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Harnádková K, Měšťák J, Dupej J, Jaklová LK, Kočandrlová K, Morávek A, Velemínská J. The relationship between facial directional asymmetry, handedness, chewing side preference, and eyedness. Sci Rep 2024; 14:23131. [PMID: 39366983 PMCID: PMC11452515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to describe facial directional asymmetry (DA) in individuals with different manifestations of laterality. Due to the overlap between brain and face development, a relationship between the manifestation of brain laterality and DA is hypothesised. These findings could clarify the relationship between the brain and facial phenotype and help to plan facial or oral motor rehabilitation. The DA of 163 healthy individuals was assessed by two complementary 3D methods: landmark and polygonal surface analysis using colour-coded maps. Handedness was assessed using the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, while chewing side and eye preferences were self-reported. The results showed a similar DA pattern regardless of sex and laterality (the right-sided protrusion of the forehead, nose, lips, and chin) and a slightly curved C-shape of the midline in landmark analysis. A relationship between lateralized behaviours and DA was found only in males, in females the DA pattern was more homogenous. Right-handed individuals and right-side chewers showed a protrusion of the right hemiface. Males, left-handed and left-side chewers, manifested a protrusion of the left lateral hemiface. We suggest that these specific differences in males may be due to their typically higher level of brain asymmetry. No apparent relationship was found between eyedness and DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Harnádková
- Laboratory of 3D Imaging and Analytical Methods, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 2411, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Měšťák
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine and Bulovka Hospital, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Esthé Clinic, Na Příkopě 17, 110 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Dupej
- Laboratory of 3D Imaging and Analytical Methods, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kožejová Jaklová
- Laboratory of 3D Imaging and Analytical Methods, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Kočandrlová
- Laboratory of 3D Imaging and Analytical Methods, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, V Úvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Morávek
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Velemínská
- Laboratory of 3D Imaging and Analytical Methods, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Xiao Q, Güntürkün O. “Prefrontal” Neuronal Foundations of Visual Asymmetries in Pigeons. Front Physiol 2022; 13:882597. [PMID: 35586719 PMCID: PMC9108483 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.882597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to reveal the possibly lateralized processes in the avian nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL), a functional analogue to the mammalian prefrontal cortex, during a color discrimination task. Pigeons are known to be visually lateralized with a superiority of the left hemisphere/right eye for visual feature discriminations. While animals were working on a color discrimination task, we recorded single visuomotor neurons in left and right NCL. As expected, pigeons learned faster and responded more quickly when seeing the stimuli with their right eyes. Our electrophysiological recordings discovered several neuronal properties of NCL neurons that possibly contributed to this behavioral asymmetry. We found that the speed of stimulus encoding was identical between left and right NCL but action generation was different. Here, most left hemispheric NCL neurons reached their peak activities shortly before response execution. In contrast, the majority of right hemispheric neurons lagged behind and came too late to control the response. Thus, the left NCL dominated the animals’ behavior not by a higher efficacy of encoding, but by being faster in monopolizing the operant response. A further asymmetry concerned the hemisphere-specific integration of input from the contra- and ipsilateral eye. The left NCL was able to integrate and process visual input from the ipsilateral eye to a higher degree and thus achieved a more bilateral representation of two visual fields. We combine these novel findings with those from previous publications to come up with a working hypothesis that could explain how hemispheric asymmetries for visual feature discrimination in birds are realized by a sequential buildup of lateralized neuronal response properties in the avian forebrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiao
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Xiao, ; Onur Güntürkün, , https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4173-5233
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- *Correspondence: Qian Xiao, ; Onur Güntürkün, , https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4173-5233
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Manns M, Basbasse YE, Freund N, Ocklenburg S. Paw preferences in mice and rats: Meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:593-606. [PMID: 34004244 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mice and rats are among the most common animal model species in both basic and clinical neuroscience. Despite their ubiquity as model species, many clinically relevant brain-behaviour relationships in rodents are not well understood. In particular, data on hemispheric asymmetries, an important organizational principle in the vertebrate brain, are conflicting as existing studies are often statistically underpowered due to small sample sizes. Paw preference is one of the most frequently investigated forms of hemispheric asymmetries on the behavioural level. Here, we used meta-analysis to statistically integrate findings on paw preferences in rats and mice. For both species, results indicate significant hemispheric asymmetries on the individual level. In mice, 81 % of animals showed a preference for either the left or the right paw, while 84 % of rats showed this preference. However, contrary to what has been reported in humans, population level asymmetries were not observed. These results are particularly significant as they point out that paying attention to potential individual hemispheric differences is important in both basic and clinical neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Manns
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.
