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Fendler A, Stephan C, Ralla B, Jung K. Discordant Health Implications and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin D in Clinical and Preclinical Studies of Prostate Cancer: A Critical Appraisal of the Literature Data. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5286. [PMID: 38791324 PMCID: PMC11120741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical studies have provided conflicting data on the postulated beneficial effects of vitamin D in patients with prostate cancer. In this opinion piece, we discuss reasons for discrepancies between preclinical and clinical vitamin D studies. Different criteria have been used as evidence for the key roles of vitamin D. Clinical studies report integrative cancer outcome criteria such as incidence and mortality in relation to vitamin D status over time. In contrast, preclinical vitamin D studies report molecular and cellular changes resulting from treatment with the biologically active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) in tissues. However, these reported changes in preclinical in vitro studies are often the result of treatment with biologically irrelevant high calcitriol concentrations. In typical experiments, the used calcitriol concentrations exceed the calcitriol concentrations in normal and malignant prostate tissue by 100 to 1000 times. This raises reasonable concerns regarding the postulated biological effects and mechanisms of these preclinical vitamin D approaches in relation to clinical relevance. This is not restricted to prostate cancer, as detailed data regarding the tissue-specific concentrations of vitamin D metabolites are currently lacking. The application of unnaturally high concentrations of calcitriol in preclinical studies appears to be a major reason why the results of preclinical in vitro studies hardly match up with outcomes of vitamin D-related clinical studies. Regarding future studies addressing these concerns, we suggest establishing reference ranges of tissue-specific vitamin D metabolites within various cancer entities, carrying out model studies on human cancer cells and patient-derived organoids with biologically relevant calcitriol concentrations, and lastly improving the design of vitamin D clinical trials where results from preclinical studies guide the protocols and endpoints within these trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Fendler
- Department of Urology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.F.); (B.R.)
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Stephan
- Department of Urology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.F.); (B.R.)
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ralla
- Department of Urology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.F.); (B.R.)
| | - Klaus Jung
- Department of Urology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.F.); (B.R.)
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Stinson J, McCall C, Dobbs RW, Mistry N, Rosenberg A, Nettey OS, Sharma P, Dixon M, Sweis J, Macias V, Sharifi R, Kittles RA, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Murphy AB. Vitamin D and genetic ancestry are associated with apoptosis rates in benign and malignant prostatic epithelium. Prostate 2023; 83:352-363. [PMID: 36479698 PMCID: PMC9870946 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D metabolites may be protective against prostate cancer (PCa). We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate associations between in vivo vitamin D status, genetic ancestry, and degree of apoptosis using prostatic epithelial terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Benign and tumor epithelial punch biopsies of participants with clinically localized PCa underwent indirect TUNEL staining. Serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D were assessed immediately before radical prostatectomy; levels of prostatic 25(OH)D were obtained from the specimen once the prostate was extracted. Ancestry informative markers were used to estimate the percentage of genetic West African, Native American, and European ancestry. RESULTS One hundred twenty-one newly diagnosed men, age 40-79, were enrolled between 2013 and 2018. Serum 25(OH)D correlated positively with both tumor (ρ = 0.17, p = 0.03), and benign (ρ = 0.16, p = 0.04) prostatic epithelial TUNEL staining. Similarly, prostatic 25(OH)D correlated positively with both tumor (ρ = 0.31, p < 0.001) and benign (ρ = 0.20, p = 0.03) epithelial TUNEL staining. Only Native American ancestry was positively correlated with tumor (ρ = 0.22, p = 0.05) and benign (ρ = 0.27, p = 0.02) TUNEL staining. In multivariate regression models, increasing quartiles of prostatic 25(OH)D (β = 0.25, p = 0.04) and Native American ancestry (β = 0.327, p = 0.004) were independently associated with tumor TUNEL staining. CONCLUSIONS Physiologic serum and prostatic 25(OH)D levels and Native American ancestry are positively associated with the degree of apoptosis in tumor and benign prostatic epithelium in clinically localized PCa. Vitamin D may have secondary chemoprevention benefits in preventing PCa progression in localized disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Stinson
- Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago IL
| | - Cordero McCall
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Ryan W. Dobbs
- Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago IL
| | - Neil Mistry
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Adrian Rosenberg
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Oluwarotimi S. Nettey
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Michael Dixon
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Jamila Sweis
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Virgilia Macias
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | | | - Rick A. Kittles
- Division of Health Equities, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte CA
| | - Andre Kajdacsy-Balla
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Adam B. Murphy
- Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago IL
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
- Section of Urology, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago IL
