and conversion to a more malignant phenotype. However, senescent cells are highly heterogenous and can present with variable phenotypes, where polyploidy is one component of a complex reversion process. Lastly, emerging efforts to pharmacologically target polyploid tumor cells might pave the way towards the identification of novel targets for the elimination of senescent tumor cells by the incorporation of senolytic agents into cancer therapeutic strategies.
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21
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Nutrition Interventions of Herbal Compounds on Cellular Senescence. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1059257. [PMID: 35528514 PMCID: PMC9068308 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1059257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
When cells undergo large-scale senescence, organ aging ensues, resulting in irreversible organ pathology and organismal aging. The study of senescence in cells provides an important avenue to understand the factors that influence aging and can be used as one of the useful tools for examining age-related human diseases. At present, many herbal compounds have shown effects on delaying cell senescence. This review summarizes the main characteristics and mechanisms of cell senescence, age-related diseases, and the recent progress on the natural products targeting cellular senescence, with the aim of providing insights to aid the clinical management of age-related diseases.
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22
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Qin X, Chen X, Guo L, Liu J, Yang Y, Zeng Y, Li C, Liu W, Ma W. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and autophagy in chronic myeloid leukemia cells through MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:100. [PMID: 35387632 PMCID: PMC8988348 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative tumor originating from hematopoietic stem cells, and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has become a major cause of treatment failure. Alternative drug therapy is one of the important ways to overcome TKI resistance. Hinokiflavone (HF) is a C-O-C type biflavonoid with low toxicity and antitumor activity. This study investigated the antitumor effect and possible mechanisms of HF in CML cells. Methods Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to assess protein expression levels. Results Our results showed that HF significantly inhibited the viability of K562 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and induced G2/M phase arrest by up-regulating p21 and down-regulating Cdc2 protein. Furthermore, HF induced caspase-dependent apoptosis by activating JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway and inhibiting NF-κB activity. In addition, HF induced autophagy by increasing LC3-II expression and p62 degradation. Pretreatment with CQ, a late autophagy inhibitor, significantly increased the levels of LC3-II and p62 proteins and promoted cell survival. Conclusion HF shows a good anti-leukemia effect and is expected to become a potential therapeutic drug for CML. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03580-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - You Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenzhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.
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23
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GM-CSF Protects Macrophages from DNA Damage by Inducing Differentiation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060935. [PMID: 35326386 PMCID: PMC8946476 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
At inflammatory loci, pro-inflammatory activation of macrophages produces large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induce DNA breaks and apoptosis. Given that M-CSF and GM-CSF induce two different pathways in macrophages, one for proliferation and the other for survival, in this study we wanted to determine if these growth factors are able to protect against the DNA damage produced during macrophage activation. In macrophages treated with DNA-damaging agents we found that GM-CSF protects better against DNA damage than M-CSF. Treatment with GM-CSF resulted in faster recovery of DNA damage than treatment with M-CSF. The number of apoptotic cells induced after DNA damage was higher in the presence of M-CSF. Protection against DNA damage by GM-CSF is not related to its higher capacity to induce proliferation. GM-CSF induces differentiation markers such as CD11c and MHCII, as well as the pro-survival Bcl-2A1 protein, which make macrophages more resistant to DNA damage.
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24
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Parvin S, Sedighian H, Sohrabi E, Mahboobi M, Rezaei M, Ghasemi D, Rezaei E. Prediction of Genes Involved in Lung Cancer with a Systems Biology Approach Based on Comprehensive Gene Information. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:1253-1273. [PMID: 34855070 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, hundreds of genes have been reported in relation to lung cancer. Systems biology studies can help validate this association and find the most valid genes to use in the diagnosis and treatment. We reviewed the candidate genes for lung cancer in 120 published articles from September 1, 1993, to September 1, 2020. We obtained 134 up- and 36 downregulated genes for lung cancer in this article. The genes extracted from the articles were imported to Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting genes/proteins (STRING) to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) Network and pathway enrichment. GO ontology and Reactome databases were used for describing the genes, average length of survival, and constructing networks. Then, the ClusterONE plugin of Cytoscape software was used to analyze and cluster networks. Hubs and bottleneck nodes were defined based on their degree and betweenness. Common genes between the ClusterONE plugin and network analysis consisted of seven genes (BRCA1-TP53-CASP3-PLK1-VEGFA-MDM2-CCNB1 and PLK1), and two genes (PLK1 and TYMS) were selected as survival factors. Our drug-gene network showed that CASP3, BRCA1, TP53, VEGFA, and MDM2 are common genes that are involved in this network. Also, among the drugs recognized in the drug-gene network, five drugs such as paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, irinotecan, and cisplatin were examined in different studies. It seems that these seven genes, with further studies and confirmatory tests, could be potential markers for lung cancer, especially PLK1 that has a significant effect on the survival of patients. We provide the novel genes into the pathogenesis of lung cancer, and we introduced new potential biomarkers for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Parvin
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Systems Biomedicine Unit, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sohrabi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mahboobi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Rezaei
- Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Brujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Brujerd, Iran
| | - Dariush Ghasemi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Rezaei
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran.
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Gui S, Chen P, Liu Y, Chen Q, Cheng T, Lv S, Zhou T, Song Z, Xiao J, He W, Yuan S, Cheng Z. TUBA1C expression promotes proliferation by regulating the cell cycle and indicates poor prognosis in glioma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 577:130-138. [PMID: 34517210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the major type of primary brain tumors. Accumulating research has demonstrated that tubulin is connected with the development and malignant progression of tumors. TUBA1C is a subtype of α-tubulin and is linked to prognosis in multiple cancers. In this study, the prognosis-related gene TUBA1C in glioma was identified and analyzed by bioinformatic approaches such as Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival time analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and functional enrichment analysis. Based on the above analyses, we found that glioma tissues had significantly higher expression of TUBA1C than normal brain tissues, and high expression of TUBA1C has worse prognosis in glioma. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed the signaling pathways related to the cell cycle. Furthermore, knockdown of TUBA1C also inhibited proliferation and migration and caused apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in glioma cells. This study demonstrated that high TUBA1C expression correlated with poor outcomes in glioma patients and that knocking down TUBA1C suppressed glioma cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest. In addition, TUBA1C might be a therapeutic biomarker for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikai Gui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China; Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Qiaorong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Tianxiang Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Shulong Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Zhen Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Juexian Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210000, China
| | - Zujue Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China; Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China.
