1
|
Le Franc A, Da Silva A, Lepetre-Mouelhi S. Nanomedicine and voltage-gated sodium channel blockers in pain management: a game changer or a lost cause? Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:2112-2145. [PMID: 38861139 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Pain, a complex and debilitating condition affecting millions globally, is a significant concern, especially in the context of post-operative recovery. This comprehensive review explores the complexity of pain and its global impact, emphasizing the modulation of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC or NaV channels) as a promising avenue for pain management with the aim of reducing reliance on opioids. The article delves into the role of specific NaV isoforms, particularly NaV 1.7, NaV 1.8, and NaV 1.9, in pain process and discusses the development of sodium channel blockers to target these isoforms precisely. Traditional local anesthetics and selective NaV isoform inhibitors, despite showing varying efficacy in pain management, face challenges in systemic distribution and potential side effects. The review highlights the potential of nanomedicine in improving the delivery of local anesthetics, toxins and selective NaV isoform inhibitors for a targeted and sustained release at the site of pain. This innovative strategy seeks to improve drug bioavailability, minimize systemic exposure, and optimize therapeutic outcomes, holding significant promise for secure pain management and enhancing the quality of life for individuals recovering from surgical procedures or suffering from chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adélaïde Le Franc
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Alexandre Da Silva
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen M, Lu M, Feng X, Wu M, Luo X, Xiang R, Luo R, Wu H, Liu Z, Wang M, Zhou X. LmNaTx15, a novel scorpion toxin, enhances the activity of Nav channels and induces pain in mice. Toxicon 2023; 236:107331. [PMID: 37918718 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptide toxins are major bioactive components found in venomous animals. Many polypeptide toxins can specifically act on targets, such as ion channels and voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels, in the nervous, muscle, and cardiovascular systems of the recipient to increase defense and predation efficiency. In this study, a novel polypeptide toxin, LmNaTx15, was isolated from the venom of the scorpion Lychas mucronatus, and its activity was analyzed. LmNaTx15 slowed the fast inactivation of Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.4, Nav1.5, and Nav1.7 and inhibited the peak current of Nav1.5, but it did not affect Nav1.8. In addition, LmNaTx15 altered the voltage-dependent activation and inactivation of these Nav channel subtypes. Furthermore, like site 3 neurotoxins, LmNaTx15 induced pain in mice. These results show a novel scorpion toxin with a modulatory effect on specific Nav channel subtypes and pain induction in mice. Therefore, LmNaTx15 may be a key bioactive component for scorpion defense and predation. Besides, this study provides a basis for analyzing structure-function relationships of the scorpion toxins affecting Nav channel activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minzhi Chen
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Minjuan Lu
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Xujun Feng
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Meijing Wu
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Luo
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Ruiqi Xiang
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Ren Luo
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Hang Wu
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Meichi Wang
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Xi Zhou
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Becker J, Effraim PR, Dib-Hajj S, Rittner HL. Lessons learned in translating pain knowledge into practice. Pain Rep 2023; 8:e1100. [PMID: 37928204 PMCID: PMC10624476 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the past 2 decades, basic research deciphering the underlying mechanisms of nociception and chronic pain was thought to finally step beyond opioids and nonsteroidals and provide patients with new analgesics. But apart from calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonists, nothing arrived in hands of clinicians. Objectives To present existing evidence of 3 representative target molecules in the development of novel pain treatment that, so far, did not result in approved drugs. Methods This Clinical Update aligns with the 2022 IASP Global Year Translating Pain Knowledge into Practice and selectively reviews best available evidence and practice. Results We highlight 3 targets: a ion channel, a neuronal growth factor, and a neuropeptide to explore why these drug targets have been dropped in clinical phase II-III trials. Antibodies to nerve growth factor had very good effects in musculoskeletal pain but resulted into more patients requiring joint replacements. Blockers of NaV1.7 were often not effective enough-at least if patients were not stratified. Blockers of neurokinin receptor were similarly not successful enough. In general, failure was most often to the result of a lack of effect and to a lesser extend because of unexpected severe side effects. However, all studies and trials lead to an enormous move in the scientific community to better preclinical models and testing as well as revised methods to molecularly phenotype and stratify patients. Conclusion All stakeholders in the process can help in the future: better preclinical studies, phenotyping and stratifying patients, and participation in clinical trials to move the discovery of analgesics forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Becker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philip R. Effraim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sulayman Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Heike L. Rittner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alberini G, Alexis Paz S, Corradi B, Abrams CF, Benfenati F, Maragliano L. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion Permeation in Human Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:2953-2972. [PMID: 37116214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The recent determination of cryo-EM structures of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels has revealed many details of these proteins. However, knowledge of ionic permeation through the Nav pore remains limited. In this work, we performed atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the structural features of various neuronal Nav channels based on homology modeling of the cryo-EM structure of the human Nav1.4 channel and, in addition, on the recently resolved configuration for Nav1.2. In particular, single Na+ permeation events during standard MD runs suggest that the ion resides in the inner part of the Nav selectivity filter (SF). On-the-fly free energy parametrization (OTFP) temperature-accelerated molecular dynamics (TAMD) was also used to calculate two-dimensional free energy surfaces (FESs) related to single/double Na+ translocation through the SF of the homology-based Nav1.2 model and the cryo-EM Nav1.2 structure, with different realizations of the DEKA filter domain. These additional simulations revealed distinct mechanisms for single and double Na+ permeation through the wild-type SF, which has a charged lysine in the DEKA ring. Moreover, the configurations of the ions in the SF corresponding to the metastable states of the FESs are specific for each SF motif. Overall, the description of these mechanisms gives us new insights into ion conduction in human Nav cryo-EM-based and cryo-EM configurations that could advance understanding of these systems and how they differ from potassium and bacterial Nav channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Alberini
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology (NSYN@UniGe), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Sergio Alexis Paz
- Departamento de Química Teórica y Computacional, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Beatrice Corradi
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology (NSYN@UniGe), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Cameron F Abrams
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology (NSYN@UniGe), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Maragliano
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology (NSYN@UniGe), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jami S, Deuis JR, Klasfauseweh T, Cheng X, Kurdyukov S, Chung F, Okorokov AL, Li S, Zhang J, Cristofori-Armstrong B, Israel MR, Ju RJ, Robinson SD, Zhao P, Ragnarsson L, Andersson Å, Tran P, Schendel V, McMahon KL, Tran HNT, Chin YKY, Zhu Y, Liu J, Crawford T, Purushothamvasan S, Habib AM, Andersson DA, Rash LD, Wood JN, Zhao J, Stehbens SJ, Mobli M, Leffler A, Jiang D, Cox JJ, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD, Neely GG, Durek T, Vetter I. Pain-causing stinging nettle toxins target TMEM233 to modulate Na V1.7 function. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2442. [PMID: 37117223 PMCID: PMC10147923 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels are critical regulators of neuronal excitability and are targeted by many toxins that directly interact with the pore-forming α subunit, typically via extracellular loops of the voltage-sensing domains, or residues forming part of the pore domain. Excelsatoxin A (ExTxA), a pain-causing knottin peptide from the Australian stinging tree Dendrocnide excelsa, is the first reported plant-derived NaV channel modulating peptide toxin. Here we show that TMEM233, a member of the dispanin family of transmembrane proteins expressed in sensory neurons, is essential for pharmacological activity of ExTxA at NaV channels, and that co-expression of TMEM233 modulates the gating properties of NaV1.7. These findings identify TMEM233 as a previously unknown NaV1.7-interacting protein, position TMEM233 and the dispanins as accessory proteins that are indispensable for toxin-mediated effects on NaV channel gating, and provide important insights into the function of NaV channels in sensory neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Jami
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Deuis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Tabea Klasfauseweh
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Xiaoyang Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sergey Kurdyukov
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Felicity Chung
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Andrei L Okorokov
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Shengnan Li
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jiangtao Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ben Cristofori-Armstrong
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Mathilde R Israel
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, SE1 1UL, London, UK
| | - Robert J Ju
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Samuel D Robinson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lotten Ragnarsson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Åsa Andersson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Poanna Tran
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Vanessa Schendel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kirsten L McMahon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Hue N T Tran
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yanni K-Y Chin
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yifei Zhu
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Junyu Liu
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Theo Crawford
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | | | - Abdella M Habib
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - David A Andersson
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, SE1 1UL, London, UK
| | - Lachlan D Rash
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - John N Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jing Zhao
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Samantha J Stehbens
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mobli
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Andreas Leffler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Daohua Jiang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - James J Cox
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - G Gregory Neely
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Thomas Durek
