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Darabi M, Lhomme M, Ponnaiah M, Pučić-Baković M, Guillas I, Frisdal E, Bittar R, Croyal M, Matheron-Duriez L, Poupel L, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Frere C, Varret M, Krempf M, Cariou B, Lauc G, Guerin M, Carrie A, Bruckert E, Giral P, Le Goff W, Kontush A. Integrated omics approach for the identification of HDL structure-function relationships in PCSK9-related familial hypercholesterolemia. J Clin Lipidol 2023; 17:643-658. [PMID: 37550151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in dyslipidemia may go beyond its immediate effects on low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) activity. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess PCSK9-derived alterations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) physiology, which bear a potential to contribute to cardiovascular risk profile. METHODS HDL was isolated from 33 patients with familial autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (FH), including those carrying PCSK9 gain-of-function (GOF) genetic variants (FH-PCSK9, n = 11), together with two groups of dyslipidemic patients employed as controls and carrying genetic variants in the LDL-R not treated (ntFH-LDLR, n = 11) and treated (tFH-LDLR, n = 11) with statins, and 11 normolipidemic controls. Biological evaluations paralleled by proteomic, lipidomic and glycomic analyses were applied to characterize functional and compositional properties of HDL. RESULTS Multiple deficiencies in the HDL function were identified in the FH-PCSK9 group relative to dyslipidemic FH-LDLR patients and normolipidemic controls, which involved reduced antioxidative, antiapoptotic, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory activities. By contrast, cellular cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL was unchanged. In addition, multiple alterations of the proteomic, lipidomic and glycomic composition of HDL were found in the FH-PCSK9 group. Remarkably, HDLs from FH-PCSK9 patients were systematically enriched in several lysophospholipids as well as in A2G2S2 (GP13) glycan and apolipoprotein A-IV. Based on network analysis of functional and compositional data, a novel mosaic structure-function model of HDL biology involving FH was developed. CONCLUSION Several metrics of anti-atherogenic HDL functionality are altered in FH-PCSK9 patients paralleled by distinct compositional alterations. These data provide a first-ever overview of the impact of GOF PCSK9 genetic variants on structure-function relationships in HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Darabi
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; LPS-BioSciences (Current affiliation of Dr Darabi), Université de Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Marie Lhomme
- ICAN Analytics (Dr Lhomme), Lipidomics Core, Foundation for Innovation in Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (IHU-ICAN, ANR-10-IAHU-05), Paris, France
| | - Maharajah Ponnaiah
- ICAN I/O (Dr Ponnaiah), Foundation for Innovation in Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (IHU-ICAN, ANR-10-IAHU-05), Paris, France
| | - Maja Pučić-Baković
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory (Drs Pučić-Baković and Lauc), Borongajska cesta 83H, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Isabelle Guillas
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Eric Frisdal
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Randa Bittar
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; Department of Metabolic Biochemistry (Drs Bittar and Bonnefont-Rousselot), Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Mikaël Croyal
- Université de Nantes (Drs Cariou et Croyal), CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'Institut du Thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France; Université de Nantes (Dr Croyal), CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France; CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility (Drs Croyal and Krempf), F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Lucrèce Matheron-Duriez
- Platform MS3U (Dr Matheron), Institut de Biologie Paris Seine FR 3631, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Poupel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry (Drs Bittar and Bonnefont-Rousselot), Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Université de Paris (Dr Bonnefont-Rousselot), CNRS, INSERM, UTCBS, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Frere
- Department of Haematology (Dr Frere), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Varret
- Paris University and Sorbonne Paris Nord University (Dr Varret), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM, LVTS), F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Michel Krempf
- CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility (Drs Croyal and Krempf), F-44000 Nantes, France; Clinique Bretéché (Dr Krempf), Groupe Elsan, Nantes, France
| | - Bertrand Cariou
- Université de Nantes (Drs Cariou et Croyal), CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'Institut du Thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory (Drs Pučić-Baković and Lauc), Borongajska cesta 83H, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maryse Guerin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Alain Carrie
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Eric Bruckert
- Endocrinologie Métabolisme et Prévention Cardiovasculaire (Drs Bruckert and Giral), Institut E3M et IHU Cardiométabolique (ICAN), Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Giral
- Endocrinologie Métabolisme et Prévention Cardiovasculaire (Drs Bruckert and Giral), Institut E3M et IHU Cardiométabolique (ICAN), Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Wilfried Le Goff
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Anatol Kontush
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (Drs Darabi, Guillas, Frisdal, Poupel, Carrie,Bittar, Guerin, Le Goff, and Kontush), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France.
