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Sharma E, Lal P, Kumar A, Prasad K, Tiwari RK, Lal MK, Kumar R. Colourful staples on your table: Unus ex genere suo. Food Res Int 2024; 191:114715. [PMID: 39059963 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The positive health benefits of colored staples have led to a significant increase in interest in them as healthy food ingredients. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that colored cereals are rich in antioxidants, carotenoids, and xanthophylls, which are widely used as natural additives in the food industry. Additionally, shifts in consumer preferences have led to a preference for nutritionally balanced diets over traditional high-energy ones. Thus, colored cereals offer additional nutritional value that has been previously untapped. Besides providing essential nutrients, these natural pigments also have the potential to replace synthetic colors and food additives. This review aims to provide insights into the nutritional value of various colored staples compared to conventional starchy staples and their associated health benefits. Colored staples can be incorporated into daily diets, offering a nutritious and healthful addition to the table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshita Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Priyanka Lal
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar GT Road (NH1), Phagwara, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- Division of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Killi Prasad
- Department of Horticulture, Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- Division of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India; ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
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2
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Herath A, Tiozon RJ, Kretzschmar T, Sreenivasulu N, Mahon P, Butardo V. Machine learning approach for high-throughput phenolic antioxidant screening in black Rice germplasm collection based on surface FTIR. Food Chem 2024; 460:140728. [PMID: 39121772 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Pigmented rice contains beneficial phenolic antioxidants but analysing them across germplasm collections is laborious and time-consuming. Here we utilised rapid surface Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and machine learning algorithms (ML) to predict and classify polyphenolic antioxidants. Total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins were quantified biochemically from 270 diverse global coloured rice collection and attenuated total reflectance (ATR) FTIR spectra were obtained by scanning whole grain surfaces at 800-4000 cm-1. Five ML classification models were optimised using the biochemical and spectral data which performed predictions with 93.5%-100% accuracy. Random Forest and Support Vector Machine models identified key FTIR peaks linked to flavonols, flavones and anthocyanins as important model predictors. This research successfully established direct and non-destructive surface chemistry spectroscopy of the aleurone layer of pigmented rice integrated with ML models as a viable high-throughput platform to accelerate the analysis and profiling of nutritionally valuable coloured rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achini Herath
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing, and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rhowell Jr Tiozon
- Consumer-driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Research Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Tobias Kretzschmar
- Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer-driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Research Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Peter Mahon
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing, and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vito Butardo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing, and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.
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3
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Corredor-Prado JP, Santos-Amaya OF, Pescador R. In vitro germination and reserve mobilization of Vriesea friburgensis Mez. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e273906. [PMID: 37436193 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.273906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on the germination and establishment of plants are key pieces to understanding the reproductive success of plants. This work aimed to describe in vitro germination and reserve mobilization in the bromeliad Vriesea friburgensis through morphological, histochemical, and biochemical analysis. The conditions used in this study for the in vitro germination are adequate. From the third day of in vitro inoculation, a uniform germination of 98% was obtained, exhibiting a high physiological quality of the seeds and a high potential to produce seedlings (94%). There is early reserve mobilization, which began in the imbibition phase. The accumulated reserves in the endosperm cytoplasm are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes provided by the aleurone layer. It is possible that compounds in the cell walls of the endosperm contribute to a lesser extent in mobilization. Additionally, it was observed that starch accumulation in the cotyledon increases when the seedling has formed. Results from this study provide insights for future studies on ecology, seed technology, and conservation in this species. This study contributes to the limited knowledge of the dynamics of reserves during germination and seedling establishment in Bromeliaceae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study with this approach in the genus Vriesea.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Corredor-Prado
- Universidad de Sucre, Departamento de Biología y Química, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | - O F Santos-Amaya
- Universidad de Pamplona, Departamento de Agronomía, Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - R Pescador
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
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4
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Zhang Y, Li F, Huang K, Li S, Cao H, Xie J, Guan X. Structural changes of starch under different milling degrees affect the cooking and textural properties of rice. Food Chem X 2023; 17:100627. [PMID: 36974186 PMCID: PMC10039256 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A long-term consumption of white rice increases the risk of T2D. Finding an appropriate milling degree (MD) of rice balancing nutrition and palatability benefits public health. This study investigated effects of MD-0 s, 5 s, 60 s on morphological, cooking and textural properties of rice. Texture profile analysis showed that milling decreased hardness, while increased adhesiveness of rice. SEM images showed that milling induced notches and structural damage, which facilitated gelatinization of rice determined by DSC. Leached starch was further analyzed by size exclusion chromatography and chain-length distribution. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that milling induced more leached shot-chain amylose and long-chain amylopectin, which decreased hardness and increased adhesiveness of cooked rice. Collectively, milling-induced changes of starch gelatinization and fine structure of leached starch were decisive factors of rice texture. Moderate processing improved the texture of brown rice and maintained nutrients. This would provide guidance for the health industry of whole grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Fan Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Sen Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hongwei Cao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jian Xie
