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Angst L, Koolstra JH, Wiedemeier D, Van Sluijs RM, Pulfer AM, Gallo LM, Colombo V. Masticatory Muscles Activation and TMJ Space During Asymmetrically Loaded Jaw Closing. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:877-887. [PMID: 38214777 PMCID: PMC10940448 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Masticatory muscle activation and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) load generated during asymmetrically loaded jaw closing are largely unknown. Two different strategies were developed to explain how the central nervous system (CNS) generates muscle activation patterns during motion: minimization of joint load (MJL) vs. minimization of muscle effort (MME). The aim of the present study was to investigate, experimentally, the neuromuscular strategy selected by the CNS to coordinate jaw closing in reaction to the application of an external asymmetric load. Masticatory muscle activation was measured with electromyography (EMG) and the minimum intra-articular distance (MID) was assessed by dynamic stereometry to infer joint loading. Ten healthy subjects performed jaw-closing movements against an asymmetric mandibular load set from 0.0 to 2.0 kg in 0.5-kg steps. Recordings were analyzed by exploratory and graphical statistical tools. Moreover, the observed differences in MID and EMG among the various mandibular loads were tested using non-parametric tests for repeated measures data. The ipsilateral-contralateral differences in MID and EMG of the anterior temporalis showed a significant increase (p < 0.001, p = 0.01) with increasing asymmetrical load with both joints being most heavily loaded at 1 kg. EMG signals of the masseter did not change significantly with increasing load. This study is the first to have analyzed the changes in the TMJ intra-articular space during asymmetrically loaded jaw-closing movements, not only three dimensionally and dynamically, but also combined with EMG. Asymmetrical load affected the TMJ space and masticatory muscle activation patterns, primarily resulting in an increased activation of the anterior temporalis muscle. This might suggest the involvement of a control mechanism to protect the joints from overloading. However, the results do not fully support the hypothesis of MJL nor the MME strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Angst
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Centre of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jan Harm Koolstra
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Research Institute MOVE, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Wiedemeier
- Statistical Services, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rachel M Van Sluijs
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Research Institute MOVE, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anina M Pulfer
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Centre of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luigi M Gallo
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Centre of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vera Colombo
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Centre of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
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Murray GM, Sessle BJ. Pain-sensorimotor interactions: New perspectives and a new model. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2024; 15:100150. [PMID: 38327725 PMCID: PMC10847382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2024.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
How pain and sensorimotor behavior interact has been the subject of research and debate for many decades. This article reviews theories bearing on pain-sensorimotor interactions and considers their strengths and limitations in the light of findings from experimental and clinical studies of pain-sensorimotor interactions in the spinal and craniofacial sensorimotor systems. A strength of recent theories is that they have incorporated concepts and features missing from earlier theories to account for the role of the sensory-discriminative, motivational-affective, and cognitive-evaluative dimensions of pain in pain-sensorimotor interactions. Findings acquired since the formulation of these recent theories indicate that additional features need to be considered to provide a more comprehensive conceptualization of pain-sensorimotor interactions. These features include biopsychosocial influences that range from biological factors such as genetics and epigenetics to psychological factors and social factors encompassing environmental and cultural influences. Also needing consideration is a mechanistic framework that includes other biological factors reflecting nociceptive processes and glioplastic and neuroplastic changes in sensorimotor and related brain and spinal cord circuits in acute or chronic pain conditions. The literature reviewed and the limitations of previous theories bearing on pain-sensorimotor interactions have led us to provide new perspectives on these interactions, and this has prompted our development of a new concept, the Theory of Pain-Sensorimotor Interactions (TOPSMI) that we suggest gives a more comprehensive framework to consider the interactions and their complexity. This theory states that pain is associated with plastic changes in the central nervous system (CNS) that lead to an activation pattern of motor units that contributes to the individual's adaptive sensorimotor behavior. This activation pattern takes account of the biological, psychological, and social influences on the musculoskeletal tissues involved in sensorimotor behavior and on the plastic changes and the experience of pain in that individual. The pattern is normally optimized in terms of biomechanical advantage and metabolic cost related to the features of the individual's musculoskeletal tissues and aims to minimize pain and any associated sensorimotor changes, and thereby maintain homeostasis. However, adverse biopsychosocial factors and their interactions may result in plastic CNS changes leading to less optimal, even maladaptive, sensorimotor changes producing motor unit activation patterns associated with the development of further pain. This more comprehensive theory points towards customized treatment strategies, in line with the management approaches to pain proposed in the biopsychosocial model of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg M. Murray
- Discipline of Restorative and Reconstructive Dentistry, Sydney School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Darcy Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Barry J. Sessle
