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Dadon Y, Hecht Sagie L, Mimouni FB, Arad I, Mendlovic J. Vitamin D and Insulin-Dependent Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2024; 16:1042. [PMID: 38613075 PMCID: PMC11013464 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Vitamin D supplementation after type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) onset has led to conflicting results on beta-cell preservation. Aim: This paper presents a systematic review to verify whether randomized prospective controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrate that improved vitamin D status confers protection on T1DM. (2) Methods: A systematic review was conducted up until 18 January 2024 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, searching MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, using keywords "vitamin D", "type 1 diabetes", and "children". (3) Results: Following the above-mentioned search process, 408 articles in PubMed and 791 in Embase met inclusion criteria. After removing duplicates, 471 articles remained. After exclusion criteria, 11 RCTs remained. Because of major heterogeneity in design and outcomes, no meta-analyses were conducted, allowing only for qualitative analyses. There was no strong evidence that vitamin D supplementation has lasting effects on beta-cell preservation or glycemic control in new-onset T1DM. (4) Conclusions: More rigorous, larger studies are needed to demonstrate whether vitamin D improves beta-cell preservation or glycemic control in new-onset T1DM. Because T1DM may cause osteopenia, it is advisable that patients with new onset T1DM have adequate vitamin D stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Dadon
- Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 9101002, Israel (J.M.)
| | | | - Francis B. Mimouni
- Leumit Health Services Research Center, Tel Aviv 6473817, Israel;
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Iris Arad
- School of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel
| | - Joseph Mendlovic
- Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 9101002, Israel (J.M.)
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Affiliated with the Hadassah-Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
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2
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Usoltseva L, Ioutsi V, Panov Y, Antsupova M, Rozhinskaya L, Melnichenko G, Mokrysheva N. Serum Vitamin D Metabolites by HPLC-MS/MS Combined with Differential Ion Mobility Spectrometry: Aspects of Sample Preparation without Derivatization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098111. [PMID: 37175816 PMCID: PMC10179168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In current clinical practice, a thorough understanding of vitamin D metabolism is in high demand both for patients with various diseases and for healthy individuals. Analytical techniques that provide simultaneous measurement of multiple metabolites are preferred. Herein, the development of an HPLC-DMS-MS/MS method for the quantitation of vitamin D compounds (25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 1,25(OH)2D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, and D3) in serum is described. The selected sample preparation procedure based on the combination of liquid-liquid and solid-phase extraction, which excluded a lengthy derivatization step, was compared with other common approaches. Sensitivity was increased through the implementation of differential ion mobility separation. The proposed assay allowed us to determine the low abundant 1,25(OH)2D3 with the detection limit of 10 pg/mL. The validation study showed good linearity (r2 > 0.99), a wide analytical range (2.5-75 ng/mL for 25(OH)D3), and acceptable precision (<7%) for all metabolites. The recovery ranged from 71% to 93% and the matrix effect from 0.80 to 0.95 depending on the metabolite; accuracy determination was performed using DEQAS controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuriy Panov
- Endocrinology Research Centre, 117292 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Lee SA, Torres-Mendoza LJ, Stein HH. Effects of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) and 1-hydroxycholecalciferol (1-OH-D3) on serum bone biomarkers and calcium and phosphorus balance and concentrations of energy in diets without or with microbial phytase fed to sows in late gestation. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:skac299. [PMID: 36074541 PMCID: PMC9584150 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to test the hypothesis that supplementation of diets for gestating sows with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) or 1-hydroxycholecalciferol (1-OH-D3) affects serum biomarkers for bone and increases Ca and P balance and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE), and the concentrations of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) in diets without or with microbial phytase. Sixty multiparous sows were allotted to 1 of 6 diets. Diets were formulated using a 3 × 2 factorial with 3 inclusions of supplemental vitamin D metabolite (no metabolite, 25-OH-D3, or 1-OH-D3) and 2 inclusion levels of microbial phytase (0 or 1,000 units). Sows were housed individually in metabolism crates and feces and urine were collected quantitatively. Results indicated that there was no difference in the ATTD of dry matter (DM) and GE and concentration of DE among the 3 diets containing microbial phytase, but the ATTD of DM and GE and concentration of DE was greater (P < 0.05) in diets containing 1-OH-D3 compared with the diet without a vitamin D metabolite if phytase was not used (interaction; P < 0.05). In diets without microbial phytase, ME was greater in diets containing either one of the 2 vitamin D metabolites than in the diet without a vitamin D metabolite, but among diets with microbial phytase, the ME of the 1-OH-D3 diet was less than of the 25-OH-D3 diet (interaction; P < 0.05). No effect of microbial phytase on concentrations of DE and ME was observed. There was no interaction between supplementation of microbial phytase and vitamin D metabolites for Ca and P balances, and regardless of metabolite supplementation, use of microbial phytase increased (P < 0.05) the ATTD and retention of Ca and P. Regardless of dietary phytase, the ATTD and retention of Ca and P increased (P < 0.05) for sows fed a diet containing one of the vitamin D metabolites compared with sows fed the diet without a vitamin D metabolite. Serum biomarkers for bone resorption or bone tissue synthesis were not affected by experimental diets. In conclusion, the ATTD of DM and GE, concentrations of DE and ME, and Ca and P balance in phytase-free diets fed to sows in late gestation were increased by supplementation with 1-OH-D3 or 25-OH-D3, but no differences between the 2 vitamin D metabolites were observed. Supplementation of diets with microbial phytase increased Ca and P balance, but did not affect DE and ME of diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su A Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Hans H Stein