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mendes LC, Viana GMM, Nencioni ALA, Pimenta DC, Beraldo-Neto E. Scorpion Peptides and Ion Channels: An Insightful Review of Mechanisms and Drug Development. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:238. [PMID: 37104176 PMCID: PMC10145618 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Buthidae family of scorpions consists of arthropods with significant medical relevance, as their venom contains a diverse range of biomolecules, including neurotoxins that selectively target ion channels in cell membranes. These ion channels play a crucial role in regulating physiological processes, and any disturbance in their activity can result in channelopathies, which can lead to various diseases such as autoimmune, cardiovascular, immunological, neurological, and neoplastic conditions. Given the importance of ion channels, scorpion peptides represent a valuable resource for developing drugs with targeted specificity for these channels. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and classification of ion channels, the action of scorpion toxins on these channels, and potential avenues for future research. Overall, this review highlights the significance of scorpion venom as a promising source for discovering novel drugs with therapeutic potential for treating channelopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lais Campelo Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências—Toxinologia do Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Emidio Beraldo-Neto
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao F, Fang L, Wang Q, Ye Q, He Y, Xu W, Song Y. Exploring the Pivotal Components Influencing the Side Effects Induced by an Analgesic-Antitumor Peptide from Scorpion Venom on Human Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels 1.4 and 1.5 through Computational Simulation. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 15:33. [PMID: 36668853 PMCID: PMC9864070 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs, or Nav) are important determinants of action potential generation and propagation. Efforts are underway to develop medicines targeting different channel subtypes for the treatment of related channelopathies. However, a high degree of conservation across its nine subtypes could lead to the off-target adverse effects on skeletal and cardiac muscles due to acting on primary skeletal muscle sodium channel Nav1.4 and cardiac muscle sodium channel Nav1.5, respectively. For a long evolutionary process, some peptide toxins from venoms have been found to be highly potent yet selective on ion channel subtypes and, therefore, hold the promising potential to be developed into therapeutic agents. In this research, all-atom molecular dynamic methods were used to elucidate the selective mechanisms of an analgesic-antitumor β-scorpion toxin (AGAP) with human Nav1.4 and Nav1.5 in order to unravel the primary reason for the production of its adverse reactions on the skeletal and cardiac muscles. Our results suggest that the rational distribution of residues with ring structures near position 38 and positive residues in the C-terminal on AGAP are critical factors to ensure its analgesic efficacy. Moreover, the substitution for residues with benzene is beneficial to reduce its side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liangyi Fang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qi Ye
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanan He
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weizhuo Xu
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongbo Song
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Na V1.7 Channel Blocker [Ala 5, Phe 6, Leu 26, Arg 28]GpTx-1 Attenuates CFA-induced Inflammatory Hypersensitivity in Rats via Endogenous Enkephalin Mechanism. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 24:840-859. [PMID: 36586660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Venom-derived NaV1.7 channel blockers have promising prospects in pain management. The 34-residue tarantula peptide GpTx-1 is a potent NaV1.7 channel blocker. Its powerful analog [Ala5, Phe6, Leu26, Arg28]GpTx-1 (GpTx-1-71) displayed excellent NaV1.7 selectivity and analgesic properties in mice. The current study aimed to elucidate the anti-hyperalgesic activities of GpTx-1-71 in inflammatory pain and reveal the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that intrathecal and intraplantar injections of GpTx-1-71 dose-dependently attenuated CFA-induced inflammatory hypersensitivity in rats. Moreover, GpTx-1-71-induced anti-hyperalgesia was significantly reduced by opioid receptor antagonists and the enkephalin antibody and diminished in proenkephalin (Penk) gene knockout animals. Consistently, GpTx-1-71 treatment increased the enkephalin level in the spinal dorsal horn and promoted the Penk transcription and enkephalin release in primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, wherein sodium played a crucial role in these processes. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that GpTx-1-71 mainly promoted the secretion of Met-enkephalin but not Leu-enkephalin from DRG neurons. In addition, the combination of subtherapeutic Met-enkephalin and GpTx-1-71 produced synergistic anti-hyperalgesia in CFA-induced inflammatory hypersensitivity. These findings suggest that the endogenous enkephalin pathway is essential for GpTx-1-71-induced spinal and peripheral analgesia in inflammatory pain. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents a possible pharmacological mechanism underlying NaV1.7 blocker-induced analgesia in inflammatory pain, which helps us to better understand and develop venom-based painkillers for incurable pain.
Collapse
|
9
|
Monastyrnaya MM, Kalina RS, Kozlovskaya EP. The Sea Anemone Neurotoxins Modulating Sodium Channels: An Insight at Structure and Functional Activity after Four Decades of Investigation. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 15:toxins15010008. [PMID: 36668828 PMCID: PMC9863223 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many human cardiovascular and neurological disorders (such as ischemia, epileptic seizures, traumatic brain injury, neuropathic pain, etc.) are associated with the abnormal functional activity of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs/NaVs). Many natural toxins, including the sea anemone toxins (called neurotoxins), are an indispensable and promising tool in pharmacological researches. They have widely been carried out over the past three decades, in particular, in establishing different NaV subtypes functional properties and a specific role in various pathologies. Therefore, a large number of publications are currently dedicated to the search and study of the structure-functional relationships of new sea anemone natural neurotoxins-potential pharmacologically active compounds that specifically interact with various subtypes of voltage gated sodium channels as drug discovery targets. This review presents and summarizes some updated data on the structure-functional relationships of known sea anemone neurotoxins belonging to four structural types. The review also emphasizes the study of type 2 neurotoxins, produced by the tropical sea anemone Heteractis crispa, five structurally homologous and one unique double-stranded peptide that, due to the absence of a functionally significant Arg14 residue, loses toxicity but retains the ability to modulate several VGSCs subtypes.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ding LJ, Wu XM, Zhang CG, Gao PF, Zhang Y, Yang ZZ, Zhao Y. Toxin diversity revealed by de novo transcriptome assembly for venom gland in two species of spiders (Trichonephila clavata and Sinopoda pengi). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 42:100984. [PMID: 35462116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
During long-term predator-prey coevolution, spiders have generated a vast diversity of toxins. Trichonephila clavata is a web-spinning spider whose large, well-constructed webs and venomous arsenal facilitate prey capture. In contrast, Sinopoda pengi is an ambush predator with agile locomotion and strong chelicerae for hunting. In this study, transcriptomic analysis was performed to describe the predicted toxins of S. pengi and T. clavata. A total of 43 and 47 of these unigenes from S. pengi and T. clavata, respectively, were predicted to have toxin activity. Putative neurotoxins were classified to the family level according to cysteine arrangement; 4 and 6 toxin families were produced by S. pengi and T. clavata, respectively. In addition, potential metalloproteases, acetylcholinesterases, serine proteases, hyaluronidases and phospholipases were found by annotation in databases. In summary, molecular templates with potential application value for medical and biological fields were obtained by classifying and characterizing presumed venom components, which established a foundation for further study of venom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Ding
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R & D, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; Innovative Team of Dali University for Medicinal Insects & Arachnids Resources Digital Development, Dali 671000, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R & D, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; Innovative Team of Dali University for Medicinal Insects & Arachnids Resources Digital Development, Dali 671000, China
| | - Cheng-Gui Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R & D, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; Innovative Team of Dali University for Medicinal Insects & Arachnids Resources Digital Development, Dali 671000, China
| | - Peng-Fei Gao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R & D, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; Innovative Team of Dali University for Medicinal Insects & Arachnids Resources Digital Development, Dali 671000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, China
| | - Zi-Zhong Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R & D, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; Innovative Team of Dali University for Medicinal Insects & Arachnids Resources Digital Development, Dali 671000, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R & D, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; Innovative Team of Dali University for Medicinal Insects & Arachnids Resources Digital Development, Dali 671000, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Caruso L, Nadur NF, Brandão M, Peixoto Ferreira LDA, Lacerda RB, Graebin CS, Kümmerle AE. The Design of Multi-target Drugs to Treat Cardiovascular Diseases: Two (or more) Birds on one Stone. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:366-394. [PMID: 35105288 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220201151248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) comprise a group of diseases and disorders of the heart and blood vessels, which together are the number one cause of death worldwide, being associated with multiple genetic and modifiable risk factors, and that may directly arise from different etiologies. For a long time, the search for cardiovascular drugs was based on the old paradigm "one compound - one target", which aims to obtain a highly potent and selective molecule with only one desired molecular target. Although historically successful in the last decades, this approach ignores the multiple causes and the multifactorial nature of CVD's. Thus, over time, treatment strategies for cardiovascular diseases have changed and, currently, pharmacological therapies for CVD are mainly based on the association of two or more drugs to control symptoms and reduce cardiovascular death. In this context, the development of multitarget drugs, i.e, compounds having the ability to act simultaneously at multiple sites, is an attractive and relevant strategy that can be even more advantageous to achieve predictable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics correlations as well as better patient compliance. In this review, we aim to highlight the efforts and rational pharmacological bases for the design of some promising multitargeted compounds to treat important cardiovascular diseases like heart failure, atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary arterial hypertension and arrhythmia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Caruso
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM, Molecular Diversity and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory), Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Gradução em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Fonseca Nadur
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM, Molecular Diversity and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory), Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Gradução em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Brandão
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM, Molecular Diversity and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory), Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Gradução em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa de Almeida Peixoto Ferreira