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Vitamin D Metabolites in Nonmetastatic High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients with and without Zoledronic Acid Treatment after Prostatectomy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061560. [PMID: 35326710 PMCID: PMC8946001 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent research on prostate cancer and vitamin D is controversial. We measured three vitamin D3 metabolites in 32 selected prostate cancer patients after surgery at four time points over four years. Within a large European study, half of the patients were prophylactically treated with zoledronic acid (ZA); the others received a placebo. After the study start, all the patients daily took calcium and vitamin D3. The development of metastasis was not affected by ZA treatment. While two vitamin D metabolites had higher values after the study’s start, with constant follow-up values, the 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 concentrations remained unchanged. The latter form was the only metabolite that was higher in the patients with metastasis as compared to those without bone metastasis. This result is surprising. However, it is too premature to discuss possible prognostic value yet. Our results should be confirmed in larger cohorts. Abstract There are limited and discrepant data on prostate cancer (PCa) and vitamin D. We investigated changes in three vitamin D3 metabolites in PCa patients after prostatectomy with zoledronic acid (ZA) treatment regarding their metastasis statuses over four years. In 32 patients from the ZEUS trial, 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 1,25(OH)2D3 were measured with liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry at four time points. All the patients received daily calcium and vitamin D3. Bone metastases were detected in 7 of the 17 ZA-treated patients and in 5 of the 15 controls (without ZA), without differences between the groups (p = 0.725). While 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 increased significantly after the study’s start, with following constant values, the 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations remained unchanged. ZA treatment did not change the levels of the three metabolites. 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 were not associated with the development of bone metastases. In contrast, 1,25(OH)2D3 was also higher in patients with bone metastasis before the study’s start. Thus, in high-risk PCa patients after prostatectomy, 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 1,25(OH)2D3 were not affected by supportive ZA treatment or by the development of metastasis over four years, with the exception of 1,25(OH)2D3, which was constantly higher in metastatic patients. There might be potential prognostic value if the results can be confirmed.
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García-Olivares M, Romero-Córdoba S, Ortiz-Sánchez E, García-Becerra R, Segovia-Mendoza M, Rangel-Escareño C, Halhali A, Larrea F, Barrera D. Regulation of anti-tumorigenic pathways by the combinatory treatment of calcitriol and TGF-β in PC-3 and DU145 cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 209:105831. [PMID: 33582304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcitriol and transforming growth factors beta (TGF-β) are involved in several biological pathways such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and invasion. Their cellular effects could be similar or opposite depending on the genetic target, cell type and context. Despite the reported association of calcitriol deficiency and disruption of the TGF-β pathway in prostate cancer and the well-known independent effects of calcitriol and TGF-βs on cancer cells, there is limited information regarding the cellular effects of calcitriol and TGF-β in combination. In this study, we in vitro analyze the combinatory effects of calcitriol and TGF-β on cell growth and apoptosis using PC-3 and DU145 human prostate cancer cell lines. Using high-throughput microarray profiling of PC-3 cells upon independent and combinatory treatments, we identified distinct transcriptional landscapes of each intervention, with a higher effect established by the combinatorial treatment, following by TGF-β1 and later by calcitriol. A set of genes and enriched pathways converge among the treatments, mainly between the combinatory scheme and TGF-β1, but the majority were treatment-specific. Of note, CYP24A1, IGFBP3, CDKN1A, NOX4 and UBE2D3 were significantly up-regulated upon the combinatorial treatment whereas CCNA1, members of the CT45A and APOBEC3 family were down-regulated. By public RNA signatures, we were able to confirm the regulation by the co-treatment over cell proliferation and cell cycle. We finally investigated the possible clinical impact of genes modulated by the combinatorial treatment using benchmark prostate cancer data. This comprehensive analysis reveals that the combinatory treatment impairs cell growth without affecting apoptosis and their combinatory actions might synergize and improved their individual effects to reprogram prostate cancer signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitzi García-Olivares
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción "Dr. Carlos Gual Castro", Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez, Sección XVI, Ciudad de México, 14080, México
| | - Sandra Romero-Córdoba
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez, Sección XVI, Ciudad de México, 14080, México
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rocío García-Becerra
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Claudia Rangel-Escareño
- Laboratorio de Genómica Computacional y Biología Integrativa, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur 4809, Ciudad de México, 14610, México; Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Epigmenio González 500, Soriana, 76140 Santiago de Querétaro, Qro. México
| | - Ali Halhali
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción "Dr. Carlos Gual Castro", Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez, Sección XVI, Ciudad de México, 14080, México
| | - Fernando Larrea
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción "Dr. Carlos Gual Castro", Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez, Sección XVI, Ciudad de México, 14080, México
| | - David Barrera
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción "Dr. Carlos Gual Castro", Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez, Sección XVI, Ciudad de México, 14080, México.