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26
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Si T, Huang Z, Jiang Y, Walker-Jacobs A, Gill S, Hegarty R, Hamza M, Khorsandi SE, Jassem W, Heaton N, Ma Y. Expression Levels of Three Key Genes CCNB1, CDC20, and CENPF in HCC Are Associated With Antitumor Immunity. Front Oncol 2021; 11:738841. [PMID: 34660300 PMCID: PMC8515852 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.738841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer with a low 5-year survival rate. The heterogeneity of HCC makes monotherapy unlikely. The development of diagnostic programs and new treatments targeting common genetic events in the carcinogenic process are providing further insights into the management of HCC. The aim of this study was firstly to validate key genes that are involved in promoting HCC development and as biomarkers for early diagnosis and, secondly, to define their links with antitumor immunity including inhibitory checkpoints. Methods Multiple databases including Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan-Meier Plotter, UALCAN, and Oncomine were used for target gene screening and establishment of a co-expression network. Clinical data and RNAseq of 367 HCC patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The diagnostic and prognostic value of screened genes were tested by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and correlation analysis. The links with the key genes in HCC and antitumor immunity were defined using both blood and liver tissue collected prospectively from HCC patients in our center. Results Upregulation of CCNB1, CDC20, and CENPF was commonly observed in HCC and are involved in the p53 signal pathway. The hepatic mRNA expression levels of these three genes were strongly associated with patients' prognosis and expressed high value of area under the ROC curve (AUC). Further analysis revealed that these three genes were positively correlated with the gene expression levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17 in peripheral blood. In addition, the expression of CENPF showed positive correlation with the percentage of CD8pos T cells and negative correlation with the percentage of CD4pos T cells in the peripheral blood. In the HCC microenvironment, the transcript levels of these three genes and inhibitory checkpoint molecules including PD-1, CTLA-4, and TIM-3 were positively correlated. Conclusion The upregulation of CCNB1, CDC20, and CENPF genes was a common event in hepatocarcinogenesis. Expression levels of CCNB1, CDC20, and CENPF showed potential for early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis in HCC patients. There is a close association between three genes and Th1/Th17 cytokines as well as the count of CD4pos and CD8pos T cells. The positive correlation between the three genes and inhibitory checkpoint genes, PD-1, CTLA-4, and TIM-3, indicates that these genes are linked with weakened antitumor immunity in HCC. Our findings may provide further insights into developing novel therapies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Si
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanhang Jiang
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Walker-Jacobs
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shaqira Gill
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Hegarty
- Pediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Centre, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Hamza
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shirin Elizabeth Khorsandi
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Transplant Service, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wayel Jassem
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Transplant Service, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Heaton
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Transplant Service, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yun Ma
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Wang X, Lu J, Li J, Liu Y, Guo G, Huang Q. CYT387, a potent IKBKE inhibitor, suppresses human glioblastoma progression by activating the Hippo pathway. J Transl Med 2021; 19:396. [PMID: 34544426 PMCID: PMC8454155 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have showed that IKBKE is overexpressed in several kinds of cancers and that IKBKE-knockdown inhibits tumor progression. In this article, we first verified that two glioblastoma cell lines, U87-MG and LN-229, were sensitive to CYT387 by measuring the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) with a CCK-8 assay and then demonstrated that CYT387, as a potent IKBKE inhibitor, suppressed glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Additionally, CYT387 induced cell apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M checkpoint in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that CYT387 did not simply inhibit IKBKE activity but also decreased IKBKE expression at the protein level rather than at the mRNA level. We discovered that CYT387 restrained malignant tumor progression by activating the Hippo pathway in vitro. By coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP), we showed that IKBKE interacted with TEAD2 and YAP1, thus accelerating TEAD2 and YAP1 transport into the nucleus. In subsequent in vivo experiments, we found that CYT387 inhibited subcutaneous nude mouse tumor growth but had little impact on intracranial orthotopic xenografts, probably due to a limited ability to penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB). These results suggest that CYT387 has potential as a new antiglioblastoma drug, but an approach to allow passage through the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gaochao Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China. .,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Liu L, Xu J, Zhai Z, Cao M, Huang Z, Xing Y, Chen J. O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) diazeniumdiolate derivative induces G2/M arrest via PTEN-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1330-1339. [PMID: 34190329 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to investigate whether G2/M arrest caused by O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) diazeniumdiolate derivative (JS-K) was related to PTEN-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. METHODS The cell apoptosis was detected by DAPI staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining. The cell cycle was analysed by PI staining. The expressions of cell cycle-related proteins, PTEN and PI3K/AKT pathway were measured by Western blot. The rat model of primary hepatic carcinoma was established with diethylnitrosamine to verify the antitumour effects of JS-K. KEY FINDINGS The morphological features of apoptosis were obviously reversed when the cells were pre-treated with bpv(pic), followed by treatment with JS-K. JS-K mediated G2/M arrest and down-regulated expressions of cyclin B1. Meanwhile, it up-regulated the expression of p-Cdk1, p-Chk2 and p-CDC25C while down-regulated that of Cdk1 and CDC25C. Furthermore, JS-K also enhanced the expressions of p21 and p27, PTEN and p53 while decreased the expressions of p-PTEN, PI3K and p-AKT. However, bpv(pic) and Carboxy-PTIO could reverse JS-K-induced G2/M cell arrest and PTEN-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway. The same results were also testified in the rat model of primary hepatic carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS JS-K caused G2/M arrest through PTEN-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway involving Chk2/CDC25C/Cdk1 checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jinglei Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ziyu Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengyao Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zile Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yihao Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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29