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM, Molecular Diversity and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory), Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Gradução em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Renata Barbosa Lacerda
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM, Molecular Diversity and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory), Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Gradução em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Cedric Stephan Graebin
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM, Molecular Diversity and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory), Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Gradução em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Arthur Eugen Kümmerle
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM, Molecular Diversity and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory), Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Gradução em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify Alternative Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer's Disease: Insights from a Synaptic Machinery Perspective. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:273-286. [PMID: 34414562 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a serious neurodegenerative disease that has no cure yet, but whose symptoms can be alleviated with available medications. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis of the disease and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of pathogenesis are critically important. This study aimed to identify dysregulated miRNAs and their target mRNAs through the integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiling in AD patients versus unaffected controls. Expression profiles in postmortem brain samples from AD patients and healthy individuals were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and were analyzed using bioinformatics approaches to identify gene ontologies, pathways, and networks. Finally, the module analysis of the PPI network and hub gene selection was carried out. A total of five differentially expressed miRNAs were extracted from the miRNA dataset, and 4312 differentially expressed mRNAs were obtained from the mRNA dataset. By comparing the DEGs and the putative targets of the altered miRNAs, 116 (3 upregulated and 113 downregulated) coordinated genes were determined. Also, six hub genes (SNAP25, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, DLG2, ATP2B2, and SCN2A) were identified by constructing a PPI network. The results of the present study provide insight into mechanisms such as synaptic machinery and neuronal communication underlying AD pathogenesis, specifically concerning miRNAs.
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiang Y, Castro J, Blomster LV, Agwa AJ, Maddern J, Schober G, Herzig V, Chow CY, Cardoso FC, Demétrio De Souza França P, Gonzales J, Schroeder CI, Esche S, Reiner T, Brierley SM, King GF. Pharmacological Inhibition of the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Na V1.7 Alleviates Chronic Visceral Pain in a Rodent Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1362-1378. [PMID: 34423271 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human nociceptor-specific voltage-gated sodium channel 1.7 (hNaV1.7) is critical for sensing various types of somatic pain, but it appears not to play a primary role in acute visceral pain. However, its role in chronic visceral pain remains to be determined. We used assay-guided fractionation to isolate a novel hNaV1.7 inhibitor, Tsp1a, from tarantula venom. Tsp1a is 28-residue peptide that potently inhibits hNaV1.7 (IC50 = 10 nM), with greater than 100-fold selectivity over hNaV1.3-hNaV1.6, 45-fold selectivity over hNaV1.1, and 24-fold selectivity over hNaV1.2. Tsp1a is a gating modifier that inhibits NaV1.7 by inducing a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependence of channel inactivation and slowing recovery from fast inactivation. NMR studies revealed that Tsp1a adopts a classical knottin fold, and like many knottin peptides, it is exceptionally stable in human serum. Remarkably, intracolonic administration of Tsp1a completely reversed chronic visceral hypersensitivity in a mouse model of irritable bowel syndrome. The ability of Tsp1a to reduce visceral hypersensitivity in a model of irritable bowel syndrome suggests that pharmacological inhibition of hNaV1.7 at peripheral sensory nerve endings might be a viable approach for eliciting analgesia in patients suffering from chronic visceral pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Joel Castro
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.,Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Linda V Blomster
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Akello J Agwa
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jessica Maddern
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.,Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Gudrun Schober
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.,Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Volker Herzig
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chun Yuen Chow
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Fernanda C Cardoso
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Paula Demétrio De Souza França
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Junior Gonzales
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Christina I Schroeder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Stuart M Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.,Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhu S, Gao B, Peigneur S, Tytgat J. How a Scorpion Toxin Selectively Captures a Prey Sodium Channel: The Molecular and Evolutionary Basis Uncovered. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 37:3149-3164. [PMID: 32556211 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing resistance of insects to chemical pesticides is reducing the effectiveness of conventional methods for pest control and thus, the development of novel insecticidal agents is imperative. Scorpion toxins specific for insect voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) have been considered as one of the most promising insecticide alternatives due to their host specificity, rapidly evoked toxicity, biodegradability, and the lack of resistance. However, they have not been developed for uses in agriculture and public health, mainly because of a limited understanding of their molecular and evolutionary basis controlling their phylogenetic selectivity. Here, we show that the traditionally defined insect-selective scorpion toxin LqhIT2 specifically captures a prey Nav through a conserved trapping apparatus comprising a three-residue-formed cavity and a structurally adjacent leucine. The former serves as a detector to recognize and bind a highly exposed channel residue conserved in insects and spiders, two major prey items for scorpions; and the latter subsequently seizes the "moving" voltage sensor via hydrophobic interactions to reduce activation energy for channel opening, demonstrating its action in an enzyme-like manner. Based on the established toxin-channel interaction model in combination with toxicity assay, we enlarged the toxic spectrum of LqhIT2 to spiders and certain other arthropods. Furthermore, we found that genetic background-dependent cavity shapes determine the species selectivity of LqhIT2-related toxins. We expect that the discovery of the trapping apparatus will improve our understanding of the evolution and design principle of Nav-targeted toxins from a diversity of arthropod predators and accelerate their uses in pest control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunyi Zhu
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects & Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects & Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Steve Peigneur
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tytgat
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jablonski S, Lirk P. Future in regional anesthesia and pain medicine: the pharmacological view. Minerva Anestesiol 2021; 87:351-357. [PMID: 33432792 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.20.14844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Local anesthetics are still incompletely understood, and none of the currently available drugs are optimal. The primary target of local anesthetics is the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC), where they lead to a temporary interruption of nerve conduction. Unfortunately, local anesthetics are neither specific at blocking a specific VGSC isoform, nor a specific cell type. We realize now that the old classification of A and C fibers according to myelin thickness is outdated, that next to differing myelin configuration, cells differ also by their molecular biology, and that there are close to 20 different neuronal subgroups when function is concerned. The ideal local anesthetic would only block sensory impulses, or even only painful impulses. In the search for that drug, several research avenues have been followed. First, efforts have been undertaken to extend duration of local anesthetics, by additives or extended-release formulation. Second, blockade of specific pain fibers has been attempted by targeting permanently charged anesthetics specifically into nociceptors. Third, blockade of specific isoforms using antibodies, and adaptation of naturally occurring neurotoxins has shown promise. Lastly, combination of local anesthetics with other analgesics may improve their duration of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Jablonski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philipp Lirk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA -
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alsaloum M, Higerd GP, Effraim PR, Waxman SG. Status of peripheral sodium channel blockers for non-addictive pain treatment. Nat Rev Neurol 2020; 16:689-705. [PMID: 33110213 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-00415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The effective and safe treatment of pain is an unmet health-care need. Current medications used for pain management are often only partially effective, carry dose-limiting adverse effects and are potentially addictive, highlighting the need for improved therapeutic agents. Most common pain conditions originate in the periphery, where dorsal root ganglion and trigeminal ganglion neurons feed pain information into the CNS. Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels drive neuronal excitability and three subtypes - NaV1.7, NaV1.8 and NaV1.9 - are preferentially expressed in the peripheral nervous system, suggesting that their inhibition might treat pain while avoiding central and cardiac adverse effects. Genetic and functional studies of human pain disorders have identified NaV1.7, NaV1.8 and NaV1.9 as mediators of pain and validated them as targets for pain treatment. Consequently, multiple NaV1.7-specific and NaV1.8-specific blockers have undergone clinical trials, with others in preclinical development, and the targeting of NaV1.9, although hampered by technical constraints, might also be moving ahead. In this Review, we summarize the clinical and preclinical literature describing compounds that target peripheral NaV channels and discuss the challenges and future prospects for the field. Although the potential of peripheral NaV channel inhibition for the treatment of pain has yet to be realized, this remains a promising strategy to achieve non-addictive analgesia for multiple pain conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Alsaloum
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Grant P Higerd
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Philip R Effraim
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA. .,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Peschel A, Cardoso FC, Walker AA, Durek T, Stone MRL, Braga Emidio N, Dawson PE, Muttenthaler M, King GF. Two for the Price of One: Heterobivalent Ligand Design Targeting Two Binding Sites on Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Slows Ligand Dissociation and Enhances Potency. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12773-12785. [PMID: 33078946 PMCID: PMC7667638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Voltage-gated
sodium (NaV) channels are pore-forming
transmembrane proteins that play essential roles in excitable cells,
and they are key targets for antiepileptic, antiarrhythmic, and analgesic
drugs. We implemented a heterobivalent design strategy to modulate
the potency, selectivity, and binding kinetics of NaV channel
ligands. We conjugated μ-conotoxin KIIIA, which occludes the
pore of the NaV channels, to an analogue of huwentoxin-IV,
a spider-venom peptide that allosterically modulates channel gating.