- Faculty of Dentistry and Temerty Faculty of Medicine Department of Physiology, and Centre for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
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3
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Flor H, Noguchi K, Treede RD, Turk DC. The role of evolving concepts and new technologies and approaches in advancing pain research, management, and education since the establishment of the International Association for the Study of Pain. Pain 2023; 164:S16-S21. [PMID: 37831955 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The decades since the inauguration of the International Association for the Study of Pain have witnessed major advances in scientific concepts (such as the biopsychosocial model and chronic primary pain as a disease in its own right) and in new technologies and approaches (from molecular biology to brain imaging) that have inspired innovations in pain research. These have guided progress in pain management and education about pain for healthcare professionals, the general public, and administrative agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Koichi Noguchi
- Laboratory of Pain Mechanism Research, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dennis C Turk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Arce-McShane FI, Sessle BJ, Ram Y, Ross CF, Hatsopoulos NG. Multiple regions of sensorimotor cortex encode bite force and gape. Front Syst Neurosci 2023; 17:1213279. [PMID: 37808467 PMCID: PMC10556252 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1213279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise control of bite force and gape is vital for safe and effective breakdown and manipulation of food inside the oral cavity during feeding. Yet, the role of the orofacial sensorimotor cortex (OSMcx) in the control of bite force and gape is still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate how individual neurons and populations of neurons in multiple regions of OSMcx differentially encode bite force and static gape when subjects (Macaca mulatta) generated different levels of bite force at varying gapes. We examined neuronal activity recorded simultaneously from three microelectrode arrays implanted chronically in the primary motor (MIo), primary somatosensory (SIo), and cortical masticatory (CMA) areas of OSMcx. We used generalized linear models to evaluate encoding properties of individual neurons and utilized dimensionality reduction techniques to decompose population activity into components related to specific task parameters. Individual neurons encoded bite force more strongly than gape in all three OSMCx areas although bite force was a better predictor of spiking activity in MIo vs. SIo. Population activity differentiated between levels of bite force and gape while preserving task-independent temporal modulation across the behavioral trial. While activation patterns of neuronal populations were comparable across OSMCx areas, the total variance explained by task parameters was context-dependent and differed across areas. These findings suggest that the cortical control of static gape during biting may rely on computations at the population level whereas the strong encoding of bite force at the individual neuron level allows for the precise and rapid control of bite force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritzie I. Arce-McShane
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Barry J. Sessle
- Faculty of Dentistry and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yasheshvini Ram
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Callum F. Ross
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Laurence-Chasen JD, Ross CF, Arce-McShane FI, Hatsopoulos NG. Robust cortical encoding of 3D tongue shape during feeding in macaques. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2991. [PMID: 37225708 PMCID: PMC10209084 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38586-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexterous tongue deformation underlies eating, drinking, and speaking. The orofacial sensorimotor cortex has been implicated in the control of coordinated tongue kinematics, but little is known about how the brain encodes-and ultimately drives-the tongue's 3D, soft-body deformation. Here we combine a biplanar x-ray video technology, multi-electrode cortical recordings, and machine-learning-based decoding to explore the cortical representation of lingual deformation. We trained long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks to decode various aspects of intraoral tongue deformation from cortical activity during feeding in male Rhesus monkeys. We show that both lingual movements and complex lingual shapes across a range of feeding behaviors could be decoded with high accuracy, and that the distribution of deformation-related information across cortical regions was consistent with previous studies of the arm and hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Laurence-Chasen
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, 1027 E 57th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Callum F Ross
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, 1027 E 57th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Fritzie I Arce-McShane
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box #357475, Seattle, WA, 98195-7475, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA, 98195-7475, USA
| | - Nicholas G Hatsopoulos
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, 1027 E 57th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Program in Computational Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, 5812 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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Liu W, Cui C, Hu Z, Li J, Wang J. Changes of neuroplasticity in cortical motor control of human masseter muscle related to orthodontic treatment. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 49:258-264. [PMID: 34921434 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthodontic treatment is a common clinical method of malocclusion. Studies have found that neurons in the sensorimotor cortex of the brain undergo adaptive remodeling in response to changes in oral behavior or occlusion. OBJECTIVE To explore whether orthodontic treatment could be sufficient to cause neuroplastic changes in the corticomotor excitability of the masseter muscle. METHODS Fifteen Angle Class II malocclusion patients who were receiving orthodontic treatment participated in the study. Cortical excitability was assessed by electromyographic activity changes evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Four orthodontic time points were recorded, including baseline, day 1, day 7, and day 30. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded in the masseter muscle and the first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI) serving as a control. The data were analysed by stimulus-response curves and corticomotor mapping. Statistical analyses involved repeated measures analysis of variance, two-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc tests. RESULTS Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) of the masseter muscle were significantly decreased during orthodontic treatment compared with those of the baseline (p < .001). MEPs of the masseter muscle were dependent on session and stimulus intensity (p < .001), whereas MEPs of FDI were only dependent on stimulus intensity (p = .091). Finally, Tukey's post hoc tests demonstrated that MEPs of the masseter muscle on days 1 and 7, with 70%-90% stimulus intensities, were higher than those of baseline values (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that orthodontic treatment can lead to neuroplastic changes in the corticomotor control of the masseter muscle, which may add to our understanding of the adaptive response of subjects to changes of oral environment during the orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicai Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Congcong Cui
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglin Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Wintergerst A, López-Morales MP. Masticatory function in children with Down syndrome. Physiol Behav 2021; 235:113390. [PMID: 33736969 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to study masticatory function of 8 to 10-year-old children with Down syndrome (DS) through the evaluation of maximum occlusal force and masticatory performance (via medium particle size) and compare it to that of children of the same age without DS. METHODS A convenience sample of eight, 8-10-year-old children with DS were included in this cross-sectional study. The study had ethical approval and parents provided informed consent. Exclusion criteria were large carious lesions, dental pain or previous orthodontic/orthopedic treatment. Masticatory performance was evaluated with an artificial test food (Optosil Comfort®) after 20 cycles and at swallowing threshold. The chewed material was collected, dried and sieved. The material on each sieve was weighed; the weights were used to calculate medium particle size. Maximum occlusal force (1st permanent molars) was determined using the GM10 Nagano Keiki Co.™ portable transducer. The number of cycles until swallowing threshold, cycle and sequence durations were also compared. The data for the reference group (n = 32) came from a previous study in children of the same age. Descriptive statistics as well as comparisons with Mann-Whitney tests and simple and multiple regression analysis were performed. Cutoff was set at p≤.05. RESULTS Medium particle size is larger by 44% after 20 chewing cycles and 75% at swallowing threshold (p<.05) in children with DS. Median maximum occlusal force was 254 kN in DS children and 499 kN in children without the syndrome (p<.001). 48% of the variance in maximum occlusal force is explained by having DS. There were also significant differences in sequence and cycle durations. All significant differences had large effect sizes (˃1). Although the children with DS chewed more cycles before swallowing threshold the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Children with DS have approximately 50% of the masticatory performance and maximum occlusal force of children of the same age without DS. These findings can be associated to the feeding problems reported in children with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Wintergerst
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Marcela Patricia López-Morales
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, México
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de Souza BC, Carteri RB, Lopes AL, Teixeira BC. Teeth clenching can modify the muscle contraction strength of the lower or upper limbs: systematic review. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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9
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Brown S, Yuan Y, Belyk M. Evolution of the speech-ready brain: The voice/jaw connection in the human motor cortex. J Comp Neurol 2020; 529:1018-1028. [PMID: 32720701 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A prominent model of the origins of speech, known as the "frame/content" theory, posits that oscillatory lowering and raising of the jaw provided an evolutionary scaffold for the development of syllable structure in speech. Because such oscillations are nonvocal in most nonhuman primates, the evolution of speech required the addition of vocalization onto this scaffold in order to turn such jaw oscillations into vocalized syllables. In the present functional MRI study, we demonstrate overlapping somatotopic representations between the larynx and the jaw muscles in the human primary motor cortex. This proximity between the larynx and jaw in the brain might support the coupling between vocalization and jaw oscillations to generate syllable structure. This model suggests that humans inherited voluntary control of jaw oscillations from ancestral species, but added voluntary control of vocalization onto this via the evolution of a new brain area that came to be situated near the jaw region in the human motor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Brown
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michel Belyk
- Department of Speech Hearing and Phonetic Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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Almotairy N, Kumar A, Grigoriadis A. Effect of food hardness on chewing behavior in children. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:1203-1216. [PMID: 32613432 PMCID: PMC7878268 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of food hardness on chewing behavior in children compared with adults. Materials and methods Healthy children (3–17 years) were equally divided into five groups based on their dental eruption stages. Each participant ate soft and hard viscoelastic test food models (3 each), while the three-dimensional jaw movements and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the bilateral masseter muscles were recorded. The data from the children were compared with a control group of healthy adults (18–35 years). The data were analyzed with nonparametric tests. Results There was no significant difference in the number of chewing cycles and the duration of the chewing sequence between children groups and adults. Children with primary dentition (3–5 years) showed shorter lateral jaw movement and higher muscle activity at the end of the chewing sequence, compared with adults. Further, children’s age-groups (3–14 years) failed to adapt their jaw muscle activity to food hardness. However, at the late-permanent dentition stage (15–17 years), children were capable of performing adult-like chewing behavior. Conclusions Overall, it seems that children as young as 3-year-old are quite competent in performing basic chewing function similar to adults. Yet, there are differences in the anticipation or adaption of jaw muscle activity and jaw kinematics to food hardness. Clinical relevance The study may have clinical implication in the diagnosis and management of children with chewing impairment associated with dental malocclusions and other orofacial dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Almotairy
