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Wang H, Ma Z, Xu M, Xiong M, Chen X, Zhou Y, Tang W, Li X, Chen W, Ma H, Ye X. Coptisine-mediated downregulation of E2F7 induces G2/M phase arrest in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inhibition of E2F4/NFYA/NFYB transcription factors. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 397:111063. [PMID: 38795876 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Coptisine (COP) has been shown to exhibit a wide range of anticancer properties, including in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the precise mechanism of COP in the treatment of HCC remains elusive. This study aims to investigate the potential mechanism of action of COP against HCC. By evaluating the anti-HCC activity of COP in different HCC cells lines and in xenografted nude mice, it was found that COP inhibited HCC in vitro and in vivo. Through RNA-Seq analysis, E2F7 was identified as a potential target of COP against HCC, as well as the cell cycle as a possible pathway. The overexpression of E2F7 and the inhibition of CHK1 demonstrated that COP inhibits the activity of HCC and induces G2/M phase arrest of HCC cells by down-regulating E2F7 and influencing the CHK1/CDC25A pathway. Finally, the promoter fragmentation experiments and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that COP down-regulated E2F7 by inhibiting the E2F4/NFYA/NFYB transcription factors. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that COP downregulates E2F7 by affecting key transcription factors, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest and inhibits HCC cell growth. This provides further evidence of the efficacy of COP in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Zhengcai Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Minmin Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Mengyuan Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xiantao Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Wanyu Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xuegang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Wanqun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400000, China.
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Ling Z, Pan J, Zhang Z, Chen G, Geng J, Lin Q, Zhang T, Cao S, Chen C, Lin J, Yuan H, Ding W, Xiao F, Xu X, Li F, Wang G, Zhang Y, Li J. Small-molecule Molephantin induces apoptosis and mitophagy flux blockage through ROS production in glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 592:216927. [PMID: 38697460 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most malignant brain tumors in the world, has limited treatment options and a dismal survival rate. Effective and safe disease-modifying drugs for glioblastoma are urgently needed. Here, we identified a small molecule, Molephantin (EM-5), effectively penetrated the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and demonstrated notable antitumor effects against GBM with good safety profiles both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, EM-5 not only inhibits the proliferation and invasion of GBM cells but also induces cell apoptosis through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, EM-5 causes mitochondrial dysfunction and blocks mitophagy flux by impeding the fusion of mitophagosomes with lysosomes. It is noteworthy that EM-5 does not interfere with the initiation of autophagosome formation or lysosomal function. Additionally, the mitophagy flux blockage caused by EM-5 was driven by the accumulation of intracellular ROS. In vivo, EM-5 exhibited significant efficacy in suppressing tumor growth in a xenograft model. Collectively, our findings not only identified EM-5 as a promising, effective, and safe lead compound for treating GBM but also uncovered its underlying mechanisms from the perspective of apoptosis and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Ling
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junping Pan
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongfei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guisi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Geng
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqin Cao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyao Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weilong Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinke Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangcheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guocai Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Junliang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Mahaamnad N, Pocasap P, Kukongviriyapan V, Senggunprai L, Prawan A, Kongpetch S. Dual blockage of PI3K-mTOR and FGFR induced autophagic cell death in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31112. [PMID: 38799762 PMCID: PMC11126846 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the impact of concurrent inhibition of the FGFR and PI3K/mTOR signaling pathways on oncogenic characteristics in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells, including proliferation, autophagy, and cell death. Materials and methods KKU-213A, KKU-100, and KKU-213C cells were treated with either infigratinib or PKI-402 alone or in combination. Cell viability and cell death were evaluated using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. Cell cycle progression and apoptotic cell death were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was performed to assess the expression of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and autophagy. Additionally, AO staining was employed to assess autophagic induction. Results The combination of infigratinib and PKI-402 showed a remarked synergistic suppression in cell viability in both CCA cell lines compared to treatment with single inhibitors. This antiproliferative effect was associated with cell cycle arrest in the G2-M phase and a decrease in the expression of cyclin A and cyclin B1 in CCA cells. Furthermore, the combination treatment induced apoptotic cell death to a greater extent than treatment with a single inhibitor. Infigratinib enhanced the induction of autophagy by PKI-402, as evidenced by marked increases of autophagic vacuoles stained acridine orange, levels of LC3B-II and suppression of levels of p-mTOR and. Notably, inhibition of autophagic flux by chloroquine prevented cell death induced by the combination treatment. Conclusions This study demonstrated that concurrent inhibition of the key FGFR/PI3K/mTOR pathways in CCA carcinogenesis enhances the suppression of CCA cells. The present findings indicate potential clinical implications for using combination treatment modalities in CCA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narumon Mahaamnad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Piman Pocasap
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Laddawan Senggunprai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Auemduan Prawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sarinya Kongpetch
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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Cai H, Meng Z, Yu F. The involvement of ROS-regulated programmed cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104361. [PMID: 38626849 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxidative species (ROS) is a crucial factor in the regulation of cellular biological activity and function, and aberrant levels of ROS can contribute to the development of a variety of diseases, particularly cancer. Numerous discoveries have affirmed that this process is strongly associated with "programmed cell death (PCD)," which refers to the suicide protection mechanism initiated by cells in response to external stimuli, such as apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, etc. Research has demonstrated that ROS-induced PCD is crucial for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These activities serve a dual function in both facilitating and inhibiting cancer, suggesting the existence of a delicate balance within healthy cells that can be disrupted by the abnormal generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby influencing the eventual advancement or regression of a tumor. In this review, we summarize how ROS regulates PCD to influence the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. Studying how ROS-induced PCD affects the progression of HCC at a molecular level can help develop better prevention and treatment methods and facilitate the design of more effective preventative and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchen Cai