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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4
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Alexandridou A, Schorr P, Stokes CS, Volmer DA. Analysis of vitamin D metabolic markers by mass spectrometry: Recent progress regarding the "gold standard" method and integration into clinical practice. Mass Spectrom Rev 2021. [PMID: 34967037 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry is firmly established today as the gold standard technique for analysis of vitamin D, both for vitamin D status assessments as well as for measuring complex and intricate vitamin D metabolic fingerprints. While the actual mass spectrometry technology has seen only incremental performance increases in recent years, there have been major, very impactful changes in the front- and back-end of MS-based vitamin D assays; for example, the extension to new types of biological sample matrices analyzed for an increasing number of different vitamin D metabolites, novel sample preparation techniques, new powerful chemical derivatization reagents, as well the continued integration of high resolution mass spectrometers into clinical laboratories, replacing established triple-quadrupole instruments. At the same time, the sustainability of mass spectrometry operation in the vitamin D field is now firmly established through proven analytical harmonization and standardization programs. The present review summarizes the most important of these recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Schorr
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caroline S Stokes
- Food and Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Dietrich A Volmer
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Boelt SG, Melgaard L, Thorbek MJ, MacSween NSJ, McGrath JJ, Cohen AS. Sensitive and Robust LC-MS/MS Assay to Quantify 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Leftover Protein Extract from Dried Blood Spots. Int J Neonatal Screen 2021; 7:ijns7040082. [PMID: 34940052 PMCID: PMC8704356 DOI: 10.3390/ijns7040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal dried blood spots (DBS) provide a remarkable resource for biobanks. These microsamples can provide information related to the genetic correlates of disease and can be used to quantify a range of analytes, such as proteins and small molecules. However, after routine neonatal screening, the amount of DBS sample available is limited. To optimize the use of these samples, there is a need for sensitive assays which are integrated across different analytic platforms. For example, after DNA extraction, protein extracts are available for additional analyses. We describe a sensitive and robust LC-MS/MS method for 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 optimized for leftover protein extracts from DBS, which has excellent recovery, precision, and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Grundvad Boelt
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders—Clinical Mass Spectrometry Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.G.B.); (L.M.); (M.J.T.); (N.S.J.M.); (A.S.C.)
| | - Lars Melgaard
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders—Clinical Mass Spectrometry Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.G.B.); (L.M.); (M.J.T.); (N.S.J.M.); (A.S.C.)
| | - Marta Jadwiga Thorbek
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders—Clinical Mass Spectrometry Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.G.B.); (L.M.); (M.J.T.); (N.S.J.M.); (A.S.C.)
| | - Nadia Sara Jensen MacSween
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders—Clinical Mass Spectrometry Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.G.B.); (L.M.); (M.J.T.); (N.S.J.M.); (A.S.C.)
| | - John J. McGrath
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 26, Building 2640, DK-8210 Aarhus V, Denmark
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Arieh S. Cohen
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders—Clinical Mass Spectrometry Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.G.B.); (L.M.); (M.J.T.); (N.S.J.M.); (A.S.C.)
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Zelzer S, Meinitzer A, Herrmann M, Goessler W, Enko D. A Novel Method for the Determination of Vitamin D Metabolites Assessed at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091288. [PMID: 34572501 PMCID: PMC8470512 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain’s supply with vitamin D is poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D) and 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (24,25(OH)2D3) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from individuals with intact and disturbed brain-CSF-barrier (BCB) function. In 292 pairs of serum and CSF samples the vitamin D metabolites were measured with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). CSF/serum ratios (QALB, Q25(OH)D, Q24,25(OH)2D3) were calculated. Median (IQR) serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D3 were 63.8 (43.4–83.9) nmol/L and 4.2 (2.2–6.2) nmol/L. The CSF concentrations of both metabolites accounted for 3.7 and 3.3% of the respective serum concentrations. Serum 25(OH)D correlated inversely with Q25(OH)D and Q24,25(OH)2D3 implying a more efficient transport of both metabolites across the BCB when the serum concentration of 25(OH)D is low. In patients with BCB dysfunction, the CSF concentrations and the CSF/serum ratios of both vitamin D metabolites were higher than in individuals with intact BCB. The CSF concentrations of 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D3 depend on BCB function and the respective serum concentrations of both metabolites. Higher vitamin D metabolite concentrations in CSF of patients with impaired BCB function may be due to passive diffusion across the BCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.); (D.E.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (M.H.); Tel.: +43-316-385-13145 (S.Z. & M.H.); Fax: +43-316-385-13430 (S.Z. & M.H.)
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.); (D.E.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (M.H.); Tel.: +43-316-385-13145 (S.Z. & M.H.); Fax: +43-316-385-13430 (S.Z. & M.H.)
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Dietmar Enko
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.); (D.E.)