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MaitiDutta S, Chen G, Maiti S. Tocopherol Moderately Induces the Expressions of Some Human Sulfotransferases, which are Activated by Oxidative Stress. Cell Biochem Biophys 2020; 78:439-446. [PMID: 32897507 PMCID: PMC9199087 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-020-00938-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is generated in biological system by several endogenous/exogenous factors like environmental-pollution/toxicity/diseases and by daily-life-stress. We previously showed that oxidative-stress impaired the activities/expressions of phase-II drug-metabolizing enzyme, sulfotransferases (SULTs). The SULT catalyzes sulfation of endogenous/exogenous compounds. Vitamin E is globally consumed by a large number of individuals for the cellular protection from oxidative stress and aging. Here, vitamin E (tocopherol; α/γ and tocotrienol; α/γ; 0, 1, 10, or 100 μM) was tested in human carcinoma cell line, HepG2 for their influences on SULTs expression/(western blotting). The effects of oxidant (glutathione-oxidized/GSSG) or reductant (glutathione-reduced/GSH, Dithiothreitol/DTT) on SULT activities were studied in rat-liver/human intestinal tissues. Results suggest, tocopherol is more inductive to monoamine-SULT (MPST) and Dehydroepiandrosterone-SULT (DHEAST) compared to that of tocotrienol (inconsistent change in PPST, phenol sulfotransferase/MPST/EST, estrogen sulfotransferase). The nuclear-factor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) was found to be induced moderately. This study overall describes that vitamin E moderately influences SULTs expression. The induction ability of tocopherol should be judged taking into account its long-term consummation. Oxidative stress activates rat and human SULTs activities and expressions. Further studies are necessary in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangita MaitiDutta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Guangping Chen
- Venture I OSU Laboratory, Oklahoma Technology & Research Park, 1110S. Innovation Way, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA
| | - Smarajit Maiti
- Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India.
- Agricure Biotech Research Society, Epidemiology and Human Health Division, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721101, India.
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Maksymchuk OV, Kashuba VI. Altered expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in metabolism of androgens and vitamin D in the prostate as a risk factor for prostate cancer. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:1161-1172. [PMID: 32681429 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignant disease among men. The signaling pathways, regulated by the androgen and vitamin D receptors, play a key role in prostate cancer. The intracellular level of androgens and vitamin D determines not only receptor functionality, but also the efficacy of cellular processes regulated by them (cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation etc.). It is known that several androgen-metabolizing P450s (CYP3A4/5/43 and CYP2B6) and P450 enzymes (CYP2R1, CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, CYP3A4, CYP2J2), which are necessary for vitamin D metabolism, are expressed in the prostate. It was shown that alterations in an expression pattern of the certain cytochrome P450s might lead to the development of castration-resistant cancer (CYP3A4, CYP2J2, CYP24A1), and to chemo-resistance (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP2B6) and early mortality (CYP2B6, CYP27A1, CYP24A1). Moreover, steroidogenic CYPs (CYP17A1, CYP11A1) are not expressed in normal prostate tissue. Alterations in their expression levels in steroidogenic tissues are closely associated with carcinogenesis, and, most importantly, with the development of aggressive forms of prostate cancer. Hence, it is important, to study how expression of CYPs in the prostate might be regulated, to understand the mechanisms of disease development and to improve the effectiveness of therapy. Several CYPs (CYP3A43, CYP2B6, CYP27A1, CYP24A1) can be considered as prognostic and diagnostic markers of prostate cancer. To propose personalized treatment, individual differences in CYP expression should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana V Maksymchuk
- Department of Molecular Oncogenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Zabolotnogo Street, Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine.