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Yamaguchi N. [Novel Tyrosine Phosphorylation Signals in the Nucleus and on Mitotic Spindle Fibers and Lysosomes Revealed by Strong Inhibition of Tyrosine Dephosphorylation]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:927-947. [PMID: 34193653 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein-tyrosine phosphorylation is one of the posttranslational modifications and plays critical roles in regulating a wide variety of cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, survival, and apoptosis. Protein-tyrosine phosphorylation is reversibly regulated by protein-tyrosine kinases and protein-tyrosine phosphatases. Strong inhibition of protein-tyrosine phosphatase activities is required to undoubtedly detect tyrosine phosphorylation. Our extremely careful usage of Na3VO4, a potent protein-tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, has revealed not only the different intracellular trafficking pathways of Src-family tyrosine kinase members but also novel tyrosine phosphorylation signals in the nucleus and on mitotic spindle fibers and lysosomes. Furthermore, despite that the first identified oncogene product v-Src is generally believed to induce transformation through continuous stimulation of proliferation signaling by its strong tyrosine kinase activity, v-Src-driven transformation was found to be caused not by continuous proliferation signaling but by v-Src tyrosine kinase activity-dependent stochastic genome alterations. Here, I summarize our findings regarding novel tyrosine phosphorylation signaling in a spatiotemporal sense and highlight the significance of the roles of tyrosine phosphorylation in transcriptional regulation inside the nucleus and chromosome dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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30
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Lu XQ, Zhang JQ, Zhang SX, Qiao J, Qiu MT, Liu XR, Chen XX, Gao C, Zhang HH. Identification of novel hub genes associated with gastric cancer using integrated bioinformatics analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:697. [PMID: 34126961 PMCID: PMC8201699 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common solid malignant tumors worldwide with a high-recurrence-rate. Identifying the molecular signatures and specific biomarkers of GC might provide novel clues for GC prognosis and targeted therapy. Methods Gene expression profiles were obtained from the ArrayExpress and Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were picked out by R software. The hub genes were screened by cytohubba plugin. Their prognostic values were assessed by Kaplan–Meier survival analyses and the gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA). Finally, qRT-PCR in GC tissue samples was established to validate these DEGs. Results Total of 295 DEGs were identified between GC and their corresponding normal adjacent tissue samples in E-MTAB-1440, GSE79973, GSE19826, GSE13911, GSE27342, GSE33335 and GSE56807 datasets, including 117 up-regulated and 178 down-regulated genes. Among them, 7 vital upregulated genes (HMMR, SPP1, FN1, CCNB1, CXCL8, MAD2L1 and CCNA2) were selected. Most of them had a significantly worse prognosis except SPP1. Using qRT-PCR, we validated that their transcriptions in our GC tumor tissue were upregulated except SPP1 and FN1, which correlated with tumor relapse and predicts poorer prognosis in GC patients. Conclusions We have identified 5 upregulated DEGs (HMMR, CCNB1, CXCL8, MAD2L1, and CCNA2) in GC patients with poor prognosis using integrated bioinformatical methods, which could be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GC treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08358-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jia-Qian Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun Qiao
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Meng-Ting Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Huan-Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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31
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Chen J, Zhang W, Pan C, Fan J, Zhong X, Tang S. Glaucocalyxin A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via inhibiting NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway in melanoma cells. Life Sci 2021; 271:119185. [PMID: 33577846 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Melanoma is a malignant tumor of the skin with a high metastasis rate and poor prognosis. Glaucocalyxin A (GLA), isolated from Rabdosia japonica, is a diterpenoid compound with anticancer properties. Here, we investigated the anticancer properties and explored the mechanisms underlying GLA activity in melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. MAIN METHODS Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays were used to assess the effects of GLA on cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the cell cycle, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining were used to examine protein expression. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to examine animal tissues and tumors in mice. KEY FINDINGS GLA could effectively inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. GLA induced an overproduction of cellular ROS, decreased MMP, and upregulated the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, which is an indicator of apoptosis. Phosphorylation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/p65 and NF-κB/p65 nuclear expression decreased after GLA treatment in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the anticancer effects of GLA are mediated through the NF-κB/p65 pathway. Moreover, we observed that GLA was effective in inhibiting tumor growth without obvious toxicity to major organs in mice. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study to show that GLA inhibits cell proliferation, arrests the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and induces mitochondrial apoptosis via the NF-κB/p65 pathway in melanoma cells. Overall, our results demonstrate that GLA may be a potential anticancer agent for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Chen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wancong Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Chen Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jufeng Fan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhong
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Shijie Tang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China.