- China Grain Wuhan Scientific Research & Design Institute Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
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5
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Alfredo Zambrano J, Thyagarajan A, Sardari RR, Olsson O. Characterization of high Arabinoxylan oat lines identified from a mutagenized oat population. Food Chem 2023; 404:134687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Dietary Fibre Impacts the Texture of Cooked Whole Grain Rice. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040899. [PMID: 36832977 PMCID: PMC9957187 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumers' general preference for white rice over whole grain rice stems from the hardness and low palatability of cooked whole grain rice; however, strong links have been found between consuming a large amount of white rice, leading a sedentary lifestyle, and acquiring type 2 diabetes. This led us to formulate a new breeding goal to improve the softness and palatability of whole grain rice while promoting its nutritional value. In this study, the association between dietary fibre profiles (using an enzymatic method combined with high-performance liquid chromatography) and textural properties of whole grain rice (using a texture analyser) was observed. The results showed that a variation in the ratio of soluble dietary fibre (SDF) and insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) influenced the textural characteristics of cooked whole grain rice; found a strong association between SDF to IDF ratio and hardness (r = -0.74, p < 0.01) or gumminess (r = -0.69, p < 0.01) of cooked whole grain rice, and demonstrated that the SDF to IDF ratio was also moderately correlated with cohesiveness (r = -0.45, p < 0.05), chewiness (r = -0.55, p < 0.01), and adhesiveness (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) of cooked whole grain rice. It is suggested that the SDF to IDF ratio can be used as a biomarker for breeding soft and highly palatable whole grain rice of cultivated tropical indica rice to achieve consumer well-being. Lastly, a simple modified method from the alkaline disintegration test was developed for high-throughput screening of dietary fibre profiles in the whole grain indica rice samples.
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7
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Kumar A, P N, Kumar M, Jose A, Tomer V, Oz E, Proestos C, Zeng M, Elobeid T, K S, Oz F. Major Phytochemicals: Recent Advances in Health Benefits and Extraction Method. Molecules 2023; 28:887. [PMID: 36677944 PMCID: PMC9862941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent scientific studies have established a relationship between the consumption of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols, isoprenoids, phytosterols, saponins, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, etc., with health benefits such as prevention of diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. This has led to the popularization of phytochemicals. Nowadays, foods containing phytochemicals as a constituent (functional foods) and the concentrated form of phytochemicals (nutraceuticals) are used as a preventive measure or cure for many diseases. The health benefits of these phytochemicals depend on their purity and structural stability. The yield, purity, and structural stability of extracted phytochemicals depend on the matrix in which the phytochemical is present, the method of extraction, the solvent used, the temperature, and the time of extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi 284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nirmal P
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Anina Jose
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vidisha Tomer
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Emel Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Zographou, 157 84 Athens, Greece
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tahra Elobeid
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Sneha K
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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8
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John R, Bhardwaj R, Jeyaseelan C, Bollinedi H, Singh N, Harish GD, Singh R, Nath DJ, Arya M, Sharma D, Singh S, John K J, Latha M, Rana JC, Ahlawat SP, Kumar A. Germplasm variability-assisted near infrared reflectance spectroscopy chemometrics to develop multi-trait robust prediction models in rice. Front Nutr 2022; 2022:946255. [PMID: 35992536 PMCID: PMC9386308 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.946255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is a major staple food across the world in which wide variations in nutrient composition are reported. Rice improvement programs need germplasm accessions with extreme values for any nutritional trait. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) uses electromagnetic radiations in the NIR region to rapidly measure the biochemical composition of food and agricultural products. NIRS prediction models provide a rapid assessment tool but their applicability is limited by the sample diversity, used for developing them. NIRS spectral variability was used to select a diverse sample set of 180 accessions, and reference data were generated using association of analytical chemists and standard methods. Different spectral pre-processing (up to fourth-order derivatization), scatter corrections (SNV-DT, MSC), and regression methods (partial least square, modified partial least square, and principle component regression) were employed for each trait. Best-fit models for total protein, starch, amylose, dietary fiber, and oil content were selected based on high RSQ, RPD with low SEP(C) in external validation. All the prediction models had ratio of prediction to deviation (RPD) > 2 amongst which the best models were obtained for dietary fiber and protein with R2 = 0.945 and 0.917, SEP(C) = 0.069 and 0.329, and RPD = 3.62 and 3.46. A paired sample t-test at a 95% confidence interval was performed to ensure that the difference in predicted and laboratory values was non-significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racheal John
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Rakesh Bhardwaj
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Haritha Bollinedi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - G D Harish
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources-Regional Station (ICAR-NBPGR-RS)-Barapani, Barapani, India