| | - Vladimir I Kashuba
- Department of Molecular Oncogenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Zabolotnogo Street, Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
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Post-treatment levels of plasma 25- and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D and mortality in men with aggressive prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7736. [PMID: 32385370 PMCID: PMC7210996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D may reduce mortality from prostate cancer (PC). We examined the associations of post-treatment plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations with PC mortality. Participants were PC cases from the New South Wales Prostate Cancer Care. All contactable and consenting participants, at 4.9 to 8.6 years after diagnosis, were interviewed and had plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) measured in blood specimens. Cox regression allowing for left-truncation was used to calculate adjusted mortality hazards ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for all-cause and PC-specific mortality in relation to vitamin D levels and other potentially-predictive variables. Of the participants (n = 111; 75·9% response rate), there were 198 deaths from any cause and 41 from PC in the study period. Plasma 25(OH)D was not associated with all-cause or PC-specific mortality (p-values > 0·10). Plasma 1,25(OH)2D was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (HR for highest relative to lowest quartile = 0·45; 95% CI: 0·29-0·69), and PC-specific mortality (HR = 0·40; 95% CI: 0·14-1·19). These associations were apparent only in men with aggressive PC: all-cause mortality HR = 0·28 (95% CI·0·15-0·52; p-interaction = 0·07) and PC-specific mortality HR = 0·26 (95% CI: 0·07-1.00). Time spent outdoors was also associated with lower all-cause (HR for 4th relative to 1st exposure quartile = 0·42; 95% CI: 0·24-0·75) and PC-specific (HR = 0·48; 95% CI: 0·14-1·64) mortality, although the 95% CI for the latter was wide. The inverse association between post-treatment plasma 1,25(OH)2D levels and all-cause and PC-specific mortality in men with aggressive PC, suggest a possible beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation in these men.
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Tuğrul B, Söylev S, Temiz P, Gençoğlan G. Investigation of effect of vitamin D receptor, calcium-sensing receptor and β-catenin on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2019-0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a malignant and invasive tumor which is originated from epidermis with a high incidence among non-melanoma skin cancers. The aim of this study was to determine whether vitamin D receptor (VDR), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and beta catenin (β-catenin) proteins have an effect on cSCC.Materials and methodsVDR, CaSR and β-catenin proteins in tissue samples of cSCC and control group were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting (WB) method. IHC findings were statistically evaluated.ResultsIHC staining density of VDR and β-catenin were higher in cSCC tissue samples than control. The difference between IHC staining density of VDR and β-catenin in the patient and the control groups were statistically significant (p = 0.021, p = 0.021, respectively), but not for CaSR (p = 0.237). While the VDR and β-catenin staining rates obtained by the IHC method could be supported by WB results, the WB bands for CaSR could not be shown.ConclusionThe findings suggest that VDR and β-catenin may have an effect on the disease. Further research is required to better understand the role of VDR and β-catenin together on cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berrin Tuğrul
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Sevinç Söylev
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Peyker Temiz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Gülsüm Gençoğlan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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Han J, Tang Y, Zhong M, Wu W. Antitumor effects and mechanisms of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the Pfeiffer diffuse large B lymphoma cell line. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:5064-5074. [PMID: 31638226 PMCID: PMC6854594 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in China. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] has been shown to possess significant antitumor potential and is degraded by 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1). In the present study, the role of CYP24A1 and autophagy, and their underlying mechanisms in the anticancer effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 in DLBCL cells, were investigated. It was found that the levels of CYP24A1 in DLBCL lymph node tissues were higher than in hyperplasia lymphadenitis tissue. Moreover, the expression of CYP24A1 was positively associated with the Ann Arbor stage and the International Prognostic Index in patients with DLBCL, and negatively associated with the clinical response to treatment. Patients >60 years of age were found to have a higher level of CYP24A1. 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the proliferation of the Pfeiffer DLBCL cell line and increased the G1 phase population of Pfeiffer cells. Rapamycin (RAPA) in combination with 1,25(OH)2D3 increased the G1 phase distribution of Pfeiffer cells. Furthermore, RAPA blocked the increase of CYP24A1 and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression induced by 1,25(OH)2D3. 1,25(OH)2D3 induced the formation of autophagosomes, increased the expression of autophagy related protein light chain (LC)3II/LC3I and reduced the expression of the ubiquitin binding protein P62. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased the phosphorylation of AKT and mammalian target of RAPA (mTOR), and downstream targets eukaryotic translation imitation factor 4E-binding protein 1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase β-1 in Pfeiffer cells. The results from the present study suggested that CYP24A1 may be a novel prognostic indicator for DLBCL. 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited proliferation and induced autophagy of Pfeiffer cells. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 increased the G1 phase population of Pfeiffer cells. These effects may be mediated by inhibition of the AKT/mTOR/PI3K signaling pathway. RAPA increased the cell cycle arrest induced by 1,25(OH)2D3 by blocking the upregulated expression of CYP24A1 and VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Tang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Meizuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wenlin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