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32
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Wang XQ, Xu SW, Wang W, Piao SZ, Mao XL, Zhou XB, Wang Y, Wu WD, Ye LP, Li SW. Identification and Validation of a Novel DNA Damage and DNA Repair Related Genes Based Signature for Colon Cancer Prognosis. Front Genet 2021; 12:635863. [PMID: 33719345 PMCID: PMC7943631 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.635863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Colorectal cancer (CRC) with high incidence, has the third highest mortality of tumors. DNA damage and repair influence a variety of tumors. However, the role of these genes in colon cancer prognosis has been less systematically investigated. Here, we aim to establish a corresponding prognostic signature providing new therapeutic opportunities for CRC. Method: After related genes were collected from GSEA, univariate Cox regression was performed to evaluate each gene's prognostic relevance through the TCGA-COAD dataset. Stepwise COX regression was used to establish a risk prediction model through the training sets randomly separated from the TCGA cohort and validated in the remaining testing sets and two GEO datasets (GSE17538 and GSE38832). A 12-DNA-damage-and-repair-related gene-based signature able to classify COAD patients into high and low-risk groups was developed. The predictive ability of the risk model or nomogram were evaluated by different bioinformatics- methods. Gene functional enrichment analysis was performed to analyze the co-expressed genes of the risk-based genes. Result: A 12-gene based prognostic signature established within 160 significant survival-related genes from DNA damage and repair related gene sets performed well with an AUC of ROC 0.80 for 5 years in the TCGA-CODA dataset. The signature includes CCNB3, ISY1, CDC25C, SMC1B, MC1R, LSP1P4, RIN2, TPM1, ELL3, POLG, CD36, and NEK4. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the prognosis of the risk status owns more significant differences than T, M, N, and stage prognostic parameters. A nomogram was constructed by LASSO regression analysis with T, M, N, age, and risk as prognostic parameters. ROC curve, C-index, Calibration analysis, and Decision Curve Analysis showed the risk module and nomogram performed best in years 1, 3, and 5. KEGG, GO, and GSEA enrichment analyses suggest the risk involved in a variety of important biological processes and well-known cancer-related pathways. These differences may be the key factors affecting the final prognosis. Conclusion: The established gene signature for CRC prognosis provides a new molecular tool for clinical evaluation of prognosis, individualized diagnosis, and treatment. Therapies based on targeted DNA damage and repair mechanisms may formulate more sensitive and potential chemotherapy regimens, thereby expanding treatment options and potentially improving the clinical outcome of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-quan Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Institute of Enze Medical Health Academy, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Shi-wen Xu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Song-zhe Piao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xin-li Mao
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xian-bin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Wei-dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Li-ping Ye
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Shao-wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
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Zhang H, Liu R, Sun L, Guo W, Ji X, Hu X. Comprehensive Analysis of Gene Expression Changes and Validation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1021-1031. [PMID: 33623390 PMCID: PMC7894825 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s294500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to analyze the involvement of hub genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Four series were used in this study: GSE45267, GSE84402, and GSE101685 from GPL570 platform in the Gene Expression Omnibus and the other from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The gene audition was completed using R software and Venn diagrams. The outcome, Gene Ontology enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes preliminary analyses of differentially expressed genes were performed using the R software. A string image was obtained using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes. The protein–protein interaction network was examined using Cytoscape software. The corrplot package was used to analyze the correlation of genes. Human Protein Atlas was used to confirm the protein levels. Univariate Cox regression was used to analyze whether these genes were related to survival. UALCAN was used to confirm the effect of these genes on patient survival. Results A total of 107 differentially expressed genes from 491 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 119 normal individuals were selected in this study. Cytoscape revealed 25 central nodes from the 107 genes. CCNB1, CDK1, CCNA2, PTTG1, and CDC20 were selected based on the cell cycle pathway. A significant correlation was found among the 6 DEGs. The transcription levels and protein levels of these genes were verified in cells and human tissue samples. The overall survival for these genes was analyzed using univariate Cox regression and UALCAN. Conclusion CCNB1, CDK1, CDC20, PTTG1, CCNA2, and TTK were overexpressed and correlated in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and tumors. The results might help explore the prognosis and diagnostic markers of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Renzheng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of ICU, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Zhang ZH, Hong Q, Zhang ZC, Xing WY, Xu S, Tian QX, Ye QL, Wang H, Yu DX, Xie DD, Xu DX. ROS-mediated genotoxic stress is involved in NaAsO 2-induced cell cycle arrest, stemness enhancement and chemoresistance of prostate cancer cells in a p53-independent manner. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111436. [PMID: 33039867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies reported that chronic arsenic exposure increased risk of prostate cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether chronic NaAsO2 exposure elevates stemness and chemoresistance in prostate cancer cells. DU145 (wild-type p53) and PC-3 (p53-null) cells were exposed to NaAsO2 (2 μmol/L) for 30 generations. IC50s to docetaxel and cisplatin were increased in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 and PC-3 cells. The number of tumor spheres was elevated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 and PC-3 cells. Nanog, SOX-2 and ALDH1A1, three markers of cancer stemness, were upregulated in NaAsO2-exposed PC-3 spheres. Moreover, NaAsO2-exposed DU145 and PC-3 cells were arrested in G2/M phase. Histone H2AX phosphorylation on Ser139, an indicator for DNA double-strand break, was upregulated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 and PC-3 cells. ATM phosphorylation on Ser1981, a key sensor of genotoxic stress, was rapidly elevated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 cells. Phosphor-p53, a downstream molecule of ATM signaling, and p21, a direct target of p53, were upregulated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 cells. Unexpectedly, p21 was also elevated in NaAsO2-exposed p53-null PC-3 cells. Antioxidant NAC alleviated NaAsO2-induced ATM phosphorylation, cell cycle arrest, and subsequent stemness enhancement and chemoresistance in both DU145 and PC-3 cells. These results suggest that ROS-mediated genotoxic stress is involved in NaAsO2-induced cell cycle arrest, stemness enhancement and chemoresistance of prostate cancer cells in a p53-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qian Hong
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei-Yang Xing
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shen Xu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qi-Xing Tian