- Unit of Oral Rehabilitation, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 4064, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 04, Huddinge, Sweden. .,Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Unit of Oral Rehabilitation, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 4064, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 04, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anastasios Grigoriadis
- Unit of Oral Rehabilitation, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 4064, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 04, Huddinge, Sweden
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Lin HY, Su PL, Lin CY, Hung CH. Models of anatomically based oropharyngeal rehabilitation with a multilevel approach for patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-synthesis and meta-analysis. Sleep Breath 2019; 24:1279-1291. [PMID: 31836993 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-019-01971-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder associated with dysfunction of oropharyngeal muscles to maintain upper airway patency during sleep. Oropharyngeal rehabilitation (OPR) was developed to restore, reconstruct, and reeducate oropharyngeal muscle function, but current protocols and effectiveness of OPR have been inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to review (1) indications of OPR, (2) protocols of OPR, and (3) effectiveness of OPR. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library and then conducted both meta-synthesis and meta-analysis according to the statement of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). RESULTS A total of eight studies with 203 patients were included. By means of meta-synthesis, the patients with middle age, BMI < 40 kg/m2, mild-to-moderate OSA, and non-severe upper airway anatomical abnormality were found to benefit from OPR. The protocol of OPR was summarized to be an anatomically based, multilevel approach, including the retropalatal, retroglossal, hypopharyngeal, TMJ, and facial levels. By using meta-analysis, overall outcomes were presented as apnea hypopnea index (AHI) with significant improvement from 25.2 ± 7.8/h to 16.1 ± 6.6/h (mean difference [MD] - 9.8 [95% CI - 11.0 to - 8.6], p < 0.0001); the lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT) improved from 80.2 ± 4.7 to 83.8 ± 2.9% (MD 3.0% [95% CI 2.0 to 4.0], p < 0.0001); Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) improved from 11.8 ± 1.9 to 6.3 ± 1.6 (MD - 5.9 [95% CI - 7.5 to - 4.2], p < 0.001), neck circumference (NC) from 35.2 ± 1.1 to 34.7 ± 0.9 cm (MD - 0.6 [95% CI - 0.9 to - 0.2], p = 0.002), BMI from 24.8 ± 3.7 to 24.8 ± 4.1 kg/m2 (MD - 0.0; 95% CI - 0.5 to 0.5, p = 0.95). All outcomes except BMI demonstrated significant improvement from OPR. CONCLUSIONS Meta-analysis of previous OPR reports shows an improvement in AHI of 39%, compared with the usual surgical definition of success at 50%. Only mild and moderate cases of OSA were referred for OPR in the prior studies. In order to improve outcomes with OPR, a comprehensive approach to rehabilitation should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, East District, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lan Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, North District, Tainan City, 704, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, North District, Tainan City, 704, Taiwan.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, North District, Tainan City, 704, Taiwan.,Sleep Medicine Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, North District, Tainan City, 704, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsia Hung
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, East District, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan. .,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, East District, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
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12
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Deng H, Gao S, Lu S, Kumar A, Zhang Z, Svensson P. Alteration of occlusal vertical dimension induces signs of neuroplastic changes in corticomotor control of masseter muscles: Preliminary findings. J Oral Rehabil 2018; 45:710-719. [PMID: 29920731 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of altering occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) in patients with severe attrition on corticomotor control of the masseter muscles as assessed by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS). METHODS Seven patients (58.6 ± 8.4 years) with decreased OVD due to severe attrition were given mandibular occlusal splints to alter the OVD with the instruction to wear during the whole awake time for a period of four weeks. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and the motor cortex maps of the masseter muscles and first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles as control were recorded by nTMS at baseline and at least 4 weeks after the alteration of OVD. The stimulus-response curves of MEPs were analysed with two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, and the numerical rating scale scores, motor thresholds, onset latencies, motor cortex maps and centre of gravity (COG) were analysed with paired t tests. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the amplitude of the masseter muscle MEPs (P = 0.036), but no change in the motor cortex map areas (P = 0.111) four weeks after the alteration of OVD. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in either the amplitude of the FDI muscle MEPs (P = 0.466) or the motor cortex map areas (P = 0.230) before and after OVD alteration. CONCLUSION The results suggest that alteration of OVD in patients with severe attrition was associated with signs of neuroplastic changes in the corticomotor control of the masseter muscles. The results of the study may add to our understanding of the putative mechanisms related to cortical changes in response to OVD alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Deng
- Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyi Lu
- Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Zhenting Zhang
- Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peter Svensson
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark.,Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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13
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Effect of short-term training on fine motor control in trigeminally innervated versus spinally innervated muscles. Hum Mov Sci 2018; 58:132-139. [PMID: 29426038 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Kumar A, Kothari M, Grigoriadis A, Trulsson M, Svensson P. Bite or brain: Implication of sensorimotor regulation and neuroplasticity in oral rehabilitation procedures. J Oral Rehabil 2018; 45:323-333. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kumar
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation; Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Huddinge Sweden
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON); Huddinge Sweden
| | - M. Kothari
- Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic; Aarhus University; Hammel Denmark
| | - A. Grigoriadis
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation; Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Huddinge Sweden
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON); Huddinge Sweden
| | - M. Trulsson
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation; Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Huddinge Sweden
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON); Huddinge Sweden
| | - P. Svensson
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation; Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Huddinge Sweden
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON); Huddinge Sweden
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function; Institute for Odontology and Oral Health; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
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15
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McElvain LE, Friedman B, Karten HJ, Svoboda K, Wang F, Deschênes M, Kleinfeld D. Circuits in the rodent brainstem that control whisking in concert with other orofacial motor actions. Neuroscience 2018; 368:152-170. [PMID: 28843993 PMCID: PMC5849401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The world view of rodents is largely determined by sensation on two length scales. One is within the animal's peri-personal space; sensorimotor control on this scale involves active movements of the nose, tongue, head, and vibrissa, along with sniffing to determine olfactory clues. The second scale involves the detection of more distant space through vision and audition; these detection processes also impact repositioning of the head, eyes, and ears. Here we focus on orofacial motor actions, primarily vibrissa-based touch but including nose twitching, head bobbing, and licking, that control sensation at short, peri-personal distances. The orofacial nuclei for control of the motor plants, as well as primary and secondary sensory nuclei associated with these motor actions, lie within the hindbrain. The current data support three themes: First, the position of the sensors is determined by the summation of two drive signals, i.e., a fast rhythmic component and an evolving orienting component. Second, the rhythmic component is coordinated across all orofacial motor actions and is phase-locked to sniffing as the animal explores. Reverse engineering reveals that the preBötzinger inspiratory complex provides the reset to the relevant premotor oscillators. Third, direct feedback from somatosensory trigeminal nuclei can rapidly alter motion of the sensors. This feedback is disynaptic and can be tuned by high-level inputs. A holistic model for the coordination of orofacial motor actions into behaviors will encompass feedback pathways through the midbrain and forebrain, as well as hindbrain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E McElvain
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Beth Friedman
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Harvey J Karten
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Karel Svoboda
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Martin Deschênes
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Laval University, Québec City, G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - David Kleinfeld
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Section of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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16
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Perturbed oral motor control due to anesthesia during intraoral manipulation of food. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46691. [PMID: 28425479 PMCID: PMC5397972 DOI: 10.1038/srep46691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory information from periodontal mechanoreceptors (PMRs) surrounding the roots of natural teeth is important for optimizing the positioning of food and adjustment of force vectors during precision biting. The present experiment was designed to test the hypothesis; that reduction of afferent inputs from the PMRs, by anesthesia, perturbs the oral fine motor control and related jaw movements during intraoral manipulation of morsels of food. Thirty healthy volunteers with a natural dentition were equally divided into experimental and control groups. The participants in both groups were asked to manipulate and split a spherical candy into two equal halves with the front teeth. An intervention was made by anesthetizing the upper and lower incisors of the experimental group while the control group performed the task without intervention. Performance of the split was evaluated and the jaw movement recorded. The experimental group demonstrated a significant decrease in measures of performance following local anesthesia. However, there was no significant changes in the duration or position of the jaw during movements in the experimental and control group. In conclusion, transient deprivation of sensory information from PMRs perturbs oral fine motor control during intraoral manipulation of food, however, no significant alterations in duration or positions of the jaw during movements can be observed.