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Repurposing vitamin D for treatment of human malignancies via targeting tumor microenvironment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:203-219. [PMID: 30972274 PMCID: PMC6437556 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells along with a small proportion of cancer stem cells exist in a stromal microenvironment consisting of vasculature, cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells and extracellular components. Recent epidemiological and clinical studies strongly support that vitamin D supplementation is associated with reduced cancer risk and favorable prognosis. Experimental results suggest that vitamin D not only suppresses cancer cells, but also regulates tumor microenvironment to facilitate tumor repression. In this review, we have outlined the current knowledge on epidemiological studies and clinical trials of vitamin D. Notably, we summarized and discussed the anticancer action of vitamin D in cancer cells, cancer stem cells and stroma cells in tumor microenvironment, providing a better understanding of the role of vitamin D in cancer. We presently re-propose vitamin D to be a novel and economical anticancer agent.
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Key Words
- 1,25(OH)2D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
- 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3
- 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D
- CAF, cancer-associated fibroblast
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- CSC, cancer stem cell
- Cancer stem cell
- Cancer-associated fibroblast
- DBP/GC, vitamin D-binding protein
- ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- GI, gastrointestinal
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PC, pancreatic adenocarcinoma
- PG, prostaglandin
- PSC, pancreatic stellate cells
- TDEC, tumor derived endothelial cell
- TIC, tumor initiating cell
- TIL, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- Tumor microenvironment
- Tumor-derived endothelial cell
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte
- VDR, vitamin D receptor
- VDRE, VDR element
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- Vitamin D
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11
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Leighton X, Bera A, Eidelman O, Bubendorf L, Zellweger T, Banerjee J, Gelmann EP, Pollard HB, Srivastava M. Tissue microarray analysis delineate potential prognostic role of Annexin A7 in prostate cancer progression. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205837. [PMID: 30321230 PMCID: PMC6188866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Annexin A7 (ANXA7) is a member of the multifunctional calcium or phospholipid-binding annexin gene family. While low levels of ANXA7 are associated with aggressive types of cancer, the clinical impact of ANXA7 in prostate cancer remains unclear. Tissue microarrays (TMA) have revealed several new molecular markers in human tumors. Herein, we have identified the prognostic impact of ANXA7 in a prostate cancer using a tissue microarray containing 637 different specimens. Methods The patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer and long-term follow-up information on progression (median 5.3 years), tumor-specific and overall survival data (median 5.9 years) were available. Expression of Ki67, Bcl-2, p53, CD-10 (neutral endopeptidase), syndecan-1 (CD-138) and ANXA7 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results A bimodal distribution of ANXA7 was observed. Tumors expressing either high or no ANXA7 were found to be associated with poor prognosis. However, ANXA7 at an optimal level, in between high and no ANXA7 expression, had a better prognosis. This correlated with low Ki67, Bcl-2, p53 and high syndecan-1 which are known predictors of early recurrence. At Gleason grade 3, ANXA7 is an independent predictor of poor overall survival with a p-value of 0.003. Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy, which is known to be associated with overexpression of Bcl-2 and inhibition of Ki67 LI and CD-10, was found to be associated with under-expression of ANXA7. Conclusions The results of this TMA study identified ANXA7 as a new prognostic factor and indicates a bimodal correlation to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Leighton
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine (USUHS), Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Alakesh Bera
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine (USUHS), Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Ofer Eidelman
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine (USUHS), Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jaideep Banerjee
- George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Edward P. Gelmann
- Department of Medicine, Colombia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Harvey B. Pollard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine (USUHS), Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Meera Srivastava
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine (USUHS), Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Foster PA, Mueller JW. SULFATION PATHWAYS: Insights into steroid sulfation and desulfation pathways. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:T271-T283. [PMID: 29764919 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sulfation and desulfation pathways represent highly dynamic ways of shuttling, repressing and re-activating steroid hormones, thus controlling their immense biological potency at the very heart of endocrinology. This theme currently experiences growing research interest from various sides, including, but not limited to, novel insights about phospho-adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate synthase and sulfotransferase function and regulation, novel analytics for steroid conjugate detection and quantification. Within this review, we will also define how sulfation pathways are ripe for drug development strategies, which have translational potential to treat a number of conditions, including chronic inflammatory diseases and steroid-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Foster