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Hochsteiermark, 8700 Leoben, Austria
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7
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Abstract
The active metabolites of vitamin D3 (D3) and lumisterol (L3) exert a variety of antiaging and photoprotective effects on the skin. These are achieved through immunomodulation and include anti-inflammatory actions, regulation of keratinocytes proliferation, and differentiation programs to build the epidermal barrier necessary for maintaining skin homeostasis. In addition, they induce antioxidative responses, inhibit DNA damage and induce DNA repair mechanisms to attenuate premature skin aging and cancerogenesis. The mechanism of action would involve interaction with multiple nuclear receptors including VDR, AhR, LXR, reverse agonism on RORα and -γ, and nongenomic actions through 1,25D3-MARRS receptor and interaction with the nongenomic binding site of the VDR. Therefore, active forms of vitamin D3 including its canonical (1,25(OH)2D3) and noncanonical (CYP11A1-intitated) D3 derivatives as well as L3 derivatives are promising agents for the prevention, attenuation, or treatment of premature skin aging. They could be administrated orally and/or topically. Other forms of parenteral application of vitamin D3 precursor should be considered to avoid its predominant metabolism to 25(OH)D3 that is not recognized by CYP11A1 enzyme. The efficacy of topically applied vitamin D3 and L3 derivatives needs further clinical evaluation in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgeta Bocheva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Radomir M. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Graduate Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Veteran Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (A.T.S.)
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Qayyum S, Mohammad T, Slominski RM, Hassan MI, Tuckey RC, Raman C, Slominski AT. Vitamin D and lumisterol novel metabolites can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication machinery enzymes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E246-E251. [PMID: 34181461 PMCID: PMC8328521 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00174.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency significantly correlates with the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Molecular docking-based virtual screening studies predict that novel vitamin D and related lumisterol hydroxymetabolites are able to bind to the active sites of two SARS-CoV-2 transcription machinery enzymes with high affinity. These enzymes are the main protease (Mpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), which play important roles in viral replication and establishing infection. Based on predicted binding affinities and specific interactions, we identified 10 vitamin D3 (D3) and lumisterol (L3) analogs as likely binding partners of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and RdRP and, therefore, tested their ability to inhibit these enzymes. Activity measurements demonstrated that 25(OH)L3, 24(OH)L3, and 20(OH)7DHC are the most effective of the hydroxymetabolites tested at inhibiting the activity of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro causing 10%-19% inhibition. These same derivatives as well as other hydroxylumisterols and hydroxyvitamin D3 metabolites inhibited RdRP by 50%-60%. Thus, inhibition of these enzymes by vitamin D and lumisterol metabolites may provide a novel approach to hindering the SARS-CoV-2 infection.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Active forms of vitamin D and lumisterol can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication machinery enzymes, which indicates that novel vitamin D and lumisterol metabolites are candidates for antiviral drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariq Qayyum
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Radomir M Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Robert C Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
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Zelzer S, Prüller F, Curcic P, Sloup Z, Holter M, Herrmann M, Mangge H. Vitamin D Metabolites and Clinical Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072129. [PMID: 34206219 PMCID: PMC8308267 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Vitamin D, a well-established regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism, also has immune-modulatory functions. An uncontrolled immune response and cytokine storm are tightly linked to fatal courses of COVID-19. The present retrospective study aimed to inves-tigate vitamin D status markers and vitamin D degradation products in a mixed cohort of 148 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with various clinical courses of COVID-19. (2) Methods: The serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 25,26(OH)2D3 were determined by a validated liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry method in leftover serum samples from 148 COVID-19 patients that were admitted to the University Hospital of the Medical Uni-versity of Graz between April and November 2020. Anthropometric and clinical data, as well as outcomes were obtained from the laboratory and hospital information systems. (3) Results: From the 148 patients, 34 (23%) died within 30 days after admission. The frequency of fatal outcomes did not differ between males and females. Non-survivors were significantly older than survivors, had higher peak concentrations of IL-6 and CRP, and required mechanical ventilation more frequently. The serum concentrations of all vitamin D metabolites and the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) did not differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors. Additionally, the need for res-piratory support was unrelated to the serum concentrations of 25(OH)D vitamin D and the two vitamin D catabolites, as well as the VMR. (4) Conclusion: The present results do not support a relevant role of vitamin D for the course and outcome of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (F.P.); (P.C.); (Z.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Florian Prüller
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (F.P.); (P.C.); (Z.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Pero Curcic
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (F.P.); (P.C.); (Z.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Zdenka Sloup
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (F.P.); (P.C.); (Z.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Magdalena Holter
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (F.P.); (P.C.); (Z.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (F.P.); (P.C.); (Z.S.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-83340; Fax: +43-316-385-13430