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qing-Lin Ye
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - De-Xin Yu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dong-Dong Xie
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Fabová Z, Sirotkin AV. Interrelationships between kisspeptin and FSH in control of porcine ovarian cell functions. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106520. [PMID: 32738561 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The existing knowledge of the direct action of kisspeptin on the ovary needs to be expanded. In our study, the direct effects of kisspeptin on basic ovarian cell functions and their response to FSH were examined. We studied the effect of kisspeptin alone (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) and of kisspeptin (1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) in combination with FSH (10 ng/mL) on cultured porcine granulosa cells. Markers of viability, proliferation (accumulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen [PCNA] and cyclin B1), and apoptosis (accumulation of bax and caspase 3), as well as the release of steroid hormones and IGF-I were analyzed using the trypan blue exclusion test, quantitative immunocytochemistry, and ELISA. Addition of kisspeptin at lower doses (1 and 10 ng/mL) increased cell viability, the accumulation of PCNA and cyclin B1, decreased the accumulation of bax and caspase 3, and promoted release of progesterone, estradiol, and IGF-I, but not testosterone. A high dose (100 ng/mL) of kisspeptin had the opposite, inhibitory effect. The addition of FSH increased cell viability, proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and promoted progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, and IGF-I release. Kisspeptin at lower doses supported the stimulatory action of FSH on viability, PCNA and cyclin B1 accumulation, and release of progesterone and estradiol, promoted its inhibitory action on bax and caspase 3 accumulation, but did not modify its action on testosterone and IGF-I release. On the contrary, kisspeptin at a high dose inhibited and even reversed the FSH effect. FSH mimicked and promoted both the stimulatory and inhibitory action of kisspeptin on all examined ovarian functions besides IGF-I release. These observations show that kisspeptin can directly regulate basal ovarian cell functions. Furthermore, they demonstrate the functional interrelationships between kisspeptin and FSH in direct regulation of ovarian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Fabová
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - A V Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia
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Zheng Y, Deng Z, Tang M, Xiao D, Cai P. Impact of genetic factors on platinum-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 786:108324. [PMID: 33339576 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Severe gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is a common side effect after platinum-based chemotherapy. The incidence and severity of GI toxicity vary among patients with the same chemotherapy. Genetic factors involved in platinum transport, metabolism, detoxification, DNA repair, cell cycle control, and apoptosis pathways may account for the interindividual difference in GI toxicity. The influence of gene polymorphisms in the platinum pathway on GI toxicity has been extensively analyzed. Variations in study sample size, ethnicity, design, treatment schedule, dosing, endpoint definition, and assessment of toxicity make it difficult to precisely interpret the results. Hence, we conducted a review to summarize the most recent pharmacogenomics studies of GI toxicity in platinum-based chemotherapy and identify the most promising avenues for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Deng
- Hunan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China; Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Mimi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Cai
- Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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Liao L, Zhang L, Yang M, Wang X, Huang W, Wu X, Pan H, Yuan L, Huang W, Wu Y, Guan J. Expression profile of SYNE3 and bioinformatic analysis of its prognostic value and functions in tumors. J Transl Med 2020; 18:355. [PMID: 32948197 PMCID: PMC7501639 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spectrin repeat containing nuclear envelope family member 3 (SYNE3) encodes an essential component of the linker of the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton (LINC) complex, namely nesprin-3. In a tumor, invasiveness and metastasis rely on the integrity of the LINC complex, while the role of SYNE3/nesprin-3 in cancer is rarely studied. Methods Here, we explored the expression pattern, prognostic value, and related mechanisms of SYNE3 through both experimental and bioinformatic methods. We first detected SYNE3 in BALB/c mice, normal human tissues, and the paired tumor tissues, then used bioinformatics databases to verify our results. We further analyzed the prognostic value of SYNE3. Next, we predicted miRNA targeting SYNE3 and built a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and a transcriptional network by analyzing data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. Interacting genes of SYNE3 were predicted, and we further performed GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on these genes. Besides, the relationship between SYNE3 and immune infiltration was also investigated. Results SYNE3 exhibited various expressions in different tissues, mainly located on nuclear and in cytoplasm sometimes. SYNE3 expression level had prognostic value in tumors, possibly by stabilizing nucleus, promoting tumor cells apoptosis, and altering tumor microenvironment. Additionally, we constructed a RP11-2B6.2-miR-149-5p-/RP11-67L2.2-miR-330-3p-SYNE3 ceRNA network and a SATB1-miR-149-5p-SYNE3 transcriptional network in lung adenocarcinoma to support the tumor-suppressing role of SYNE3. Conclusions Our study explored novel anti-tumor functions and mechanisms of SYNE3, which might be useful for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Longshan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xixi Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Yuan
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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PP9, a steroidal saponin, induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109246. [PMID: 32877639 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents one of the commonest malignancies around the world. PP9, a natural steroidal saponin, was firstly isolated from the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. latifolia. However, the therapeutic effects of PP9 on CRC and the underlying molecular mechanism remain undefined. Here, we demonstrated that treatment with PP9 time- and dose-dependently inhibited HT-29 and HCT116 cells without significantly inhibiting normal NCM460 cells. Furthermore, our results indicated that PP9 effectively induced G2/M phase arrest by upregulating p21 and suppressing cdc25C, Cyclin B1 and cdc2. Meanwhile, PP9 upregulated cleaved Caspase 3, cleaved Caspase 9 and cleaved PARP and Bax, while downregulating Bcl-2 to stimulate cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, PP9-suppressed PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling, while the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 augmented PP9-mediated apoptosis, G2/M arrest and effects on PI3K/Akt/GSK3β related proteins. Finally, we showed that PP9 (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced tumor growth in nude mouse CRC xenografts, more potently than 5-Fu (20 mg/kg). Jointly, these data firstly demonstrated that PP9 promotes G2/M arrest and apoptotic death in CRC cells through PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling suppression, suggesting that PP9 could be considered a new and promising candidate for CRC therapy.
