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Jeung D, Lee GE, Chen W, Byun J, Nam SB, Park YM, Lee HS, Kang HC, Lee JY, Kim KD, Hong YS, Lee CJ, Kim DJ, Cho YY. Ribosomal S6 kinase 2-forkhead box protein O4 signaling pathway plays an essential role in melanogenesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9440. [PMID: 38658799 PMCID: PMC11043394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have examined the signaling pathway involved in melanogenesis through which ultraviolet (UV) or α-melanocyte-stimulating hormones (α-MSH) stimuli act as key inducers to produce melanin at the stratum basal layer of the epidermis, the signaling pathway regulating melanogenesis is still controversial. This study reports that α-MSH, not UVA and UVB, acted as a major stimulus of melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Signaling pathway analysis using gene knockdown technology and chemical inhibitors, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) played an important role in melanogenesis. Unexpectedly, LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, increased melanogenesis without UV or α-MSH stimulation, suggesting that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may not be a major signaling pathway for melanogenesis. Chemical inhibition of the MEKs/ERKs/RSK2 signaling pathway using U0126 or BI-D1870 suppressed melanogenesis by stimulation of UVA or α-MSH stimulation, or both. In particular, the genetic depletion of RSK2 or constitutive active (CA)-RSK2 overexpression showed that RSK2 plays a key role in melanogenesis. Interestingly, forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4) was phosphorylated by RSK2, resulting in the increase of FOXO4's transactivation activity. Notably, the FOXO4 mutant harboring serine-to-alanine replacement at the phosphorylation sites totally abrogated the transactivation activity and reduced melanin production, indicating that RSK2-mediated FOXO4 activity plays a key role in melanogenesis. Furthermore, kaempferol, a flavonoid inhibiting the RSK2 activity, suppressed melanogenesis. In addition, FOXO4-wt overexpression showed that FOXO4 enhance melanin synthesis. Overall, the RSK2-FOXO4 signaling pathway plays a key role in modulating melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Jeung
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Ga-Eun Lee
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Weidong Chen
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Jiin Byun
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Soo-Bin Nam
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
- Biopharmaceutical research center, Ochang Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Min Park
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, South Korea
| | - Young-Soo Hong
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongju-si, Chongbuk, 28116, South Korea
| | - Cheol-Jung Lee
- Biopharmaceutical research center, Ochang Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Joon Kim
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, MBMRF, 1.410, 5300, North L St., McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea.
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Cerdido S, Sánchez-Beltrán J, Lambertos A, Abrisqueta M, Padilla L, Herraiz C, Olivares C, Jiménez-Cervantes C, García-Borrón JC. A Side-by-Side Comparison of Wildtype and Variant Melanocortin 1 Receptor Signaling with Emphasis on Protection against Oxidative Damage to DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14381. [PMID: 37762683 PMCID: PMC10532403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Common variants of the MC1R gene coding the α-melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor are associated with light skin, poor tanning, blond or red hair, and increased melanoma risk, due to pigment-dependent and -independent effects. This complex phenotype is usually attributed to impaired activation of cAMP signaling. However, several MC1R variants show significant residual coupling to cAMP and efficiently activate mitogenic extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) signaling. Yet, residual signaling and the key actions of wildtype and variant MC1R have never been assessed under strictly comparable conditions in melanocytic cells of identical genetic background. We devised a strategy based on CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of endogenous MC1R in a human melanoma cell line wildtype for BRAF, NRAS and NF1, followed by reconstitution with epitope-labeled MC1R constructs, and functional analysis of clones expressing comparable levels of wildtype, R151C or D294H MC1R. The proliferation rate, shape, adhesion, motility and sensitivity to oxidative DNA damage were compared. The R151C and D294H RHC variants displayed impaired cAMP signaling, intracellular stability similar to the wildtype, triggered ERK1/2 activation as effectively as the wildtype, and afforded partial protection against oxidative DNA damage, although less efficiently than the wildtype. Therefore, common melanoma-associated MC1R variants display biased signaling and significant genoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Cerdido
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB-LAIB, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Sánchez-Beltrán
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB-LAIB, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Lambertos
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB-LAIB, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Abrisqueta
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB-LAIB, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Lidia Padilla
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
| | - Cecilia Herraiz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB-LAIB, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Conchi Olivares
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB-LAIB, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Celia Jiménez-Cervantes