| | - Rakesh Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Dhrub Jyoti Nath
- Department of Soil Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, India
| | | | - Deepak Sharma
- Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Satyapal Singh
- Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - M Latha
- ICAR-NBPGR-RS-Thrishur, Thrissur, India
| | - Jai Chand Rana
- Bioversity International - India Office, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir Pal Ahlawat
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR), New Delhi, India
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9
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Badoni S, Parween S, Henry RJ, Sreenivasulu N. Systems seed biology to understand and manipulate rice grain quality and nutrition. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022:1-18. [PMID: 35723584 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2058460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most essential crops since it meets the calorific needs of 3 billion people around the world. Rice seed development initiates upon fertilization, leading to the establishment of two distinct filial tissues, the endosperm and embryo, which accumulate distinct seed storage products, such as starch, storage proteins, and lipids. A range of systems biology tools deployed in dissecting the spatiotemporal dynamics of transcriptome data, methylation, and small RNA based regulation operative during seed development, influencing the accumulation of storage products was reviewed. Studies of other model systems are also considered due to the limited information on the rice transcriptome. This review highlights key genes identified through a holistic view of systems biology targeted to modify biochemical composition and influence rice grain quality and nutritional value with the target of improving rice as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Badoni
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Manila, Philippines
| | - Sabiha Parween
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Manila, Philippines
| | - Robert J Henry
- Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Manila, Philippines
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10
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Zhang Z, Zhang B, Zhu L, Zhao W. Microstructure, Digestibility and Physicochemical Properties of Rice Grains after Radio Frequency Treatment. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121723. [PMID: 35741921 PMCID: PMC9222805 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Radio frequency (RF) energy has been successfully applied to rice drying, sterilization, and controlling pests. However, the effects of RF treatment on the microstructure, physicochemical properties, and digestibility of rice have rarely been studied. This study investigated the alteration of a multiscale structure, pasting, rheology, and digestibility of rice grains after the RF treatment. A microstructure analysis demonstrated that the RF treatment caused starch gelatinization and protein denaturation in rice grains with an increasing treatment time. After the RF treatment, indica and japonica rice (IR and JR) remained as A-type crystals, with the formation of an amylose–lipid complex. In contrast, the crystalline structure of waxy rice (WR) was disrupted. The RF treatment led to a decrease in crystallinity and short-range ordered structures. However, the DSC results indicated that the RF treatment enhanced the To, Tp, and Tc of IR and JR. The RF treatment resulted in an increase in the resistant starch (RS) of IR and JR, thereby reducing the digestibility. In addition, the pasting profiles of IR and JR after RF treatment were reduced with the increase in treatment time, while the RF-treated WR showed an opposite trend. The storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) of all samples after the RF treatment obviously increased compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenna Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Preservation Engineering of Agricultural Products, Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo 315040, China;
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Sultana S, Faruque M, Islam MR. Rice grain quality parameters and determination tools: a review on the current developments and future prospects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2071295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Sultana
- IRRI-PPP Grain Quality Testing Laboratory, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Bangladesh
| | - Muhiuddin Faruque
- IRRI-PPP Grain Quality Testing Laboratory, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rafiqul Islam
- IRRI-PPP Grain Quality Testing Laboratory, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Bangladesh
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12
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Ren S, Wan Y, Zhu X, Liu Z, Zhao W, Xie D, Wang S. Influence of gardenia yellow on in vitro slow starch digestion and its action mechanism. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6738-6747. [PMID: 35424638 PMCID: PMC8982096 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08276k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the influence of gardenia yellow on in vitro wheat starch digestion. The influence of gardenia yellow on the digestion properties of starch was determined through in vitro digestion, and its action mechanism on slow starch digestion was revealed by laser scanning confocal microscopy, enzymatic inhibition dynamics, and other means of characterization. Results showed that gardenia yellow could inhibit starch digestion, significantly increase the resistant starch and slowly digestible starch contents in starch (P < 0.05), and trigger the decrease in glycemic and hydrolysis indices. Furthermore, gardenia yellow could spontaneously bind to the catalytic sites of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, affect their secondary structures through vdW force and hydrophobic interaction, and reduce their catalytic abilities to inhibit the digestion process of wheat starch. Therefore, the interactions of gardenia yellow with starch and digestive enzymes jointly promote the slow digestion of starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuncheng Ren
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China +86-371-67789817 +86-371-67758018 +86-371-68883238 +86-371-67758018
| | - Yi Wan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China +86-371-67789817 +86-371-67758018 +86-371-68883238 +86-371-67758018
| | - Xiaoai Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China +86-371-67789817 +86-371-67758018 +86-371-68883238 +86-371-67758018
| | - Zelong Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China +86-371-67789817 +86-371-67758018 +86-371-68883238 +86-371-67758018
| | - Wenhong Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China +86-371-67789817 +86-371-67758018 +86-371-68883238 +86-371-67758018
| | - Dongdong Xie
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China +86-371-67789817 +86-371-67758018 +86-371-68883238 +86-371-67758018