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Zhang L, Makamure J, Zhao D, Liu Y, Guo X, Zheng C, Liang B. Bioinformatics analysis reveals meaningful markers and outcome predictors in HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:427-435. [PMID: 32537007 PMCID: PMC7281962 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of malignant neoplasm of the liver with high morbidity and mortality. Extensive research into the pathology of HCC has been performed; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of hepatitis B virus-associated HCC have remained elusive. Thus, the present study aimed to identify critical genes and pathways associated with the development and progression of HCC. The expression profiles of the GSE121248 dataset were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) analyses were performed by using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Subsequently, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed for detecting hub genes. In the present study, 1,153 DEGs (777 upregulated and 376 downregulated genes) were identified and the PPI network yielded 15 hub genes. GO analysis revealed that the DEGs were primarily enriched in ‘protein binding’, ‘cytoplasm’ and ‘extracellular exosome’. KEGG analysis indicated that DEGs were accumulated in ‘metabolic pathways’, ‘chemical carcinogenesis’ and ‘fatty acid degradation’. After constructing the PPI network, cyclin-dependent kinase 1, cyclin B1, cyclin A2, mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1, cyclin B2, DNA topoisomerase IIα, budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles (BUB)1, TTK protein kinase, non-SMC condensin I complex subunit G, NDC80 kinetochore complex component, aurora kinase A, kinesin family member 11, cell division cycle 20, BUB1B and abnormal spindle microtubule assembly were identified as hub genes based on the high degree of connectivity by using Cytoscape software. In addition, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) analyses were performed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis online database, which revealed that the increased expression of all hub genes were associated with poorer OS and DFS outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed using GraphPad prism 7.0 software. The results confirmed that 15 hub genes were able to distinguish HCC form normal tissues. Furthermore, the expression levels of three key genes were analyzed in tumor and normal samples of the Human Protein Atlas database. The present results may provide further insight into the underlying mechanisms of HCC and potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Joyman Makamure
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Guo
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Ma Z, Yang J, Yang Y, Wang X, Chen G, Shi A, Lu Y, Jia S, Kang X, Lu L. Rosmarinic acid exerts an anticancer effect on osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting DJ-1 via regulation of the PTEN-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 68:153186. [PMID: 32088353 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor. This disease has exhibited a progressively lower survival rate over the past several decades, which has resulted in it becoming a main cause of death in humans. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a water-soluble polyphenolic phytochemical, exerts powerful anticancer effects against multiple types of cancer; however, its potential effects on osteosarcoma remain unknown. Hence, the present study investigated the efficacy of RA against osteosarcoma and aimed to clarify the mechanisms underlying this process. METHODS The effects of RA on cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, migration, invasion, and signaling molecules were analyzed by CCK-8 assay, flowcytometric analysis, wound healing assay, Transwell assay, proteomic analysis, and use of shRNAs. RESULTS RA exerted anti-proliferation and pro-apoptotic effects on U2OS and MG63 osteosarcoma cells. Apoptosis was induced via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, triggering the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and upregulating the cleavage rates of caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3. Additionally, RA suppressed the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and -9), which are associated with a weakening of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, proteomic analyses identified DJ-1 as a potential target for RA. Several studies have indicated an oncogenic role for DJ-1 using knockdowns via the lentiviral-mediated transfection of shRNA, which caused the conspicuous suppression of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as the arrest of cell cycle progression. At the molecular level, the expression levels of DJ-1, p-PI3K, and p-Akt were reduced, whereas the protein levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) were increased. CONCLUSION In conjunction with the high levels of DJ-1 expression in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, the present results suggested that RA exhibited anticancer effects in osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting DJ-1 via regulation of the PTEN-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, DJ-1 might be a biological target for RA in osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xuexi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Guohu Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ancheng Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yubao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Shouning Jia
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Li Lu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Institute of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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El Khalki L, Maire V, Dubois T, Zyad A. Berberine Impairs the Survival of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells: Cellular and Molecular Analyses. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030506. [PMID: 31991634 PMCID: PMC7036777 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype. Non-available targeted therapy for TNBC represents its biggest treatment challenge. Thus, finding new promising effective drugs is urgently needed. In the present study, we investigated how berberine, a natural isoquinoline, impairs the survival of TNBC cells in both cellular and molecular levels. Our experimental model was based on the use of eight TNBC cell lines: MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, HCC70, HCC38, HCC1937, HCC1143, BT-20, and BT-549. Berberine was cytotoxic against all treated TNBC cell lines. The most sensitive cell lines were HCC70 (IC50 = 0.19 µM), BT-20 (IC50 = 0.23 µM) and MDA-MB-468 (IC50 = 0.48 µM). Using flow cytometry techniques, berberine, at 0.5 and 1 µM for 120 and 144 h, not only induced cell cycle arrest, at G1 and/or G2/M phases, but it also triggered significant apoptosis. At the molecular level, these results are consistent with the expression of their related proteins using Western blot assays. Interestingly, while berberine was cytotoxic against TNBC cells, it had no effect on the viability of normal human breast cells MCF10A cultured in a 3D matrigel model. These results suggest that berberine may be a good potential candidate for TNBC drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamyae El Khalki
- Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Mailbox 523, 23000 Beni Mellal, Morocco;
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Virginie Maire
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Abdelmajid Zyad
- Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Mailbox 523, 23000 Beni Mellal, Morocco;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +212-666-722-054; Fax: +212-523-485-201
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Tempo-spatial alternative polyadenylation analysis reveals that 3' UTR lengthening of Mdm2 regulates p53 expression and cellular senescence in aged rat testis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 523:1046-1052. [PMID: 31973811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although tissue aging is accompanied with cellular senescence, it is much complicated than senescence given both types and number of cells change with age. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) had shown tissue specificity and APA-mediated 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) lengthening could regulate senescence-associated phenotypes. However, whether tissue aging shows similar trends remains unknown. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis on RNA-seq datasets derived from multiple cells and rat tissues of young and old age. Although APA-mediated 3' UTR lengthening in various senescent cells reinforced the previous discovery, tissue aging showed much more complexity in APA. Interestingly, testis was the only tissue displaying dramatic 3' UTR lengthening and decreased expression trend of corresponding genes in aged rat. Genes with longer 3' UTR in aged testis were enriched in senescence-associated pathways, among which, Mdm2, encoding an E3 ligase of p53, favored distal poly(A) site resulting in lengthened 3' UTR and decreased expression. Longer 3' UTR of Mdm2 generated less protein, and decreased Mdm2 expression led to senescence-associated phenotypes along with increased p53 and p21 protein abundance, which could all be reversed by Mdm2 overexpression. Our work revealed complicated APA changes during tissue aging and discovered APA-mediated 3' UTR lengthening of Mdm2 is a hidden layer in regulating the well-known senescence-related p53-p21 signal axis during testis aging, and also has potential implications regarding declined male fertility along aging.