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB-LAIB, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - José C. García-Borrón
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.C.); (J.S.-B.); (A.L.); (M.A.); (L.P.); (C.H.); (C.O.); (C.J.-C.)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB-LAIB, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, He X, Yao R, Fan L, Zhao L, Lu B, Pang Z. Genome instability-related LINC02577, LINC01133 and AC107464.2 are lncRNA prognostic markers correlated with immune microenvironment in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:430. [PMID: 37173624 PMCID: PMC10176692 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a leading cause of malignancy-related deaths worldwide, and the efficacy of immunotherapy on PAAD is limited. Studies report that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in modulating genomic instability and immunotherapy. However, the identification of genome instability-related lncRNAs and their clinical significance has not been investigated in PAAD. METHODS The current study developed a computational framework for mutation hypothesis based on lncRNA expression profile and somatic mutation spectrum in pancreatic adenocarcinoma genome. We explored the potential of GInLncRNAs(genome instability-related lncRNAs) through co-expression analysis and function enrichment analysis. We further analyzed GInLncRNAs by Cox regression and used the results to construct a prognostic lncRNA signature. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between GILncSig (genomic instability derived 3-lncRNA signature) and immunotherapy. RESULTS A GILncSig was developed using bioinformatics analyses. It could divide patients into high-risk and low-risk groups, and there was a significant difference in OS between the two groups. In addition, GILncSig was associated with genome mutation rate in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, indicating its potential value as a marker for genomic instability. The GILncSig accurately grouped wild type patients of KRAS into two risk groups. The prognosis of the low-risk group was significantly improved. GILncSig was significantly correlated with the level of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current study provides a basis for further studies on the role of lncRNA in genomic instability and immunotherapy. The study provides a novel method for identification of cancer biomarkers related to genomic instability and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xu He
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfei Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Binan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongran Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Tang YQ, Lim J, Gew L. Biocomputational-mediated screening and molecular docking platforms for discovery of coumarin-derived antimelanogenesis agents. DERMATOL SIN 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/ds.ds-d-22-00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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5
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Gabellone S, Capecchi E, Ortelli LA, Saladino R. First Evidence of Pheomelanin-UVA-Driven Synthesis of Pummerer's Ketones by Peroxidase-Mediated Oxidative Coupling of Substituted Phenols. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45688-45696. [PMID: 36530325 PMCID: PMC9753113 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcitation of pheomelanin produces high-energy singlet oxygen and the superoxide anion, which are reactive species in damage of cellular targets. In principle, these species can be involved in processes of synthetic utility when adequate experimental conditions are defined. Here, we describe that pheomelanin performs as a selective UVA antenna for the horseradish peroxidase oxidative coupling of substituted phenols to biologically active Pummerer's ketones under 2-methyltetrahydrofuran/buffer biphasic conditions. In this system, singlet oxygen is scavenged by conversion of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran into the corresponding organic hydroperoxide, while the superoxide anion is dismutated into hydrogen peroxide. Both these intermediates are able to oxidize the active site of horseradish peroxidase triggering the oxidative coupling reaction. Trimer derivatives, produced by addition of phenoxy radicals on preformed Pummerer's ketones were also isolated, suggesting the possibility to further improve the structural complexity of the reaction products.
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Shi H, Cheng Z. MC1R and melanin-based molecular probes for theranostic of melanoma and beyond. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:3034-3044. [PMID: 36008707 PMCID: PMC9712491 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is accounting for most of skin cancer-associated mortality. The incidence of melanoma increased every year worldwide especially in western countries. Treatment efficiency is highly related to the stage of melanoma. Therefore, accurate staging and restaging play a pivotal role in the management of melanoma patients. Though 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) has been widely used in imaging of tumor metastases, novel radioactive probes for specific targeted imaging of both primary and metastasized melanoma are still desired. Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) and melanin are two promising biomarkers specifically for melanoma, and numerous research groups including us have been actively developing a plethora of radioactive probes based on targeting of MC1R or melanin for over two decades. In this review, some of the MC1R-targeted tracers and melanin-associated molecular imaging probes developed in our research and others have been briefly summarized, and it provides a quick glance of melanoma-targeted probe design and may contribute to further developing novel molecular probes for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China.