- The First Afliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fujun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Zhou YT, Li S, Du SL, Zhao JH, Cai YQ, Zhang ZQ. The multifaceted role of macrophage mitophagy in SiO 2-induced pulmonary fibrosis: A brief review. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38644760 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to environments with high concentrations of crystalline silica (CS) can lead to silicosis. Macrophages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of silicosis. In the process of silicosis, silica (SiO2) invades alveolar macrophages (AMs) and induces mitophagy which usually exists in three states: normal, excessive, and/or deficiency. Different mitophagy states lead to corresponding toxic responses, including successful macrophage repair, injury, necrosis, apoptosis, and even pulmonary fibrosis. This is a complex process accompanied by various cytokines. Unfortunately, the details have not been fully systematically summarized. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the role of macrophage mitophagy in SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis by systematic analysis on the literature reports. In this review, we first summarized the current data on the macrophage mitophagy in the development of SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Then, we introduce the molecular mechanism on how SiO2-induced mitophagy causes pulmonary fibrosis. Finally, we focus on introducing new therapies based on newly developed mitophagy-inducing strategies. We conclude that macrophage mitophagy plays a multifaceted role in the progression of SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and reprogramming the macrophage mitophagy state accordingly may be a potential means of preventing and treating pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Zhou
- Department of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shu-Ling Du
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | | | - Zhao-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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6
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Wang D, Qin L, Jing C, Wang G, Zhou H, Deng P, Zhang S, Wang Y, Ding Y, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Liu Y. Biologically active isoquinoline alkaloids covering 2019-2022. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107252. [PMID: 38437763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Isoquinoline alkaloids are an important class of natural products that are abundant in the plant kingdom and exhibit a wide range of structural diversity and biological activities. With the deepening of research in recent years, more and more isoquinoline alkaloids have been isolated and identified and proved to contain a variety of biological activities and pharmacological effects. In this review, we introduce the research progress of isoquinoline alkaloids from 2019 to 2022, mainly in the part of biological activities, including antitumor, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, analgesic, and other activities. This study provides a clear direction for the rational development and utilization of isoquinoline alkaloids, suggesting that these alkaloids have great potential in the field of drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengtuo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Lulu Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chenxin Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guanghan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Han Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shaoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanyan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhengrong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yingqian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Xu J, Chen F, Zhu W, Zhang W. NPC1 promotes autophagy with tumor promotion and acts as a prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gene 2024; 897:148050. [PMID: 38042211 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND more and more studies have indicated that autophagy plays a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in recent years. Hence, our study aimed to establish a prognostic signature for HCC based on autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in order to predict the prognosis of HCC. METHODS All original gene-expression data and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). ARGs were obtained from the Human Autophagy Database (HADb). Univariate Cox regression analysis, Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis were performed to identify and validate the validity and reliability of our eight-gene signature, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to perform enrichment analysis by comparing high-risk and low-risk groups in KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) and GO (Gene Ontology) gene sets. Finally, we verified the gene (NPC1) by functional experiments in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS 8 ARGs were identified for establishing an eight-gene signature. Then, we validated our eight-gene signature in training, internal, external, and entire testing cohorts. Besides, we also explored the relationships between the eight-gene signature and immune infiltration or immune checkpoints. We also identified NPC1 was closely related to Activated CD4 T cell and Type I IFN Response, and higher expressed level of HCC patients was more sensitive to CTLA4 and TNFRSF9 immune checkpoint inhibitors. NPC1 is highly expressed in HCC cells and tumor tissues, which promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells by activating autophagy.. CONCLUSION 8 ARGs were used to establish a gene signature to predict the prognosis of HCC. we inferred that NPC1 can promote late autophagy, it could be a future novel therapeutic target of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Wenjie Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China.
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8
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Chen C, Wu H, Fu X, Li R, Cheng H, Wang M, Zhou A, Zhang M, Li Q. A UPLC-QTOF/MS-based hepatic tissue metabolomics approach deciphers the mechanism of Huachansu tablets-based intervention against hepatocellular carcinoma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 239:115875. [PMID: 38061172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Huachansu (HCS) tablets, classified as well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation, have been proved to be effective in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinical studies. However, the underlying mechanism of HCS tablets against HCC has not been comprehensively elucidated. In this study, a rat model of HCC was established with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) inducer. The efficacy of HCS tablets against HCC was assessed through liver histopathological examination and evaluation of biochemical indicators. A metabolomics method based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS combined with multivariate data analysis was established to identify differential metabolites related to the inhibition effect of HCS tablets on HCC, and then the relevant metabolic pathway analysis was performed to investigate the anti-HCC mechanisms of HCS tablets. The results showed that compared to the control group, the HCC model group showed a significant increase in the values of HCC-related biochemical indicators and the number of tumor nodules, indicating the successful establishment of the HCC rat model. Upon treatment with HCS tablets, the values of HCC-related biochemical indicators decreased, liver fibrosis and nuclear deformation were also significantly alleviated. A total of 15 differential metabolites associated with the anti-tumor effect of HCS tablets on HCC were screened and annotated through hepatic tissue metabolomics studies. Analysis of metabolic pathways revealed that the therapeutic effects of HCS tablets on HCC mainly involved the pentose and glucuronate interconversions and arachidonic acid metabolism. Further western blotting corroborated that the alteration in arachidonic acid (AA) level after the intervention of HCS tablets was related to the inhibition of cPLA2α expression in rat liver tissues. In conclusion, HCS tablets exhibit a certain anti-tumor effect on HCC, and the metabolomics method based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS combined with further verification at the biochemical level is a promising way to reveal its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Xiaojie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - An Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