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR)University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jonathan Wolf Mueller
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR)University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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13
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Quagliariello V, Rossetti S, Cavaliere C, Di Palo R, Lamantia E, Castaldo L, Nocerino F, Ametrano G, Cappuccio F, Malzone G, Montanari M, Vanacore D, Romano FJ, Piscitelli R, Iovane G, Pepe MF, Berretta M, D'Aniello C, Perdonà S, Muto P, Botti G, Ciliberto G, Veneziani BM, De Falco F, Maiolino P, Caraglia M, Montella M, Iaffaioli RV, Facchini G. Metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptors and prostate cancer associations: biochemical and pathophysiological evidences. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30606-30616. [PMID: 28389628 PMCID: PMC5444769 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the main pathophysiological basis of the relationship between metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptor exposure and prostate cancer that is the most common cancer among men in industrialized countries. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic and hormonal factors having a central role in the initiation and recurrence of many western chronic diseases including hormonal-related cancers and it is considered as the worlds leading health problem in the coming years. Many biological factors correlate metabolic syndrome to prostate cancer and this review is aimed to focus, principally, on growth factors, cytokines, adipokines, central obesity, endocrine abnormalities and exposure to specific endocrine disruptors, a cluster of chemicals, to which we are daily exposed, with a hormone-like structure influencing oncogenes, tumor suppressors and proteins with a key role in metabolism, cell survival and chemo-resistance of prostate cancer cells. Finally, this review will analyze, from a molecular point of view, how specific foods could reduce the relative risk of incidence and recurrence of prostate cancer or inhibit the biological effects of endocrine disruptors on prostate cancer cells. On the basis of these considerations, prostate cancer remains a great health problem in terms of incidence and prevalence and interventional studies based on the treatment of metabolic syndrome in cancer patients, minimizing exposure to endocrine disruptors, could be a key point in the overall management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Quagliariello
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology , Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale' - IRCCS, Naples, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Abdominal Department, National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation, Napoli, Italy.,Association for Multidisciplinary Studies in Oncology and Mediterranean Diet, Piazza Nicola Amore, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossetti
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology , Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale' - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Cavaliere
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Department of Onco-Ematology Medical Oncology, S.G. Moscati Hospital of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - Rossella Di Palo
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Radiation Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elvira Lamantia
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Castaldo
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Division of Urology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology , Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale' - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Nocerino
- Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ametrano
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Radiation Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappuccio
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Psicology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gabriella Malzone
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Micaela Montanari
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Vanacore
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy
| | - Francesco Jacopo Romano
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy
| | - Raffaele Piscitelli
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Pharmacy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Fondazione G. Pascale Naples, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Iovane
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology , Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale' - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Filomena Pepe
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Berretta
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.,Association for Multidisciplinary Studies in Oncology and Mediterranean Diet, Piazza Nicola Amore, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine D'Aniello
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.R.N. dei COLLI "Ospedali Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO", Napoli, Italy
| | - Sisto Perdonà
- Division of Urology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology , Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale' - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Muto
- Radiation Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Directorate, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Veneziani
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco De Falco
- Psicology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Piera Maiolino
- Pharmacy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Fondazione G. Pascale Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Montella
- Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosario Vincenzo Iaffaioli