| | - Shenli Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China +86-371-67789817 +86-371-67758018 +86-371-68883238 +86-371-67758018
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13
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The physiochemical and nutritional properties of high endosperm lipids rice mutants under artificially accelerated ageing. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Kaur P, Singh Sandhu K, Singh Purewal S, Kaur M, Kumar Singh S. Rye: A wonder crop with industrially important macromolecules and health benefits. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110769. [PMID: 34865784 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Rye (Secale cereale) is a rich source of macromolecules, especially starch, fiber, and proteins which encourages the researchers and industries to use it for various purposes including bakery products, beverages and edible films formulation. However, despite many nutritional and health benefiting properties, rye has not been explored up to its full potential. Interest of consumers in formulating foods with high fiber and phenolic compounds has generated our interest in compiling the detailed information on rye. The present review on rye grains summarizes the existing scientific data on rye macronutrients (starch, arabinoxylan, β-glucan, fructan and proteins) and their corresponding industrial importance. Detailed description in this review unfolds the potential of rye grains for human nutrition. This review provides comprehensive knowledge and fills the remaining gap between the previous and latest scientific findings. Comprehensive information on rye nutrients along with health benefits will help to open a new era for scientific world and industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinderpal Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, India
| | - Kawaljit Singh Sandhu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, India.
| | - Sukhvinder Singh Purewal
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, India
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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15
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Demuth T, Edwards V, Bircher L, Lacroix C, Nyström L, Geirnaert A. In vitro Colon Fermentation of Soluble Arabinoxylan Is Modified Through Milling and Extrusion. Front Nutr 2021; 8:707763. [PMID: 34513901 PMCID: PMC8424098 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.707763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fibers such as arabinoxylan (AX) are promising food constituents to prevent particular diet-related chronic diseases because of their prebiotic properties. Arabinoxylan fermentation by the gut microbiota depends on the structural architecture of AX, which can be modified during food processing and consequently affect its prebiotic potential, but it is little investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of naturally occurring and processing-induced structural alterations of the soluble AX of wheat bran and rye flour on the in vitro human colon fermentation. It was found that fermentation behavior is strongly linked to the AX fine structure and their processing-induced modifications. The short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism, acidification kinetics, bacterial growth, and bacterial composition revealed that wheat bran AX (WBAX) was fermented faster than rye flour AX. Increased levels of bound phenolic acids resulting from processing were identified as the inhibiting factor for AX fermentation kinetics. Bacterial genera promoted by AX varied between AX source and processing type, but also between microbiota. Extruded WBAX promoted butyrate production and growth of butyrate-producing Faecalibacterium in the butyrogenic microbiota while it did not enhance fermentation and inhibited the growth of Prevotella in the propiogenic microbiota. We anticipate that the findings of this study are a starting point for further investigation on the impact of processing-induced changes on the prebiotic potential of dietary fibers prior to human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Demuth
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Veronica Edwards
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lea Bircher
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Lacroix
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Nyström
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annelies Geirnaert
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Tiozon RJN, Fernie AR, Sreenivasulu N. Meeting human dietary vitamin requirements in the staple rice via strategies of biofortification and post-harvest fortification. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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17
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Hada A, Dutta TK, Singh N, Singh B, Rai V, Singh NK, Rao U. A genome-wide association study in Indian wild rice accessions for resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239085. [PMID: 32960916 PMCID: PMC7508375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice root-knot nematode (RRKN), Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the major biotic constraints in rice-growing countries of Southeast Asia. Host plant resistance is an environmentally-friendly and cost-effective mean to mitigate RRKN damage to rice. Considering the limited availability of genetic resources in the Asian rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars, exploration of novel sources and genetic basis of RRKN resistance is necessary. We screened 272 diverse wild rice accessions (O. nivara, O. rufipogon, O. sativa f. spontanea) to identify genotypes resistant to RRKN. We dissected the genetic basis of RRKN resistance using a genome-wide association study with SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) genotyped by 50K "OsSNPnks" genic Affymetrix chip. Population structure analysis revealed that these accessions were stratified into three major sub-populations. Overall, 40 resistant accessions (nematode gall number and multiplication factor/MF < 2) were identified, with 17 novel SNPs being significantly associated with phenotypic traits such as number of galls, egg masses, eggs/egg mass and MF per plant. SNPs were localized to the quantitative trait loci (QTL) on chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10 and 11 harboring the candidate genes including NBS-LRR, Cf2/Cf5 resistance protein, MYB, bZIP, ARF, SCARECROW and WRKY transcription factors. Expression of these identified genes was significantly (P < 0.01) upregulated in RRKN-infected plants compared to mock-inoculated plants at 7 days after inoculation. The identified SNPs enrich the repository of candidate genes for future marker-assisted breeding program to alleviate the damage of RRKN in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alkesh Hada
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tushar K. Dutta
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Nisha Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Balwant Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandna Rai
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Uma Rao
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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18