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9
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Meng J, Song X, Xing X, Chen J, Lou D. Coptisine prevents angiotensin II‑induced endothelial cell injury and senescence via the lncRNA SNHG12/miR‑603/NAMPT pathway. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:68. [PMID: 38234617 PMCID: PMC10792411 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major health problem and targeting the associated molecular pathways is critical for developing therapies. The present study investigated the effect of coptisine on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in response to angiotensin II (Ang II) induction by focusing on cellular senescence, apoptosis and inflammation. HUVECs were treated with different Ang II concentrations and long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12), microRNA (miRNA/miR)-603 and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) expressions were assessed. Cell viability, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, senescence, apoptosis and inflammation were assessed. The interactions among SNHG12, miR-603 and NAMPT were investigated using dual-luciferase reporter gene assays and RNA pull-down experiments. Coptisine treatment increased SNHG12 expression and attenuated Ang II-induced adverse effects in HUVECs. SNHG12 silencing abrogated coptisine's protective effects, indicating that SNHG12 is a key mediator. SNHG12 targets miR-603, which then directly targets NAMPT, an age-related gene involved in NAD(+) regulation. Coptisine modulated the SNHG12/miR-603/NAMPT pathway and miR-603 inhibition enhanced the protective effects of coptisine. NAMPT overexpression reversed the negative effects of miR-603 and enhanced the protective effect of the miR-603 inhibitor. Finally, the protective mechanism of coptisine is linked to the regulation of NAD(+), sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and p53. Coptisine treatment counteracted the AngII-induced increase in SIRT3 and p53 protein levels, whereas the miR-603 inhibitor potentiated the effect of coptisine. SNHG12 knockdown partially abolished these effects, which were reversed by NAMPT overexpression. In conclusion, the present study revealed a novel protective mechanism involving the SNHG12/miR-603/NAMPT pathway in HUVECs exposed to Ang II, highlighting the potential therapeutic application of coptisine in treating atherosclerosis. These results suggested that coptisine exerts its protective effects by modulating the SNHG12/miR-603/NAMPT axis, which ultimately affects the regulation of NAD(+), SIRT3 and p53. Future studies should explore the potential of the SNHG12/miR-603/NAMPT pathway as a target for developing novel AS therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Meng
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Song
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Xing
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Danfei Lou
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
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10
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Ji G, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li H, Sun P. Recent advances of novel targeted drug delivery systems based on natural medicine monomers against hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24667. [PMID: 38312669 PMCID: PMC10834828 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent type of liver cancer, is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Surgical interventions are often ineffective, leading HCC patients to rely on systemic chemotherapy. Unfortunately, commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs have limited efficacy and can adversely affect vital organs, causing significant physical and psychological distress for patients. Natural medicine monomers (NMMs) have shown promising efficacy and safety profiles in HCC treatment, garnering attention from researchers. In recent years, the development of novel targeted drug delivery systems (TDDS) combining NMMs with nanocarriers has emerged. These TDDS aim to concentrate drugs effectively in HCC cells by manipulating the characteristics of nanomedicines, leveraging receptor and ligand interactions, and utilizing endogenous stimulatory responses to promote specific nanomedicines distribution. This comprehensive review presents recent research on TDDS for HCC treatment using NMMs from three perspectives: passive TDDS, active TDDS, and stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (SDDS). It consolidates the current state of research on TDDS for HCC treatment with NMMs and highlights the potential of these innovative approaches in improving treatment outcomes. Moreover, the review also identifies research gaps in the related fields to provide references for future targeted therapy research in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Ping Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
- Grade Three Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
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11
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Lu Q, Tang Y, Luo S, Gong Q, Li C. Coptisine, the Characteristic Constituent from Coptis chinensis, Exhibits Significant Therapeutic Potential in Treating Cancers, Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:2121-2156. [PMID: 37930333 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2350091x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally derived alkaloids belong to a class of quite significant organic compounds. Coptisine, a benzyl tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, is one of the major bioactive constituents in Coptis chinensis Franch., which is a famous traditional Chinese medicine. C. chinensis possesses many kinds of functions, including the ability to eliminate heat, expel dampness, purge fire, and remove noxious substances. In Asian countries, C. chinensis is traditionally employed to treat carbuncle and furuncle, diabetes, jaundice, stomach and intestinal disorders, red eyes, toothache, and skin disorders. Up to now, there has been plenty of research of coptisine with respect to its pharmacology. Nevertheless, a comprehensive review of coptisine-associated research is urgently needed. This paper was designed to summarize in detail the progress in the research of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and formulation of coptisine. The related studies included in this paper were retrieved from the following academic databases: The Web of Science, PubMed, Google scholar, Elsevier, and CNKI. The cutoff date was January 2023. Coptisine manifests various pharmacological actions, including anticancer, antimetabolic disease, anti-inflammatory disease, and antigastrointestinal disease effects, among others. Based on its pharmacokinetics, the primary metabolic site of coptisine is the liver. Coptisine is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal system, and most of it is expelled in the form of its prototype through feces. Regarding safety, coptisine displayed potential hepatotoxicity. Some novel formulations, including the [Formula: see text]-cyclodextrin-based inclusion complex and nanocarriers, could effectively enhance the bioavailability of coptisine. The traditional use of C. chinensis is closely connected with the pharmacological actions of coptisine. Although there are some disadvantages, including poor solubility, low bioavailability, and possible hepatotoxicity, coptisine is still a prospective naturally derived drug candidate, especially in the treatment of tumors as well as metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Further investigation of coptisine is necessary to facilitate the application of coptisine-based drugs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Luo
