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Garg V, Yang Y, Nowotschin S, Setty M, Kuo YY, Sharma R, Polyzos A, Salataj E, Murphy D, Jang A, Pe’er D, Apostolou E, Hadjantonakis AK. Single-cell analysis of bidirectional reprogramming between early embryonic states reveals mechanisms of differential lineage plasticities. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.28.534648. [PMID: 37034770 PMCID: PMC10081288 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.28.534648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Two distinct fates, pluripotent epiblast (EPI) and primitive (extra-embryonic) endoderm (PrE), arise from common progenitor cells, the inner cell mass (ICM), in mammalian embryos. To study how these sister identities are forged, we leveraged embryonic (ES) and eXtraembryonic ENdoderm (XEN) stem cells - in vitro counterparts of the EPI and PrE. Bidirectional reprogramming between ES and XEN coupled with single-cell RNA and ATAC-seq analyses uncovered distinct rates, efficiencies and trajectories of state conversions, identifying drivers and roadblocks of reciprocal conversions. While GATA4-mediated ES-to-iXEN conversion was rapid and nearly deterministic, OCT4, KLF4 and SOX2-induced XEN-to-iPS reprogramming progressed with diminished efficiency and kinetics. The dominant PrE transcriptional program, safeguarded by Gata4, and globally elevated chromatin accessibility of EPI underscored the differential plasticities of the two states. Mapping in vitro trajectories to embryos revealed reprogramming in either direction tracked along, and toggled between, EPI and PrE in vivo states without transitioning through the ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidur Garg
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sonja Nowotschin
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Manu Setty
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ying-Yi Kuo
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Roshan Sharma
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexander Polyzos
- Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Eralda Salataj
- Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Dylan Murphy
- Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Amy Jang
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dana Pe’er
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Effie Apostolou
- Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Xiao Y, Sosa F, Ross PJ, Diffenderfer KE, Hansen PJ. Regulation of NANOG and SOX2 expression by activin A and a canonical WNT agonist in bovine embryonic stem cells and blastocysts. Biol Open 2021; 10:bio058669. [PMID: 34643229 PMCID: PMC8649639 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine embryonic stem cells (ESC) have features associated with the primed pluripotent state including low expression of one of the core pluripotency transcription factors, NANOG. It has been reported that NANOG expression can be upregulated in porcine ESC by treatment with activin A and the WNT agonist CHIR99021. Accordingly, it was tested whether expression of NANOG and another pluripotency factor SOX2 could be stimulated by activin A and the WNT agonist CHIR99021. Immunoreactive NANOG and SOX2 were analyzed for bovine ESC lines derived under conditions in which activin A and CHIR99021 were added singly or in combination. Activin A enhanced NANOG expression but also reduced SOX2 expression. CHIR99021 depressed expression of both NANOG and SOX2. In a second experiment, activin A enhanced blastocyst development while CHIR99021 treatment impaired blastocyst formation and reduced number of blastomeres. Activin A treatment decreased blastomeres in the blastocyst that were positive for either NANOG or SOX2 but increased those that were CDX2+ and that were GATA6+ outside the inner cell mass. CHIR99021 reduced SOX2+ and NANOG+ blastomeres without affecting the number or percent of blastomeres that were CDX2+ and GATA6+. Results indicate activation of activin A signaling stimulates NANOG expression during self-renewal of bovine ESC but suppresses cells expressing pluripotency markers in the blastocyst and increases cells expressing CDX2. Actions of activin A to promote blastocyst development may involve its role in promoting trophectoderm formation. Furthermore, results demonstrate the negative role of canonical WNT signaling in cattle for pluripotency marker expression in ESC and in formation of the inner cell mass and epiblast during embryonic development. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0910, USA
| | - Froylan Sosa
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0910, USA
| | - Pablo J. Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | - Peter J. Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0910, USA
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Yang J, Fu H, Tam C, Liu P. Expanded potential: the key to synthetic embryo? Curr Opin Genet Dev 2020; 64:72-77. [PMID: 32653814 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
How does an embryo acquire totipotency and develop into an adult is a fundamental scientific question. Stem cells derived from pre-implantation embryos or reprogrammed from somatic cells with totipotency features have been established. They have enriched molecular features, including transcription, epigenetic modification, chromatin structure and metabolism, similar to early embryos from 2 cell (2C) to morula. Functionally, they display a broader developmental potential to differentiate into cell types in the embryonic and extraembryonic tissues. The expanded developmental potential was further demonstrated by inducing these stem cells into embryo-like structures alone or aggregating with other embryo-derived stem cells. The synthetic embryo-like structures not only facilitate the dissection of key events in early embryonic development, but also serve as a model for investigating pregnancy related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Haifeng Fu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 5 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Cheryl Tam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 5 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Pentao Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 5 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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Shen Q, Yu S, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Zhu Z, Pan Q, Lv S, Niu H, Li N, Peng S, Liao M, Wang H, Lei A, Miao Y, Liu Z, Hua J. Characterization of porcine extraembryonic endoderm cells. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12591. [PMID: 30896067 PMCID: PMC6536407 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To date, many efforts have been made to establish porcine embryonic stem (pES) cells without success. Extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) cells can self-renew and differentiate into the visceral endoderm and parietal endoderm. XEN cells are derived from the primitive endoderm of the inner cell mass of blastocysts and may be an intermediate state in cell reprogramming. MATERIALS AND METHODS Porcine XEN cells (pXENCs) were generated from porcine pluripotent stem cells (pPSCs) and were characterized by RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence analyses. The developmental potential of pXENCs was investigated in chimeric mouse embryos. RESULTS Porcine XEN cells derived from porcine pPSCs were successfully expanded in N2B27 medium supplemented with bFGF for least 30 passages. RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence analyses showed that pXENCs expressed the murine and canine XEN markers Gata6, Gata4, Sox17 and Pdgfra but not the pluripotent markers Oct4, Sox2 and TE marker Cdx2. Moreover, these cells contributed to the XEN when injected into four-cell stage mouse embryos. Supplementation with Chir99021 and SB431542 promoted the pluripotency of the pXENCs. CONCLUSIONS We successfully derived pXENCs and showed that supplementation with Chir99021 and SB431542 confer them with pluripotency. Our results provide a new resource for investigating the reprogramming mechanism of porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao‐Yan Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Shuai Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Zhe Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Zhen‐Shuo Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Qin Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Shan Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Hui‐Min Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Sha Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Ming‐zhi Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Hua‐Yan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - An‐Min Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yi‐Liang Miao
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhong‐Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life ScienceNorth‐East Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Jin‐Lian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
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