Bioorthogonal hydrazide and copper-assisted azide–alkyne cycloaddition
conjugation chemistries were employed to generate heterobivalent ligands
using polyethylene glycol linkers spanning 40–120 Å. The
ligand with an 80 Å linker had the most pronounced bivalent effects,
with a significantly slower dissociation rate and 4–24-fold
higher potency compared to those of the monovalent peptides for the
human NaV1.4 channel. This study highlights the power of
heterobivalent ligand design and expands the repertoire of pharmacological
probes for exploring the function of NaV channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Peschel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Fernanda C Cardoso
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew A Walker
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas Durek
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - M Rhia L Stone
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nayara Braga Emidio
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Philip E Dawson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Peigneur S, da Costa Oliveira C, de Sousa Fonseca FC, McMahon KL, Mueller A, Cheneval O, Cristina Nogueira Freitas A, Starobova H, Dimitri Gama Duarte I, Craik DJ, Vetter I, de Lima ME, Schroeder CI, Tytgat J. Small cyclic sodium channel inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:114291. [PMID: 33075312 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels play crucial roles in a range of (patho)physiological processes. Much interest has arisen within the pharmaceutical industry to pursue these channels as analgesic targets following overwhelming evidence that NaV channel subtypes NaV1.7-NaV1.9 are involved in nociception. More recently, NaV1.1, NaV1.3 and NaV1.6 have also been identified to be involved in pain pathways. Venom-derived disulfide-rich peptide toxins, isolated from spiders and cone snails, have been used extensively as probes to investigate these channels and have attracted much interest as drug leads. However, few peptide-based leads have made it as drugs due to unfavourable physiochemical attributes including poor in vivo pharmacokinetics and limited oral bioavailability. The present work aims to bridge the gap in the development pipeline between drug leads and drug candidates by downsizing these larger venom-derived NaV inhibitors into smaller, more "drug-like" molecules. Here, we use molecular engineering of small cyclic peptides to aid in the determination of what drives subtype selectivity and molecular interactions of these downsized inhibitors across NaV subtypes. We designed a series of small, stable and novel NaV probes displaying NaV subtype selectivity and potency in vitro coupled with potent in vivo analgesic activity, involving yet to be elucidated analgesic pathways in addition to NaV subtype modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Peigneur
- Toxicology and Pharmacology, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; Department de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Laboratório de Venenos e Toxinas Animais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo-Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cristina da Costa Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávia Cristina de Sousa Fonseca
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kirsten L McMahon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Alexander Mueller
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Olivier Cheneval
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Ana Cristina Nogueira Freitas
- Department de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Laboratório de Venenos e Toxinas Animais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo-Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Hana Starobova
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Igor Dimitri Gama Duarte
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Maria Elena de Lima
- Department de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Laboratório de Venenos e Toxinas Animais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo-Horizonte, Brazil; Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte: Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Brazil
| | - Christina I Schroeder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Jan Tytgat
- Toxicology and Pharmacology, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Droctové L, Lancien M, Tran VL, Susset M, Jego B, Theodoro F, Kessler P, Mourier G, Robin P, Diarra SS, Palea S, Flahault A, Chorfa A, Corbani M, Llorens-Cortes C, Mouillac B, Mendre C, Pruvost A, Servent D, Truillet C, Gilles N. A snake toxin as a theranostic agent for the type 2 vasopressin receptor. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:11580-11594. [PMID: 33052234 PMCID: PMC7545998 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: MQ1, a snake toxin which targets with high nanomolar affinity and absolute selectivity for the type 2 vasopressin receptor (V2R), is a drug candidate for renal diseases and a molecular probe for imaging cells or organs expressing V2R. Methods: MQ1's pharmacological properties were characterized and applied to a rat model of hyponatremia. Its PK/PD parameters were determined as well as its therapeutic index. Fluorescently and radioactively labeled MQ1 were chemically synthesized and associated with moderate loss of affinity. MQ1's dynamic biodistribution was monitored by positron emission tomography. Confocal imaging was used to observe the labeling of three cancer cell lines. Results: The inverse agonist property of MQ1 very efficiently prevented dDAVP-induced hyponatremia in rats with low nanomolar/kg doses and with a very large therapeutic index. PK (plasma MQ1 concentrations) and PD (diuresis) exhibited a parallel biphasic decrease. The dynamic biodistribution showed that MQ1 targets the kidneys and then exhibits a blood and kidney biphasic decrease. Whatever the approach used, we found a T1/2α between 0.9 and 3.8 h and a T1/2β between 25 and 46 h and demonstrated that the kidneys were able to retain MQ1. Finally, the presence of functional V2R expressed at the membrane of cancer cells was, for the first time, demonstrated with a specific fluorescent ligand. Conclusion: As the most selective V2 binder, MQ1 is a new promising drug for aquaresis-related diseases and a molecular probe to visualize in vitro and in vivo V2R expressed physiologically or under pathological conditions.
