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Sens A, Thomas D, Schäfer SMG, König A, Pinter A, Tegeder I, Geisslinger G, Gurke R. Endocannabinoid analysis in GlucoEXACT plasma: Method validation and sample handling recommendations. Talanta 2024; 278:126518. [PMID: 39018759 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids (ECs), such as anandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG), contribute to the pathology of inflammatory, malignant, cardiovascular, metabolic and mental diseases. The reliability of quantitative analyses in biological fluids of ECs and endocannabinoid-like (EC-like) substances depends on pre-analytical conditions such as temperature and "time-to-centrifugation". Standardization of these parameters is critical for valid quantification and implementation in clinical research. In this study, we compared concentrations obtained with GlucoEXACT blood collection tubes versus K3EDTA tubes and employed the optimized procedure to assess ECs profiles in patients with inflammatory skin disease and healthy controls. A UHPLC-MS/MS method was validated for human plasma from GlucoEXACT blood collection tubes according to EMA and FDA guidelines, and pre-analytical conditions were systematically modified to assess analyte stability and optimize the procedures. The results showed significantly lower concentrations of ECs and EC-like substance concentrations with GlucoEXACT tubes compared with K3EDTA tubes, and GlucoEXACT extended the time window of stable concentrations. The strongest method-disagreement occurred for 1/2-AG suggesting that GlucoEXACT delayed ex vivo isomer rearrangement. Hence, GlucoExact tubes were superior in terms of stability and reliability. However, although absolute concentrations obtained with GlucoExact and K3EDTA differed, linear regression studies showed high agreement (except for 1/2-AG), and both methods showed similar EC profiles and similar disease-dependent pro-inflammatory patterns in dermatology patients. Hence, despite the obstacles in EC analyses, implementation of optimized pre-analytical blood collection and sample processing procedures provide reliable insight into peripheral ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sens
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Thomas
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S M G Schäfer
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A König
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A Pinter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - I Tegeder
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - G Geisslinger
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R Gurke
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Chamorro-Aguirre E, Gaveglio VL, Pascual AC, Pasquaré SJ. The Metabolism of 2-arachidonoylglycerol in Rod Outer Segments Is Modulated by Proteins Involved in the Phototransduction Process. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4577-4588. [PMID: 38109005 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) synthesis by diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) and lysophosphatidate phosphohydrolase (LPAP) and hydrolysis by monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) in rod outer segments (ROS) from bovine retina were differently modified by light applied to the retina. Based on these findings, the aim of the present research was to evaluate whether 2-AG metabolism could be modulated by proteins involved in the visual process. To this end, ROS kept in darkness (DROS) or obtained in darkness and then subjected to light (BROS) were treated with GTPγS and GDPβS, or with low and moderate ionic strength buffers for detaching soluble and peripheral proteins, or soluble proteins, respectively. Only DAGL activity was stimulated by the application of light to the ROS. GTPγS-stimulated DAGL activity in DROS reached similar values to that observed in BROS. The studies using different ionic strength show that (1) the highest decrease in DROS DAGL activity was observed when both phosphodiesterase (PDE) and transducin α (Tα) are totally membrane-associated; (2) the decrease in BROS DAGL activity does not depend on PDE association to membrane, and that (3) MAGL activity decreases, both in DROS and BROS, when PDE is not associated to the membrane. Our results indicate that the bioavailability of 2-AG under light conditions is favored by G protein-stimulated increase in DAGL activity and hindered principally by Tα/PDE association with the ROS membrane, which decreases DAGL activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Chamorro-Aguirre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB, UNS-CONICET), Edificio E1, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Virginia L Gaveglio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB, UNS-CONICET), Edificio E1, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ana C Pascual
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB, UNS-CONICET), Edificio E1, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Susana J Pasquaré
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB, UNS-CONICET), Edificio E1, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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3
