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In vitro generation of mature midbrain-type dopamine neurons by adjusting exogenous Nurr1 and Foxa2 expressions to their physiologic patterns. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e300. [PMID: 28280264 PMCID: PMC5382556 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2016.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental information aids stem cell biologists in producing tissue-specific cells. Recapitulation of the developmental profile of a specific cell type in an in vitro stem cell system provides a strategy for manipulating cell-fate choice during the differentiation process. Nurr1 and Foxa2 are potential candidates for genetic engineering to generate midbrain-type dopamine (DA) neurons for experimental and therapeutic applications in Parkinson's disease (PD), as forced expression of these genes in neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) yields cells with a complete battery of midbrain DA neuron-specific genes. However, simple overexpression without considering their expression pattern in the developing midbrain tends to generate DA cells without adequate neuronal maturation and long-term maintenance of their phenotype in vitro and in vivo after transplantation. We here show that the physiological levels and timing of Nurr1 and Foxa2 expression can be replicated in NPCs by choosing the right vectors and promoters. Controlled expression combined with a strategy for transgene expression maintenance induced generation of fully mature midbrain-type DA neurons. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of cellular engineering for artificial cell-fate specification.
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Arai MD, Zhan B, Maruyama A, Matsui-Harada A, Horinouchi K, Komai S. Enriched environment and Mash1 transfection affect neural stem cell differentiation after transplantation into the adult somatosensory cortex. J Neurol Sci 2017; 373:73-80. [PMID: 28131232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is a promising therapeutic modality for various nervous-system disorders; however, poor survival and differentiation of the transplanted NSCs limit their therapeutic efficacy. This study elucidated the effect of additive rehabilitative therapy with enriched environment (EE) and of achaete-scute homolog 1 (Mash1) and neurogenin2 (Ngn2) transduction on the fate of NSCs (P28-P35) transplanted into the primary somatosensory cortex (PSC) of mice. NSCs transplanted into the PSC differentiated into neurons and astrocytes and exhibited typical excitatory and synaptic response in mice housed in standard cages or in the EE. After EE exposure, significantly enhanced differentiation of transplanted NSCs into neuronal nuclear antigen-positive neurons was observed, whereas marked inhibition of the differentiation of transplanted NSCs into astrocytes was noted. Additionally, the proportion of GAD+ cells among GFP+/NeuN+ cells decreased following EE exposure. Furthermore, Mash1-transduced NSCs exhibited significantly enhanced populations of glutamic acid decarboxylase-negative neurons, whereas Ngn2-transduced NPCs did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunori D Arai
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Bo Zhan
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Atsuko Maruyama
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Akiko Matsui-Harada
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Horinouchi
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Shoji Komai
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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Nishimura K, Doi D, Samata B, Murayama S, Tahara T, Onoe H, Takahashi J. Estradiol Facilitates Functional Integration of iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons into Striatal Neuronal Circuits via Activation of Integrin α5β1. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 6:511-524. [PMID: 26997644 PMCID: PMC4834042 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For cell transplantation therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) to be realized, the grafted neurons should be integrated into the host neuronal circuit to restore the lost neuronal function. Here, using wheat-germ agglutinin-based transsynaptic tracing, we show that integrin α5 is selectively expressed in striatal neurons that are innervated by midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons. In addition, we found that integrin α5β1 was activated by the administration of estradiol-2-benzoate (E2B) in striatal neurons of adult female rats. Importantly, we observed that the systemic administration of E2B into hemi-parkinsonian rat models facilitates the functional integration of grafted DA neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells into the host striatal neuronal circuit via the activation of integrin α5β1. Finally, methamphetamine-induced abnormal rotation was recovered earlier in E2B-administered rats than in rats that received other regimens. Our results suggest that the simultaneous administration of E2B with stem cell-derived DA progenitors can enhance the efficacy of cell transplantation therapy for PD. Integrin α5 is expressed in striatal neurons innervated by nigral DA neurons Administration of E2B activates integrin α5β1 in the rat striatum E2B facilitates integration of grafted iPSC-derived DA neurons into host striatum
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaneyasu Nishimura
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daisuke Doi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Bumpei Samata
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tahara
