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Barrera M, Olmedo B, Zúñiga C, Cepeda M, Olivares F, Vergara R, Cordero-Lara K, Prieto H. Somatic Embryogenesis and Agrobacterium-Mediated Gene Transfer Procedures in Chilean Temperate Japonica Rice Varieties for Precision Breeding. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:416. [PMID: 38337949 PMCID: PMC10857379 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) varieties are generated through breeding programs focused on local requirements. In Chile, the southernmost rice producer, rice productivity relies on the use and generation of temperate japonica germplasms, which need to be adapted to the intensifying effects of climate change. Advanced biotechnological tools can contribute to these breeding programs; new technologies associated with precision breeding, including gene editing, rely on procedures such as regeneration and gene transfer. In this study, the local rice varieties Platino, Cuarzo, Esmeralda, and Zafiro were evaluated for somatic embryogenesis potential using a process that involved the combined use of auxins and cytokinins. An auxin-based (2,4-D) general medium (2N6) allowed for the induction of embryogenic masses in all the genotypes. After induction, masses required culturing either in N6R (kinetin; Platino) or N6RN (BAP, kinetin, IBA, and 2,4-D; Cuarzo, Esmeralda, and Zafiro) to yield whole plants using regeneration medium (N6F, no hormone). The sprouting rates indicated Platino as the most responsive genotype; for this reason, this variety was evaluated for gene transfer. Fifteen-day-old embryo masses were assayed for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using the bacterial strain EHA105 harboring pFLC-Myb/HPT/GFP, a modified T-DNA vector harboring a geminivirus-derived replicon. The vector included the green fluorescent protein reporter gene, allowing for continuous traceability. Reporter mRNA was produced as early as 3 d after agroinfiltration, and stable expression of the protein was observed along the complete process. These achievements enable further biotechnological steps in these and other genotypes from our breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Barrera
- Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Environment Faculty, Metropolitan Technological University, Santiago 8330526, Chile;
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, INIA-Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (B.O.); (C.Z.); (M.C.); (F.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Blanca Olmedo
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, INIA-Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (B.O.); (C.Z.); (M.C.); (F.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Carolina Zúñiga
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, INIA-Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (B.O.); (C.Z.); (M.C.); (F.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Mario Cepeda
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, INIA-Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (B.O.); (C.Z.); (M.C.); (F.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Felipe Olivares
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, INIA-Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (B.O.); (C.Z.); (M.C.); (F.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Ricardo Vergara
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, INIA-Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (B.O.); (C.Z.); (M.C.); (F.O.); (R.V.)
| | - Karla Cordero-Lara
- Rice Breeding Program, Quilamapu Research Station, INIA-Chile, Chillán 3780000, Chile;
| | - Humberto Prieto
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, INIA-Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (B.O.); (C.Z.); (M.C.); (F.O.); (R.V.)
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Wang G, Xu C, Yan S, Xu B. An Efficient Somatic Embryo Liquid Culture System for Potential Use in Large-Scale and Synchronic Production of Anthurium andraeanum Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:29. [PMID: 30745903 PMCID: PMC6360187 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Anthurium andraeanum Lind. is the second most important tropical flower in the world flower market. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Anthurium has been reported previously; however, a stable and effective method for its commercial use has not been available. In this study, an efficient somatic embryogenesis and liquid culture system for large-scale production of A. andraeanum seedlings was achieved. Building on previous research, this study investigated the main factors for proembryogenic mass (PEM) proliferation, somatic embryo (SE) development, and SE germination in Anthurium. The results showed that relatively low concentrations of plant growth regulators, mineral nutrition, and sucrose promoted PEM proliferation, SE formation, and germination in a liquid culture system. This system can be described as follows: PEMs were induced from leaf blade explants on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium with half-strength MS macronutrients (1/2 MS) containing 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.5 mg L-1 kinetin (KT), and 3% sucrose and were proliferated in ½ MS liquid medium containing 1.0 mg L-1 2,4-D, 0.5 mg L-1 KT, and 3% sucrose. The highest proliferation coefficients were 5.11-5.16. PEMs were then transferred to MS medium with 1/8 MS macronutrients (1/8 MS) liquid medium containing 1% sucrose to develop into globular embryos and mature embryos. Finally, the mature embryos were placed on four layers of absorbent filter paper saturated with 1/8 MS liquid medium containing 1% sucrose for germination, and an average of 60 seedlings per gram SEs was obtained. This liquid culture system can be used in large-scale and synchronic production of Anthurium seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanying Xu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Indoliya Y, Tiwari P, Chauhan AS, Goel R, Shri M, Bag SK, Chakrabarty D. Decoding regulatory landscape of somatic embryogenesis reveals differential regulatory networks between japonica and indica rice subspecies. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23050. [PMID: 26973288 PMCID: PMC4789791 DOI: 10.1038/srep23050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis is a unique process in plants and has considerable interest for biotechnological application. Compare to japonica, indica rice has been less responsive to in vitro culture. We used Illumina Hiseq 2000 sequencing platform for comparative transcriptome analysis between two rice subspecies at six different developmental stages combined with a tag-based digital gene expression profiling. Global gene expression among different samples showed greater complexity in japonica rice compared to indica which may be due to polyphyletic origin of two rice subspecies. Expression pattern in initial stage indicate major differences in proembryogenic callus induction phase that may serve as key regulator to observe differences between both subspecies. Our data suggests that phytohormone signaling pathways consist of elaborate networks with frequent crosstalk, thereby allowing plants to regulate somatic embryogenesis pathway. However, this crosstalk varies between the two rice subspecies. Down regulation of positive regulators of meristem development (i.e. KNOX, OsARF5) and up regulation of its counterparts (OsRRs, MYB, GA20ox1/GA3ox2) in japonica may be responsible for its better regeneration and differentiation of somatic embryos. Comprehensive gene expression information in the present experiment may also facilitate to understand the monocot specific meristem regulation for dedifferentiation of somatic cell to embryogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvraj Indoliya
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001, India
| | - Poonam Tiwari
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Abhisekh Singh Chauhan
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Ridhi Goel
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001, India
| | - Manju Shri
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Bag
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001, India
| | - Debasis Chakrabarty
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001, India
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Iantcheva A, Vlahova M, Gvetoslavova S, Evtimova M, Atanassov A. Somatic Embryogenesis of the Model Legume -Medicago Truncatulaand other Diploid Medics. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2005.10817284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Tissue culture methods for the clonal propagation and genetic improvement of Spanish red cedar (Cedrela odorata). Methods Mol Biol 2012. [PMID: 22610624 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-818-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The choice of a method to culture red cedar tissues depends on the final objectives pursued. If homogeneous clonal material is required for experimental purposes, the easiest way is to generate the lines through adventitious shoot induction from seedlings germinated from seeds. If the objective is to generate high yielding material for plantation purposes, the choice will be the same method but starting from mature vegetative tissues from selected elite plants. Most of the process are the same, but the initial steps are less efficient and much more elaborate. If the purpose is to generate lines with new genetic characteristics through somaclonal variation, mutagenesis, or genetic transformation, somatic embryogenesis will be required. No single method in its present form is suitable for all purposes. Eventually, the efficient production of somatic embryos from rejuvenated shoots collected from mature selected plants is the ideal way to culture this species, but for the time being we have to choose one or the other. In this chapter, we present a grafting procedure to rejuvenate and maintain mother plants in the greenhouse and the in vitro culture systems we have developed for the production of Cedrela odorata propagules using explants from both young seedlings and mature tissues from selected old trees. Using a modified TY17 medium and the BioMINT(®) temporary immersion system, we obtained high multiplication and ex vitro transplantation rates for efficient large-scale propagation of this species.
