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Boldyrev KN, Malkin BZ, Popova MN. Observation of the hyperfine structure and anticrossings of hyperfine levels in the luminescence spectra of LiYF 4:Ho 3. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:245. [PMID: 35918312 PMCID: PMC9345886 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Resolved hyperfine structure and narrow inhomogeneously broadened lines in the optical spectra of a rare-earth-doped crystal are favorable for the implementation of various sensors. Here, a well-resolved hyperfine structure in the photoluminescence spectra of LiYF4:Ho single crystals and the anticrossings of hyperfine levels in a magnetic field are demonstrated using a self-made setup based on a Bruker 125HR high-resolution Fourier spectrometer. This is the first observation of the resolved hyperfine structure and anticrossing hyperfine levels in the luminescence spectra of a crystal. The narrowest spectral linewidth is only 0.0022 cm-1. This fact together with a large value of the magnetic g factor of several crystal-field states creates prerequisites for developing magnetic field sensors, which can be in demand in modern quantum information technology devices operating at low temperatures. Very small random lattice strains characterizing the quality of a crystal can be detected using anticrossing points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill N Boldyrev
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russia
| | | | - Marina N Popova
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russia.
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2
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Serrano D, Kuppusamy SK, Heinrich B, Fuhr O, Hunger D, Ruben M, Goldner P. Ultra-narrow optical linewidths in rare-earth molecular crystals. Nature 2022; 603:241-246. [PMID: 35264757 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rare-earth ions (REIs) are promising solid-state systems for building light-matter interfaces at the quantum level1,2. This relies on their potential to show narrow optical and spin homogeneous linewidths, or, equivalently, long-lived quantum states. This enables the use of REIs for photonic quantum technologies such as memories for light, optical-microwave transduction and computing3-5. However, so far, few crystalline materials have shown an environment quiet enough to fully exploit REI properties. This hinders further progress, in particular towards REI-containing integrated nanophotonics devices6,7. Molecular systems can provide such capability but generally lack spin states. If, however, molecular systems do have spin states, they show broad optical lines that severely limit optical-to-spin coherent interfacing8-10. Here we report on europium molecular crystals that exhibit linewidths in the tens of kilohertz range, orders of magnitude narrower than those of other molecular systems. We harness this property to demonstrate efficient optical spin initialization, coherent storage of light using an atomic frequency comb, and optical control of ion-ion interactions towards implementation of quantum gates. These results illustrate the utility of rare-earth molecular crystals as a new platform for photonic quantum technologies that combines highly coherent emitters with the unmatched versatility in composition, structure and integration capability of molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Serrano
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olaf Fuhr
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaire (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Philippe Goldner
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, France.
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3
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Optical spin-state polarization in a binuclear europium complex towards molecule-based coherent light-spin interfaces. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2152. [PMID: 33846323 PMCID: PMC8042120 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of the emerging field of solid-state optical quantum information processing (QIP) critically depends on the access to resonant optical materials. Rare-earth ion (REI)-based molecular systems, whose quantum properties could be tuned taking advantage of molecular engineering strategies, are one of the systems actively pursued for the implementation of QIP schemes. Herein, we demonstrate the efficient polarization of ground-state nuclear spins-a fundamental requirement for all-optical spin initialization and addressing-in a binuclear Eu(III) complex, featuring inhomogeneously broadened 5D0 → 7F0 optical transition. At 1.4 K, long-lived spectral holes have been burnt in the transition: homogeneous linewidth (Γh) = 22 ± 1 MHz, which translates as optical coherence lifetime (T2opt) = 14.5 ± 0.7 ns, and ground-state spin population lifetime (T1spin) = 1.6 ± 0.4 s have been obtained. The results presented in this study could be a progressive step towards the realization of molecule-based coherent light-spin QIP interfaces.
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Fossati A, Liu S, Karlsson J, Ikesue A, Tallaire A, Ferrier A, Serrano D, Goldner P. A Frequency-Multiplexed Coherent Electro-optic Memory in Rare Earth Doped Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7087-7093. [PMID: 32845155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantum memories for light are essential components in quantum technologies like long-distance quantum communication and distributed quantum computing. Recent studies have shown that long optical and spin coherence lifetimes can be observed in rare earth doped nanoparticles, opening exciting possibilities over bulk materials, e.g., for enhancing coupling to light and other quantum systems, and material design. Here, we report on coherent light storage in Eu3+:Y2O3 nanoparticles using the Stark echo modulation memory (SEMM) quantum protocol. We first measure a nearly constant Stark coefficient of 50 kHz/(V/cm) across a bandwidth of 15 GHz, which is promising for broadband operation. Storage of light is then demonstrated with an effective coherence lifetime of 5 μs. Pulses with two different frequencies are also stored, confirming frequency-multiplexing capability, and are used to demonstrate the memory high phase fidelity. These results open the way to nanoscale optical quantum memories with increased efficiency, bandwidth, and processing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fossati
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Shuping Liu
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Jenny Karlsson
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Akio Ikesue
- World Laboratory, Mutsuno, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya 456-0023, Japan
| | - Alexandre Tallaire
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alban Ferrier
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, UFR 933, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Diana Serrano
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Goldner
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
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5
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Liu S, Fossati A, Serrano D, Tallaire A, Ferrier A, Goldner P. Defect Engineering for Quantum Grade Rare-Earth Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9953-9962. [PMID: 32697571 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured systems that combine optical and spin transitions offer new functionalities for quantum technologies by providing efficient quantum light-matter interfaces. Rare-earth (RE) ion-doped nanoparticles are promising in this field as they show long-lived optical and spin quantum states. However, further development of their use in highly demanding applications, such as scalable single-ion-based quantum processors, requires controlling defects that currently limit coherence lifetimes. In this work, we show that a post-treatment process that includes multistep high-temperature annealing followed by high-power microwave oxygen plasma processing advantageously improves key properties for quantum technologies. We obtain single crystalline Eu3+:Y2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) of 100 nm diameter, presenting bulk-like inhomogeneous line widths (Γinh) and population lifetimes (T1). Furthermore, a significant coherence lifetime (T2) extension, up to a factor of 5, is successfully achieved by modifying the oxygen-related point defects in the NPs by the oxygen plasma treatment. These promising results confirm the potential of engineered RE NPs to integrate devices such as cavity-based single-photon sources, quantum memories, and processors. In addition, our strategy could be applied to a large variety of oxides to obtain outstanding crystalline quality NPs for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Liu