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17
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Inamoto K, Murray GM, Whittle T. Effect of a brief episode of experimental muscle pain on jaw movement and jaw-muscle activity during chewing. Eur J Oral Sci 2016; 125:34-43. [PMID: 28008667 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine whether: (i) the jaw motor system develops a new pattern of jaw movement and/or jaw-muscle activity after resolution of an acute episode of jaw-muscle pain; and (ii) if jaw-muscle activity and jaw-movement features change progressively with repetition of a chewing sequence. Jaw movement and jaw muscle (masseter, anterior temporalis, and digastric) activity were recorded during free and rate-standardized chewing in eight asymptomatic participants (pain infusion group), before and at three time blocks up to 45 min after a single 0.2-ml bolus infusion of 5% hypertonic saline into the right masseter muscle. The same procedure, without infusion, was performed in another eight participants (control group). There were no significant main effects of group on jaw movement and muscle activity, suggesting that there were no persistent post-pain effects on chewing. Across groups, repetitions of free and unstandardized chewing movements were associated with progressive increases in velocity and amplitude of jaw movement and masseter and temporalis electromyographic (EMG) activity. These findings suggest that factors unrelated to pain, such as practice effects, may be playing a role in the changes in jaw movement and jaw-muscle activity observed after resolution of an acute episode of jaw-muscle pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Inamoto
- Jaw Function and Orofacial Pain Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Westmead Centre for Oral Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Greg M Murray
- Jaw Function and Orofacial Pain Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Westmead Centre for Oral Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Terry Whittle
- Jaw Function and Orofacial Pain Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Westmead Centre for Oral Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
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18
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Fine motor control of the jaw following alteration of orofacial afferent inputs. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:613-626. [PMID: 27568306 PMCID: PMC5318472 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objective The study was designed to investigate if alteration of different orofacial afferent inputs would have different effects on oral fine motor control and to test the hypothesis that reduced afferent inputs will increase the variability of bite force values and jaw muscle activity, and repeated training with splitting of food morsel in conditions with reduced afferent inputs would decrease the variability and lead to optimization of bite force values and jaw muscle activity. Material methods Forty-five healthy volunteers participated in a single experimental session and were equally divided into incisal, mucosal, and block anesthesia groups. The participants performed six series (with ten trials) of a standardized hold and split task after the intervention with local anesthesia was made in the respective groups. The hold and split forces along with the corresponding jaw muscle activity were recorded and compared to a reference group. Results The hold force and the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter muscles during the hold phase were significantly higher in the incisal and block anesthesia group, as compared to the reference group (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant effect of groups on the split force (P = 0.975) but a significant decrease in the EMG activity of right masseter in mucosal anesthesia group as compared to the reference group (P = 0.006). The results also revealed that there was no significant effect of local anesthesia on the variability of the hold and split force (P < 0.677). However, there was a significant decrease in the variability of EMG activity of the jaw closing muscles in the block anesthesia group as compared to the reference group (P < 0.041), during the hold phase and a significant increase in the variability of EMG activity of right masseter in the mucosal anesthesia group (P = 0.021) along with a significant increase in the EMG activity of anterior temporalis muscle in the incisal anesthesia group, compared to the reference group (P = 0.018), during the split phase. Conclusions The results of the present study indicated that altering different orofacial afferent inputs may have different effects on some aspects of oral fine motor control. Further, inhibition of afferent inputs from the orofacial or periodontal mechanoreceptors did not increase the variability of bite force values and jaw muscle activity; indicating that the relative precision of the oral fine motor task was not compromised inspite of the anesthesia. The results also suggest the propensity of optimization of bite force values and jaw muscle activity due to repeated splitting of the food morsels, inspite of alteration of sensory inputs. Clinical relevance Skill acquisition following a change in oral sensory environment is crucial for understanding how humans learn and re-learn oral motor behaviors and the kind of adaptation that takes place after successful oral rehabilitation procedures.