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Kuroki H, Anraku T, Kazama A, Bilim V, Tasaki M, Schmitt D, Mazar AP, Giles FJ, Ugolkov A, Tomita Y. 9-ING-41, a small molecule inhibitor of GSK-3beta, potentiates the effects of anticancer therapeutics in bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19977. [PMID: 31882719 PMCID: PMC6934761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine kinase, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in human bladder cancer. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effect of a small molecule GSK-3β inhibitor, 9-ING-41, currently in clinical studies in patients with advanced cancer, in bladder cancer cell lines. We found that treatment with 9-ING-41 leads to cell cycle arrest, autophagy and apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine potentiated the antitumor effects of 9-ING-41 when tested in combination studies. Our findings also demonstrate that 9-ING-41 enhanced the growth inhibitory effects of gemcitabine or cisplatin when used in combination in bladder cancer cells. Finally, we found that 9-ING-41 sensitized bladder cancer cells to the cytotoxic effects of human immune effector cells. Our results provide a rationale for the inclusion of patients with advanced bladder cancer in clinical studies of 9-ING-41.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Kuroki
- Department of Urology, Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Anraku
- Department of Urology, Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akira Kazama
- Department of Urology, Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Vladimir Bilim
- Department of Urology, Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Kameda Daiichi Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayuki Tasaki
- Department of Urology, Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Yoshihiko Tomita
- Department of Urology, Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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Zhou Z, Li Y, Hao H, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Wang Z, Chu X. Screening Hub Genes as Prognostic Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:76S-86S. [PMID: 31822116 PMCID: PMC7016461 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719893950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a widespread, common type of cancer in Asian countries, and the need for biomarker-matched molecularly targeted therapy for HCC has been increasingly recognized. However, the effective treatment for HCC is unclear. Therefore, identifying additional hub genes and pathways as novel prognostic biomarkers for HCC is necessary. In this study, the expression profiles of GSE121248, GSE45267 and GSE84402 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), including 132 HCC and 90 noncancerous liver tissues. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and noncancerous samples were identified by GEO2 R and Venn diagrams. In total, 109 DEGs were identified in these datasets, including 24 upregulated genes and 85 downregulated genes. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) preliminary analyses of the DEGs were performed using DAVID. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and visualized in Cytoscape. Module analysis of the PPI network was performed using MCODE to get hub genes. Moreover, the influence of the hub genes on overall survival was determined with Kaplan-Meier plotter. All hub genes were analyzed by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and KEGG. Overall, the hub genes DTL, CDK1, CCNB1, RACGAP1, ECT2, NEK2, BUB1B, PBK, TOP2A, ASPM, HMMR, RRM2, CDKN3, PRC1, and ANLN were upregulated in HCC, and the survival rate was lower for HCC with increased expression of these hub genes. CCNB1, CDK1, and RRM2 were enriched in the p53 signaling pathway, and CCNB1, CDK1, and BUB1B were enriched in the cell cycle. In brief, we screened 15 hub genes and pathways to identify potential prognostic markers for HCC treatment. However, the specific occurrence and development of HCC with expression of the hub genes should be verified in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyuan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,* Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Yuzheng Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,* Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Haiyue Hao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zihao Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xia Chu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Zhang J, Li D, Zhang Y, Ding Z, Zheng Y, Chen S, Wan Y. Integrative analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression profiles reveals seven potential diagnostic biomarkers for non‑small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2019; 43:99-112. [PMID: 31746439 PMCID: PMC6908938 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore specific molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs were downloaded from the GEO (GSE102286 and GSE101929) and TCGA databases. After data preprocessing, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in cancer and normal tissues were selected and used to construct a DEM-DEG regulatory network and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The genes and miRNAs in these networks were subjected to functional enrichment and survival analyses. Several key DEMs and DEGs were verified using RT-qPCR, and the results were statistically interpreted using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. In this study, 25 DEMs and 789 DEGs common to all datasets were identified, which were then used for the construction of a DEM-DEG regulatory network and a PPI network module. Survival analyses of 19 DEMs in the DEM-DEG regulatory network and 36 DEGs in the PPI network module revealed that 34 DEGs (including TOP2A, CCNB1, BIRC5, and TTK) and two miRNAs (miR-21-5p and miR-31-5p) were significantly associated with NSCLC prognosis. Moreover, RT-qPCR analysis identified three DEGs and five DEMs that had changes in expression consistent with those observed in the bioinformatic analysis. Finally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis of the data showed that TOP2A, CCNB1, BIRC5, miR-21-5p, miR-193b-3p, miR-210-3p and miR-31-5p could be combined for the diagnosis of NSCLC. In conclusion, TOP2A, CCNB1, BIRC5, miR-21-5p, miR-193b-3p, miR-210-3p and miR-31-5p may therefore serve as important biomarkers and diagnostic targets for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Ear‑Nose‑Throat, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Yueming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Zongli Ding
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Song Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Wan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
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Chan ZCK, Leong KH, Kareem HS, Norazit A, Noor SM, Ariffin A. Activation of death receptor, DR5 and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by a 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy derivative in wild-type and p53 mutant colorectal cancer cell lines. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 393:405-417. [PMID: 31641820 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The rationale of designing compounds containing a (3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy) phenyl moiety is largely due to its potential antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. A previous study focused on its antioxidant mechanism, whereas in this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of a series of 28 analogues and the mechanism of apoptosis of the most cytotoxic compound against wild-type (HCT-116) and p53 mutant (HT-29) colorectal cancer cell lines. The series of analogues comprise of different families, namely hydrazone, oxadiazole, thiosemicarbazides and triazoles. In the initial cytotoxicity screening, N-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy) benzohydrazide, henceforth known as, P5H, was found to be most cytotoxic against human colorectal cancer cell lines (IC50 for HCT-116 = 11.79 μM and HT-29 = 18.52 μM). Additionally, P5H was found to have some degree of selectivity towards cancer cells compared to normal human colon cells (CCD-112 CoN). Subsequent investigation had brought insight on P5H ability to induce apoptosis in both HCT-116 and HT-29 cell lines. Cell cycle analysis showed both cell lines were arrested at the G2/M phase upon treatment. Our study concluded that P5H induced the death receptor, DR5 in HCT-116 and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in HT-29. Therefore, P5H may be a promising candidate as a chemotherapy agent against colon cancer. Graphical abstract The apoptotic pathways induced in HT-29 and HCT-116 cells upon P5H treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah Chee Ken Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Hoong Leong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Center for Natural Product and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Huda Salah Kareem