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518005, P. R. China
| | - Qihai Gong
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P. R. China
| | - Cailan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P. R. China
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12
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Li J, Liu X. Coptisine inhibits the malignancy of bladder carcinoma cells and regulates XPO1 expression. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:805-814. [PMID: 37442763 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This work is performed to investigate the effect of coptisine (COP) on the malignant biological behaviors of bladder carcinoma cells and its underlying mechanism. Bladder carcinoma cell lines were treated with different concentrations of COP in vitro. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), scratch healing assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry were used to detect cell growth, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the molecular targets of COP. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were adopted to determine the expression levels of exportin 1 (XPO1) mRNA and protein, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to predict the signaling pathways related to XPO1. This study showed that COP treatment markedly suppressed the malignant biological behaviors of bladder carcinoma cells. XPO1 was identified as a downstream molecular target of COP in bladder carcinoma, and COP treatment inhibited the expression of XPO1 in bladder carcinoma cell lines. Overexpression of XPO1 reversed the impacts of COP on the malignant biological behaviors of bladder carcinoma cells. COP treatment modulated the expression level of cyclin D1 and CYP450 via XPO1. In summary, COP represses the malignant biological behaviors of bladder carcinoma cells and regulates XPO1 expression, which is promising to be a complementary drug for bladder carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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13
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Zhang T, Zhang T, Gao C, Jalal S, Yuan R, Teng H, Li C, Huang L. Antitumor Effects of β-Elemene Through Inducing Autophagy-Mediated Apoptosis in Ewing Sarcoma Family Tumor Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:532-540. [PMID: 37610845 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFTs) are a group of aggressive tumors mainly affecting children and young people. A compound derived from Curcuma wenyujin plant or lemon grass, β-elemene, has exhibited antitumor effects to ESFT cells, the mechanism of which remains to be clarified further. Autophagy is involved in the antitumor effects of various drugs, whereas the role of autophagy in the antitumor effects of β-elemene persists controversial. Herein we found that β-elemene treatment inhibited the viability of ESFT cells in a dose-dependent manner. The increase of LC3-II level and the decrease of p62 level were observed in β-elemene-treated cells, as well as the increase of autolysosomes, which indicated the promotion of autophagic flux. Sequentially the autophagy inhibition using 3-MA treatment or ATG5 depletion significantly reversed the viability repression and apoptosis induction by β-elemene treatment. In addition, autophagy was found to be important in the toxic effects induced by the combination treatment of β-elemene and IGF1R inhibition in ESFT cells. Our data suggested an essential role of autophagy in β-elemene-induced apoptosis in ESFT cells, which is anticipated to provide novel insights to the development of ESFT treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanzhou Gao
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, and Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Sajid Jalal
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqiang Yuan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongming Teng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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14
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Shi XZ, Zhao S, Wang Y, Wang MY, Su SW, Wu YZ, Xiong C. Antitumor Activity of Berberine by Activating Autophagy and Apoptosis in CAL-62 and BHT-101 Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1889-1906. [PMID: 37397788 PMCID: PMC10312214 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s406354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is the most lethal thyroid carcinoma. Doxorubicin (DOX) is the only drug approved for anaplastic thyroid cancer treatment, but its clinical use is restricted due to irreversible tissue toxicity. Berberine (BER), an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Coptidis Rhizoma, has been proposed to have antitumor activity in many cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms by which BER regulates apoptosis and autophagy in ATC remain unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of BER in human ATC cell lines CAL-62 and BHT-101 as well as the underlying mechanisms. In addition, we assessed the antitumor effects of a combination of BER and DOX in ATC cells. Methods The cell viability of CAL-62 and BTH-101 with treatment of BER for different hours was measured by CCK-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was assessed by clone formation assay and flow cytometric analysis. The protein levels of apoptosis protein, autophagy-related proteins and PI3K/AKT/mTORpathway were determined Using Western blot. Autophagy in cells was observed with GFP-LC3 plasmid using confocal fluorescent microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to detect intracellular ROS. Results The present results showed that BER significantly inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in ATC cells. BER treatment also significantly upregulated the expression of LC3B-II and increased the number of GFP-LC3 puncta in ATC cells. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) suppressed BER-induced autophagic cell death. Moreover, BER induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mechanistically, we demonstrated that BER regulated the autophagy and apoptosis of human ATC cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Furthermore, BER and DOX cooperated to promote apoptosis and autophagy in ATC cells. Conclusion Taken together, the present findings indicated that BER induces apoptosis and autophagic cell death by activating ROS and regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhe Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhung, 050017, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 4th Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhung, 050017, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhung, 050017, People’s Republic of China
| | - Su-Wen Su
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhung, 050017, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Zhao Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 4th Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhung, 050017, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Bhagya N, Chandrashekar KR. Liposome encapsulated anticancer drugs on autophagy in cancer cells - current and future perspective. Int J Pharm 2023:123105. [PMID: 37279869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy act as a double-edged sword in cancer with both tumor promoting and inhibiting roles. Under normal conditions of autophagy, the damaged cell organelles and other debris degrade inside the lysosome to provide energy and macromolecular precursors. However, enhanced autophagy can lead to apoptosis and programmed cell death highlighting its significance in cancer therapy. Liposome-based drug delivery systems for treating cancer patients have significant advantages over their non-formulated or free drug counterparts which could be effectively used to manipulate autophagy pathway in cancer patients. In the current review, drug uptake by the cells and its role in autophagy-mediated cancer cell death are discussed. Besides, the challenges and translational difficulties associated with the use of liposome-based chemotherapeutic drugs in clinical trials and in biomedical applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bhagya
- Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India.