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Zelzer S, Hofer E, Meinitzer A, Fritz-Petrin E, Simstich S, Goessler W, Schmidt R, Herrmann M. Association of vitamin D metabolites with cognitive function and brain atrophy in elderly individuals - the Austrian stroke prevention study. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:9455-9467. [PMID: 33825696 PMCID: PMC8064143 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is a well-established regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism that has neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties. Deficiency of vitamin D has been proposed to promote cognitive dysfunction and brain atrophy. However, existing studies provide inconsistent results. Here we aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D metabolites, cognitive function and brain atrophy in a cohort of well-characterized community-dwelling elderly individuals with normal neurological status and without history of stroke and dementia. METHODS 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2 and 24,25(OH)2D3 were measured by liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry in serum samples from 390 community-dwelling elderly individuals. All participants underwent thorough neuropsychiatric tests capturing memory, executive function and visuopractical skills. In 139 of these individuals, MRI of the brain was performed in order to capture neurodegenerative and vascular changes. RESULTS Total 25(OH)D (ß=0.003, 0.037), 24,25(OH)2D3 (ß=0.0456, p=0.010) and vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) (ß=0.0467, p=0.012) were significantly related to memory function. Adjustment for multiple testing weakened these relationships, but trends (p≤0.10) remained. 24,25(OH)2D3 and VMR showed similar trends also for visuopractical skills and global cognitive function. No significant relationships existed between vitamin D metabolites and MRI derived indices of neurodegeneration and vascular changes. Sub-group analyses of individuals with low concentrations of 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D3 showed significantly worse memory function compared to individuals with normal or high concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficient individuals appear to have a modest reduction of memory function without structural brain atrophy. Future studies should explore if vitamin D supplementation can improve cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Fritz-Petrin
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian Simstich
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | | | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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Al-Daghri NM, Yakout SM, Ansari MGA, Hussain SD, Wani KA, Sabico S. Vitamin D Metabolites and Sex Steroid Indices in Postmenopausal Women with and without Low Bone Mass. Metabolites 2021; 11:86. [PMID: 33535639 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
While the independent roles of vitamin D and sex hormones in skeletal health are well established, the associations of vitamin D and its metabolites to sex hormones and their indices are less investigated. In this observational study, clinical information of 189 Saudi postmenopausal women aged ≥50 years old [N = 80 with normal bone mineral density (BMD), aged 53.3 ± 7.7 years with body mass index (BMI)= 34.1kg/m2 ± 5.8, and N = 109 with low BMD (T-score −1.0 to −2.5), aged 57.0 ± 8.2 years, BMI = 32.4kg/m2 ± 6.2] was extracted from an existing capital-wide osteoporosis registry in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data included were BMD scores, serum total 25(OH)D, sex hormones, and bone turnover markers which were measured using commercially available assays. Age- and BMI-adjusted comparisons revealed significantly higher parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels as well as significantly lower testosterone and bioavailable testosterone in the low BMD group than the normal BMD group (p-values 0.04, 0.02, and 0.03, respectively). Stepwise linear regression showed that circulating testosterone levels accounted for 9.7% and 8.9% of the variances perceived in bioavailable 25(OH)D and free 25(OH)D, respectively (p < 0.01), independent of other sex hormones, sex hormone indices, and bone turnover markers. Our study suggests that androgens are significantly associated with non-conventional vitamin D metabolites and these associations may have clinical relevance in assessing risk for low BMD and osteoporosis in Arab postmenopausal women.
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Ding C, Chan Z, Chooi YC, Choo J, Sadananthan SA, Michael N, Velan SS, Leow MKS, Magkos F. Association between Serum Vitamin D Metabolites and Metabolic Function in Healthy Asian Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123706. [PMID: 33266123 PMCID: PMC7760638 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between low vitamin D status and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus is well established; however, intervention trials that increased serum vitamin D (through ultraviolet B exposure or dietary supplementation) provide mixed outcomes. Recent evidence suggests that metabolites directly related to vitamin D receptor activation-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-may be better markers of vitamin D repletion status. We tested the hypothesis that a vitamin D metabolite (VDM) index, calculated as the sum of normalized fasting serum concentrations of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, is associated with metabolic function. We measured subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue volume, intrahepatic triglyceride content, maximum oxygen uptake, insulin sensitivity (4 h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), and insulin secretion (3 h meal tolerance test with mathematical modeling) and calculated the VDM index in 65 healthy Asian adults. Subjects with a low VDM index had lower peripheral insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function compared to subjects with a high VDM index (both p < 0.05), matched for age, sex, BMI, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was not associated with peripheral insulin sensitivity or beta-cell function. Our results suggest that, rather than enhancing vitamin D substrate availability, upregulation of vitamin D action is more likely to lead to improvements in glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherlyn Ding
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Department of Human Development, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore; (C.D.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.C.); (J.C.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.); (S.S.V.); (M.K.-S.L.)
| | - Zhiling Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Department of Human Development, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore; (C.D.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.C.); (J.C.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.); (S.S.V.); (M.K.-S.L.)
| | - Yu Chung Chooi
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Department of Human Development, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore; (C.D.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.C.); (J.C.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.); (S.S.V.); (M.K.-S.L.)
| | - John Choo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Department of Human Development, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore; (C.D.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.C.); (J.C.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.); (S.S.V.); (M.K.-S.L.)
| | - Suresh Anand Sadananthan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Department of Human Development, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore; (C.D.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.C.); (J.C.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.); (S.S.V.); (M.K.-S.L.)
| | - Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Department of Human Development, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore; (C.D.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.C.); (J.C.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.); (S.S.V.); (M.K.-S.L.)
| | - Sambasivam Sendhil Velan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Department of Human Development, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore; (C.D.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.C.); (J.C.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.); (S.S.V.); (M.K.-S.L.)