- General Directorate of Curricular, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, 3310, Iraq
| | - Anwar Norazit
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzita Mohd Noor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Liu K, Jiao XD, Hao JL, Qin BD, Wu Y, Chen W, Liu J, He X, Zang YS. MTSS1 inhibits metastatic potential and induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5143-5152. [PMID: 31303767 PMCID: PMC6612291 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s203165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1), a potential metastasis suppressor gene associated with tumor progression, may play an important role in cancer development. Our previous study demonstrated that MTSS1 was downregulated significantly when gastric cancer (GC) progressed and metastasized, suggesting that MTSS1 may be involved in the physiopathologic mechanism of GC. Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of MTSS1 expression on the biological behavior of gastric cancer cell both in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods: The gain-and-loss function of MTSS1 in GC cells were analyzed after transfection with pEGFP-N1-MTSS1 and ShRNA431. Proliferation and invasion abilities were measured by means of plate clone formation assay and transwell assay. To further explore the underlying mechanism of MTSS1-induced tumor restrain, cell cycle distribution was analyzed using flow cytometry. Results: The results revealed that overexpression of MTSS1 significantly reduced proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells in vivo and in vitro, while downregulation of MTSS1 had the opposite biological manifestations. Moreover, overexpression of MTSS1 induced accumulation of GC cells in G2/M phase, increased phosphorylated Cdc2 expression and decreased Cdc25C and cyclinB1 levels, suggesting MTSS1 could cause G2/M cell cycle arrest. Conclusion: Our data provided insight into an important role for MTSS1 in suppressing tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration, indicating that MTSS, as a functional tumor suppressor in GC, could be a potential therapeutic target to prevent GC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Lu Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Dong Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Sirotkin A, Alexa R, Kádasi A, Adamcová E, Alwasel S, Harrath AH. Resveratrol directly affects ovarian cell sirtuin, proliferation, apoptosis, hormone release and response to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:1378-1385. [PMID: 30975285 DOI: 10.1071/rd18425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to examine the influence of the plant polyphenol resveratrol (R) on the rapamycin signalling pathway (mammalian target of rapamycin; mTOR) and basic ovarian cell functions in mammalian targets, as well as on their response to the physiological hormonal stimulators follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Resveratrol was found to stimulate sirtuin 1 accumulation and apoptosis, inhibit proliferation, suppress P and promote T and E release. Alone, FSH promoted proliferation and had no effect on apoptosis, but had an inhibitory effect on these processes when combined with R. IGF-I alone stimulated proliferation and inhibited apoptosis and promoted P production but not that of T; however, in the presence of R, the addition of IGF-I switched from having an anti-apoptotic to a pro-apoptotic effect and stimulated T release, but it did not modify the effect of IGF-I on proliferation and P output. These observations: (1) demonstrate that R directly affects the basic ovarian cell functions of proliferation, apoptosis and steroidogenesis, (2) provide further evidence of the involvement of FSH and IGF-I in the regulation of these processes, (3) demonstrate the ability of R to prevent and even invert the effects of FSH and IGF-I on ovarian cells and (4) indicate that the effects of R may be mediated by the mTOR-sirtuin intracellular signalling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sirotkin
- Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; and Department of Genetics and Reproduction, Research Institute of Animal Production, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia; and Corresponding author
| | - Richard Alexa
- Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Attila Kádasi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Erika Adamcová
- Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Saleh Alwasel
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Lee YK, Lee KW, Kim M, Lee Y, Yoo J, Hwangbo C, Park KH, Kim KD. Chelidonine Induces Caspase-Dependent and Caspase-Independent Cell Death through G 2/M Arrest in the T98G Human Glioblastoma Cell Line. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:6318179. [PMID: 31239863 PMCID: PMC6556348 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6318179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chelidonium majus L. (family Papaveraceae), commonly known as greater celandine or tetterwort, has been reported to have antibacterial and anticancer effects and chelidonine is known as a functional metabolite extracted from C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Kyeong Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerin Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Yoo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hwangbo
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
- PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
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50
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Ismail NI, Othman I, Abas F, H Lajis N, Naidu R. Mechanism of Apoptosis Induced by Curcumin in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2454. [PMID: 31108984 PMCID: PMC6566943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top three cancer with higher incident and mortality rate worldwide. It is estimated that about over than 1.1 million of death and 2.2 million new cases by the year 2030. The current treatment modalities with the usage of chemo drugs such as FOLFOX and FOLFIRI, surgery and radiotherapy, which are usually accompanied with major side effects, are rarely cured along with poor survival rate and at higher recurrence outcome. This trigger the needs of exploring new natural compounds with anti-cancer properties which possess fewer side effects. Curcumin, a common spice used in ancient medicine was found to induce apoptosis by targeting various molecules and signaling pathways involved in CRC. Disruption of the homeostatic balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis could be one of the promoting factors in colorectal cancer progression. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of apoptosis regulation by curcumin in CRC with regard to molecular targets and associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Isnida Ismail
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- UniKL MESTECH, A1-1 Jalan TKS1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia.
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 434000 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Nordin H Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Rakesh Naidu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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