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Tiozon RN, Camacho DH, Bonto AP, Oyong GG, Sreenivasulu N. Efficient fortification of folic acid in rice through ultrasonic treatment and absorption. Food Chem 2020; 335:127629. [PMID: 32736156 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Folate deficiencies are prevalent in countries with insufficient food diversity. Rice fortification is seen as a viable way to improve the daily intake of folates. This work reports an efficient process of rice fortification involving ultrasonic treatment and absorption of the folic acid fortificant. Increased porosity due to sonication allowed the efficient absorption of folic acid into the brown rice kernel up to 5.195 × 104 μg/100 g, a 1,982-fold increase from its inherent content. The absorbed folic acid in brown rice has 93.53% retention after washing and cooking. Fortification of ultrasound-treated milled rice with folic acid was also efficient affording 6.559 × 104 μg/100 g, a 4,054-fold increase from its basal content. The effect of fortification caused a decrease in the thermal and pasting temperatures. The fortification also caused yellow coloration, decrease in hardness, and increase in the adhesiveness of the rice. The resulting fortified brown rice showed improved textural properties favorable for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhowell N Tiozon
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines.
| | - Drexel H Camacho
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines; Organic Materials and Interfaces Unit, CENSER, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines.
| | - Aldrin P Bonto
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines.
| | - Glenn G Oyong
- Organic Materials and Interfaces Unit, CENSER, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines.
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines.
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19
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Bose U, Broadbent JA, Byrne K, Blundell MJ, Howitt CA, Colgrave ML. Proteome Analysis of Hordein-Null Barley Lines Reveals Storage Protein Synthesis and Compensation Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5763-5775. [PMID: 32374605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hordeins are the major barley seed storage proteins and are elicitors of celiac disease. Attempts to reduce the hordein level in barley have been made; however, the resultant pleiotropic effects are less understood. Here, data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry was used to measure proteome-wide abundance differences between wild-type and single hordein-null barley lines. Using comparative quantitative proteomics, we detected proteome-wide changes (∼59%) as a result of the specific reduction in hordein proteins. The comparative analysis and functional annotation revealed an increase in non-gluten storage proteins, such as globulins and lipid transfer proteins, and proteins rich in essential amino acids in the null lines. This study yields an informative molecular portrait of the hordein-null lines and the underlying mechanisms of storage protein biosynthesis. This study indicates the extent to which protein content can be manipulated without biological consequence, and we envision its wide-scale application for studying modified crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Bose
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - James A Broadbent
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Keren Byrne
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Malcolm J Blundell
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, General Post Office Box 1700, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Crispin A Howitt
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, General Post Office Box 1700, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Michelle L Colgrave
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
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20
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Kumar A, Dash GK, Barik M, Panda PA, Lal MK, Baig MJ, Swain P. Effect of Drought stress on Resistant starch content and Glycemic index of rice (
Oryza sativa
L.). STARCH-STARKE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201900229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Awadhesh Kumar
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division ICAR‐National Rice Research Institute Cuttack Odisha India 753006
| | - Goutam Kumar Dash
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division ICAR‐National Rice Research Institute Cuttack Odisha India 753006
| | - Madhusmita Barik
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division ICAR‐National Rice Research Institute Cuttack Odisha India 753006
| | - Puja Archana Panda
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division ICAR‐National Rice Research Institute Cuttack Odisha India 753006
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry & Post‐harvest Technology ICAR‐Central Potato Research Institute Shimla HP India 171001
| | - Mirza Jaynul Baig
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division ICAR‐National Rice Research Institute Cuttack Odisha India 753006
| | - Padmini Swain
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division ICAR‐National Rice Research Institute Cuttack Odisha India 753006
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21
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Jr. VMB, Luo J, Li Z, Gidley MJ, Bird AR, Tetlow IJ, Fitzgerald M, Jobling SA, Rahman S. Functional Genomic Validation of the Roles of Soluble Starch Synthase IIa in Japonica Rice Endosperm. Front Genet 2020; 11:289. [PMID: 32300357 PMCID: PMC7142255 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme starch synthase IIa (SSIIa) in cereals has catalytic and regulatory roles during the synthesis of amylopectin that influences the functional properties of the grain. Rice endosperm SSIIa is more active in indica accessions compared to japonica lines due to functional SNP variations in the coding region of the structural gene. In this study, downregulating the expression of japonica-type SSIIa in Nipponbare endosperm resulted in either shrunken or opaque grains with an elevated proportion of A-type starch granules. Shrunken seeds had severely reduced starch content and could not be maintained in succeeding generations. In comparison, the opaque grain morphology was the result of weaker down-regulation of SSIIa which led to an elevated proportion of short-chain amylopectin (DP 6-12) and a concomitant reduction in the proportion of medium-chain amylopectin (DP 13-36). The peak gelatinization temperature of starch and the estimated glycemic score of cooked grain as measured by the starch hydrolysis index were significantly reduced. These results highlight the important role of medium-chain amylopectin in influencing the functional properties of rice grains, including its digestibility. The structural, regulatory and nutritional implications of down-regulated japonica-type SSIIa in rice endosperm are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito M. Butardo Jr.