| | - Yasmin El Basbasse
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department Biopsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Nadja Freund
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department Biopsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
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Affective styles and emotional lateralization: A promising framework for animal welfare research. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Asymmetry of turning behavior in rats is modulated by early life stress. Behav Brain Res 2020; 393:112807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Tomassetti D, Caracciolo S, Manciocco A, Chiarotti F, Vitale A, De Filippis B. Personality and lateralization in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Behav Processes 2019; 167:103899. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2019.103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Vaughan E, Le A, Casey M, Workman KP, Lacreuse A. Baseline cortisol levels and social behavior differ as a function of handedness in marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Am J Primatol 2019; 81:e23057. [PMID: 31566763 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Population hand preferences are rare in nonhuman primates, but individual hand preferences are consistent over a lifetime and considered to reflect an individual's preference to use a particular hemisphere when engaged in a specific task. Previous findings in marmosets have indicated that left-handed individuals tend to be more fearful than their right-handed counterparts. Based on these findings, we tested the hypotheses that left-handed marmosets are (a) more reactive to a social stressor and (b) are slower than right-handed marmosets in acquiring a reversal learning task. We examined the hand preference of 27 male and female marmosets (ages of 4-7 years old) previously tested in a social separation task and a reversal learning task. Hand preference was determined via a simple reaching task. In the social separation task, monkeys were separated from their partner and the colony for a single 7-hr session. Urinary cortisol levels and behavior were assessed at baseline, during the separation and 24 hr postseparation. Hand preferences were equally distributed between left (n = 10), right-handed (n = 10), and ambidextrous (n = 7) individuals. The separation phase was associated with an increase in cortisol levels and behavioral changes that were similar across handedness groups. However, cortisol levels at baseline were positively correlated with right-handedness, and this relationship was stronger in females than in males. In addition, the occurrence of social behaviors (pre- and postseparation) was positively correlated with right-handedness in both sexes. Baseline cortisol levels did not correlate significantly with social behavior. Acquisition of the reversals was poorer in females than males but did not differ as a function of handedness. We conclude that (a) both stress reactivity and cognitive flexibility are similar across handedness groups and (b) left-handers exhibit less social behavior and have lower basal cortisol levels than ambidextrous and right-handed subjects. The underlying causes for these differences remain to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Vaughan
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Annie Le
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Michaela Casey
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Kathryn P Workman
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Agnès Lacreuse
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts.,Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
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Fernández-Lázaro G, Latorre R, Alonso-García E, Barja Núñez I. Nonhuman primate welfare: Can there be a relationship between personality, lateralization and physiological indicators? Behav Processes 2019; 166:103897. [PMID: 31271769 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2019.103897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Measuring personality is being used to improved nonhuman primate welfare. To expand its use, it is important to identify traits that are shared between species and that measures are reliable, easy to use and less time consuming. Combining personality and other indicators strong validation of the results can be obtained. In the present study, we sought to determine if there is a link between physiological stress response (fecal cortisol metabolites), personality (ratings made by animal keepers and reaction to novel objects) and lateralization of the brain (hand preferences) on eight species of nonhuman primates: Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix geoffroyi, Cebuella Pygmaea, Saguinus imperator, Saguinus oedipus, Leontopithecus rosalia, Pithecia pithecia and Nycticebus pygmaeus. Personality assessments achieved good levels of interrater reliability and revealed three components of personality in our sample: fearfulness, activeness and aggressiveness. More exploratory individuals were more active, aggressive and showed higher cortisol metabolite levels. Right-handed subjects inspected novel objects sooner and the strength of the lateralization was linked with individual stress and the aggressiveness component. Our results highlight that there is a relation between personality, lateralization and physiological indicators in nonhuman primates, but although some aspects can be generalized across species and/or sexes others are species/sex dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Fernández-Lázaro
- Friends of Thoreau Program, Instituto Franklin, Universidad de Alcalá, Trinidad 1, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Roberto Latorre
- Grupo de Neurocomputación Biológica, Departamento de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Alonso-García
- Friends of Thoreau Program, Instituto Franklin, Universidad de Alcalá, Trinidad 1, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Barja Núñez
- Departamento de Biología, Unidad de Zoología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Darwin 2, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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