- Medical Oncology, Abdominal Department, National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation, Napoli, Italy.,Association for Multidisciplinary Studies in Oncology and Mediterranean Diet, Piazza Nicola Amore, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Facchini
- Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l'implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo - Regione Campania, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology , Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale' - IRCCS, Naples, Italy.,Association for Multidisciplinary Studies in Oncology and Mediterranean Diet, Piazza Nicola Amore, Naples, Italy
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14
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Zheng L, Zhang W, Li A, Liu Y, Yi B, Nakhoul F, Zhang H. PTPN2 Downregulation Is Associated with Albuminuria and Vitamin D Receptor Deficiency in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:3984797. [PMID: 30246029 PMCID: PMC6136551 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3984797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation plays a major role in albuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our previous studies have shown that the expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) is downregulated in T2DM which is closely associated with the severity of albuminuria. In this study, we investigated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 2 (PTPN2) in T2DM and explored its relationship to albuminuria and VDR. METHODS 101 T2DM patients were divided into three groups based on urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR): normal albuminuria (uACR < 30 mg/g, n = 29), microalbuminuria (30 mg/g ≤ uACR < 300 mg/g, n = 34), and macroalbuminuria (uACR ≥ 300 mg/g, n = 38). Thirty healthy individuals were included as controls. Serum was analyzed for PTPN2 and IL-6 expression, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed for PTPN2 and VDR expression. THP-1 cells were incubated with high glucose and further treated with or without paricalcitol, a vitamin D analog. The levels of PTPN2, VDR, IL-6, TNFα, and MCP-1 were analyzed. In addition, anti-inflammatory activities of PTPN2 were further explored in THP-1 cells stimulated with high glucose after PTPN2 silencing or overexpression. RESULTS PTPN2 expression was downregulated in T2DM with the lowest level observed in macroalbuminuria patients. PTPN2 level positively correlated with VDR but negatively correlated with uACR and IL-6. When stimulated with high glucose, there was an increase in inflammatory factors and a decrease in PTPN2 expression. Treatment with paricalcitol reversed these effects. However, paricalcitol failed to exert anti-inflammatory effects in the setting of PTPN2 knockdown. Thus, low levels of PTPN2 aggravated glucose-stimulated inflammation, while high levels of PTPN2 reduced it. CONCLUSION PTPN2, an anti-inflammatory factor regulated by VDR, was reduced in T2DM CKD stages 1-2. Taken together, our results suggest that therapeutic strategies that enhance PTPN2 may be beneficial for controlling inflammation in T2DM.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Albuminuria/blood
- Albuminuria/diagnosis
- Albuminuria/etiology
- Albuminuria/urine
- Biomarkers/blood
- Biomarkers/urine
- Case-Control Studies
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Creatinine/urine
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/urine
- Diabetic Nephropathies/blood
- Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis
- Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/urine
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Humans
- Inflammation/blood
- Inflammation/diagnosis
- Inflammation/etiology
- Inflammation/urine
- Interleukin-6/blood
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2/blood
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2/genetics
- Receptors, Calcitriol/blood
- Receptors, Calcitriol/deficiency
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/urine
- THP-1 Cells
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Aimei Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Farid Nakhoul
- Diabetic Nephropathy Lab, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine in Galilee, 15208 Lower Galilee, Israel
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
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15
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Wang Z, Wu D, Ng CF, Teoh JYC, Yu S, Wang Y, Chan FL. Nuclear receptor profiling in prostatospheroids and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:35-50. [PMID: 29042395 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs), which belong to a superfamily of transcription factors and consist of a total of 48 members in humans, govern the expression of genes involved in a board range of developmental, reproductive, metabolic and immunological programs. Given the significant importance of androgen receptor and a few known NRs in the progression of prostate cancer, we surveyed the expression profiles of the entire NR superfamily in three-dimensional cultured prostatospheroids derived from different prostate cancer cell lines and a tumor xenograft model of castration-resistant prostate cancer VCaP-CRPC by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Our results revealed that prostatospheroids and castration-relapse VCaP-CRPC xenografts, both contained enriched populations of prostate cancer stem/progenitor-like cells (PCSCs), displayed distinct expression patterns of NRs. Intriguingly, most of these differentially expressed NRs were orphan NRs and showed upregulation. Pairwise analysis identified five orphan NRs (including RORβ, TLX, COUP-TFII, NURR1 and LRH-1) that showed common upregulation in both mRNA and protein levels in the prostatospheroids and castration-relapse VCaP-CRPC xenografts, and overexpression of these orphan NRs could increase cancer stem cell marker expressions and enhance spheroid formation capacity in prostate cancer cells, suggesting that these orphan NRs might perform positive roles in the growth regulation of PCSCs and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Together, our NR expression dataset not only revealed the distinct physiologic status and regulatory roles governed by the networks of specific NRs but also some of these identified orphan NRs could be the potential therapeutic targets for PCSCs or castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- COUP Transcription Factor II/genetics