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Lagrutta LC, Layerenza JP, Bronsoms S, Trejo SA, Ves-Losada A. Nuclear-lipid-droplet proteome: carboxylesterase as a nuclear lipase involved in lipid-droplet homeostasis. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06539. [PMID: 33817385 PMCID: PMC8010399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear-lipid droplets (nLD)—a dynamic cellular organelle that stores neutral lipids, within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells—consists of a hydrophobic triacylglycerol –cholesterol-ester core enriched in oleic acid (OA) surrounded by a monolayer of polar lipids, cholesterol, and proteins. nLD are probably involved in nuclear-lipid homeostasis serving as an endonuclear buffer that provides or incorporates lipids and proteins participating in signaling pathways, as transcription factors and enzymes of lipid metabolism and nuclear processes. In the present work, we analyzed the nLD proteome and hypothesized that nLD-monolayer proteins could be involved in processes similar as the ones occurring in the cLD including lipid metabolism and other cellular functions. We evaluated the rat-liver–nLD proteome under physiological and nonpathological conditions by GeLC-MS2. Since isolated nLD are highly diluted, a protein-concentrating isolation protocol was designed. Thirty-five proteins were identified within the functional categories: cytoskeleton and structural, transcription and translation, histones, protein-folding and posttranslational modification, cellular proliferation and/or cancer, lipid metabolism, and transport. Purified nLD contained an enzyme from the lipid-metabolism pathway, carboxylesterase 1d (Ces1d/Ces3). Nuclear Carboxylesterase localization was confirmed by Western blotting. By in-silico analyses rat Ces1d/Ces3 secondary and tertiary structure predicted would be equivalent to human CES1. These results—the first nLD proteome—demonstrate that a tandem-GeLC-MS2-analysis protocol facilitates studies like these on rat-liver nuclei. A diversity of cellular-protein function was identified indicating the direct or indirect nLD participation and involving Ces1d/Ces3 in the LD-population homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía C. Lagrutta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata “Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner” (INIBIOLP-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan P. Layerenza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata “Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner” (INIBIOLP-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Silvia Bronsoms
- Servei de Proteómica i Biología Estructural de la Universitat Autonma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastián A. Trejo
- Servei de Proteómica i Biología Estructural de la Universitat Autonma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ana Ves-Losada
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata “Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner” (INIBIOLP-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- Corresponding author.
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Poursharifi P, Attané C, Mugabo Y, Al-Mass A, Ghosh A, Schmitt C, Zhao S, Guida J, Lussier R, Erb H, Chenier I, Peyot ML, Joly E, Noll C, Carpentier AC, Madiraju SRM, Prentki M. Adipose ABHD6 regulates tolerance to cold and thermogenic programs. JCI Insight 2020; 5:140294. [PMID: 33201859 PMCID: PMC7819748 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced energy expenditure in brown (BAT) and white adipose tissues (WAT) can be therapeutic against metabolic diseases. We examined the thermogenic role of adipose α/β-hydrolase domain 6 (ABHD6), which hydrolyzes monoacylglycerol (MAG), by employing adipose-specific ABHD6-KO mice. Control and KO mice showed similar phenotypes at room temperature and thermoneutral conditions. However, KO mice were resistant to hypothermia, which can be accounted for by the simultaneously increased lipolysis and lipogenesis of the thermogenic glycerolipid/free fatty acid (GL/FFA) cycle in visceral fat, despite unaltered uncoupling protein 1 expression. Upon cold stress, nuclear 2-MAG levels increased in visceral WAT of the KO mice. Evidence is provided that 2-MAG causes activation of PPARα in white adipocytes, leading to elevated expression and activity of GL/FFA cycle enzymes. In the ABHD6-ablated BAT, glucose and oxidative metabolism were elevated upon cold induction, without changes in GL/FFA cycle and lipid turnover. Moreover, response to in vivo β3-adrenergic stimulation was comparable between KO and control mice. Our data reveal a MAG/PPARα/GL/FFA cycling metabolic signaling network in visceral adipose tissue, which contributes to cold tolerance, and that adipose ABHD6 is a negative modulator of adaptive thermogenesis. Visceral adipose adipose α/β-hydrolase domain 6 regulates cold adaptation and acts as a brake for heat production via the regulation of thermogenic glycerolipid/free fatty acid cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Poursharifi
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Camille Attané
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Mugabo
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anfal Al-Mass
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anindya Ghosh
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Clémence Schmitt
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Julian Guida
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Roxane Lussier
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Heidi Erb
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Chenier
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Line Peyot
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Erik Joly