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Alexandre Fossati
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Diana Serrano
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Tallaire
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alban Ferrier
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
- Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne Université, UFR 933, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Goldner
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
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6
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Liu S, Serrano D, Fossati A, Tallaire A, Ferrier A, Goldner P. Controlled size reduction of rare earth doped nanoparticles for optical quantum technologies. RSC Adv 2018; 8:37098-37104. [PMID: 35557813 PMCID: PMC9089232 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical etching is a promising way to synthesize RE:Y2O3 nanoparticles with controlled size and long coherence lifetimes, opening the way to optical micro/nano-cavities coupling and efficient nanoscale quantum memories and processors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Liu
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL University
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- F-75005 Paris
| | - Diana Serrano
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL University
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- F-75005 Paris
| | - Alexandre Fossati
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL University
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- F-75005 Paris
| | - Alexandre Tallaire
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL University
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- F-75005 Paris
| | - Alban Ferrier
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL University
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- F-75005 Paris
| | - Philippe Goldner
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL University
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- F-75005 Paris
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude G. Bünzli
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry; Hong Kong Baptist University; Kowloon Tong Hong Kong S.A.R. P.R. China
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8
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Ramachandra Rao K, Rajyalakshmi S, Kamal CS, Brahmaji B, Jasinski JB, Visweswara Rao TK. Unique optical properties of Eu 3+ doped l-histidine hydrochloride mono hydrate single crystals from low temperature growth technique. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 176:52-57. [PMID: 28073066 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A low-temperature solution method was utilized to grow single crystals of Eu3+doped l-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate. The quality of the crystals was confirmed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of rocking curve at 8arc per sec. The incorporation of Eu3+ ions into the lattice was confirmed by functional group analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The amount of Eu3+ ions was found to be 0.08 weight (%) using energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The crystal's thermal and mechanical properties were tested as well. The unique spectral properties such as UV-Vis transmittance, nonlinear optical efficiency (NLO), photoluminescence (PL) and its lifetime were measured. The PL study revealed that the intensity of 5D0→7F2 emission of Eu3+ is stronger than that of 5D0→7F1 emission and the decay measurement showed a life time of 7.2410μs. The photoluminescence results prove that l-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate is a new, highly efficient host material for europium ion red emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ramachandra Rao
- Crystal Growth and Nanoscience Research center, Department of Physics, Government College(Autonomous), Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India; Conn Centre for Renewable Energy Research, University of Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - S Rajyalakshmi
- Department of Physics, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ch Satya Kamal
- Crystal Growth and Nanoscience Research center, Department of Physics, Government College(Autonomous), Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B Brahmaji
- Anil Neerukonda Institute of Tech. and Science Engineering College, Visakhapatnam 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jacek B Jasinski
- Conn Centre for Renewable Energy Research, University of Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - T K Visweswara Rao
- Crystal Growth and Nanoscience Research center, Department of Physics, Government College(Autonomous), Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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9
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Magnetic Bistability in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Systems: The Role of Anisotropy and Exchange Interactions. INCLUDING ACTINIDES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.hpcre.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Sekatskii SK, Dukenbayev K, Mensi M, Mikhaylov AG, Rostova E, Smirnov A, Suriyamurthy N, Dietler G. Single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer scanning near-field optical microscopy: potentials and challenges. Faraday Discuss 2015; 184:51-69. [PMID: 26407105 DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00097a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A few years ago, single molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscope (FRET SNOM) images were demonstrated using CdSe semiconductor nanocrystal-dye molecules as donor-acceptor pairs. Corresponding experiments reveal the necessity to exploit much more photostable fluorescent centers for such an imaging technique to become a practically used tool. Here we report the results of our experiments attempting to use nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers in nanodiamond (ND) crystals, which are claimed to be extremely photostable, for FRET SNOM. All attempts were unsuccessful, and as a plausible explanation we propose the absence (instability) of NV centers lying close enough to the ND border. We also report improvements in SNOM construction that are necessary for single molecule FRET SNOM imaging. In particular, we present the first topographical images of single strand DNA molecules obtained with fiber-based SNOM. The prospects of using rare earth ions in crystals, which are known to be extremely photostable, for single molecule FRET SNOM at room temperature and quantum informatics at liquid helium temperatures, where FRET is a coherent process, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sekatskii
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, EPFL, CH1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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11
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Popova M. Resolved Hyperfine Structure in the Spectra of Crystals for Optical Quantum Memory. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201510301011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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