| | - K R Chandrashekar
- Yenepoya Pharmacy and Ayush Research Centre (YEN PARC), Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
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16
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Tayama Y, Mizukami S, Toume K, Komatsu K, Yanagi T, Nara T, Tieu P, Huy NT, Hamano S, Hirayama K. Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of Coptis rhizome extract and its constituents. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:12. [PMID: 36859380 PMCID: PMC9976467 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current therapeutic agents, including nifurtimox and benznidazole, are not sufficiently effective in the chronic phase of Trypanosoma cruzi infection and are accompanied by various side effects. In this study, 120 kinds of extracts from medicinal herbs used for Kampo formulations and 94 kinds of compounds isolated from medicinal herbs for Kampo formulations were screened for anti-T. cruzi activity in vitro and in vivo. METHODS As an experimental method, a recombinant protozoan cloned strain expressing luciferase, namely Luc2-Tulahuen, was used in the experiments. The in vitro anti-T. cruzi activity on epimastigote, trypomastigote, and amastigote forms was assessed by measuring luminescence intensity after treatment with the Kampo extracts or compounds. In addition, the cytotoxicity of compounds was tested using mouse and human feeder cell lines. The in vivo anti-T. cruzi activity was measured by a murine acute infection model using intraperitoneal injection of trypomastigotes followed by live bioluminescence imaging. RESULTS As a result, three protoberberine-type alkaloids, namely coptisine chloride, dehydrocorydaline nitrate, and palmatine chloride, showed strong anti-T. cruzi activities with low cytotoxicity. The IC50 values of these compounds differed depending on the side chain, and the most effective compound, coptisine chloride, showed a significant effect in the acute infection model. CONCLUSIONS For these reasons, coptisine chloride is a hit compound that can be a potential candidate for anti-Chagas disease drugs. In addition, it was expected that there would be room for further improvement by modifying the side chains of the basic skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tayama
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Shusaku Mizukami
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Immune Regulation, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273School of Tropical Medicines and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273The Joint Usage/Research Center On Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XSection of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XSection of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yanagi
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273NEKKEN Bio-Resource Center (NBRC), Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273The Joint Usage/Research Center On Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Takeshi Nara
- grid.411789.20000 0004 0371 1051Faculty of Pharmacy, Iryo Sosei University, Iwaki, Fukushima Japan
| | - Paul Tieu
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada ,Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273School of Tropical Medicines and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hamano
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273The Joint Usage/Research Center On Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,School of Tropical Medicines and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,The Joint Usage/Research Center On Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
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17
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Chen JF, Wu SW, Shi ZM, Hu B. Traditional Chinese medicine for colorectal cancer treatment: potential targets and mechanisms of action. Chin Med 2023; 18:14. [PMID: 36782251 PMCID: PMC9923939 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with complex pathogenesis, it is prone to metastasis, and its development involves abnormalities in multiple signaling pathways. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, target therapy, and immunotherapy remain the main treatments for CRC, but improvement in the overall survival rate and quality of life is urgently needed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of preventing and treating CRC. It could affect CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, invasion, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance by regulating multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptors, p53, TGF-β, mTOR, Hedgehog, and immunomodulatory signaling pathways. In this paper, the main signaling pathways and potential targets of TCM and its active ingredients in the treatment of CRC were systematically summarized, providing a theoretical basis for treating CRC with TCM and new ideas for further exploring the pathogenesis of CRC and developing new anti-CRC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fang Chen
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Wei Wu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Man Shi
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Liu XM, Li Z, Xie XR, Wang JQ, Qiao X, Qiao X, Xie CZ, Xu JY. Combination of DNA Damage, Autophagy, and ERK Inhibition: Novel Evodiamine-Inspired Multi-Action Pt(IV) Prodrugs with High-Efficiency and Low-Toxicity Antitumor Activity. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1852-1872. [PMID: 36715603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Exploring multi-targeting chemotherapeutants with advantages over single-targeting agents and drug combinations is of great significance in drug discovery. Herein, we employed phytogenic evodiamine (EVO) and conventional Pt(II) drugs to design and synthesize multi-target EVO-Pt(IV) anticancer prodrugs (4-14). Among them, compound 10 exhibited a 118-fold enhancement in the IC50 value compared to cisplatin and low toxicity to normal cells. Further studies proved that 10 significantly enhanced intracellular Pt accumulation and DNA damage, perturbed mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited cell migration and invasion, upregulated reactive oxygen species levels, and induced apoptosis and autophagic cell death. Molecular docking assay revealed that 10 fits perfectly into the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)-1 pocket, which was verified to produce profound ERK suppression. Most strikingly, compound 10 exhibited superior in vivo antitumor efficiency and effectively attenuated systemic toxicity. Our results emphasize that functionalizing platinum drugs with the multi-target EVO could generate synergistically excellent anticancer activity with low toxicity and decreased resistance, which may represent a brand-new cancer therapy modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Meng Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xin-Ru Xie
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jia-Qian Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Xie
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Xu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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19