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2
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Niesor EJ, Nader E, Perez A, Lamour F, Benghozi R, Remaley A, Thein SL, Connes P. Red Blood Cell Membrane Cholesterol May Be a Key Regulator of Sickle Cell Disease Microvascular Complications. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1134. [PMID: 36422126 PMCID: PMC9694375 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell membrane lipid composition, especially cholesterol, affects many functions of embedded enzymes, transporters and receptors in red blood cells (RBC). High membrane cholesterol content affects the RBCs' main vital function, O2 and CO2 transport and delivery, with consequences on peripheral tissue physiology and pathology. A high degree of deformability of RBCs is required to accommodate the size of micro-vessels with diameters significantly lower than RBCs. The potential therapeutic role of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in the removal of cholesterol and its activity regarding maintenance of an optimal concentration of RBC membrane cholesterol have not been well investigated. On the contrary, the focus for HDL research has mainly been on the clearance of cholesterol accumulated in atherosclerotic macrophages and plaques. Since all interventions aiming at decreasing cardiovascular diseases by increasing the plasma level of HDL cholesterol have failed so far in large outcome studies, we reviewed the potential role of HDL to remove excess membrane cholesterol from RBC, especially in sickle cell disease (SCD). Indeed, abundant literature supports a consistent decrease in cholesterol transported by all plasma lipoproteins in SCD, in addition to HDL, low- (LDL) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). Unexpectedly, these decreases in plasma were associated with an increase in RBC membrane cholesterol. The concentration and activity of the main enzyme involved in the removal of cholesterol and generation of large HDL particles-lecithin cholesterol ester transferase (LCAT)-are also significantly decreased in SCD. These observations might partially explain the decrease in RBC deformability, diminished gas exchange and tendency of RBCs to aggregate in SCD. We showed that incubation of RBC from SCD patients with human HDL or the HDL-mimetic peptide Fx5A improves the impaired RBC deformability and decreases intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. We propose that the main physiological role of HDL is to regulate the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio (C/PL), which is fundamental to the transport of oxygen and its delivery to peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elie Nader
- Laboratory LIBM EA7424, Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell Team, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Anne Perez
- Hartis Pharma SA Nyon, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Alan Remaley
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | - Philippe Connes
- Laboratory LIBM EA7424, Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell Team, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
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Giorgi L, Niemelä A, Kumpula EP, Natri O, Parkkila P, Huiskonen JT, Koivuniemi A. Mechanistic Insights into the Activation of Lecithin–Cholesterol Acyltransferase in Therapeutic Nanodiscs Composed of Apolipoprotein A-I Mimetic Peptides and Phospholipids. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4135-4148. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giorgi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Akseli Niemelä
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Esa-Pekka Kumpula
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Ossi Natri
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Petteri Parkkila
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Division of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Juha T. Huiskonen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Artturi Koivuniemi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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Liu Z, Gong S, Wang Y, Chen T, Niu Y, Xu Y. Recognition of the Enzymatically Active and Inhibitive Oxygenous Groups on WO3–x Quantum Dots by Chemical Deactivation and Density Functional Theory Calculations. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:1459-1468. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zengxu Liu
- College of Life Sciences; School of Tourism and Geography Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shida Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Life Sciences; School of Tourism and Geography Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yusheng Niu
- College of Life Sciences; School of Tourism and Geography Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- College of Life Sciences; School of Tourism and Geography Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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5