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138667, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Melvin Khee-Shing Leow
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Department of Human Development, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore; (C.D.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.C.); (J.C.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.); (S.S.V.); (M.K.-S.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Metabolic Disorders Research Program, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958 København, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-35333671
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Anisiewicz A, Kowalski K, Banach J, Łabędź N, Stachowicz-Suhs M, Piotrowska A, Milczarek M, Kłopotowska D, Dzięgiel P, Wietrzyk J. Vitamin D Metabolite Profile in Cholecalciferol- or Calcitriol-Supplemented Healthy and Mammary Gland Tumor-Bearing Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113416. [PMID: 33172201 PMCID: PMC7695033 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To analyze if the prometastatic activity of calcitriol (active vitamin D3 metabolite), which was previously observed in a 4T1 breast cancer model, is also found in other breast cancers, and to assess the impact of various schemes of vitamin D supply, we used 4T1 and E0771 mouse metastatic and 67NR nonmetastatic cells in this study. BALB/c and C57BL/6 healthy and tumor-bearing mice were exposed to a control (1000 IU), low- (100 IU), and high- (5000 IU) vitamin D3 diets. Additionally, from day 7 of tumor transplantation, the 1000 and 100 IU groups were gavaged with calcitriol (+cal). After 8 weeks of feeding, plasma levels of 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were significantly lower in calcitriol-treated and vitamin D-deficient groups than in the control, whereas the levels of all metabolites were increased in the 5000 IU group. The ratio of 25(OH)D3:24,25(OH)2D3 was increased in both calcitriol-treated groups, whereas the ratio of 25(OH)D3:3-epi-25(OH)D3 was increased only in the 100 IU group but decreased in the 5000 IU group. In contrast to E0771, 4T1 lung metastasis was accelerated in all vitamin D-supplemented mice, as well as in the deficient group with an increased inflammatory response. 67NR tumor growth was transiently inhibited in the 1000 IU+cal group, but single metastases were observed in the 5000 and 100 IU groups. Based on the results, we conclude that various schemes of vitamin D supply and vitamin D deficiency led to similar metabolite profiles irrespective of the mice strain and tumor burden. However, depending on the type of breast cancer, different effects on tumor growth and metastasis were noticed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Anisiewicz
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.A.); (J.B.); (N.Ł.); (M.S.-S.); (M.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Konrad Kowalski
- Research and Development Center Masdiag, 01-882 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Banach
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.A.); (J.B.); (N.Ł.); (M.S.-S.); (M.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Natalia Łabędź
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.A.); (J.B.); (N.Ł.); (M.S.-S.); (M.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Martyna Stachowicz-Suhs
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.A.); (J.B.); (N.Ł.); (M.S.-S.); (M.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Magdalena Milczarek
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.A.); (J.B.); (N.Ł.); (M.S.-S.); (M.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Dagmara Kłopotowska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.A.); (J.B.); (N.Ł.); (M.S.-S.); (M.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.P.); (P.D.)
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.A.); (J.B.); (N.Ł.); (M.S.-S.); (M.M.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-713-709-985
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Gjerde J, Kjellevold M, Dahl L, Berg T, Bøkevoll A, Markhus MW. Validation and Determination of 25(OH) Vitamin D and 3-Epi25(OH)D3 in Breastmilk and Maternal- and Infant Plasma during Breastfeeding. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2271. [PMID: 32751196 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their offspring may result in unfavorable health outcomes for both mother and infant. A 25hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level of at least 75 nmol/L is recommended by the Endocrine Society. Validated, automated sample preparation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods were used to determine the vitamin D metabolites status in mother-infant pairs. Detection of 3-Epi25(OH)D3 prevented overestimation of 25(OH)D3 and misclassification of vitamin D status. Sixty-three percent of maternal 25(OH)D plasma levels were less than the recommended level of 25(OH)D at 3 months. Additionally, breastmilk levels of 25(OH)D decreased from 60.1 nmol/L to 50.0 nmol/L between six weeks and three months (p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between mother and infant plasma levels (p < 0.01, r = 0.56) at 3 months. Accordingly, 31% of the infants were categorized as vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) compared to 25% if 3-Epi25(OH)D3 was not distinguished from 25(OH)D3. This study highlights the importance of accurate quantification of 25(OH)D. Monitoring vitamin D metabolites in infant, maternal plasma, and breastmilk may be needed to ensure adequate levels in both mother and infant in the first 6 months of infant life.