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Akl MG, Widenmaier SB. Immunometabolic factors contributing to obesity-linked hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1089124. [PMID: 36712976 PMCID: PMC9877434 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1089124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major public health concern that is promoted by obesity and associated liver complications. Onset and progression of HCC in obesity is a multifactorial process involving complex interactions between the metabolic and immune system, in which chronic liver damage resulting from metabolic and inflammatory insults trigger carcinogenesis-promoting gene mutations and tumor metabolism. Moreover, cell growth and proliferation of the cancerous cell, after initiation, requires interactions between various immunological and metabolic pathways that provide stress defense of the cancer cell as well as strategic cell death escape mechanisms. The heterogenic nature of HCC in addition to the various metabolic risk factors underlying HCC development have led researchers to focus on examining metabolic pathways that may contribute to HCC development. In obesity-linked HCC, oncogene-induced modifications and metabolic pathways have been identified to support anabolic demands of the growing HCC cells and combat the concomitant cell stress, coinciding with altered utilization of signaling pathways and metabolic fuels involved in glucose metabolism, macromolecule synthesis, stress defense, and redox homeostasis. In this review, we discuss metabolic insults that can underlie the transition from steatosis to steatohepatitis and from steatohepatitis to HCC as well as aberrantly regulated immunometabolic pathways that enable cancer cells to survive and proliferate in the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss therapeutic modalities targeted at HCC prevention and regression. A full understanding of HCC-associated immunometabolic changes in obesity may contribute to clinical treatments that effectively target cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- May G. Akl
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,Department of Physiology, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Scott B. Widenmaier
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,*Correspondence: Scott B. Widenmaier,
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20
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Paskeh MDA, Ghadyani F, Hashemi M, Abbaspour A, Zabolian A, Javanshir S, Razzazan M, Mirzaei S, Entezari M, Goharrizi MASB, Salimimoghadam S, Aref AR, Kalbasi A, Rajabi R, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Sethi G. Biological impact and therapeutic perspective of targeting PI3K/Akt signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma: Promises and Challenges. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106553. [PMID: 36400343 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer progression results from activation of various signaling networks. Among these, PI3K/Akt signaling contributes to proliferation, invasion, and inhibition of apoptosis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer with high incidence rate, especially in regions with high prevalence of viral hepatitis infection. Autoimmune disorders, diabetes mellitus, obesity, alcohol consumption, and inflammation can also lead to initiation and development of HCC. The treatment of HCC depends on the identification of oncogenic factors that lead tumor cells to develop resistance to therapy. The present review article focuses on the role of PI3K/Akt signaling in HCC progression. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling promotes glucose uptake, favors glycolysis and increases tumor cell proliferation. It inhibits both apoptosis and autophagy while promoting HCC cell survival. PI3K/Akt stimulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increases matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) expression during HCC metastasis. In addition to increasing colony formation capacity and facilitating the spread of tumor cells, PI3K/Akt signaling stimulates angiogenesis. Therefore, silencing PI3K/Akt signaling prevents aggressive HCC cell behavior. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling can confer drug resistance, particularly to sorafenib, and decreases the radio-sensitivity of HCC cells. Anti-cancer agents, like phytochemicals and small molecules can suppress PI3K/Akt signaling by limiting HCC progression. Being upregulated in tumor tissues and clinical samples, PI3K/Akt can also be used as a biomarker to predict patients' response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghadyani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Abbaspour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center,Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Resident of department of Orthopedics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Javanshir
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Razzazan
- Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. 6, Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
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21
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Xie FL, Wang Y, Zhu JW, Xu HH, Guo QF, Wu Y, Liu SH. Anticancer mechanism studies of iridium(III) complexes inhibiting osteosarcoma HOS cells proliferation. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 237:112011. [PMID: 36252336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Three iridium (III) polypyridine complexes [Ir(bzq)2(maip)](PF6) (Ir1,bzq = benzo[h]quinoline, maip = 3-aminophenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline), [Ir(bzq)2(apip)](PF6) (Ir2, apip = 2-aminophenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) and [Ir(bzq)2(paip)](PF6) (Ir3, paip = 4-aminophenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized. The cytotoxic activities of the three complexes against human osteosarcoma HOS, U2OS, MG63 and normal LO2 cells were evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. The results showed that Ir1-3 exhibited moderate antitumor activity against HOS with IC50 of 21.8 ± 0. 4 μM,10.5 ± 1.8 μM and 7.4 ± 0.4 μM, respectively. We found that Ir1-3 can effectively inhibit HOS cells growth and blocked the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Further studies revealed that complexes can increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+, which accompanied by mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway. In addition, autophagy was also investigated. Taken together, the complexes induce HOS apoptosis through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway and inhibition of the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)/AKT (protein kinase B)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway. This study provides useful help for understanding the anticancer mechanism of iridium (III) complexes toward osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Li Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China
| | - Jian-Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China
| | - Hui-Hua Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China
| | - Qi-Feng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China.
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China.
| | - Si-Hong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, PR China.