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Fawaz MV, Kim SY, Li D, Ming R, Xia Z, Olsen K, Pogozheva ID, Tesmer JJG, Schwendeman A. Phospholipid Component Defines Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Synthetic High-Density Lipoproteins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 372:193-204. [PMID: 31776208 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.257568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL) nanoparticles composed of apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide and phospholipids have been shown to reduce atherosclerosis in animal models. Cholesterol is mobilized from atheroma macrophages by sHDL into the blood compartment and delivered to the liver for elimination. Historically, sHDL drug discovery efforts were focused on optimizing peptide sequences for interaction with cholesterol cellular transporters rather than understanding how both sHDL components, peptide and lipid, influence its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. We designed two sets of sHDL having either identical phospholipid but variable peptide sequences with different plasma stability or identical peptide and phospholipids with variable fatty acid chain length and saturation. We found that sHDL prepared with proteolytically stable 22A-P peptide had 2-fold longer circulation half-time relative to the less stable 22A peptide. Yet, longer half-life did not translate into any improvement in cholesterol mobilization. In contrast, sHDL with variable phospholipid compositions showed significant differences in phospholipid PK, with distearoyl phosphatidylcholine-based sHDL demonstrating the longest half-life of 6.0 hours relative to 1.0 hour for palmitoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine-based sHDL. This increase in half-life corresponded to an approx. 6.5-fold increase in the area under the curve for the mobilized cholesterol. Therefore, the phospholipid component in sHDL plays a major role in cholesterol mobilization in vivo and should not be overlooked in the design of future sHDL. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The phospholipid composition in sHDL plays a critical role in determining half-life and cholesterol mobilization in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Fawaz
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
| | - Sang Yeop Kim
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
| | - Dan Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
| | - Ran Ming
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
| | - Ziyun Xia
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
| | - Karl Olsen
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
| | - Irina D Pogozheva
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
| | - John J G Tesmer
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (M.V.F., I.D.P.) and Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.Y.K., D.L., R.M., Z.X., K.O., A.S.), College of Pharmacy, and Biointerfaces Institute (A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (J.J.G.T.)
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Hinkovska-Galcheva V, Kelly R, Manthei KA, Bouley R, Yuan W, Schwendeman A, Tesmer JJG, Shayman JA. Determinants of pH profile and acyl chain selectivity in lysosomal phospholipase A 2. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1205-1218. [PMID: 29724779 PMCID: PMC6027918 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m084012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal phospholipase A2 (LPLA2) is characterized by broad substrate recognition, peak activity at acidic pH, and the transacylation of lipophilic alcohols, especially N-acetyl-sphingosine. Prior structural analysis of LPLA2 revealed the presence of an atypical acidic residue, Asp13, in the otherwise hydrophobic active site cleft. We hypothesized that Asp13 contributed to the pH profile and/or substrate preference of LPLA2 for unsaturated acyl chains. To test this hypothesis, we substituted Asp13 for alanine, cysteine, or phenylalanine; then, we monitored the formation of 1-O-acyl-N-acetylsphingosine to measure the hydrolysis of sn-1 versus sn-2 acyl groups on a variety of glycerophospholipids. Substitutions with Asp13 yielded significant enzyme activity at neutral pH (7.4) and perturbed the selectivity for mono- and double-unsaturated acyl chains. However, this position played no apparent role in selecting for either the acyl acceptor or the head group of the glycerophospholipid. Our modeling indicates that Asp13 and its substitutions contribute to the pH activity profile of LPLA2 and to acyl chain selectivity by forming part of a hydrophobic track occupied by the scissile acyl chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Hinkovska-Galcheva
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Robert Kelly
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kelly A Manthei
- Life Sciences Institute and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Renee Bouley
- Life Sciences Institute and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Wenmin Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - John J G Tesmer
- Life Sciences Institute and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - James A Shayman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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7
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A simple and precise method to detect sterol esterification activity of lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase by high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:1785-1792. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Sakurai T, Sakurai A, Vaisman BL, Nishida T, Neufeld EB, Demosky SJ, Sampson ML, Shamburek RD, Freeman LA, Remaley AT. Development of a novel fluorescent activity assay for lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. Ann Clin Biochem 2017; 55:414-421. [PMID: 28882064 DOI: 10.1177/0004563217733285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is a plasma enzyme that esterifies cholesterol. Recombinant human LCAT (rhLCAT) is now being developed as an enzyme replacement therapy for familial LCAT deficiency and as a possible treatment for acute coronary syndrome. The current 'gold standard' assay for LCAT activity involves the use of radioisotopes, thus making it difficult for routine clinical use. Methods We have developed a novel and more convenient LCAT activity assay using fluorescence-labelled cholesterol (BODIPY-cholesterol), which is incorporated into proteoliposomes as a substrate instead of radiolabelled cholesterol. Results The apparent Km and Vmax were 31.5 µmol/L and 55.8 nmol/h/nmoL, rhLCAT, respectively, for the 3H-cholesterol method and 103.1 µmol/L and 13.4 nmol/h/nmol rhLCAT, respectively, for the BODIPY-cholesterol method. Although the two assays differed in their absolute units of LCAT activity, there was a good correlation between the two test assays ( r = 0.849, P < 1.6 × 10-7, y = 0.1378x + 1.106). The BODIPY-cholesterol assay had an intra-assay CV of 13.7%, which was superior to the intra-assay CV of 20.8% for the radioisotopic assay. The proteoliposome substrate made with BODIPY-cholesterol was stable to storage for at least 10 months. The reference range ( n = 20) for the fluorescent LCAT activity assay was 4.6-24.1 U/mL/h in healthy subjects. Conclusions In summary, a novel fluorescent LCAT activity assay that utilizes BODIPY-cholesterol as a substrate is described that yields comparable results to the radioisotopic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Sakurai