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Fernando M, Ellery SJ, Marquina C, Lim S, Naderpoor N, Mousa A. Vitamin D-Binding Protein in Pregnancy and Reproductive Health. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051489. [PMID: 32443760 PMCID: PMC7285222 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), the main carrier of vitamin D, has recently been implicated in reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes including endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Improved methods for measuring VDBP and an increased understanding of its role in biological processes have led to a number of newly published studies exploring VDBP in the context of pregnancy. Here, we synthesize the available evidence regarding the role of VDBP in reproductive health and pregnancy, and we highlight areas requiring further study. Overall, low levels of maternal serum VDBP concentrations have been associated with infertility, endometriosis, PCOS and spontaneous miscarriage, as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes including GDM, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth and fetal growth restriction. However, increased VDBP concentration in cervicovaginal fluid has been linked to unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and premature rupture of membranes. Some genetic variants of VDBP have also been associated with these adverse outcomes. Further studies using more accurate VDBP assays and accounting for ethnic variation and potential confounders are needed to clarify whether VDBP is associated with reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes, and the mechanisms underlying these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Fernando
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
| | - Stacey J. Ellery
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia;
| | - Clara Marquina
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
| | - Siew Lim
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
| | - Negar Naderpoor
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3857-22854
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Aksan A, Tugal D, Hein N, Boettger K, Caicedo-Zea Y, Diehl I, Schumann C, Armbruster FP, Stein J. Measuring Vitamin D Status in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders: How does Chronic Inflammation Affect the Reliability of Vitamin D Metabolites in Patients with IBD? J Clin Med 2020; 9:E547. [PMID: 32079317 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence gained from recent studies has generated increasing interest in the role of vitamin D in extraskeletal functions such as inflammation and immunoregulation. Although vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), evidence as to whether vitamin D supplementation may cure or prevent chronic disease is inconsistent. Since 25OH-vitamin D (25OHD) has been suggested to be an acute-phase protein, its utility as a vitamin D status marker is therefore questionable. In this study, possible interactions of vitamin D and inflammation were studied in 188 patients with IBD, with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels ≥ 5 mg/dL and/or fecal calprotectin ≥ 250 µg/g defined as biochemical evidence of inflammatory activity. Levels of 25OHD and vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) were determined by ELISA, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25OHD) and dihydroxycholecalciferol (24,25OHD) by LC-MS/MS. Free and bioavailable vitamin D levels were calculated with the validated formula of Bikle. Serum 1,25OH2D and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) levels were shown to differ between the inflammatory and noninflammatory groups: patients with inflammatory disease activity had significantly higher serum concentrations of 1,25OH2D (35.0 (16.4-67.3) vs. 18.5 (1.2-51.0) pg/mL, p < 0.001) and VDBP (351.2 (252.2-530.6) vs. 330.8 (183.5-560.3) mg/dL, p < 0.05) than patients without active inflammation. Serum 24,25OH2D levels were negatively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (-0.155, p = 0.049) while concentrations of serum 1,25OH2D correlated positively with hsCRP (0.157, p = 0.036). Correlations with serum VDBP levels were found for ESR (0.150, p = 0.049), transferrin (0.160, p = 0.037) and hsCRP (0.261, p < 0.001). Levels of serum free and bioavailable 25OHD showed a negative correlation with ESR (-0.165, p = 0.031, -0.205, p < 0.001, respectively) and hsCRP (-0.164, p = 0.032, -0.208, p < 0.001 respectively), and a moderate negative correlation with fecal calprotectin (-0.377, p = 0.028, -0.409, p < 0.016, respectively). Serum total 25OHD concentration was the only vitamin D parameter found to have no specific correlation with any of the inflammatory markers. According to these results, the traditional parameter, total 25OHD, still appears to be the best marker of vitamin D status in patients with inflammatory bowel disease regardless of the presence of inflammation.
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Vlot MC, Boekel L, Kragt J, Killestein J, van Amerongen BM, de Jonge R, den Heijer M, Heijboer AC. Multiple Sclerosis Patients Show Lower Bioavailable 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH) 2D, but No Difference in Ratio of 25(OH)D/24,25(OH) 2D and FGF23 Concentrations. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112774. [PMID: 31731605 PMCID: PMC6893545 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VitD) insufficiency is common in multiple sclerosis (MS). VitD has possible anti-inflammatory effects on the immune system. The ratio between VitD metabolites in MS patients and the severity of the disease are suggested to be related. However, the exact effect of the bone-derived hormone fibroblast-growth-factor-23 (FGF23) and VitD binding protein (VDBP) on this ratio is not fully elucidated yet. Therefore, the aim is to study differences in total, free, and bioavailable VD metabolites and FGF23 between MS patients and healthy controls (HCs). FGF23, vitD (25(OH)D), active vitD (1,25(OH)2D), inactive 24,25(OH)D, and VDBP were measured in 91 MS patients and 92 HCs. Bioavailable and free concentrations were calculated. No difference in FGF23 (p = 0.65) and 25(OH)D/24.25(OH)2D ratio (p = 0.21) between MS patients and HCs was observed. Bioavailable 25(OH)D and bioavailable 1.25(OH)2D were lower (p < 0.01), while VDBP concentrations were higher in MS patients (p = 0.02) compared with HCs, specifically in male MS patients (p = 0.01). In conclusion, FGF23 and 25(OH)D/24.25(OH)2D did not differ between MS patients and HCs, yet bioavailable VitD concentrations are of potential clinical relevance in MS patients. The possible immunomodulating role of VDBP and gender-related differences in the VD-FGF23 axis in MS need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariska C Vlot
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.V.); (L.B.); (R.d.J.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam University medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Laura Boekel
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.V.); (L.B.); (R.d.J.)
| | - Jolijn Kragt
- Department of Neurology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, 2625 AD Delft, The Netherlands;
| | - Joep Killestein
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Barbara M. van Amerongen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Robert de Jonge
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.V.); (L.B.); (R.d.J.)
| | - Martin den Heijer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam University medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Annemieke C. Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.V.); (L.B.); (R.d.J.)