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Estabrooks T, Browne R, Dong Z. 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid promotes somatic embryogenesis in the rose cultivar "Livin' Easy" (Rosa sp.). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2007; 26:153-60. [PMID: 16972095 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-006-0231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2006] [Revised: 07/16/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) offers vast potential for the clonal propagation of high-value roses. However, some recalcitrant cultivars unresponsive to commonly employed SE-inducing agents and low induction rates currently hinder the commercialization of SE technology in rose. Rose SE technology requires improvement before it can be implemented as a production system on a commercial scale. In the present work, we assessed 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), a synthetic auxin not previously tested in rose, for its effectiveness to induce SE in the rose cultivar "Livin' Easy" (Rosa sp.). We ran a parallel comparison to the commonly used 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). We tested each auxin with two different basal media: Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium and woody plant medium (WPM). MS medium resulted in somatic embryo production, whereas WPM did not. 2,4,5-T induced SE over a greater concentration range than 2,4-D's and resulted in significantly greater embryo yields. 2,4,5-T at a concentration of 10 or 25 microM was better for embrygenic tissue initiation than 2,4,5-T at 5 microM. Further embryo development occurred when the tissue was transferred to plant growth regulator (PGR) free medium or media with 40% the original auxin concentration. However, the PGR-free medium resulted in a high percentage of abnormal embryos (32.31%) compared to the media containing auxins. Upon transfer to germination medium, somatic embryos successfully converted into plantlets at rates ranging from 33.3 to 95.2%, depending on treatment. Survival rates 3 months ex vitro averaged 14.0 and 55.6% for 2,4-D- and 2,4,5-T-derived plantlets, respectively. Recurrent SE was observed in 60.2% of the plantlets growing on germination medium. This study is the first report of SE in the commercially valuable rose cultivar 'Livin' Easy' (Rosa sp.) and a suitable methodology was developed for SE of this rose cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Estabrooks
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Nair RR, Dutta Gupta S. High-frequency plant regeneration through cyclic secondary somatic embryogenesis in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2006; 24:699-707. [PMID: 16249871 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-005-0016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2005] [Revised: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 05/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A high-frequency plantlet regeneration protocol was developed for black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) through cyclic secondary somatic embryogenesis. Secondary embryos formed from the radicular end of the primary somatic embryos which were originally derived from micropylar tissues of germinating seeds on growth regulator-free SH medium in the absence of light. The process of secondary embryogenesis continued in a cyclic manner from the root pole of newly formed embryos resulting in clumps of somatic embryos. Strength of the medium and sucrose concentration influenced the process of secondary embryogenesis and fresh weight of somatic embryo clumps. Full-strength SH medium supplemented with 1.5% sucrose produced significantly higher fresh weight and numbers of secondary somatic embryos while 3.0 and 4.5% sucrose in the medium favored further development of proliferated embryos into plantlets. Ontogeny of secondary embryos was established by histological analysis. Secondary embryogenic potential was influenced by the developmental stage of the explanted somatic embryo and stages up to "torpedo" were more suitable. A single-flask system was standardized for proliferation, maturation, germination and conversion of secondary somatic embryos in suspension cultures. The system of cyclic secondary somatic embryogenesis in black pepper described here represents a permanent source of embryogenic material that can be used for genetic manipulations of this crop species.
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Alvarez R, Alonso P, Cortizo M, Celestino C, Hernández I, Toribio M, Ordás RJ. Genetic transformation of selected mature cork oak (Quercus suber L.) trees. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2004; 23:218-23. [PMID: 15185122 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-004-0810-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2004] [Revised: 04/21/2004] [Accepted: 04/23/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A transformation system for selected mature cork oak (Quercus suber L.) trees using Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been established. Embryos obtained from recurrent proliferating embryogenic masses were inoculated with A. tumefaciens strains EHA105, LBA4404 or AGL1 harbouring the plasmid pBINUbiGUSint [carrying the neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) and beta-glucuronidase (uidA) genes]. The highest transformation efficiency (4%) was obtained when freshly isolated explants were inoculated with A. tumefaciens strain AGL1. Evidence of stable transgene integration was obtained by PCR for the nptII and uidA genes, Southern blotting and expression of the uidA gene. The transgenic embryos were germinated and successfully transferred to soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alvarez
- Department of Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, University of Oviedo, C/. Catedrático Rodrigo Uría s/n, 33011, Spain
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Dobrev P, Petkov P, Svetleva D, Ivanova A, Djilianov D, Petkova S, Atanassov A. Analysis of Some Endogenous Plant Hormones During Induction of Somatic E Mbryogenesis in Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2001.10819124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Akhtar N, Kumari N, Pandey S, Ara H, Singh M, Jaiswal U, Jaiswal VS, Jain SM. Somatic Embryogenesis in Tropical Fruit Trees. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN WOODY PLANTS 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3030-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Weselake RJ, Taylor DC. The study of storage lipid biosynthesis using microspore-derived cultures of oil seed rape. Prog Lipid Res 1999; 38:401-60. [PMID: 10793890 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-7827(99)00011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R J Weselake
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
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Yeung EC. Structural and Developmental Patterns in Somatic Embryogenesis. IN VITRO EMBRYOGENESIS IN PLANTS 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0485-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Merkle SA, Parrott WA, Flinn BS. Morphogenic Aspects of Somatic Embryogenesis. IN VITRO EMBRYOGENESIS IN PLANTS 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0485-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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