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19
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Zhang H, Kumar A, Kothari M, Luo X, Trulsson M, Svensson KG, Svensson P. Can short-term oral fine motor training affect precision of task performance and induce cortical plasticity of the jaw muscles? Exp Brain Res 2016; 234:1935-1943. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-016-4598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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20
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Jaffer H, Ichesco E, Gerstner GE. Kinematic analysis of a Duchenne smile. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 64:11-8. [PMID: 26741999 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Facial expressions are communicative motor outputs, whose kinematics likely are due to musculoskeletal anatomy, neuromotor activity and the well-being and internal states of the individual. However, little has been published on the kinematics of facial expression. This study quantified lip, eye and cheek movements during the production of a Duchenne smile involving movement of lips and tissues surrounding the eyes. DESIGN The three-dimensional positions of 20 markers placed around the eyes, cheeks, lips and chins of 24 young adult female subjects were digitized while they performed smiles after practicing to feedback from an investigator trained in the facial action coding system (FACS). Displacement, velocity and acceleration variables were extracted and analyzed from the markers. RESULTS Results demonstrated several consistencies across subjects including: (1) relatively high peak velocities, accelerations and displacements for lip and cheek markers in the vertical and anteroposterior dimensions, (2) relatively large movements of the lower lateral eye region compared with other eye regions. CONCLUSION The results indicate that there is significant movement in the anteroposterior dimension that is not observable in frontal views of the face alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jaffer
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - E Ichesco
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, 24 Frank Lloyd Wright Dr. Lobby M, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - G E Gerstner
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
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21
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Pun H, Awamleh L, Lee JC, Avivi-Arber L. Decreased face primary motor cortex (face-M1) excitability induced by noxious stimulation of the rat molar tooth pulp is dependent on the functional integrity of medullary astrocytes. Exp Brain Res 2015; 234:645-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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22
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Kumar A, Grigoriadis J, Trulsson M, Svensson P, Svensson KG. Effects of short-term training on behavioral learning and skill acquisition during intraoral fine motor task. Neuroscience 2015; 306:10-7. [PMID: 26162238 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sensory information from the orofacial mechanoreceptors are used by the nervous system to optimize the positioning of food, determine the force levels, and force vectors involved in biting of food morsels. Moreover, practice resulting from repetition could be a key to learning and acquiring a motor skill. Hence, the aim of the experiment was to test the hypothesis that repeated splitting of a food morsel during a short-term training with an oral fine motor task would result in increased performance and optimization of jaw movements, in terms of reduction in duration of various phases of the jaw movements. Thirty healthy volunteers were asked to intraorally manipulate and split a chocolate candy, into two equal halves. The participants performed three series (with 10 trials) of the task before and after a short-term (approximately 30 min) training. The accuracy of the split and vertical jaw movement during the task were recorded. The precision of task performance improved significantly after training (22% mean deviation from ideal split after vs. 31% before; P<0.001). There was a significant decrease in the total duration of jaw movements during the task after the training (1.21 s total duration after vs. 1.56 s before; P<0.001). Further, when the jaw movements were divided into different phases, the jaw opening phase and contact phase were significantly shorter after training than before training (P=0.001, P=0.002). The results indicate that short-term training of an oral fine motor task induces behavior learning, skill acquisition and optimization of jaw movements in terms of better performance and reduction in the duration of jaw movements, during the task. The finding of the present study provides insights into how humans learn oral motor behaviors or the kind of adaptation that takes place after a successful prosthetic rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumar
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Denmark; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Sweden.