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakurai
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Boris L Vaisman
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Takafumi Nishida
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edward B Neufeld
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Demosky
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maureen L Sampson
- 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert D Shamburek
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lita A Freeman
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- 1 Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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9
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Manthei KA, Ahn J, Glukhova A, Yuan W, Larkin C, Manett TD, Chang L, Shayman JA, Axley MJ, Schwendeman A, Tesmer JJG. A retractable lid in lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase provides a structural mechanism for activation by apolipoprotein A-I. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20313-20327. [PMID: 29030428 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.802736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) plays a key role in reverse cholesterol transport by transferring an acyl group from phosphatidylcholine to cholesterol, promoting the maturation of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) from discoidal to spherical particles. LCAT is activated through an unknown mechanism by apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and other mimetic peptides that form a belt around HDL. Here, we report the crystal structure of LCAT with an extended lid that blocks access to the active site, consistent with an inactive conformation. Residues Thr-123 and Phe-382 in the catalytic domain form a latch-like interaction with hydrophobic residues in the lid. Because these residues are mutated in genetic disease, lid displacement was hypothesized to be an important feature of apoA-I activation. Functional studies of site-directed mutants revealed that loss of latch interactions or the entire lid enhanced activity against soluble ester substrates, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry revealed that the LCAT lid is extremely dynamic in solution. Upon addition of a covalent inhibitor that mimics one of the reaction intermediates, there is an overall decrease in HDX in the lid and adjacent regions of the protein, consistent with ordering. These data suggest a model wherein the active site of LCAT is shielded from soluble substrates by a dynamic lid until it interacts with HDL to allow transesterification to proceed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Manthei
- Life Sciences Institute and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Joomi Ahn
- MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878
| | - Alisa Glukhova
- Life Sciences Institute and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Wenmin Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | | | - Taylor D Manett
- Life Sciences Institute and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Louise Chang
- Life Sciences Institute and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - James A Shayman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | | | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - John J G Tesmer
- Life Sciences Institute and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
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10
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Soupene E, Larkin SK, Kuypers FA. Featured Article: Depletion of HDL 3 high density lipoprotein and altered functionality of HDL 2 in blood from sickle cell patients. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1244-1253. [PMID: 28436274 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217706966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In sickle cell disease (SCD), alterations of cholesterol metabolism is in part related to abnormal levels and activity of plasma proteins such as lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), and apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). In addition, the size distribution of ApoA-I high density lipoproteins (HDL) differs from normal blood. The ratio of the amount of HDL2 particle relative to the smaller higher density pre-β HDL (HDL3) particle was shifted toward HDL2. This lipoprotein imbalance is exacerbated during acute vaso-occlusive episodes (VOE) as the relative levels of HDL3 decrease. HDL3 deficiency in SCD plasma was found to relate to a slower ApoA-I exchange rate, which suggests an impaired ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux in SCD. HDL2 isolated from SCD plasma displayed an antioxidant capacity normally associated with HDL3, providing evidence for a change in function of HDL2 in SCD as compared to HDL2 in normal plasma. Although SCD plasma is depleted in HDL3, this altered capacity of HDL2 could account for the lack of difference in pro-inflammatory HDL levels in SCD as compared to