Collapse
|
20
|
Pajouhesh H, Beckley JT, Delwig A, Hajare HS, Luu G, Monteleone D, Zhou X, Ligutti J, Amagasu S, Moyer BD, Yeomans DC, Du Bois J, Mulcahy JV. Discovery of a selective, state-independent inhibitor of Na V1.7 by modification of guanidinium toxins. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14791. [PMID: 32908170 PMCID: PMC7481244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated sodium channel isoform NaV1.7 is highly expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons and is obligatory for nociceptive signal transmission. Genetic gain-of-function and loss-of-function NaV1.7 mutations have been identified in select individuals, and are associated with episodic extreme pain disorders and insensitivity to pain, respectively. These findings implicate NaV1.7 as a key pharmacotherapeutic target for the treatment of pain. While several small molecules targeting NaV1.7 have been advanced to clinical development, no NaV1.7-selective compound has shown convincing efficacy in clinical pain applications. Here we describe the discovery and characterization of ST-2262, a NaV1.7 inhibitor that blocks the extracellular vestibule of the channel with an IC50 of 72 nM and greater than 200-fold selectivity over off-target sodium channel isoforms, NaV1.1-1.6 and NaV1.8. In contrast to other NaV1.7 inhibitors that preferentially inhibit the inactivated state of the channel, ST-2262 is equipotent in a protocol that favors the resting state of the channel, a protocol that favors the inactivated state, and a high frequency protocol. In a non-human primate study, animals treated with ST-2262 exhibited reduced sensitivity to noxious heat. These findings establish the extracellular vestibule of the sodium channel as a viable receptor site for the design of selective ligands targeting NaV1.7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Pajouhesh
- SiteOne Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - J T Beckley
- SiteOne Therapeutics, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA
| | - A Delwig
- SiteOne Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - H S Hajare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - G Luu
- SiteOne Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - D Monteleone
- SiteOne Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - X Zhou
- SiteOne Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - J Ligutti
- Neuroscience Department, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - S Amagasu
- Neuroscience Department, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - B D Moyer
- Neuroscience Department, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - D C Yeomans
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - J Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - J V Mulcahy
- SiteOne Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Robles-Gómez E, Benítez-Villalobos F, Soriano-García M, Antúnez-Argüelles E. Non-peptide molecules in the pedicellariae of Toxopneustes roseus. Toxicon 2020; 184:143-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
22
|
Braga JRM, Jorge ARC, Marinho AD, Silveira JADM, Nogueira-Junior FA, Valle MB, Alagón A, de Menezes RRPPB, Martins AMC, Feijão LX, Monteiro HSA, Jorge RJB. Renal effects of venoms of Mexican coral snakes Micrurus browni and Micrurus laticollaris. Toxicon 2020; 181:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
23
|
Louza GSG, Carmo LLGD, Conceição IM. Effect of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom on isolated jejunum: A very useful tool to study the interaction between neurons in the enteric nervous system. Auton Neurosci 2020; 227:102676. [PMID: 32464449 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2020.102676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Scorpion envenomation is a public health problem in tropical and subtropical areas. In Brazil, Tityus serrulatus is the biggest cause of accidents with venomous animals. Tityus serrulatus venom causes symptoms related to a great activation of the autonomic system attributed to a massive release of sympathetic and parasympathetic mediators. This effect is attributed to the presence of toxins acting in Na+ and K+ ion channels, leading to an increase in cell excitability. Although gastrointestinal symptoms, like diarrhoea and sialorrhea, is observed in moderate to severe cases, little attention is given in clinical reports. Gastrointestinal motility is controlled by the enteric nervous system which is composed of a wide variety of interconnected neurons that are influenced by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Thus, this work aimed to characterize the effects of Tityus serrulatus venom on sympathetic and parasympathetic neurotransmission of rat jejunum, as well as to investigate possibles effects on other neurons of the enteric nervous system. To this, we verify the effects of Tityus serrulatus venom on the contractility of isolated rat jejunum through organ-bath experiments. We observed that venom can induce both contraction and relaxation. The contraction was partially inhibited by atropine (1 μM) and by suramin (0.1 mM) through tetrodotoxin-resistant and sensitive mechanisms. The relaxation was completely inhibited by 3 μM propranolol and partially inhibited by 1 μM phentolamine. Suramin induced a slowing of relaxation curve. Tetrodotoxin completely inhibits the relaxation induced by Tityus serrulatus venom, but the contraction curves were only partially reduced in their initial portion. The final part of the curve was largely enhanced by Tetrodotoxin. Atropine blocks almost completely the contraction curve in the presence of Tetrodotoxin. These results indicate that Tityus serrulatus venom induces the release of both excitatory (predominantly acetylcholine) and inhibitory (mainly noradrenaline) neurotransmitters. The effects of Tityus serrulatus venom on organ contractility was quite complex and seem to derive from a diffuse and nonspecific release of mediators from autonomic and enteric nervous systems. Further investigation of venom action and its isolated toxins can reveal important aspects to deepen our knowledge about the enteric nervous system transmission and the interaction between excitatory and inhibitory mediators as well as the physiological role of Na+ and K+ ion channels in gut motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisele S G Louza
- Unit of Mode of Toxin Action (MATx), Laboratory of Pharmacology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Aspartic Acid Isomerization Characterized by High Definition Mass Spectrometry Significantly Alters the Bioactivity of a Novel Toxin from Poecilotheria. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12040207. [PMID: 32218140 PMCID: PMC7232244 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12040207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in toxinology has created a pharmacological paradox. With an estimated 220,000 venomous animals worldwide, the study of peptidyl toxins provides a vast number of effector molecules. However, due to the complexity of the protein-protein interactions, there are fewer than ten venom-derived molecules on the market. Structural characterization and identification of post-translational modifications are essential to develop biological lead structures into pharmaceuticals. Utilizing advancements in mass spectrometry, we have created a high definition approach that fuses conventional high-resolution MS-MS with ion mobility spectrometry (HDMSE) to elucidate these primary structure characteristics. We investigated venom from ten species of “tiger” spider (Genus: Poecilotheria) and discovered they contain isobaric conformers originating from non-enzymatic Asp isomerization. One conformer pair conserved in five of ten species examined, denominated PcaTX-1a and PcaTX-1b, was found to be a 36-residue peptide with a cysteine knot, an amidated C-terminus, and isoAsp33Asp substitution. Although the isomerization of Asp has been implicated in many pathologies, this is the first characterization of Asp isomerization in a toxin and demonstrates the isomerized product’s diminished physiological effects. This study establishes the value of a HDMSE approach to toxin screening and characterization.
Collapse
|
25
|
Mueller A, Dekan Z, Kaas Q, Agwa AJ, Starobova H, Alewood PF, Schroeder CI, Mobli M, Deuis JR, Vetter I. Mapping the Molecular Surface of the Analgesic Na V1.7-Selective Peptide Pn3a Reveals Residues Essential for Membrane and Channel Interactions. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:535-546. [PMID: 32566918 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Compelling human genetic studies have identified the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7 as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of pain. The analgesic spider-venom-derived peptide μ-theraphotoxin-Pn3a is an exceptionally potent and selective inhibitor of NaV1.7; however, little is known about the structure-activity relationships or channel interactions that define this activity. We rationally designed 17 Pn3a analogues and determined their activity at hNaV1.7 using patch-clamp electrophysiology. The positively charged amino acids K22 and K24 were identified as crucial for Pn3a activity, with molecular modeling identifying interactions of these residues with the S3-S4 loop of domain II of hNaV1.7. Removal of hydrophobic residues Y4, Y27, and W30 led to a loss of potency (>250-fold), while replacement of negatively charged D1 and D8 residues with a positively charged lysine led to increased potencies (>13-fold), likely through alterations in membrane lipid interactions. Mutating D8 to an asparagine led to the greatest improvement in Pn3a potency at NaV1.7 (20-fold), while maintaining >100-fold selectivity over the major off-targets NaV1.4, NaV1.5, and NaV1.6. The Pn3a[D8N] mutant retained analgesic activity in vivo, significantly attenuating mechanical allodynia in a clinically relevant mouse model of postsurgical pain at doses 3-fold lower than those with wild-type Pn3a, without causing motor-adverse effects. Results from this study will facilitate future rational design of potent and selective peptidic NaV1.7 inhibitors for the development of more efficacious and safer analgesics as well as to further investigate the involvement of NaV1.7 in pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mueller
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zoltan Dekan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Akello J Agwa
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hana Starobova
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Christina I Schroeder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mobli
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Deuis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yin K, Deuis JR, Dekan Z, Jin AH, Alewood PF, King GF, Herzig V, Vetter I. Addition of K22 Converts Spider Venom Peptide Pme2a from an Activator to an Inhibitor of Na V1.7. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8020037. [PMID: 32092883 PMCID: PMC7167818 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spider venom is a novel source of disulfide-rich peptides with potent and selective activity at voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV). Here, we describe the discovery of μ-theraphotoxin-Pme1a and μ/δ-theraphotoxin-Pme2a, two novel peptides from the venom of the Gooty Ornamental tarantula Poecilotheria metallica that modulate NaV channels. Pme1a is a 35 residue peptide that inhibits NaV1.7 peak current (IC50 334 ± 114 nM) and shifts the voltage dependence of activation to more depolarised membrane potentials (V1/2 activation: Δ = +11.6 mV). Pme2a is a 33 residue peptide that delays fast inactivation and inhibits NaV1.7 peak current (EC50 > 10 μM). Synthesis of a [+22K]Pme2a analogue increased potency at NaV1.7 (IC50 5.6 ± 1.1 μM) and removed the effect of the native peptide on fast inactivation, indicating that a lysine at position 22 (Pme2a numbering) is important for inhibitory activity. Results from this study may be used to guide the rational design of spider venom-derived peptides with improved potency and selectivity at NaV channels in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Yin
- Centre for Health Informatics, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia;
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.R.D.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.); (G.F.K.)