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-205665940
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Francic V, Ursem SR, Dirks NF, Keppel MH, Theiler-Schwetz V, Trummer C, Pandis M, Borzan V, Grübler MR, Verheyen ND, März W, Tomaschitz A, Pilz S, Heijboer AC, Obermayer-Pietsch B. The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on its Metabolism and the Vitamin D Metabolite Ratio. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102539. [PMID: 31640241 PMCID: PMC6836132 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is commonly measured to assess vitamin D status. Other vitamin D metabolites such as 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) provide additional insights into vitamin D status or metabolism. Earlier studies suggested that the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR), calculated as 24,25(OH)2D/25(OH)D, could predict the 25(OH)D increase after vitamin D supplementation. However, the evidence for this additional value is inconclusive. Therefore, our aim was to assess whether the increase in 25(OH)D after supplementation was predicted by the VMR better than baseline 25(OH)D. Plasma samples of 106 individuals (25(OH)D < 75 nmol/L) with hypertension who completed the Styrian Vitamin D Hypertension Trial (NC.T.02136771) were analyzed. Participants received vitamin D (2800 IU daily) or placebo for 8 weeks. The treatment effect (ANCOVA) for 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3 and the VMR was 32 nmol/L, 3.3 nmol/L and 0.015 (all p < 0.001), respectively. Baseline 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 predicted the change in 25(OH)D3 with comparable strength and magnitude. Correlation and regression analysis showed that the VMR did not predict the change in 25(OH)D3. Therefore, our data do not support routine measurement of 24,25(OH)2D3 in order to individually optimize the dosage of vitamin D supplementation. Our data also suggest that activity of 24-hydroxylase increases after vitamin D supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Francic
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Stan R Ursem
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1105 Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Niek F Dirks
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1105 Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Martin H Keppel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Verena Theiler-Schwetz
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Christian Trummer
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Marlene Pandis
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Valentin Borzan
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin R Grübler
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Nicolas D Verheyen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Winfried März
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Germany GmbH, 68163 Mannheim, Germany.
| | | | - Stefan Pilz
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1105 Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
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19
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Abstract
Background There is considerable heterogeneity in clinical trials examining the role of vitamin D in the prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Methods The primary aim of the Physical Performance, Osteoporosis, and Vitamin D in Older African-American Women (PODA) trial was the prevention of bone loss and decline in physical performance. A questionnaire about ARIs was administered every 3 months for 3 years to 260 black American women in a double-blind randomized clinical trial that had a placebo group and a vitamin D supplementation group. The serum 25(OH)D level was maintained >30 ng/mL in the vitamin D group. Results Serum 25(OH)D was maintained >30 ng/mL in 90% of the active group, whereas levels approximated those associated with the recommended dietary allowance (20 ng/mL) in the placebo group. There was no difference in occurrence of ARIs in the treatment group vs the placebo group. ARIs were not related to total or free 25(OH)D, which were measured at baseline and annually for 36 months. Conclusions Vitamin D supplementation sufficient to maintain serum 25(OH)D >30 ng/mL does not prevent ARIs in older African American women. ClinicalTrialsgov Registration Number NCT01153568.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Aloia
- NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
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20
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Cunningham TK, Allgar V, Dargham SR, Kilpatrick E, Sathyapalan T, Maguiness S, Mokhtar Rudin HR, Abdul Ghani NM, Latiff A, Atkin SL. Association of Vitamin D Metabolites With Embryo Development and Fertilization in Women With and Without PCOS Undergoing Subfertility Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:13. [PMID: 30761082 PMCID: PMC6361765 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The relationship between fertilization rates and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3), 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D3), and 25-hydroxy-3epi-Vitamin D3 (3epi25(OH)D3) concentrations in age and weight matched women with and without PCOS was studied. Methods: Fifty nine non-obese women, 29 with PCOS, and 30 non-PCOS undergoing IVF, matched for age and weight were included. Serum vitamin D metabolites were taken the menstrual cycle prior to commencing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Results: Vitamin D metabolites did not differ between PCOS and controls; however, 25(OH)D3 correlated with embryo fertilization rates in PCOS patients alone (p = 0.03). For all subjects, 3epi25(OH)D3 correlated with fertilization rate (p < 0.04) and negatively with HOMA-IR (p < 0.02); 25(OH)D2 correlated with cleavage rate, G3D3 and blastocyst (p < 0.05; p < 0.009; p < 0.002, respectively). 24,25(OH)2D3 correlated with AMH, antral follicle count, eggs retrieved and top quality embryos (G3D3) (p < 0.03; p < 0.003; p < 0.009; p < 0.002, respectively), and negatively with HOMA-IR (p < 0.01). 1,25(OH)2D3 did not correlate with any of the metabolic or embryo parameters. In slim PCOS, 25(OH)D3 correlated with increased fertilization rates in PCOS, but other vitamin D parameters did not differ to matched controls. Conclusion: 3epi25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, and 24,25(OH)2D3, but not 1,25(OH)2D3, were associated with embryo parameters suggesting that vitamin D metabolites other than 1,25(OH)2D3 are important in fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Keith Cunningham
- Hull IVF Unit, Women and Children's Hospital, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, United Kingdom
- Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Allgar
- Department of Statistics, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Maguiness
- Hull IVF Unit, Women and Children's Hospital, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Stephen L. Atkin
- Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Stephen L. Atkin
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21