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Niu B, Wei S, Sun J, Zhao H, Wang B, Chen G. Deciphering the molecular mechanism of tetrandrine in inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma and increasing sorafenib sensitivity by combining network pharmacology and experimental evaluation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:75-86. [PMID: 34962429 PMCID: PMC8725900 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2017468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The mechanism of tetrandrine (TET) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and sorafenib (Sora) chemosensitivity deserves investigation. OBJECTIVE Using network pharmacology approaches to elucidate the mechanisms of TET in HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays were used to measure cell phenotypes. BALB/c nude mice were divided into Control, Sora (10 mg/kg), TET (50 mg/kg), and TET + Sora (10 mg/kg Sora plus 50 mg/kg TET) groups to evaluate the antitumor effects of TET for 21 days. Sora and TET were given by intraperitoneal injection or oral gavage. RESULTS For SMMC7721 (IC50 = 22.5 μM) and PLC8024 (IC50 = 18.4 μM), TET (10, 20 μM) reduced colony number (0.68 ± 0.04- and 0.50 ± 0.04-fold, 0.56 ± 0.04- and 0.42 ± 0.02-fold), induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 stage (1.22 ± 0.03- and 1.39 ± 0.07-fold, 1.37 ± 0.06- and 1.55 ± 0.05-fold), promoted apoptosis (2.49 ± 0.26- and 3.63 ± 0.33-fold, 2.74 ± 0.42- and 3.73 ± 0.61-fold), and inactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling. Sora (10 μM) decreased cell proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, and inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling, and these effects were further aggravated in the combination group. Activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR reversed the effects of TET on cell proliferation and Sora sensitivity. In the combination group, tumour volumes and weights were decreased to 202.3 ± 17.4 mm3 and 151.5 ± 25.8 mg compared with Sora (510.6 ± 48.2 mm3 and 396.7 ± 33.5 mg). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS TET enhances Sora sensitivity by inactivating PI3K/AKT/mTOR, suggesting the potential of TET as a chemosensitizer in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sidong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huibo Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoyong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Panigrahi DP, Patra S, Behera BP, Behera PK, Patil S, Patro BS, Rout L, Sarangi I, Bhutia SK. MTP18 inhibition triggers mitochondrial hyperfusion to induce apoptosis through ROS-mediated lysosomal membrane permeabilization-dependent pathway in oral cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:307-319. [PMID: 35985563 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although stress-induced mitochondrial hyperfusion (SIMH) exerts a protective role in aiding cell survival, in the absence of mitochondrial fission, SIMH drives oxidative stress-related induction of apoptosis. In this study, our data showed that MTP18, a mitochondrial fission-promoting protein expression, was increased in oral cancer. We have screened and identified S28, a novel inhibitor of MTP18, which was found to induce SIMH and subsequently trigger apoptosis. Interestingly, it inhibited MTP18-mediated mitochondrial fission, as shown by a decrease in p-Drp1 along with increased Mfn1 expression in oral cancer cells. Moreover, S28 induced autophagy but not mitophagy due to the trouble in engulfment of hypoperfused mitochondria. Interestingly, S28-mediated SIMH resulted in the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the consequent generation of mitochondrial superoxide to induce intrinsic apoptosis. Mechanistically, S28-induced mitochondrial superoxide caused lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), resulting in decreased lysosomal pH, which impaired autophagosome-lysosome fusion. In this setting, it showed that overexpression of MTP18 resulted in mitochondrial fission leading to mitophagy and inhibition of superoxide-mediated LMP and apoptosis. Further, S28, in combination with FDA-approved anticancer drugs, exhibited higher apoptotic activity and decreased cell viability, suggesting the MTP18 inhibition combined with the anticancer drug could have greater efficacy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasna Pritimanjari Panigrahi
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundargarh, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundargarh, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Behera
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundargarh, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Pradyota Kumar Behera
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, India
| | | | - Laxmidhar Rout
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India.
| | - Itisam Sarangi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundargarh, 769008, Odisha, India.
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24
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Effects of Berberine on Liver Cancer. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221102032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer, otherwise known as hepatocellular carcinoma, is a chronic disease condition with an excessive deposition and growth of malignant cells in the body. The high incidence and prevalence rates of liver cancer continue to be problems, as well as its poor prognosis and therapeutic limitations involving severe drug adverse reactions linked to the use of synthetic chemotherapeutic compounds. Continuous experimental studies, as well as utilization of pure herbal-based compounds, are essential towards finding more potent cures for liver cancer. Natural bioactive compounds, particularly alkaloids (eg, berberine), have been shown to be highly beneficial in the treatment of various diseases. Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is obtained from stem, bark, roots, rhizomes, and leaves of several medicinal plants, including Berberis species. It is commonly synthesized from the benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline system with the incorporation of an additional carbon atom as a bridge. The multiple attributes of BBR involving effective inhibitory and cytotoxic actions against the proliferation of cancer cells have been demonstrated. The use of BBR in experimental studies (in vivo and in vitro) for over a decade for liver cancer treatment has proven to be highly effective, safe, and potent. Until now, the poor solubility of BBR remains one of the contributing factors leading to its minimal clinical bioavailability. Therefore, BBR could serve as a prospective drug candidate in the future towards drug formulation for liver cancer treatment. The relevant information regarding this review was obtained electronically through the use of databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, Hindawi, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All the aforementioned databases were searched from 1981 to 2020. This literature represents an update of previous review papers discussing the various positive pharmacological and mechanistic effects (oxidative stress regulation, inflammation reduction, apoptosis activation, overcoming drug resistance, and metastasis inhibition) of BBR for liver cancer treatment, which would be of great significance to drug development and clinical research.