| | - Jennifer R. Deuis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.R.D.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.); (G.F.K.)
| | - Zoltan Dekan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.R.D.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.); (G.F.K.)
| | - Ai-Hua Jin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.R.D.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.); (G.F.K.)
| | - Paul F. Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.R.D.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.); (G.F.K.)
| | - Glenn F. King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.R.D.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.); (G.F.K.)
| | - Volker Herzig
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.R.D.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.); (G.F.K.)
- School of Science & Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.H.); (I.V.); Tel.: +61-7-5456-5382 (V.H.); +61-7-3346-2660 (I.V.)
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.R.D.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.); (G.F.K.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.H.); (I.V.); Tel.: +61-7-5456-5382 (V.H.); +61-7-3346-2660 (I.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Neff RA, Flinspach M, Gibbs A, Shih AY, Minassian NA, Liu Y, Fellows R, Libiger O, Young S, Pennington MW, Hunter MJ, Wickenden AD. Comprehensive engineering of the tarantula venom peptide huwentoxin-IV to inhibit the human voltage-gated sodium channel hNav1.7. J Biol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)49888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
28
|
Neff RA, Flinspach M, Gibbs A, Shih AY, Minassian NA, Liu Y, Fellows R, Libiger O, Young S, Pennington MW, Hunter MJ, Wickenden AD. Comprehensive engineering of the tarantula venom peptide huwentoxin-IV to inhibit the human voltage-gated sodium channel hNa v1.7. J Biol Chem 2019; 295:1315-1327. [PMID: 31871053 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is a significant public health burden in the United States, and current treatment approaches rely heavily on opioids, which often have limited efficacy and can lead to addiction. In humans, functional loss of the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 leads to pain insensitivity without deficits in the central nervous system. Accordingly, discovery of a selective Nav1.7 antagonist should provide an analgesic without abuse liability and an improved side-effect profile. Huwentoxin-IV, a component of tarantula venom, potently blocks sodium channels and is an attractive scaffold for engineering a Nav1.7-selective molecule. To define the functional impact of alterations in huwentoxin-IV sequence, we produced a library of 373 point mutants and tested them for Nav1.7 and Nav1.2 activity. We then combined favorable individual changes to produce combinatorial mutants that showed further improvements in Nav1.7 potency (E1N, E4D, Y33W, Q34S-Nav1.7 pIC50 = 8.1 ± 0.08) and increased selectivity over other Nav isoforms (E1N, R26K, Q34S, G36I, Nav1.7 pIC50 = 7.2 ± 0.1, Nav1.2 pIC50 = 6.1 ± 0.18, Nav1.3 pIC50 = 6.4 ± 1.0), Nav1.4 is inactive at 3 μm, and Nav1.5 is inactive at 10 μm We also substituted noncoded amino acids at select positions in huwentoxin-IV. Based on these results, we identify key determinants of huwentoxin's Nav1.7 inhibition and propose a model for huwentoxin-IV's interaction with Nav1.7. These findings uncover fundamental features of huwentoxin involved in Nav1.7 blockade, provide a foundation for additional optimization of this molecule, and offer a basis for the development of a safe and effective analgesic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Neff
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Mack Flinspach
- Biologics Research, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Alan Gibbs
- Structural Biology, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477
| | - Amy Y Shih
- Discovery Chemistry-Computational Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Natali A Minassian
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Yi Liu
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Ross Fellows
- Biologics Research, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Ondrej Libiger
- Translational Medicine and Early Development Statistics, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Stephanie Young
- Translational Medicine and Early Development Statistics, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | | | - Michael J Hunter
- Biologics Research, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Alan D Wickenden
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, California 92121
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Newly Discovered Action of HpTx3 from Venom of Heteropoda venatoria on Na v1.7 and Its Pharmacological Implications in Analgesia. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11120680. [PMID: 31757020 PMCID: PMC6950750 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11120680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that Heteropodatoxin3 (HpTx3), a peptidic neurotoxin purified from the venom of the spider species Heteropoda venatoria, could inhibit Kv4.2 channels. Our present study newly found that HpTx3 also has potent and selective inhibitory action on Nav1.7, with an IC50 of 135.61 ± 12.98 nM. Without effect on the current–voltage (I-V) relationship of Nav1.7, HpTx3 made minor alternation in the voltage-dependence of activation and steady-state inactivation of Nav1.7 (4.15 mV and 7.29 mV, respectively) by interacting with the extracellular S3–S4 loop (S3b–S4 sequence) in domain II and the domain IV of the Nav channel subtype, showing the characteristics of both pore blocker and gate modifier toxin. During the interaction of HpTx3 with the S3b–S4 sequence of Nav1.7, the amino acid residue D in the sequence played a key role. When administered intraperitoneally or intramuscularly, HpTx3 displayed potent analgesic activity in a dose-dependent manner in different mouse pain models induced by formalin, acetic acid, complete Freund’s adjuvant, hot plate, or spared nerve injury, demonstrating that acute, inflammatory, and neuropathic pains were all effectively inhibited by the toxin. In most cases HpTx3 at doses of ≥ 1mg/kg could produce the analgesic effect comparable to that of 1 mg/kg morphine. These results suggest that HpTx3 not only can be used as a molecular probe to investigate ion channel function and pain mechanism, but also has potential in the development of the drugs that treat the Nav1.7 channel-related pain.