| | - J Grigoriadis
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Sweden
| | - M Trulsson
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Sweden
| | - P Svensson
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Denmark; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Sweden
| | - K G Svensson
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Sweden
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Avivi-Arber L, Lee JC, Sood M, Lakschevitz F, Fung M, Barashi-Gozal M, Glogauer M, Sessle BJ. Long-term neuroplasticity of the face primary motor cortex and adjacent somatosensory cortex induced by tooth loss can be reversed following dental implant replacement in rats. J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:2372-89. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Avivi-Arber
- Department of Prosthodontic; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
- Department of Oral Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
| | - Jye-Chang Lee
- Department of Oral Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
| | - Mandeep Sood
- Department of Oral Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
- Department of Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
| | - Flavia Lakschevitz
- Department of Periodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
| | - Michelle Fung
- Department of Oral Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
| | - Maayan Barashi-Gozal
- Department of Periodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Department of Periodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
| | - Barry J. Sessle
- Department of Oral Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
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24
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Sood M, Lee JC, Avivi-Arber L, Bhatt P, Sessle BJ. Neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex associated with orthodontic tooth movement in rats. J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:1548-68. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Sood
- Graduate Program in Orthodontics and Collaborative Program in Neuroscience; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario M5G 1G6 Canada
| | - Jye-Chang Lee
- Department of Oral Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario M5G 1G6 Canada
| | - Limor Avivi-Arber
- Department of Oral Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario M5G 1G6 Canada
- Department of Prosthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario M5G 1G6 Canada
| | - Poolak Bhatt
- Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario M5G 1G6 Canada
| | - Barry J. Sessle
- Department of Oral Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario M5G 1G6 Canada
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Awamleh L, Pun H, Lee JC, Avivi-Arber L. Decreased face primary motor cortex (face-M1) excitability induced by noxious stimulation of the rat molar tooth pulp is dependent on the functional integrity of face-M1 astrocytes. Exp Brain Res 2015; 233:1261-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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26
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Kumar A, Svensson KG, Baad-Hansen L, Trulsson M, Isidor F, Svensson P. Optimization of jaw muscle activity and fine motor control during repeated biting tasks. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:1342-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Sánchez-Ayala A, Farias-Neto A, Hellen Campanha N, Matheus Rodrigues Garcia RC. Relationship Between Chewing Rate and Masticatory Performance. Cranio 2014; 31:118-22. [DOI: 10.1179/crn.2013.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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28
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29
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Sánchez-Ayala A, Gonçalves TMSV, Ambrosano GMB, Garcia RCMR. Influence of Length of Occlusal Support on Masticatory Function of Free-End Removable Partial Dentures: Short-Term Adaptation. J Prosthodont 2013; 22:313-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2012.00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Sánchez-Ayala
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School; State University of Campinas; Piracicaba; Brazil
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30
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Quintero A, Ichesco E, Myers C, Schutt R, Gerstner GE. Brain activity and human unilateral chewing: an FMRI study. J Dent Res 2012; 92:136-42. [PMID: 23103631 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512466265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain mechanisms underlying mastication have been studied in non-human mammals but less so in humans. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate brain activity in humans during gum chewing. Chewing was associated with activations in the cerebellum, motor cortex and caudate, cingulate, and brainstem. We also divided the 25-second chew-blocks into 5 segments of equal 5-second durations and evaluated activations within and between each of the 5 segments. This analysis revealed activation clusters unique to the initial segment, which may indicate brain regions involved with initiating chewing. Several clusters were uniquely activated during the last segment as well, which may represent brain regions involved with anticipatory or motor events associated with the end of the chew-block. In conclusion, this study provided evidence for specific brain areas associated with chewing in humans and demonstrated that brain activation patterns may dynamically change over the course of chewing sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Quintero
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
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31
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Trulsson M, van der Bilt A, Carlsson GE, Gotfredsen K, Larsson P, Müller F, Sessle BJ, Svensson P. From brain to bridge: masticatory function and dental implants. J Oral Rehabil 2012; 39:858-77. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Trulsson
- Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Huddinge; Sweden
| | - A. van der Bilt
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery; Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht; The Netherlands
| | - G. E. Carlsson
- Institute of Odontology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg; Sweden
| | - K. Gotfredsen
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation; Institute of Odontology; Faculty of Health Science; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - P. Larsson
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; Jönköping; Sweden
| | - F. Müller
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics; University of Geneva; Geneva; Switzerland
| | - B. J. Sessle
- Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto; ON; Canada
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32
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Ohkubo C, Morokuma M, Yoneyama Y, Matsuda R, Lee JS. Interactions between occlusion and human brain function activities. J Oral Rehabil 2012; 40:119-29. [PMID: 22624951 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There are few review articles in the area of human research that focus on the interactions between occlusion and brain function. This systematic review discusses the effect of occlusion on the health of the entire body with a focus on brain function. Available relevant articles in English from 1999 to 2011 were assessed in an online database and as hard copies in libraries. The selected 19 articles were classified into the following five categories: chewing and tongue movements, clenching and grinding, occlusal splints and occlusal interference, prosthetic rehabilitation, and pain and stimulation. The relationships between the brain activity observed in the motor and sensory cortices and movements of the oral and maxillofacial area, such as those produced by gum chewing, tapping and clenching, were investigated. It was found that the sensorimotor cortex was also affected by the placement of the occlusal interference devices, splints and implant prostheses. Brain activity may change depending on the strength of the movements in the oral and maxillofacial area. Therefore, mastication and other movements stimulate the activity in the cerebral cortex and may be helpful in preventing degradation of a brain function. However, these findings must be verified by evidence gathered from more subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ohkubo
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
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33
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34
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Neuroplasticity of face sensorimotor cortex and implications for control of orofacial movements. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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