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Kai-yuan J, Yi-Wei Z, Ru-jun W, Khan IM, Yun-hai Z. A genome-wide integrated analysis of lncRNA-mRNA in melanocytes from white and brown skin hair boer goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1009174. [PMID: 36406077 PMCID: PMC9669430 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1009174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many biological processes and have been extensively researched. Nonetheless, literature focusing on the roles of lncRNA in melanocytes is limited. Melanocytes are located in the basal layer of the epidermis and determine the color of an animal's skin and hair by producing melanin. The mechanisms of melanogenesis remain unclear. Here, melanocytes from Boer goat skins were successfully isolated and verified using morphological observation, dopamine staining, silver ammonia staining, and immunohistochemical staining in vitro. Phenotypic testing revealed that melanocytes isolated from goat skins with white and brown hairs showed significant differences in proliferation, migration, and melanogenesis (**P < 0.01). RNA sequencing was performed with the isolated melanocytes, and through bioinformatic analysis, several candidate lncRNAs and mRNAs involved in stage-specific melanogenesis were identified. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that miRNA precursors and cis-regulatory effects of lncRNAs were deeply dissected using the function prediction software. Multiple lncRNA–mRNA networks were presumed to be involved in melanocyte migration, proliferation, and melanogenesis based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation. This research provided novel bioinformatic insights into the roles of lncRNAs in mammalian pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Kai-yuan
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Protection and Biological Breeding for Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhao Yi-Wei
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Protection and Biological Breeding for Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Ru-jun
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Protection and Biological Breeding for Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ibrar Muhammad Khan
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Protection and Biological Breeding for Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproduction Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Zhang Yun-hai
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Protection and Biological Breeding for Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Linquan Comprehensive Experimental Station of Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Agricultural University, Linquan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhang Yun-hai
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Larribère L, Utikal J. NF1-Dependent Transcriptome Regulation in the Melanocyte Lineage and in Melanoma. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153350. [PMID: 34362135 PMCID: PMC8347768 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise role played by the tumor suppressor gene NF1 in melanocyte biology and during the transformation into melanoma is not completely understood. In particular, understanding the interaction during melanocyte development between NF1 and key signaling pathways, which are known to be reactivated in advanced melanoma, is still under investigation. Here, we used RNAseq datasets from either situation to better understand the transcriptomic regulation mediated by an NF1 partial loss of function. We found that NF1 mutations had a differential impact on pluripotency and on melanoblast differentiation. In addition, major signaling pathways such as VEGF, senescence/secretome, endothelin, and cAMP/PKA are likely to be upregulated upon NF1 loss of function in both melanoblasts and metastatic melanoma. In sum, these data bring new light on the transcriptome regulation of the NF1-mutated melanoma subgroup and will help improve the possibilities for specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Larribère
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Kanti V, Puder L, Jahnke I, Krabusch PM, Kottner J, Vogt A, Richter C, Andruck A, Lechner L, Poitou C, Krude H, Gottesdiener K, Clément K, Farooqi IS, Wiegand S, Kühnen P, Blume-Peytavi U. A Melanocortin-4 Receptor Agonist Induces Skin and Hair Pigmentation in Patients with Monogenic Mutations in the Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 34:307-316. [PMID: 34058738 DOI: 10.1159/000516282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Gene mutations within the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway lead to severe early-onset obesity. Recently, a phase 2 trial evaluated new pharmacological treatment options with the MC4R agonist setmelanotide in patients with mutations in the genes encoding proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and leptin receptor (LEPR). During treatment with setmelanotide, changes in skin pigmentation were observed, probably due to off-target effects on the closely related melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). Here, we describe in detail the findings of dermatological examinations and measurements of skin pigmentation during this treatment over time and discuss the impact of these changes on patient safety. METHODS In an investigator-initiated, phase 2, open-label pilot study, 2 patients with loss-of-function POMC gene mutations and 3 patients with loss-of-function variants in LEPR were treated with the MC4R agonist setmelanotide. Dermatological examination, dermoscopy, whole body photographic documentation, and spectrophotometric measurements were performed at screening visit and approximately every 3 months during the course of the study. RESULTS We report the results of a maximum treatment duration of 46 months. Skin pigmentation increased in all treated patients, as confirmed by spectrophotometry. During continuous treatment, the current results indicate that elevated tanning intensity levels may stabilize over time. Lips and nevi also darkened. In red-haired study participants, hair color changed to brown after initiation of setmelanotide treatment. DISCUSSION Setmelanotide treatment leads to skin tanning and occasionally hair color darkening in both POMC- and LEPR-deficient patients. No malignant skin changes were observed in the patients of this study. However, the results highlight the importance of regular skin examinations before and during MC4R agonist treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Kanti