Collapse
|
30
|
Jin AH, Muttenthaler M, Dutertre S, Himaya SWA, Kaas Q, Craik DJ, Lewis RJ, Alewood PF. Conotoxins: Chemistry and Biology. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11510-11549. [PMID: 31633928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The venom of the marine predatory cone snails (genus Conus) has evolved for prey capture and defense, providing the basis for survival and rapid diversification of the now estimated 750+ species. A typical Conus venom contains hundreds to thousands of bioactive peptides known as conotoxins. These mostly disulfide-rich and well-structured peptides act on a wide range of targets such as ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors, transporters, and enzymes. Conotoxins are of interest to neuroscientists as well as drug developers due to their exquisite potency and selectivity, not just against prey but also mammalian targets, thereby providing a rich source of molecular probes and therapeutic leads. The rise of integrated venomics has accelerated conotoxin discovery with now well over 10,000 conotoxin sequences published. However, their structural and pharmacological characterization lags considerably behind. In this review, we highlight the diversity of new conotoxins uncovered since 2014, their three-dimensional structures and folds, novel chemical approaches to their syntheses, and their value as pharmacological tools to unravel complex biology. Additionally, we discuss challenges and future directions for the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Hua Jin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Sebastien Dutertre
- Département des Acides Amines, Peptides et Protéines, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5247, Université Montpellier 2-Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique , Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron , Place Eugène Bataillon , 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
| | - S W A Himaya
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mulcahy JV, Pajouhesh H, Beckley JT, Delwig A, Bois JD, Hunter JC. Challenges and Opportunities for Therapeutics Targeting the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Isoform Na V1.7. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8695-8710. [PMID: 31012583 PMCID: PMC6786914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium ion channel subtype 1.7 (NaV1.7) is a high interest target for the discovery of non-opioid analgesics. Compelling evidence from human genetic data, particularly the finding that persons lacking functional NaV1.7 are insensitive to pain, has spurred considerable effort to develop selective inhibitors of this Na+ ion channel target as analgesic medicines. Recent clinical setbacks and disappointing performance of preclinical compounds in animal pain models, however, have led to skepticism around the potential of selective NaV1.7 inhibitors as human therapeutics. In this Perspective, we discuss the attributes and limitations of recently disclosed investigational drugs targeting NaV1.7 and review evidence that, by better understanding the requirements for selectivity and target engagement, the opportunity to deliver effective analgesic medicines targeting NaV1.7 endures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John V. Mulcahy
- SiteOne Therapeutics, 280 Utah Ave, Suite 250, South San Francisco, CA 94080
| | - Hassan Pajouhesh
- SiteOne Therapeutics, 280 Utah Ave, Suite 250, South San Francisco, CA 94080
| | - Jacob T. Beckley
- SiteOne Therapeutics, 351 Evergreen Drive, Suite B1, Bozeman, MT 59715
| | - Anton Delwig
- SiteOne Therapeutics, 280 Utah Ave, Suite 250, South San Francisco, CA 94080
| | - J. Du Bois
- Stanford University, Lokey Chemistry and Biology, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - John C. Hunter
- SiteOne Therapeutics, 280 Utah Ave, Suite 250, South San Francisco, CA 94080
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
de Oliveira Amaral H, Monge-Fuentes V, Biolchi Mayer A, Alves Campos GA, Soares Lopes K, Camargo LC, Ferroni Schwartz M, Galante P, Mortari MR. Animal venoms: therapeutic tools for tackling Parkinson's disease. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:2202-2211. [PMID: 31539640 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative pathology of the central nervous system, mainly involving the selective and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra, resulting in motor and non-motor symptoms. PD remains an incurable ailment; thus, treatments are limited to symptom alleviation. With long-term use, conventional treatments can become inefficient, often triggering possible side effects. Considering these drawbacks, drug discovery constantly turns to nature as a source of efficient therapeutics. Thus, this review explores animal venoms as a rich source of bioactive compounds with potent neuropharmacological profiles for the development of effective adjuvant treatments with fewer side effects, ultimately aiming for the neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons and the symptomatic relief of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique de Oliveira Amaral
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Victoria Monge-Fuentes
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
| | - Andréia Biolchi Mayer
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Avohay Alves Campos
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Kamila Soares Lopes
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Luana C Camargo
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Matheus Ferroni Schwartz
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Galante
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Márcia R Mortari
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kasheverov IE, Oparin PB, Zhmak MN, Egorova NS, Ivanov IA, Gigolaev AM, Nekrasova OV, Serebryakova MV, Kudryavtsev DS, Prokopev NA, Hoang AN, Tsetlin VI, Vassilevski AA, Utkin YN. Scorpion toxins interact with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2779-2789. [PMID: 31276191 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurotoxins are among the main components of scorpion and snake venoms. Scorpion neurotoxins affect voltage-gated ion channels, while most snake neurotoxins target ligand-gated ion channels, mainly nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). We report that scorpion venoms inhibit α-bungarotoxin binding to both muscle-type nAChR from Torpedo californica and neuronal human α7 nAChR. Toxins inhibiting nAChRs were identified as OSK-1 (α-KTx family) from Orthochirus scrobiculosus and HelaTx1 (κ-KTx family) from Heterometrus laoticus, both being blockers of voltage-gated potassium channels. With an IC50 of 1.6 μm, OSK1 inhibits acetylcholine-induced current through mouse muscle-type nAChR heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Other well-characterized scorpion toxins from these families also bind to Torpedo nAChR with micromolar affinities. Our results indicate that scorpion neurotoxins present target promiscuity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor E Kasheverov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter B Oparin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim N Zhmak
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya S Egorova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A Ivanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei M Gigolaev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana V Nekrasova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V Serebryakova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
| | - Denis S Kudryavtsev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita A Prokopev
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
| | - Anh N Hoang
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Victor I Tsetlin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Vassilevski
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny, Moscow Oblast, Russia
| | - Yuri N Utkin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gonçalves TC, Benoit E, Kurz M, Lucarain L, Fouconnier S, Combemale S, Jaquillard L, Schombert B, Chambard JM, Boukaiba R, Hessler G, Bohme A, Bialy L, Hourcade S, Béroud R, De Waard M, Servent D, Partiseti M. From identification to functional characterization of cyriotoxin-1a, an antinociceptive toxin from the spider Cyriopagopus schioedtei. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1298-1314. [PMID: 30784059 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The NaV 1.7 channel is highly expressed in dorsal root ganglia of the sensory nervous system and plays a central role in the pain signalling process. We investigated a library prepared from original venoms of 117 different animals to identify new selective inhibitors of this target. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used high throughput screening of a large venom collection using automated patch-clamp experiments on human voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes and then in vitro and in vivo electrophysiological experiments to characterize the active peptides that have been purified, sequenced, and chemically synthesized. Analgesic effects were evaluated in vivo in mice models. KEY RESULTS We identified cyriotoxin-1a (CyrTx-1a), a novel peptide isolated from Cyriopagopus schioedtei spider venom, as a candidate for further characterization. This 33 amino acids toxin belongs to the inhibitor cystine knot structural family and inhibits hNaV 1.1-1.3 and 1.6-1.7 channels in the low nanomolar range, compared to the micromolar range for hNaV 1.4-1.5 and 1.8 channels. CyrTx-1a was 920 times more efficient at inhibiting tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive than TTX-resistant sodium currents recorded from adult mouse dorsal root ganglia neurons and in vivo electrophysiological experiments showed that CyrTx-1a was approximately 170 times less efficient than huwentoxin-IV at altering mouse skeletal neuromuscular excitability properties. CyrTx-1a exhibited an analgesic effect in mice by increasing reaction time in the hot-plate assay. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The pharmacological profile of CyrTx-1a paves the way for further molecular engineering aimed to optimize the potential antinociceptive properties of this peptide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia C Gonçalves
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France.,Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Evelyne Benoit
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro-PSI), UMR CNRS/Université Paris-Sud 9197, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michael Kurz
- Integrated Drug Discovery-Synthetic Molecular Design, Sanofi R&D, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Laetitia Lucarain
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Sophie Fouconnier
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | | | | | - Brigitte Schombert
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jean-Marie Chambard
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Rachid Boukaiba
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Gerhard Hessler
- Integrated Drug Discovery-Synthetic Molecular Design, Sanofi R&D, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andrees Bohme
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Laurent Bialy
- Integrated Drug Discovery-Synthetic Molecular Design, Sanofi R&D, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stéphane Hourcade
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Neurodegeneration Research, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | | | - Michel De Waard
- Smartox Biotechnology, Saint-Egrève, France.,Institut du Thorax, Inserm UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291, LabEx "Ion Channels, Science and Therapeutics", Nantes, France
| | - Denis Servent
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel Partiseti