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christophe Noll
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - André C Carpentier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - S R Murthy Madiraju
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
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5
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The Endocannabinoid System Is Present in Rod Outer Segments from Retina and Is Modulated by Light. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7284-7295. [PMID: 31016476 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to evaluate if the endocannabinoid system (enzymes and receptors) could be modulated by light in rod outer segment (ROS) from bovine retina. First, we analyzed endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) metabolism in purified ROS obtained from dark-adapted (DROS) or light-adapted (LROS) retinas. To this end, diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL), monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), and lysophosphatidate phosphohydrolase (LPAP) enzymatic activities were analyzed using radioactive substrates. The protein content of these enzymes and of the receptors to which cannabinoids bind was determined by immunoblotting under light stimulus. Our results indicate that whereas DAGL and MAGL activities were stimulated in retinas exposed to light, no changes were observed in LPAP activity. Interestingly, the protein content of the main enzymes involved in 2-AG metabolism, phospholipase C β1 (PLCβ1), and DAGLα (synthesis), and MAGL (hydrolysis), was also modified by light. PLCβ1 content was increased, while that of lipases was decreased. On the other hand, light produced an increase in the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 and a decrease in GPR55 protein levels. Taken together, our results indicate that the endocannabinoid system (enzymes and receptors) depends on the illumination state of the retina, suggesting that proteins related to phototransduction phenomena could be involved in the effects observed.
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Peppino Margutti M, Gaveglio VL, Reyna M, Pasquaré SJ, Racagni GE, Villasuso AL. Differential phosphatidic acid metabolism in barley leaves and roots induced by chilling temperature. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:174-182. [PMID: 30199789 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is an important bioactive lipid that mediates chilling responses in barley. Modifications in the lipid composition of cellular membranes during chilling are essential to maintain their integrity and fluidity. First, we investigated the molecular species of PA present in leaves and roots by ESI-MS/MS, to evaluate the modifications that occur in response to chilling. We demonstrated that PA pools in leaves differ from PA fatty acid composition in roots. Compared with plants grown at 25 °C, the short-term and long-term chilling for 3 h and 36 h at 4 °C not produced significant changes in PA molecular species. The endogenous DAG and PA phosphorylation by in vitro DAG and PA kinase activities showed higher activity in leaves compared with that in root, and they showed contrasting responses to chilling. Similarly, PA removal by phosphatidate phosphohydrolase was tested, showing that this activity was specifically increased in response to chilling in roots. The findings presented here may be helpful to understand how the PA signal is modulated between tissues, and may serve to highlight the importance of knowing the basal PA pools in different plant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Peppino Margutti
- Dpto. de Biología Molecular, FCEFQN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Virginia L Gaveglio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca INIBIBB, UNS-CONICET, Edificio E1, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Reyna
- Dpto. de Biología Molecular, FCEFQN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Susana J Pasquaré
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca INIBIBB, UNS-CONICET, Edificio E1, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Graciela E Racagni
- Dpto. de Biología Molecular, FCEFQN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Laura Villasuso
- Dpto. de Biología Molecular, FCEFQN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
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7
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Fu P, Ebenezer DL, Ha AW, Suryadevara V, Harijith A, Natarajan V. Nuclear lipid mediators: Role of nuclear sphingolipids and sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in epigenetic regulation of inflammation and gene expression. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6337-6353. [PMID: 29377310 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol are integral components of eukaryotic cell organelles, including the nucleus. Recent evidence shows characteristic features of nuclear lipid composition and signaling, which are distinct from that of the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. While the nuclear phosphoinositol lipid signaling in cell cycle regulation and differentiation has been well described, there is a paucity on the role of nuclear sphingolipids and sphingolipid signaling in different physiological and pathophysiological human conditions. In this prospective, we describe the role of sphingolipids and specifically focus on the sphingoid bases, such as sphingosine, ceramide, and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) generation and catabolism in nuclear signaling and function. Particularly, S1P generated in the nucleus by phosphorylation of SPHK2 modulates HDAC activity either by direct binding or through activation of nuclear reactive oxygen species and regulates cell cycle and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Potential implication of association of SPHK2 with the co-repressor complexes and generation of S1P in the nucleus on chromatin remodeling under normal and pathological conditions is discussed. A better understanding of sphingolipid signaling in the nucleus will facilitate the design and development of new and novel therapeutic approaches to modulate expression of pro-inflammatory and cell cycle dependent genes in human pathologies such as cancer, bacterial lung infection, neurodegeneration, and cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David L Ebenezer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alison W Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
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8
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Gaveglio VL, Pascual AC, Giusto NM, Pasquaré SJ. Age-related changes in retinoic, docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid modulation in nuclear lipid metabolism. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 604:121-7. [PMID: 27355428 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study how age-related changes could modify several enzymatic activities that regulate lipid mediator levels in nuclei from rat cerebellum and how these changes are modulated by all-trans retinoic acid (RA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA). The higher phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity and lower diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) activity observed in aged animals compared with adults could augment diacylglycerol (DAG) availability in the former. Additionally, monoacylglycerol (MAG) availability could be high due to an increase in lysophosphatidate phosphohydrolase (LPAPase) activity and a decrease in monocylglycerol lipase activity. Interestingly, RA, DHA and AA were observed to modulate these enzymatic activities and this modulation was found to change in aged rats. In adult nuclei, whereas RA led to high DAG and MAG production through inhibition of their hydrolytic enzymes, DHA and AA promoted high MAG production by LPAPase and DAGL stimulation. In contrast, in aged nuclei RA caused high MAG generation whereas DHA and AA diminished it through LPAPase activity modulation. These results demonstrate that aging promotes a different nuclear lipid metabolism as well as a different type of non-genomic regulation by RA, DHA and AA, which could be involved in nuclear signaling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia L Gaveglio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Ana C Pascual
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Norma M Giusto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Susana J Pasquaré
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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9
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García del Caño G, Aretxabala X, González-Burguera I, Montaña M, López de Jesús M, Barrondo S, Barrio RJ, Sampedro C, Goicolea MA, Sallés J. Nuclear diacylglycerol lipase-α in rat brain cortical neurons: evidence of 2-arachidonoylglycerol production in concert with phospholipase C-β activity. J Neurochem 2014; 132:489-503. [PMID: 25308538 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we describe the localization of diacylglycerol lipase-α (DAGLα) in nuclei from adult cortical neurons, as assessed by double-immunofluorescence staining of rat brain cortical sections and purified intact nuclei and by western blot analysis of subnuclear fractions. Double-labeling assays using the anti-DAGLα antibody and NeuN combined with Hoechst staining showed that only nuclei of neuronal origin were DAGLα positive. At high resolution, DAGLα-signal displayed a punctate pattern in nuclear subdomains poor in Hoechst's chromatin and lamin B1 staining. In contrast, SC-35- and NeuN-signals (markers of the nuclear speckles) showed a high overlap with DAGLα within specific subdomains of the nuclear matrix. Among the members of the phospholipase C-β (PLCβ) family, PLCβ1, PLCβ2, and PLCβ4 exhibited the same distribution with respect to chromatin, lamin B1, SC-35, and NeuN as that described for DAGLα. Furthermore, by quantifying the basal levels of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and by characterizing the pharmacology of its accumulation, we describe the presence of a mechanism for 2-AG production, and its PLCβ/DAGLα-dependent biosynthesis in isolated nuclei. These results extend our knowledge about subcellular distribution of neuronal DAGLα, providing biochemical grounds to hypothesize a role for 2-AG locally produced within the neuronal nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gontzal García del Caño
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Xabier Aretxabala
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Imanol González-Burguera
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Mario Montaña
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Maider López de Jesús
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Sergio Barrondo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Ramón J Barrio
