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Jin X, Zhou W, Luo M, Wang P, Xu Z, Ma K, Cao H, Xu C, Huang Y, Cheng R, Xiao L, Lin X, Pang F, Li Y, Nie H, Jiang Q. Global characterization of B cell receptor repertoire in COVID-19 patients by single-cell V(D)J sequencing. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:6278607. [PMID: 34015809 PMCID: PMC8194558 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The world is facing a pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Adaptive immune responses are essential for SARS-CoV-2 virus clearance. Although a large body of studies have been conducted to investigate the immune mechanism in COVID-19 patients, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the BCR repertoire in patients. In this study, we used the single-cell V(D)J sequencing to characterize the BCR repertoire across convalescent COVID-19 patients. We observed that the BCR diversity was significantly reduced in disease compared with healthy controls. And BCRs tend to skew toward different V gene segments in COVID-19 and healthy controls. The CDR3 sequences of heavy chain in clonal BCRs in patients were more convergent than that in healthy controls. In addition, we discovered increased IgG and IgA isotypes in the disease, including IgG1, IgG3 and IgA1. In all clonal BCRs, IgG isotypes had the most frequent class switch recombination events and the highest somatic hypermutation rate, especially IgG3. Moreover, we found that an IgG3 cluster from different clonal groups had the same IGHV, IGHJ and CDR3 sequences (IGHV4-4-CARLANTNQFYDSSSYLNAMDVW-IGHJ6). Overall, our study provides a comprehensive characterization of the BCR repertoire in COVID-19 patients, which contributes to the understanding of the mechanism for the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyun Jin
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Wenyang Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Meng Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Zhaochun Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Kexin Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Huimin Cao
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Chang Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Lixing Xiao
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | | | | | - Yiqun Li
- Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Huan Nie
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China
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Zhao M, Li X, Xie S, Gong M, Yan R, Zheng A, Xu Y, Wu H, Wang Z. The dynamics and association of B and T cell receptor repertoires upon antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination in healthy adults. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3203-3213. [PMID: 33861159 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1913028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hepatitis B (HB) vaccine is efficacious in preventing hepatitis B virus infection. However, the association between antibody response to the HB vaccine and dynamic immune repertoire changes in different cell subsets remains unclear. Nine healthy participants were administered three doses of HB vaccine following the 0, 1, 6 month schedule. Peripheral CD4+ T, memory B (MB), naïve B (NB), and plasma cells (PCs) were sorted before vaccination and 7 days following each dose. The complementary determining region 3 of T-cell receptor β (TCRβ) chain and B-cell receptor (BCR) heavy chain (IgG, IgM, IgA) repertoires were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. All nine participants elicited protective antibody titers to the vaccine at the end of immunization. Compared with the baseline, MB cells showed a significant increase in IgG usage and decreased IgM usage and repertoire diversity at the end of vaccination. TCRβ diversity changes were highly correlated with those of the BCR in MB cells in participants with a faster and robust antibody responses. The percentage of shared clonotypes between NB and MB cells, and MB cells and PCs were much higher than that between NB cells and PCs. The more clonotypes sharing the faster and stronger antibody responses were observed after HB vaccination. These results suggest the integral involvement of MB cells in vaccine immunization. Interaction between CD4+ T and MB cells and B cell differentiation may improve antibody response to HB vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoxian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongkai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ten Hacken E, Sivina M, Kim E, O'Brien S, Wierda WG, Ferrajoli A, Estrov Z, Keating MJ, Oellerich T, Scielzo C, Ghia P, Caligaris-Cappio F, Burger JA. Functional Differences between IgM and IgD Signaling in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:2522-31. [PMID: 27534555 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BCR signaling is a central pathogenetic pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Most CLL cells express BCRs of IgM and IgD isotypes, but the contribution of these isotypes to functional responses remains incompletely defined. We therefore investigated differences between IgM and IgD signaling in freshly isolated peripheral blood CLL cells and in CLL cells cultured with nurselike cells, a model that mimics the lymph node microenvironment. IgM signaling induced prolonged activation of ERK kinases and promoted CLL cell survival, CCL3 and CCL4 