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van Ballegooijen AJ, Zelnick L, Hoofnagle AN, Hamburg NM, Robinson-Cohen C, Roy-Chaudhury P, Cheung AK, Shiu YT, de Boer IH, Himmelfarb J, Beck G, Imrey PB, Kusek JW, Kestenbaum B. Association of Vitamin D Metabolites With Arterial Function in the Hemodialysis Fistula Maturation Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2017; 69:805-814. [PMID: 28359657 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbances in vitamin D metabolism are common in patients with end-stage renal disease and may contribute to vascular dysfunction. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS We evaluated 558 of 602 participants at baseline of the Hemodialysis Fistula Maturation (HFM) Study, a 7-center prospective cohort study of a cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease awaiting arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation surgery. FACTOR 4 vitamin D metabolites measured with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy from samples obtained within 4 weeks prior to AVF surgery. OUTCOMES Vasodilator functions and measurements of arterial stiffness. MEASUREMENTS Trained HFM Study personnel measured brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, nitroglycerin-mediated dilation, and carotid-femoral and carotid-radial pulse wave velocities (PWVs) prior to AVF creation. We evaluated associations after basic adjustment for sex, age, and clinical site and more fully adjusted additionally for baseline education, smoking, body mass index, diabetes, dialysis status, and medication use. RESULTS Mean participant age was 55±13 (SD) years and 65% were receiving maintenance dialysis. None of the vitamin D metabolites were significantly associated with flow-mediated dilation, carotid-femoral PWV, or carotid-radial PWV in basic or fully adjusted analyses. Higher serum concentrations of bioavailable vitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were associated with 0.62% and 0.58% greater nitroglycerin-mediated dilation values, respectively, in basic models; however, these associations were no longer statistically significant with full adjustment. There were no significant associations of vitamin D metabolites with carotid-femoral or carotid-radial PWV in fully adjusted analyses. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional ascertainment of vitamin D metabolites and vascular functions late during the course of kidney disease. CONCLUSIONS Serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites are not associated with vasodilator functions or vascular stiffness at baseline in a cohort study of patients with chronic kidney disease awaiting AVF creation surgery. Laboratory measurements of vitamin D metabolites are unlikely to provide useful information regarding vascular functions in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana J van Ballegooijen
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Leila Zelnick
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Naomi M Hamburg
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Alfred K Cheung
- Division of Nephrology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Yan-Ting Shiu
- Division of Nephrology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Gerald Beck
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Peter B Imrey
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - John W Kusek
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bryan Kestenbaum
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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22
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Kattner L, Rauch E. Optimization of Chemical Syntheses of Vitamin D C3-Epimers. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:1417-1421. [PMID: 26977045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the widespread impact of vitamin D on human health, the development of appropriate assays to detect deficiency of all vitamin D metabolites of pharmacological interest is being continuously improved. Although over 50 naturally-occurring metabolites of vitamin D are known to date, only very few are routinely detected in commercially available assays. This is particularly true regarding C3-epimers of vitamin D3 and D2, which not only may interfere in analytical measurements with other metabolites of interest, but also have controversial and not yet fully understood physiological functions. In this study we optimized a synthetic method to obtain various vitamin D3 and D2 C3-epimers in order to make them available in gram quantities for further evaluation and for their use in assay development or drug discovery. Particularly, the inversion of the C3-OH group at the A-ring of vitamin D2, which, in turn, serves as a suitable starting material for most of chemical syntheses of vitamin D metabolites, can be converted to the corresponding C3-epimer under so-called "Mitsunobu conditions". Thus, the C3-OH group is converted into the corresponding ester by treatment with an aromatic acid, subsequent addition of an azodicarboxlate and triphenylphoshine, leading to the corresponding ester, concomitant to the inversion of the stereogenic center at C3. Reduction or saponification of the resulting ester finally leads to the corresponding C3-epimer, that may serve as starting material for a wide variety of vitamin D3 and D2 C3-epimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Kattner
- Endotherm Life Science Molecules, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Erik Rauch
- Endotherm Life Science Molecules, Saarbrücken, Germany
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23
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Mason D, Donabella PJ, Nnani D, Musteata FM. Normalized vitamin D metabolite concentrations are better correlated to pharmacological effects than measured concentrations. Future Sci OA 2015; 1:FSO83. [PMID: 28031931 DOI: 10.4155/fso.15.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with a multitude of diseases, ranging from fractures to cancer. Nearly 99% of vitamin D metabolites are bound to proteins, altering the relationship between concentration and activity. Methods & results: Normalized concentrations were calculated and validated using published data regarding the correlation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with bone mineral density. In addition, healthy and kidney disease subjects were recruited for preliminary investigations. Use of the normalizing equations resulted in statistically significant improvements in the relationship between vitamin D metabolites and several markers of health status. Conclusion: Normalized concentrations are similar to clinically reported values and are easier to interpret than free or bioavailable concentrations, since their values match the range of measured total concentrations.
Lay abstract: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with a multitude of diseases, ranging from fractures to cancer. Most vitamin D metabolites are bound to various body components, altering the relationship between reported concentration and biological effects. To compensate for differences in binding between individuals, normalized concentrations were calculated. Use of the normalizing equations resulted in significant improvements in the relationship between the concentration of vitamin D metabolites and health status. The newly developed normalized concentrations are therefore better indicators of vitamin D status and are easier to interpret than free or bioavailable concentrations, since their values match the range of measured total concentrations.
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