normal. Exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to HDL2 isolated from SCD plasma resulted in higher mRNA levels of the acute phase protein long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as compared to incubation with HDL2 from control plasma. Addition of the heme-scavenger hemopexin protein prevented increased expression of PTX3 in sickle HDL2-treated cells. These findings suggest that ApoA-I lipoprotein composition and functions are altered in SCD plasma, and that whole blood transfusion may be considered as a blood replacement therapy in SCD. Impact statement Our study adds to the growing evidence that the dysfunctional red blood cell (RBC) in sickle cell disease (SCD) affects the plasma environment, which contributes significantly in the vasculopathy that defines the disease. Remodeling of anti-inflammatory high density lipoprotein (HDL) to pro-inflammatory entities can occur during the acute phase response. SCD plasma is depleted of the pre-β particle (HDL3), which is essential for stimulation of reverse cholesterol from macrophages, and the function of the larger HDL2 particle is altered. These dysfunctions are exacerbated during vaso-occlusive episodes. Interaction of lipoproteins with endothelium increases formation of inflammatory mediators, a process counteracted by the heme-scavenger hemopexin. This links hemolysis to lipoprotein-mediated inflammation in SCD, and hemopexin treatment could be considered. The use of RBC concentrates in transfusion therapy of SCD patients underestimates the importance of the dysfunctional plasma compartment, and transfusion of whole blood or plasma may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Soupene
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Sandra K Larkin
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Frans A Kuypers
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
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11
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DOBIÁŠOVÁ M. Atherogenic Impact of Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase and Its Relation to Cholesterol Esterification Rate in HDL (FERHDL) and AIP [log(TG/HDL-C)] Biomarkers: The Butterfly Effect? Physiol Res 2017; 66:193-203. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The atherogenic impact and functional capacity of LCAT was studied and discussed over a half century. This review aims to clarify the key points that may affect the final decision on whether LCAT is an anti-atherogenic or atherogenic factor. There are three main processes involving the efflux of free cholesterol from peripheral cells, LCAT action in intravascular pool where cholesterol esterification rate is under the control of HDL, LDL and VLDL subpopulations, and finally the destination of newly produced cholesteryl esters either to the catabolism in liver or to a futile cycle with apoB lipoproteins. The functionality of LCAT substantially depends on its mass together with the composition of the phospholipid bilayer as well as the saturation and the length of fatty acyls and other effectors about which we know yet nothing. Over the years, LCAT puzzle has been significantly supplemented but yet not so satisfactory as to enable how to manipulate LCAT in order to prevent cardiometabolic events. It reminds the butterfly effect when only a moderate change in the process of transformation free cholesterol to cholesteryl esters may cause a crucial turn in the intended target. On the other hand, two biomarkers – FERHDL (fractional esterification rate in HDL) and AIP [log(TG/HDL-C)] can offer a benefit to identify the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). They both reflect the rate of cholesterol esterification by LCAT and the composition of lipoprotein subpopulations that controls this rate. In clinical practice, AIP can be calculated from the routine lipid profile with help of AIP calculator www.biomed.cas.cz/fgu/aip/calculator.php.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. DOBIÁŠOVÁ
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Soupene E, Borja MS, Borda M, Larkin SK, Kuypers FA. Featured Article: Alterations of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity and apolipoprotein A-I functionality in human sickle blood. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1933-1942. [PMID: 27354333 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216657447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In sickle cell disease (SCD) cholesterol metabolism appears dysfunctional as evidenced by abnormal plasma cholesterol content in a subpopulation of SCD patients. Specific activity of the high density lipoprotein (HDL)-bound lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) enzyme, which catalyzes esterification of cholesterol, and generates lysoPC (LPC) was significantly lower in sickle plasma compared to normal. Inhibitory amounts of LPC were present in sickle plasma, and the red blood cell (RBC) lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT), essential for the removal of LPC, displayed a broad range of activity. The functionality of sickle HDL appeared to be altered as evidenced by a decreased HDL-Apolipoprotein A-I exchange in sickle plasma as compared to control. Increased levels of oxidized proteins including ApoA-I were detected in sickle plasma. In vitro incubation of sickle plasma with washed erythrocytes affected the ApoA-I-exchange supporting the view that the RBC blood compartment can affect cholesterol metabolism in plasma. HDL functionality appeared to decrease during acute vaso-occlusive episodes in sickle patients and was associated with an increase of secretory PLA2, a marker for increased inflammation. Simvastatin treatment to improve the anti-inflammatory function of HDL did not ameliorate HDL-ApoA-I exchange in sickle patients. Thus, the cumulative effect of an inflammatory and highly oxidative environment in sickle blood contributes to a decrease in cholesterol esterification and HDL function, related to hypocholesterolemia in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Soupene