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Clairfeuille T, Cloake A, Infield DT, Llongueras JP, Arthur CP, Li ZR, Jian Y, Martin-Eauclaire MF, Bougis PE, Ciferri C, Ahern CA, Bosmans F, Hackos DH, Rohou A, Payandeh J. Structural basis of α-scorpion toxin action on Na v channels. Science 2019; 363:science.aav8573. [PMID: 30733386 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav8573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fast inactivation of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels is essential for electrical signaling, but its mechanism remains poorly understood. Here we determined the structures of a eukaryotic Nav channel alone and in complex with a lethal α-scorpion toxin, AaH2, by electron microscopy, both at 3.5-angstrom resolution. AaH2 wedges into voltage-sensing domain IV (VSD4) to impede fast activation by trapping a deactivated state in which gating charge interactions bridge to the acidic intracellular carboxyl-terminal domain. In the absence of AaH2, the S4 helix of VSD4 undergoes a ~13-angstrom translation to unlatch the intracellular fast-inactivation gating machinery. Highlighting the polypharmacology of α-scorpion toxins, AaH2 also targets an unanticipated receptor site on VSD1 and a pore glycan adjacent to VSD4. Overall, this work provides key insights into fast inactivation, electromechanical coupling, and pathogenic mutations in Nav channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Clairfeuille
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Cloake
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Daniel T Infield
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - José P Llongueras
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Zhong Rong Li
- Department of Biomolecular Resources, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yuwen Jian
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Pierre E Bougis
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC, UMR 7291, 13003 Marseille, France
| | - Claudio Ciferri
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Ahern
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Frank Bosmans
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - David H Hackos
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Alexis Rohou
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Jian Payandeh
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu Y, Wang K. Exploiting the Diversity of Ion Channels: Modulation of Ion Channels for Therapeutic Indications. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 260:187-205. [PMID: 31820177 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels are macromolecular proteins that form water-filled pores in cell membranes and they are critical for a variety of physiological and pharmacological functions. Dysfunctional ion channels can cause diseases known as channelopathies. Ion channels are encoded by approximately 400 genes, representing the second largest class of proven drug targets for therapeutic areas including neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, immunological diseases, nephrological diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, pulmonary/respiratory diseases, and many cancers. With more ion channel structures are being solved and functional robust assays are being developed, there are tremendous opportunities for identifying specific modulators targeting ion channels for new therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China
| | - KeWei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
K V1.2 channel-specific blocker from Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion venom: Structural basis of selectivity. Neuropharmacology 2018; 143:228-238. [PMID: 30248306 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Scorpion venom is an unmatched source of selective high-affinity ligands of potassium channels. There is a high demand for such compounds to identify and manipulate the activity of particular channel isoforms. The objective of this study was to obtain and characterize a specific ligand of voltage-gated potassium channel KV1.2. As a result, we report the remarkable selectivity of the peptide MeKTx11-1 (α-KTx 1.16) from Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion venom to this channel isoform. MeKTx11-1 is a high-affinity blocker of KV1.2 (IC50 ∼0.2 nM), while its activity against KV1.1, KV1.3, and KV1.6 is 10 000, 330 and 45 000 fold lower, respectively, as measured using the voltage-clamp technique on mammalian channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Two substitutions, G9V and P37S, convert MeKTx11-1 to its natural analog MeKTx11-3 (α-KTx 1.17) having 15 times lower activity and reduced selectivity to KV1.2. We produced MeKTx11-1 and MeKTx11-3 as well as their mutants MeKTx11-1(G9V) and MeKTx11-1(P37S) recombinantly and demonstrated that point mutations provide an intermediate effect on selectivity. Key structural elements that explain MeKTx11-1 specificity were identified by molecular modeling of the toxin-channel complexes. Confirming our molecular modeling predictions, site-directed transfer of these elements from the pore region of KV1.2 to KV1.3 resulted in the enhanced sensitivity of mutant KV1.3 channels to MeKTx11-1. We conclude that MeKTx11-1 may be used as a selective tool in neurobiology.
Collapse
|
38
|
Pan X, Li Z, Zhou Q, Shen H, Wu K, Huang X, Chen J, Zhang J, Zhu X, Lei J, Xiong W, Gong H, Xiao B, Yan N. Structure of the human voltage-gated sodium channel Na v1.4 in complex with β1. Science 2018; 362:science.aau2486. [PMID: 30190309 DOI: 10.1126/science.aau2486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels, which are responsible for action potential generation, are implicated in many human diseases. Despite decades of rigorous characterization, the lack of a structure of any human Nav channel has hampered mechanistic understanding. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the human Nav1.4-β1 complex at 3.2-Å resolution. Accurate model building was made for the pore domain, the voltage-sensing domains, and the β1 subunit, providing insight into the molecular basis for Na+ permeation and kinetic asymmetry of the four repeats. Structural analysis of reported functional residues and disease mutations corroborates an allosteric blocking mechanism for fast inactivation of Nav channels. The structure provides a path toward mechanistic investigation of Nav channels and drug discovery for Nav channelopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhangqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huaizong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiaofeng Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Juanrong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuechen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianlin Lei
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haipeng Gong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bailong Xiao
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nieng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gonçalves TC, Benoit E, Partiseti M, Servent D. The Na V1.7 Channel Subtype as an Antinociceptive Target for Spider Toxins in Adult Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1000. [PMID: 30233376 PMCID: PMC6131673 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although necessary for human survival, pain may sometimes become pathologic if long-lasting and associated with alterations in its signaling pathway. Opioid painkillers are officially used to treat moderate to severe, and even mild, pain. However, the consequent strong and not so rare complications that occur, including addiction and overdose, combined with pain management costs, remain an important societal and economic concern. In this context, animal venom toxins represent an original source of antinociceptive peptides that mainly target ion channels (such as ASICs as well as TRP, CaV, KV and NaV channels) involved in pain transmission. The present review aims to highlight the NaV1.7 channel subtype as an antinociceptive target for spider toxins in adult dorsal root ganglia neurons. It will detail (i) the characteristics of these primary sensory neurons, the first ones in contact with pain stimulus and conveying the nociceptive message, (ii) the electrophysiological properties of the different NaV channel subtypes expressed in these neurons, with a particular attention on the NaV1.7 subtype, an antinociceptive target of choice that has been validated by human genetic evidence, and (iii) the features of spider venom toxins, shaped of inhibitory cysteine knot motif, that present high affinity for the NaV1.7 subtype associated with evidenced analgesic efficacy in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia C Gonçalves
- Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery - High Content Biology, Paris, France.,Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, CEA de Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Evelyne Benoit
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, CEA de Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS/Université Paris-Sud 9197, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel Partiseti
- Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery - High Content Biology, Paris, France
| | - Denis Servent
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, CEA de Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Peigneur S, de Lima ME, Tytgat J. Phoneutria nigriventer venom: A pharmacological treasure. Toxicon 2018; 151:96-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
41
|
Toxins as tools: Fingerprinting neuronal pharmacology. Neurosci Lett 2018; 679:4-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
42
|
Ghosh A, Roy R, Nandi M, Mukhopadhyay A. Scorpion Venom-Toxins that Aid in Drug Development: A Review. Int J Pept Res Ther 2018; 25:27-37. [PMID: 32214927 PMCID: PMC7088386 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Scorpion venom components have multifaceted orientation against bacterial, viral, fungal infections and other neuronal disorders. They can modulate the ion channels (K+, Na+, Cl−, Ca2+) of our body and this concept has been hypothesized in formulating pharmaceuticals. The triumphant achievement of these venom components as formulated anticancer agent in Phase I and Phase II clinical trials allure researchers to excavate beneficial venom components prohibiting DNA replication in malignant tumor cells. This review brings forth the achievements of Science and Technology in classifying the venom components as therapeutics and further application in drug product development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Ghosh
- 1Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 16 A Park Lane, Kolkata, 700016 India
| | - Rini Roy
- 1Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 16 A Park Lane, Kolkata, 700016 India
| | - Monoswini Nandi
- 2Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Kalyani University, University Road, Near Kalyani Ghoshpara Railway Station, District Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235 India
| | - Ashis Mukhopadhyay
- 3Department of Hemato-Oncology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 16 A Park Lane, Kolkata, 700016 India.,4Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Park Street, Kolkata, West Bengal 700016 India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Meucin-49, a multifunctional scorpion venom peptide with bactericidal synergy with neurotoxins. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1025-1043. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
44
|
Pain-Causing Venom Peptides: Insights into Sensory Neuron Pharmacology. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 10:toxins10010015. [PMID: 29280959 PMCID: PMC5793102 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Venoms are produced by a wide variety of species including spiders, scorpions, reptiles, cnidarians, and fish for the purpose of harming or incapacitating predators or prey. While some venoms are of relatively simple composition, many contain hundreds to thousands of individual components with distinct pharmacological activity. Pain-inducing or "algesic" venom compounds have proven invaluable to our understanding of how physiological nociceptive neural networks operate. In this review, we present an overview of some of the diverse nociceptive pathways that can be modulated by specific venom components to evoke pain.
Collapse
|
45
|
Coevolution takes the sting out of it: Evolutionary biology and mechanisms of toxin resistance in animals. Toxicon 2017; 140:118-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|