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lia Puder
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irina Jahnke
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Maximilian Krabusch
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Richter
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Andruck
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lara Lechner
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Poitou
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, CRNH-Ile de France Paris, Nutrition department, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesity, systemic approach (NutriOmics) research group, Paris, France
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Karine Clément
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, CRNH-Ile de France Paris, Nutrition department, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesity, systemic approach (NutriOmics) research group, Paris, France
| | - Ismaa Sadaf Farooqi
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Berlin Institute of Health, Center for Social-Pediatric Care/Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Zhang J, Yan Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Guo X, Jing J, Dong X, Dong S, Liu X, Yu X, Wu C. Cancer-associated 53BP1 mutations induce DNA damage repair defects. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:43-54. [PMID: 33359708 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
TP53 binding protein 1 (53BP1) plays an important role in DNA damage repair and maintaining genomic stability. However, the mutations of 53BP1 in human cancers have not been systematically examined. Here, we have analyzed 541 somatic mutations of 53BP1 across 34 types of human cancer from databases of The Cancer Genome Atlas, International Cancer Genome Consortium and Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer. Among these cancer-associated 53BP1 mutations, truncation mutations disrupt the nuclear localization of 53BP1 thus abolish its biological functions in DNA damage repair. Moreover, with biochemical analyses and structural modeling, we have examined the detailed molecular mechanism by which missense mutations in the key domains causes the DNA damage repair defects. Taken together, our results reveal the functional defects of a set of cancer-associated 53BP1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Yukun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Yaguang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Ju Jing
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Xiangnan Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Shasha Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China.
| | - Xiaochun Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China.
| | - Chen Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China.
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11
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Bang J, Zippin JH. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling in melanocyte pigmentation and melanomagenesis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:28-43. [PMID: 32777162 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) regulates numerous functions in both benign melanocytes and melanoma cells. cAMP is generated from two distinct sources, transmembrane and soluble adenylyl cyclases (tmAC and sAC, respectively), and is degraded by a family of proteins called phosphodiesterases (PDEs). cAMP signaling can be regulated in many different ways and can lead to varied effects in melanocytes. It was recently revealed that distinct cAMP signaling pathways regulate pigmentation by either altering pigment gene expression or the pH of melanosomes. In the context of melanoma, many studies report seemingly contradictory roles for cAMP in tumorigenesis. For example, cAMP signaling has been implicated in both cancer promotion and suppression, as well as both therapy resistance and sensitization. This conundrum in the field may be explained by the fact that cAMP signals in discrete microdomains and each microdomain can mediate differential cellular functions. Here, we review the role of cAMP signaling microdomains in benign melanocyte biology, focusing on pigmentation, and in melanomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakyung Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan H Zippin
- Department of Dermatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
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12
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El Yakhlifi S, Ball V. Polydopamine as a stable and functional nanomaterial. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110719. [PMID: 31846893 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The mussel inspired chemistry of dopamine leading to versatile coatings on the surface of all kinds of materials in a one pot process was considered as the unique aspect of catecholamine for a long time. Only recently, research has been undertaken to valorize the simultaneous oxidation and colloid formation in dopamine solutions in the presence of an oxidant. This mini review summarizes the synthesis methods allowing to get controlled nanomaterials, either nanoparticles, hollow capsules or nanotubes and even chiral nanomaterials from dopamine solutions. Finally the applications of those nanomaterials will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima El Yakhlifi
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 Rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000, Strasbourg, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité mixte de recherche 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67085, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Ball
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 Rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000, Strasbourg, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité mixte de recherche 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67085, Strasbourg Cedex, France.
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