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Jixun Luo
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Zhongyi Li
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michael J. Gidley
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Ian J. Tetlow
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Fitzgerald
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Sadequr Rahman
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- School of Science and the Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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22
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Toutounji MR, Butardo VM, Zou W, Farahnaky A, Pallas L, Oli P, Blanchard CL. A High-Throughput In Vitro Assay for Screening Rice Starch Digestibility. Foods 2019; 8:foods8120601. [PMID: 31766361 PMCID: PMC6963981 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of rice that can produce slow and steady postprandial glucose in the bloodstream is a response to alarmingly high global rates of obesity and related chronic diseases. However, rice grain quality programs from all over the world currently do not have access to a high-throughput method to distinguish rice breeding materials that are digested slowly. The objective of this study was to develop a high-throughput in vitro assay to screen the digestibility of cooked white rice grains and to investigate its ability to differentiate rice genotypes with a low starch digestibility rate. The digestibility rate and extent of three commercial rice genotypes with diverse GI values (Doongara, Reiziq and Waxy) were successfully differentiated using the protocol. Further investigations with eight rice genotypes indicated the percentage of starch hydrolysed at a single time point of the assay (SH-60) successfully differentiated genotypes with a low digestibility rate (the SH-60 of Doongara and YRL127 was 50% and 59%, respectively) from genotypes with an intermediate or high digestibility rate (SH-60 values were between 64% and 93%). Application of this methodology in rice breeding programs may assist in the screening and development of new varieties with a desirable postprandial glycaemic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R. Toutounji
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University (CSU), Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia; (M.R.T.); (W.Z.); (A.F.)
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, CSU, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Vito M. Butardo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University (CSU), Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia; (M.R.T.); (W.Z.); (A.F.)
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, CSU, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Wei Zou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University (CSU), Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia; (M.R.T.); (W.Z.); (A.F.)
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, CSU, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
- Agriculture and Food Innovation Centre, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Asgar Farahnaky
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University (CSU), Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia; (M.R.T.); (W.Z.); (A.F.)
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, CSU, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Laura Pallas
- NSW Department of Primary Industries (DPI), Yanco Agricultural Institute, Yanco, NSW 2703, Australia; (L.P.); (P.O.)
| | - Prakash Oli
- NSW Department of Primary Industries (DPI), Yanco Agricultural Institute, Yanco, NSW 2703, Australia; (L.P.); (P.O.)
| | - Christopher L. Blanchard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University (CSU), Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia; (M.R.T.); (W.Z.); (A.F.)
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, CSU, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-6933-2364
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23
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Harith ZT, Charalampopoulos D, Chatzifragkou A. Rapeseed meal hydrolysate as substrate for microbial astaxanthin production. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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24
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Cereal polysaccharides as sources of functional ingredient for reformulation of meat products: A review. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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25
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Sun J, Zhang N, Ye H, Wu D, Shu X. High-throughput method for preliminary screening of high dietary fiber rice. Food Chem 2019; 300:125192. [PMID: 31362158 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fiber has several benefits for humans, and the development of healthier rice with an improved dietary fiber composition has attracted increasing amounts of attention. Based on the method of AOAC 2002.02, we developed a simplified method to screen polished rice containing high total dietary fiber (TDF). Mutant cw with a high TDF content could be distinguished easily from R7954 (indica) and Nipponbare (japonica) by the digestion-resistant phenotype, which is characterized as an almost intact grain after hydrolysis by pepsin, pancreatic α-amylase and amyloglucosidase. The individuals identified from the F2 population showed digestion resistance all had TDF content higher than 5%, while those without a digestion-resistant phenotype had TDF content lower than 5%. The phenotype of digestion resistance could be a valuable index for identifying rice with higher TDF content, and the identification of this phenotype provides a simplified, economical and high throughput method for high TDF rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Hongxia Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Dianxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
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26