- Bio-function Imaging Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Onoe
- Bio-function Imaging Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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Chin EWM, Goh ELK. Studying neurological disorders using induced pluripotent stem cells and optogenetics. Neural Regen Res 2016; 10:1720-2. [PMID: 26807089 PMCID: PMC4705766 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.169607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eunice W M Chin
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Singapore, Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eyleen L K Goh
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; KK Research Center, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Daadi MM, Klausner JQ, Bajar B, Goshen I, Lee-Messer C, Lee SY, Winge MCG, Ramakrishnan C, Lo M, Sun G, Deisseroth K, Steinberg GK. Optogenetic Stimulation of Neural Grafts Enhances Neurotransmission and Downregulates the Inflammatory Response in Experimental Stroke Model. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:1371-80. [PMID: 26132738 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x688533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence suggests that transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) from multiple sources ameliorates motor deficits after stroke. However, it is currently unknown to what extent the electrophysiological activity of grafted NSC progeny participates in the improvement of motor deficits and whether excitatory phenotypes of the grafted cells are beneficial or deleterious to sensorimotor performances. To address this question, we used optogenetic tools to drive the excitatory outputs of the grafted NSCs and assess the impact on local circuitry and sensorimotor performance. We genetically engineered NSCs to express the Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), a light-gated cation channel that evokes neuronal depolarization and initiation of action potentials with precise temporal control to light stimulation. To test the function of these cells in a stroke model, rats were subjected to an ischemic stroke and grafted with ChR2-NSCs. The grafted NSCs identified with a human-specific nuclear marker survived in the peri-infarct tissue and coexpressed the ChR2 transgene with the neuronal markers TuJ1 and NeuN. Gene expression analysis in stimulated versus vehicle-treated animals showed a differential upregulation of transcripts involved in neurotransmission, neuronal differentiation, regeneration, axonal guidance, and synaptic plasticity. Interestingly, genes involved in the inflammatory response were significantly downregulated. Behavioral analysis demonstrated that chronic optogenetic stimulation of the ChR2-NSCs enhanced forelimb use on the stroke-affected side and motor activity in an open field test. Together these data suggest that excitatory stimulation of grafted NSCs elicits beneficial effects in experimental stroke model through cell replacement and non-cell replacement, anti-inflammatory/neurotrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel M Daadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Grealish S, Heuer A, Cardoso T, Kirkeby A, Jönsson M, Johansson J, Björklund A, Jakobsson J, Parmar M. Monosynaptic Tracing using Modified Rabies Virus Reveals Early and Extensive Circuit Integration of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 4:975-83. [PMID: 26004633 PMCID: PMC4471831 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived dopamine neurons are currently moving toward clinical use for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the timing and extent at which stem cell-derived neurons functionally integrate into existing host neural circuitry after transplantation remain largely unknown. In this study, we use modified rabies virus to trace afferent and efferent connectivity of transplanted hESC-derived neurons in a rat model of PD and report that grafted human neurons integrate into the host neural circuitry in an unexpectedly rapid and extensive manner. The pattern of connectivity resembled that of local endogenous neurons, while ectopic connections were not detected. Revealing circuit integration of human dopamine neurons substantiates their potential use in clinical trials. Additionally, our data present rabies-based tracing as a valuable and widely applicable tool for analyzing graft connectivity that can easily be adapted to analyze connectivity of a variety of different neuronal sources and subtypes in different disease models. Monosynaptic tracing is used to uncover circuit integration of hESC-derived neurons Afferent and efferent synaptic contacts of grafted hESC-derived neurons are revealed Network integration in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease is stable for 6 months
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Grealish
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Heuer
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tiago Cardoso
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Agnete Kirkeby
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie Jönsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Johansson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Molecular Neurogenetics, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Björklund
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Jakobsson
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Department of Experimental Medical Science, Molecular Neurogenetics, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Parmar
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden.
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