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California 94609, USA
| | - Mark S Borja
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California 94609, USA
| | - Mauricio Borda
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California 94609, USA
| | - Sandra K Larkin
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California 94609, USA
| | - Frans A Kuypers
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California 94609, USA
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13
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Zhang M, Huang R, Ackermann R, Im SC, Waskell L, Schwendeman A, Ramamoorthy A. Reconstitution of the Cytb5-CytP450 Complex in Nanodiscs for Structural Studies using NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109-1055 USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109-1055 USA
| | - Rose Ackermann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; The Biointerfaces Institute; University of Michigan; North Campus Research Complex; Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Sang-Choul Im
- Department of Anesthesiology; University of Michigan and VA Medical Center; Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA
| | - Lucy Waskell
- Department of Anesthesiology; University of Michigan and VA Medical Center; Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; The Biointerfaces Institute; University of Michigan; North Campus Research Complex; Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109-1055 USA
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109-1055 USA
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14
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Zhang M, Huang R, Ackermann R, Im SC, Waskell L, Schwendeman A, Ramamoorthy A. Reconstitution of the Cytb5-CytP450 Complex in Nanodiscs for Structural Studies using NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4497-9. [PMID: 26924779 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (P450s) are a superfamily of enzymes responsible for the catalysis of a wide range of substrates. Dynamic interactions between full-length membrane-bound P450 and its redox partner cytochrome b5 (cytb5 ) have been found to be important for the enzymatic activity of P450. However, the stability of the circa 70 kDa membrane-bound complex in model membranes renders high-resolution structural NMR studies particularly difficult. To overcome these challenges, reconstitution of the P450-cytb5 complex in peptide-based nanodiscs, containing no detergents, has been demonstrated, which are characterized by size exclusion chromatography and NMR spectroscopy. In addition, NMR experiments are used to identify the binding interface of the P450-cytb5 complex in the nanodisc. This is the first successful demonstration of a protein-protein complex in a nanodisc using NMR structural studies and should be useful to obtain valuable structural information on membrane-bound protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA
| | - Rose Ackermann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sang-Choul Im
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan and VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Lucy Waskell
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan and VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA.
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15
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Ogawa Y, Tanaka M. A fluorescent cholesterol analogue for observation of free cholesterol in the plasma membrane of live cells. Anal Biochem 2016; 492:49-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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16
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Ozturk OH, Can Y, Yonden Z, Motor S, Oktay G, Kaya H, Aslan M. Lipoprotein subfraction profile and HDL-associated enzymes in sickle cell disease patients. Lipids 2013; 48:1217-26. [PMID: 24113910 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-013-3849-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although hypocholesterolemia is a reported finding in sickle cell disease (SCD), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions and HDL-associated enzymes have not been determined in SCD patients. Blood was collected from 38 hemoglobin (Hb)A volunteers and 45 homozygous HbSS patients who had not received blood transfusions in the last 3 months. Serum lipids were measured by automated analyzer while LDL and HDL subfraction analysis was done by continuous disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Serum levels of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-I) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly decreased, while TG levels were significantly increased in SCD patients compared to controls. A significant decrease in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL)-C, IDL-B, IDL-A and LDL-1 fractions were seen in SCD patients, while no significant difference was observed in small dense LDL particles. A significant decrease was seen in HDL-large, HDL-intermediate and HDL-small fractions in SCD patients versus controls. Levels of LCAT and ApoA-1 protein measured in SCD patients were significantly lower while no significant difference was observed in CETP and ApoB protein levels compared to controls. The reduction observed in LDL- and HDL-C in SCD patients was reflected as significantly decreased IDL, LDL-1 and HDL-subfractions. Decreased HDL subfractions may possibly lead to the reduced ApoA-1 and LCAT protein levels observed in SCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay H Ozturk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, 31100, Hatay, Turkey,
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