- COUP Transcription Factor II/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/metabolism
- Orphan Nuclear Receptors
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/metabolism
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/pathology
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/genetics
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of UrologyPeople's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dinglan Wu
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The Clinical Innovation & Research CenterShenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chi-Fai Ng
- Department of SurgeryFaculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
- Department of SurgeryFaculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shan Yu
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Franky L Chan
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Bandera Merchan B, Morcillo S, Martin-Nuñez G, Tinahones FJ, Macías-González M. The role of vitamin D and VDR in carcinogenesis: Through epidemiology and basic sciences. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 167:203-218. [PMID: 27913313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades vitamin D (VD) research has demonstrated new extraskeletal actions of this pre-hormone, suggesting a protective role of this secosteroid in the onset, progression and prognosis of several chronic noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus or cancer. Regarding carcinogenesis, both preclinical and epidemiological evidence available show oncoprotective actions of VD and its receptor, the VDR. However, in late neoplastic stages the VD system (VDS) seems to be less functional, which appears to be due to an epigenetic silencing of the system. In preclinical experimental studies, VD presents oncoprotective actions through modulation of inflammation, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, angiogenesis, invasive and metastatic potential, apoptosis, miRNA expression regulation and modulation of the Hedgehog signalling pathway. Moreover, epidemiological evidence points towards an oncoprotective role of vitamin D and VDR in colorectal cancer. This association is more controversial with breast, ovarian and prostate cancers, although with a few adverse effects. Nonetheless, we should consider other factors to determine the benefit of increased serum concentration of VD. Much of the epidemiological evidence is still inconclusive, and we will have to wait for new, better-designed ongoing RCTs and their results to discern the real effect of vitamin D in cancer risk reduction and therapy. The objective of this literature review is to offer an up-to-date analysis of the role of the VD and VDR, in the onset, progression and prognosis of all types of cancer. We further discuss the available literature and suggest new hypotheses and future challenges in the field of VD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Bandera Merchan
- Unidad de Gestiòn Clìnica y Endocrinologìa y Nutriciòn, Instituto de Investigaciòn Biomèdica de Màlaga (IBIMA),Complejo Hospitalario de Màlaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Màlaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Morcillo
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CB06/03),Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gracia Martin-Nuñez
- Unidad de Gestiòn Clìnica y Endocrinologìa y Nutriciòn, Instituto de Investigaciòn Biomèdica de Màlaga (IBIMA),Complejo Hospitalario de Màlaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Màlaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestiòn Clìnica y Endocrinologìa y Nutriciòn, Instituto de Investigaciòn Biomèdica de Màlaga (IBIMA),Complejo Hospitalario de Màlaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Màlaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CB06/03),Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Macías-González
- Unidad de Gestiòn Clìnica y Endocrinologìa y Nutriciòn, Instituto de Investigaciòn Biomèdica de Màlaga (IBIMA),Complejo Hospitalario de Màlaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Màlaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CB06/03),Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Aggarwal A, Kállay E. Cross Talk between the Calcium-Sensing Receptor and the Vitamin D System in Prevention of Cancer. Front Physiol 2016; 7:451. [PMID: 27803671 PMCID: PMC5067519 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is epidemiological evidence for the cancer preventive effect of dietary calcium (Ca2+) and vitamin D. This effect is strongest in colorectal cancer (CRC). The active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), bound to its receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates the expression of hundreds of different genes in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. While Ca2+ acts through multiple mechanisms and pathways, some of its effects are mediated by the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). The joint action of Ca2+ and 1,25D3 is due to the fact that both regulate some of the main processes involved in the development of various cancers, such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and inflammation. Moreover, 1,25D3, bound to VDR can induce translation of the CaSR, while the amount and activity of the CaSR affects 1,25D3 signaling. However, the complexity of the cross-talk between the CaSR and the vitamin D system goes beyond regulating similar pathways and affecting each other's expression. Our aim was to review some of the mechanisms that drive the cross-talk between the vitamin D system and the CaSR with a special focus on the interaction in CRC cells. We evaluated the molecular evidence that supports the epidemiological observation that both vitamin D and calcium are needed for protection against malignant transformation of the colon and that their effect is modulated by the presence of a functional CaSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Aggarwal
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaVienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics/Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Stanford UniversityStanford, CA, USA
| | - Enikö Kállay
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
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