chemokine secretion, and downregulation of BCL6, the transcriptional repressor of CCL3 In contrast, IgD signaling induced activation of the cytoskeletal protein HS1, along with F-actin polymerization, which resulted in rapid receptor internalization and failure to support downstream responses, including CLL cell survival and chemokine secretion. IgM and IgD receptor downmodulation, HS1 and ERK activation, chemokine secretion, and BCL6 downregulation were also observed when CLL cells were cocultured with nurselike cells. The Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib effectively inhibited both IgM and IgD isotype signaling. In conclusion, through a variety of functional readouts, we demonstrate very distinct outcomes of IgM and IgD isotype activation in CLL cells, providing novel insight into the regulation of BCR signaling in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ten Hacken
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230
| | - Mariela Sivina
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230
| | - Ekaterina Kim
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230
| | - Susan O'Brien
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230
| | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230
| | - Alessandra Ferrajoli
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230
| | - Zeev Estrov
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230
| | - Michael J Keating
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230
| | - Thomas Oellerich
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Cristina Scielzo
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ghia
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Caligaris-Cappio
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Jan A Burger
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230;
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Hobeika E, Maity PC, Jumaa H. Control of B Cell Responsiveness by Isotype and Structural Elements of the Antigen Receptor. Trends Immunol 2016; 37:310-320. [PMID: 27052149 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Expression of a functional B cell antigen receptor (BCR) plays a central role in regulating B cell development, maturation, and effector functions. Although IgM is solely expressed in immature B cell stages, the presence of both IgM- and IgD-BCR isotypes on mature naïve B cells raises the question of whether IgD has a unique role in B cell activation and function. While earlier studies suggested a broad functional redundancy between IgM and IgD, recent data point to an important immune regulatory role of IgD. Herein, we review these findings and discuss how the structural flexibility, mode of antigen binding, and co-receptor interactions, enable the IgD-BCR to act as a 'rheostat', regulating the activation and function of mature naïve B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Hobeika
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Palash Chandra Maity
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Center for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hassan Jumaa
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Yi W, Hu X, Chen Z, Liu L, Tian Y, Chen H, Cong YS, Yang F, Zhang L, Rudolph KL, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Ju Z. Phosphatase Wip1 controls antigen-independent B-cell development in a p53-dependent manner. Blood 2015; 126:620-8. [PMID: 26012568 PMCID: PMC4520877 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-02-624114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1), a phosphatase previously considered as an oncogene, has been implicated in the regulation of thymus homeostasis and neutrophil maturation. However, the role of Wip1 in B-cell development is unknown. We show that Wip1-deficient mice exhibit a significant reduction of B-cell numbers in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. A reciprocal transplantation approach revealed a cell-intrinsic defect in early B-cell precursors caused by Wip1 deficiency. Further experiments revealed that Wip1 deficiency led to a sustained activation of p53 in B cells, which led to increased level of apoptosis in the pre-B-cell compartment. Notably, the impairment of B-cell development in Wip1-deficient mice was completely rescued by genetic ablation of p53, but not p21. Therefore, loss of Wip1 phosphatase induces a p53-dependent, but p21-independent, mechanism that impairs B-cell development by enhancing apoptosis in early B-cell precursors. Moreover, Wip1 deficiency exacerbated a decline in B-cell development caused by aging as evidenced in mice with aging and mouse models with serial competitive bone marrow transplantation, respectively. Our present data indicate that Wip1 plays a critical role in maintaining antigen-independent B-cell development in the bone marrow and preventing an aging-related decline in B-cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yi
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuelian Hu
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Leibniz Institute for Age Research-Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Leiming Liu
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Sir Runrun Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Cong
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; and
| | | | - Zhixin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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