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Llorente C, Jimenez R, Brotman Y, Fernie AR, Sreenivasulu N. Rice Grain Quality Benchmarking Through Profiling of Volatiles and Metabolites in Grains Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1892:187-199. [PMID: 30397807 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8914-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometer is widely used to profile volatiles and metabolites from the homogenized rice flour obtained from mature grains. Rice grains consist of central endosperm which stores majorly starch and, in addition, accumulate various storage proteins as storage reserves. The outer nutritious aleurone layer stores lipids, sugar alcohols, volatiles, antioxidants, vitamins, and various micronutrients. Once paddy sample is dehulled, milled, and ground cryogenically, the brown rice flour is subjected to extraction of primary metabolites and volatiles using an appropriate extraction method. In metabolite profiling of the liquid extract obtained from the rice sample, mixture is initially subjected to methoxyamination then silylation before being subjected to untargeted metabolite profiling. Peaks obtained are processed for noise reduction and specific signal selection. Volatile compounds are initially extracted using a solid phase adsorbent prior to analysis. All these compounds, metabolites, and volatiles are detected in the mass selective detector by fragmentation at 70 eV ionization energy and the resultant mass spectrum compared with a built-in library of compounds. Data mined from the gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis are then subjected to post-processing statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Llorente
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Rosario Jimenez
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
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27
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Alhambra CM, Dhital S, Sreenivasulu N, Butardo VM. Quantifying Grain Digestibility of Starch Fractions in Milled Rice. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1892:241-252. [PMID: 30397809 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8914-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice is one of the staple foods which serves as the major source of carbohydrate in the human diet. A typical milled rice grain is mainly composed of starch of up to 80-90%, with an average of 6-8% proteins and some trace amounts of dietary fiber. Although cooked white rice can elicit variable glycemic response, a portion of rice starch may evade digestion in the human small intestine. The digested portion of rice can be estimated and characterized in vitro based on starch digestion extent and rate (kinetics). The indigestible portion of starch can also be quantified. This chapter will present micro-scale methods to quantify rice starch digestion rate and extent based on the sugar fractions released after treating the samples with digestive enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sushil Dhital
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Vito M Butardo
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.
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28
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Butardo VM, Sreenivasulu N, Juliano BO. Improving Rice Grain Quality: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1892:19-55. [PMID: 30397798 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8914-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice grain quality encompasses complex interrelated traits that cover biochemical composition, cooking, eating, nutritional, and sensory properties. Because rice endosperm is composed mainly of starch, rice grain quality is traditionally defined by characterizing starch structure and composition, which is then subsequently correlated with functional properties of the grain. The current proxy tests routinely used to describe rice grain quality preferences are rather limited to the estimation of apparent amylose content, gelatinization temperature, and gel consistency. Additional tests that characterize starch property, viscoelasticity, grain texture, and aroma are also employed in more advanced laboratories. However, these tests are not routinely applied in breeding programs to distinguish cooking quality classes to reflect evolving consumer preference and market demand. As consumer preferences in Asia and all over the world are diverse due to varied demographics and culture, defining uniform attributes to capture regional grain quality preferences becomes more challenging. Hence, novel and innovative proxy tests are needed to characterize rice grain quality to meet the demand for consumer preferences of commercially-released cultivars. In this chapter, the current methods employed in rice grain quality monitoring are succinctly reviewed. Future prospects for improvement are identified, introducing cutting edge technologies that can facilitate high-throughput screening of rice diversity panels and breeding lines. Aside from addressing the requirements for quality improvement in the traditional inbred rice breeding programs, we also tackled the need to enhance grain quality in the hybrid rice sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito M Butardo
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
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29
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Determination of Macronutrient and Micronutrient Content in Rice Grains Using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Methods Mol Biol 2018. [PMID: 30397810 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8914-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The rice grain endosperm is mostly composed of starch , which serves as the major source of calories for more than half of the world's population. Macro and micronutrients make a minor proportion of the rice grain, which particularly gets accumulated in outer aleurone layer, which are in general eliminated upon milling. Because rice is the major staple, it is seen as an efficient mechanism for delivering both macro- and micronutrients, particularly for the poor who do not have ample access to diversified diets. Enriching micronutrient and macronutrient concentrations in milled rice of endosperm and/or in brown rice, is an important dietary intervention to create health benefits of rice consumers. Efforts are underway to increase the nutritional content of rice through bio/fortification approaches. The plant takes up these same elements from the soil, redirect the transport of these elements into the grain. Thus besides biofortification strategies, scientists can also use the knowledge to design proper soil nutrient management to enrich micronutrients in the grains. Therefore, it is important to be able to determine the macro- and the micronutrient composition of the vegetative parts of the rice plant and of the rice grain. In this chapter, nitric-perchloric acid digestion and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) methods routinely used in IRRI's Grain Quality and Nutrition Services Laboratory (GQNSL) to determine the concentrations of various macro- and micronutrients found in the rice grain and the rice plant, are described.
