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Nagendra K, Izzet A, Judd NB, Zakine R, Friedman L, Harrison OJ, Pontani LL, Shapiro L, Honig B, Brujic J. Push-pull mechanics of E-cadherin ectodomains in biomimetic adhesions. Biophys J 2023; 122:3506-3515. [PMID: 37528581 PMCID: PMC10502478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
E-cadherin plays a central role in cell-cell adhesion. The ectodomains of wild-type cadherins form a crystalline-like two-dimensional lattice in cell-cell interfaces mediated by both trans (apposed cell) and cis (same cell) interactions. In addition to these extracellular forces, adhesive strength is further regulated by cytosolic phenomena involving α and β catenin-mediated interactions between cadherin and the actin cytoskeleton. Cell-cell adhesion can be further strengthened under tension through mechanisms that have not been definitively characterized in molecular detail. Here we quantitatively determine the role of the cadherin ectodomain in mechanosensing. To this end, we devise an E-cadherin-coated emulsion system, in which droplet surface tension is balanced by protein binding strength to give rise to stable areas of adhesion. To reach the honeycomb/cohesive limit, an initial emulsion compression by centrifugation facilitates E-cadherin trans binding, whereas a high protein surface concentration enables the cis-enhanced stabilization of the interface. We observe an abrupt concentration dependence on recruitment into adhesions of constant crystalline density, reminiscent of a first-order phase transition. Removing the lateral cis interaction with a "cis mutant" shifts this transition to higher surface densities leading to denser, yet weaker adhesions. In both proteins, the stabilization of progressively larger areas of deformation is consistent with single-molecule experiments that show a force-dependent lifetime enhancement in the cadherin ectodomain, which may be attributed to the "X-dimer" bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikeya Nagendra
- Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York; Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Training Program, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Adrien Izzet
- Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Nicolas B Judd
- Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Ruben Zakine
- Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Leah Friedman
- Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York; Département de Physique, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Oliver J Harrison
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Léa-Laetitia Pontani
- Laboratoire Jean Perrin, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Lawrence Shapiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Barry Honig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jasna Brujic
- Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York; Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique de Milieux Hétérogènes, UMR 7636, CNRS, ESPCI Paris-PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Arora N, Hazra JP, Rakshit S. Anisotropy in mechanical unfolding of protein upon partner-assisted pulling and handle-assisted pulling. Commun Biol 2021; 4:925. [PMID: 34326473 PMCID: PMC8322310 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins as force-sensors respond to mechanical cues and regulate signaling in physiology. Proteins commonly connect the source and response points of mechanical cues in two conformations, independent proteins in end-to-end geometry and protein complexes in handshake geometry. The force-responsive property of independent proteins in end-to-end geometry is studied extensively using single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS). The physiological significance of the complex conformations in force-sensing is often disregarded as mere surge protectors. However, with the potential of force-steering, protein complexes possess a distinct mechano-responsive property over individual force-sensors. To decipher, we choose a force-sensing protein, cadherin-23, from tip-link complex and perform SMFS using end-to-end geometry and handshake complex geometry. We measure higher force-resilience of cadherin-23 with preferential shorter extensions in handshake mode of pulling over the direct mode. The handshake geometry drives the force-response of cadherin-23 through different potential-energy landscapes than direct pulling. Analysis of the dynamic network structure of cadherin-23 under tension indicates narrow force-distributions among residues in cadherin-23 in direct pulling, resulting in low force-dissipation paths and low resilience to force. Overall, the distinct and superior mechanical responses of cadherin-23 in handshake geometry than single protein geometry highlight a probable evolutionary drive of protein-protein complexes as force-conveyors over independent ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Arora
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jagadish Prasad Hazra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Sabyasachi Rakshit
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India.
- Centre for Protein Science Design and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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Rogers CD, Sorrells LK, Bronner ME. A catenin-dependent balance between N-cadherin and E-cadherin controls neuroectodermal cell fate choices. Mech Dev 2018; 152:44-56. [PMID: 30009960 PMCID: PMC6112866 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing endogenous protein expression, interaction and function, this study identifies in vivo interactions and competitive balance between N-cadherin and E-cadherin in developing avian (Gallus gallus) neural and neural crest cells. Numerous cadherin proteins, including neural cadherin (Ncad) and epithelial cadherin (Ecad), are expressed in the developing neural plate as well as in neural crest cells as they delaminate from the newly closed neural tube. To clarify independent or coordinate function during development, we examined their expression in the cranial region. The results revealed surprising overlap and distinct localization of Ecad and Ncad in the neural tube. Using a proximity ligation assay and co-immunoprecipitation, we found that Ncad and Ecad formed heterotypic complexes in the developing neural tube, and that modulation of Ncad levels led to reciprocal gain or reduction of Ecad protein, which then alters ectodermal cell fate. Here, we demonstrate that the balance of Ecad and Ncad is dependent upon the availability of β-catenin proteins, and that alteration of either classical cadherin modifies the proportions of the neural crest and neuroectodermal cells that are specified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal D Rogers
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, United States of America.
| | - Lisa K Sorrells
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, United States of America.
| | - Marianne E Bronner
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States of America.
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