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Carmen Sampedro
- Servicio General de Análisis, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - M Arantzazu Goicolea
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Joan Sallés
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
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Natalini PM, Mateos MV, Ilincheta de Boschero MG, Giusto NM. A novel light-dependent activation of DAGK and PKC in bovine photoreceptor nuclei. Exp Eye Res 2014; 125:142-55. [PMID: 24950064 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we describe a selective light-dependent distribution of the lipid kinase 1,2-diacylglycerol kinase (EC 2.7.1.107, DAGK) and the phosphorylated protein kinase C alpha (pPKCα) in a nuclear fraction of photoreceptor cells from bovine retinas. A nuclear fraction enriched in small nuclei from photoreceptor cells (PNF), was obtained when a modified nuclear isolation protocol developed by our laboratory was used. We measured and compared DAGK activity as phosphatidic acid (PA) formation in PNF obtained from retinas exposed to light and in retinas kept in darkness using [γ-(32)P]ATP or [(3)H]DAG. In the absence of exogenous substrates and detergents, no changes in DAGK activity were observed. However, when DAGK activity assays were performed in the presence of exogenous substrates, such as stearoyl arachidonoyl glycerol (SAG) or dioleoyl glycerol (DOG), and different detergents (used to make different DAGK isoforms evident), we observed significant light effects on DAGK activity, suggesting the presence of several DAGK isoforms in PNF. Under conditions favoring DAGKζ activity (DOG, Triton X-100, dioleoyl phosphatidylserine and R59022) we observed an increase in PA formation in PNF from retinas exposed to light with respect to those exposed to darkness. In contrast, under conditions favoring DAGKɛ (SAG, octylglucoside and R59022) we observed a decrease in its activity. These results suggest different physiological roles of the above-mentioned DAGK isoforms. Western blot analysis showed that whereas light stimulation of bovine retinas increases DAGKζ nuclear content, it decreases DAGKɛ and DAGKβ content in PNF. The role of PIP2-phospholipase C in light-stimulated DAGK activity was demonstrated using U73122. Light was also observed to induce enhanced pPKCα content in PNF. The selective distribution of DAGKζ and ɛ in PNF could be a light-dependent mechanism that in vertebrate retina promotes selective DAG removal and PKC regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola M Natalini
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melina V Mateos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica G Ilincheta de Boschero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Norma M Giusto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Gaveglio VL, Pasquaré SJ, Giusto NM. Phosphatidic acid metabolism in rat liver cell nuclei. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:950-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Aaltonen N, Lehtonen M, Varonen K, Goterris GA, Laitinen JT. Lipid phosphate phosphatase inhibitors locally amplify lysophosphatidic acid LPA1 receptor signalling in rat brain cryosections without affecting global LPA degradation. BMC Pharmacol 2012; 12:7. [PMID: 22686545 PMCID: PMC3418163 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2210-12-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a signalling phospholipid with multiple biological functions, mainly mediated through specific G protein-coupled receptors. Aberrant LPA signalling is being increasingly implicated in the pathology of common human diseases, such as arteriosclerosis and cancer. The lifetime of the signalling pool of LPA is controlled by the equilibrium between synthesizing and degradative enzymatic activity. In the current study, we have characterized these enzymatic pathways in rat brain by pharmacologically manipulating the enzymatic machinery required for LPA degradation. Results In rat brain cryosections, the lifetime of bioactive LPA was found to be controlled by Mg2+-independent, N-ethylmaleimide-insensitive phosphatase activity, attributed to lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). Pharmacological inhibition of this LPP activity amplified LPA1 receptor signalling, as revealed using functional autoradiography. Although two LPP inhibitors, sodium orthovanadate and propranolol, locally amplified receptor responses, they did not affect global brain LPA phosphatase activity (also attributed to Mg2+-independent, N-ethylmaleimide-insensitive phosphatases), as confirmed by Pi determination and by LC/MS/MS. Interestingly, the phosphate analog, aluminium fluoride (AlFx-) not only irreversibly inhibited LPP activity thereby potentiating LPA1 receptor responses, but also totally prevented LPA degradation, however this latter effect was not essential in order to observe AlFx--dependent potentiation of receptor signalling. Conclusions We conclude that vanadate- and propranolol-sensitive LPP activity locally guards the signalling pool of LPA whereas the majority of brain LPA phosphatase activity is attributed to LPP-like enzymatic activity which, like LPP activity, is sensitive to AlFx- but resistant to the LPP inhibitors, vanadate and propranolol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Aaltonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P,O, Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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