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Sun J, Fu J, Wang Y, Ye H, Wu D, Shu X. Endogenous rice endosperm hemicellulose slows
in vitro
starch digestibility. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear‐Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Kaixuan Road 268# Hangzhou 310029 China
- Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd. Xixi Road 553# Hangzhou 310023 China
| | - Ji Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear‐Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Kaixuan Road 268# Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Yin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear‐Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Kaixuan Road 268# Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Hongxia Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear‐Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Kaixuan Road 268# Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Dianxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear‐Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Kaixuan Road 268# Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear‐Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Kaixuan Road 268# Hangzhou 310029 China
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Mineral Surface-Templated Self-Assembling Systems: Case Studies from Nanoscience and Surface Science towards Origins of Life Research. Life (Basel) 2018; 8:life8020010. [PMID: 29738443 PMCID: PMC6027067 DOI: 10.3390/life8020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence relates the wide range of benefits mineral surfaces offer for the development of early living systems, including adsorption of small molecules from the aqueous phase, formation of monomeric subunits and their subsequent polymerization, and supramolecular assembly of biopolymers and other biomolecules. Each of these processes was likely a necessary stage in the emergence of life on Earth. Here, we compile evidence that templating and enhancement of prebiotically-relevant self-assembling systems by mineral surfaces offers a route to increased structural, functional, and/or chemical complexity. This increase in complexity could have been achieved by early living systems before the advent of evolvable systems and would not have required the generally energetically unfavorable formation of covalent bonds such as phosphodiester or peptide bonds. In this review we will focus on various case studies of prebiotically-relevant mineral-templated self-assembling systems, including supramolecular assemblies of peptides and nucleic acids, from nanoscience and surface science. These fields contain valuable information that is not yet fully being utilized by the origins of life and astrobiology research communities. Some of the self-assemblies that we present can promote the formation of new mineral surfaces, similar to biomineralization, which can then catalyze more essential prebiotic reactions; this could have resulted in a symbiotic feedback loop by which geology and primitive pre-living systems were closely linked to one another even before life’s origin. We hope that the ideas presented herein will seed some interesting discussions and new collaborations between nanoscience/surface science researchers and origins of life/astrobiology researchers.
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Sun J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Rasmussen SK, Jiang X, Song W, Wu D, Shu X. Dependence of physiochemical, functional and textural properties of high-resistant starch rice on endogenous nonstarch polysaccharides. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310029 China
- Zhejiang Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd.; Hangzhou 310023 China
| | - Yin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Xiuqiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Søren K. Rasmussen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; Faculty of Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark
| | - Xiaotong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Wenjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Dianxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310029 China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310029 China
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Guzman MKD, Parween S, Butardo VM, Alhambra CM, Anacleto R, Seiler C, Bird AR, Chow CP, Sreenivasulu N. Investigating glycemic potential of rice by unraveling compositional variations in mature grain and starch mobilization patterns during seed germination. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5854. [PMID: 28724910 PMCID: PMC5517638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice lines with slower starch digestibility provide opportunities in mitigating the global rise in type II diabetes and related non-communicable diseases. However, screening for low glycemic index (GI) in rice breeding programs is not possible due to time and cost constraints. This study evaluated the feasibility of using in vitro cooked grain amylolysis, starch mobilization patterns during seed germination, and variation in starch structure and composition in the mature seed to differentiate patterns of starch digestibility. Mobilization patterns of total starch, resistant starch, amylose and amylopectin chains, and free sugars during seed germination revealed that the process is analogous to digestion in the human gastrointestinal tract. The combination of these biochemical markers can be used as an alternative measure to predict GI. Additionally, transcriptome analysis of stored mRNA transcripts in high and low GI lines detected differences in starch metabolism and confirmed the importance of seed storage pathways in influencing digestibility. Pathway analyses supported by metabolomics data revealed that resistant starch, cell wall non-starch polysaccharides and flavonoids potentially contribute to slower digestibility. These new insights can guide precision breeding programs to produce low GI rice with acceptable cooking quality to help mitigate the burden of diet-associated lifestyle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Krishna de Guzman
- Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, Plant Breeding Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4030, Philippines
| | - Sabiha Parween
- Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, Plant Breeding Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4030, Philippines
| | - Vito M Butardo
- Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, Plant Breeding Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4030, Philippines
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Functional Grains (FGC), Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga, Wagga NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Crisline Mae Alhambra
- Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, Plant Breeding Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4030, Philippines
| | - Roslen Anacleto
- Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, Plant Breeding Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4030, Philippines
| | - Christiane Seiler
- The Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Anthony R Bird
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Kintore Ave, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Chung-Ping Chow
- Waters Pacific Pte Ltd, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore, 117528, Singapore
- Genedata AG, Basel, CH-4053, Switzerland
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, Plant Breeding Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4030, Philippines.
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