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25
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Han J, Zhang X, Xia L, Liao O, Li Q. S-ketamine promotes autophagy and alleviates neuropathic pain by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Wang Y, Yuan Y, Wang C, Wang B, Zou W, Zhang N, Chen X. Theabrownins Produced via Chemical Oxidation of Tea Polyphenols Inhibit Human Lung Cancer Cells in vivo and in vitro by Suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway Activation and Promoting Autophagy. Front Nutr 2022; 9:858261. [PMID: 35529455 PMCID: PMC9070389 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.858261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During the fermentation of dark tea, theabrownins (TBs), carbohydrates, and other substances get irreversibly complex. Recent research on the biological activity of TBs is not based on free TBs. In the present study, some brown polyphenol oxidized polymers, the generalized TBs (TBs-C), were prepared via alkali oxidation from tea polyphenols (TP). We also investigated the inhibitory mechanism of TBs-C on non-small-cell-lung cancer (NSCLC). TBs-C demonstrated a stronger inhibition than TP on the NSCLC cell lines A549, H2030, HCC827, H1975, and PC9. Next, A549 and H2030 cell lines were selected as subjects to explore this mechanism. TBs-C was found to inhibit proliferation, promote apoptosis, and induce G1 cell-cycle arrest in the cells. In addition, TBs-C increased autophagic flux, which in turn promoted the death of lung cancer cells. Moreover, TBs-C suppressed the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation, promoted autophagy, and increased the expression of p21 downstream of AKT, which resulted in G1 cell-cycle arrest. In xenotransplanted NSCLC nude mice derived from A549 cells, TBs-C could significantly suppress tumor growth by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway without causing hepatotoxicity, brain toxicity, or nephrotoxicity. We believe that our present findings would facilitate advancement in the research and industrialization of TBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Yuan
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Chunpeng Wang
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ni Zhang,
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Chen,
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Bai Z, Peng Y, Ye X, Liu Z, Li Y, Ma L. Autophagy and cancer treatment: four functional forms of autophagy and their therapeutic applications. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:89-101. [PMID: 35187884 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Drugs play a pivotal role in cancer treatment, but the complex biological processes of cancer cells seriously limit the efficacy of various anticancer drugs. Autophagy, a self-degradative system that maintains cellular homeostasis, universally operates under normal and stress conditions in cancer cells. The roles of autophagy in cancer treatment are still controversial because both stimulation and inhibition of autophagy have been reported to enhance the effects of anticancer drugs. Thus, the important question arises as to whether we should try to strengthen or suppress autophagy during cancer therapy. Currently, autophagy can be divided into four main forms according to its different functions during cancer treatment: cytoprotective (cell survival), cytotoxic (cell death), cytostatic (growth arrest), and nonprotective (no contribution to cell death or survival). In addition, various cell death modes, such as apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis, senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, all contribute to the anticancer effects of drugs. The interaction between autophagy and these cell death modes is complex and can lead to anticancer drugs having different or even completely opposite effects on treatment. Therefore, it is important to understand the underlying contexts in which autophagy inhibition or activation will be beneficial or detrimental. That is, appropriate therapeutic strategies should be adopted in light of the different functions of autophagy. This review provides an overview of recent insights into the evolving relationship between autophagy and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoshi Bai
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yaling Peng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xinyue Ye
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhixian Liu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yupeng Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lingman Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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28
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He L, Zhong Z, Chen M, Liang Q, Wang Y, Tan W. Current Advances in Coptidis Rhizoma for Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:775084. [PMID: 35046810 PMCID: PMC8762280 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.775084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a serious disease with an increasing number of reported cases and high mortality worldwide. Gastrointestinal cancer defines a group of cancers in the digestive system, e.g., liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer. Coptidis Rhizoma (C. Rhizoma; Huanglian, in Chinese) is a classical Chinese medicinal botanical drug for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and has been shown to have a wide variety of pharmacological activity, including antifungal, antivirus, anticancer, antidiabetic, hypoglycemic, and cardioprotective effects. Recent studies on C. Rhizoma present significant progress on its anticancer effects and the corresponding mechanisms as well as its clinical applications. Herein, keywords related to C. Rhizoma, cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, and omics were searched in PubMed and the Web of Science databases, and more than three hundred recent publications were reviewed and discussed. C. Rhizoma extract along with its main components, berberine, palmatine, coptisine, magnoflorine, jatrorrhizine, epiberberine, oxyepiberberine, oxyberberine, dihydroberberine, columbamine, limonin, and derivatives, are reviewed. We describe novel and classic anticancer mechanisms from various perspectives of pharmacology, pharmaceutical chemistry, and pharmaceutics. Researchers have transformed the chemical structures and drug delivery systems of these components to obtain better efficacy and bioavailability of C. Rhizoma. Furthermore, C. Rhizoma in combination with other drugs and their clinical application are also summarized. Taken together, C. Rhizoma has broad prospects as a potential adjuvant candidate against cancers, making it reasonable to conduct additional preclinical studies and clinical trials in gastrointestinal cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangfeng Zhong, ; Yitao Wang, ; Wen Tan,
| | - Man Chen
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qilian Liang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangfeng Zhong, ; Yitao Wang, ; Wen Tan,
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangfeng Zhong, ; Yitao Wang, ; Wen Tan,
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Zhao G, Qi L, Wang Y, Li X, Li Q, Tang X, Wang X, Wu C. Antagonizing effects of curcumin against mercury-induced autophagic death and trace elements disorder by regulating PI3K/AKT and Nrf2 pathway in the spleen. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112529. [PMID: 34293585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is a naturally occurring element and highly toxic to humans even at a low dosage. Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric (Curcuma longa), widely used as a treatment strategy to improve antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential protective mechanisms of curcumin in spleen damage induced by HgCl2. The mice were given curcumin by intragastric administration 2 h before HgCl2 injection for 24 h. At first, splenic transcriptome analysis showed that 3334 genes (2134 up and 1200 down) were differently expressed in HgCl2-induced spleen damage model. Notably, KEGG enrichment showed phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT might be a key signaling pathways in HgCl2-induced spleen damage. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that HgCl2 could induce autophagic cell death, evidenced by increases the protein expression of PI3K, AKT, LC3-II and p62 and the number of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, we found that curcumin significantly combated autophagic cell death, sodium overload and calcium leak induced by HgCl2. Simultaneously, further studies demonstrated that curcumin significantly activated nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, and subsequent enhancing antioxidant defenses. Taken together, our data indicated that inorganic mercury could result in autophagic cell death, which may be related to the regulation of PI3K-AKT signaling cascades. Furthermore, Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defenses may be the target of curcumin to confers an adaptive survival response to resist spleen damage induced by HgCl2. The present study perfects the mechanism theory of HgCl2-induced spleen damage and provides a way for pharmacological intervention to prevent spleen injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Zhao
- Department of Core Medical Laboratory, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, PR China
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Core Medical Laboratory, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, PR China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Xinlian Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Xiali Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Chunling Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China.
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The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Zhibaidihuang Decoction on Recurrent Oral Ulcer with Sirt1 as the Key Regulatory Target. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8886699. [PMID: 34007301 PMCID: PMC8110403 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8886699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The syndrome of ROU is generally manifested as obvious pain, redness, and swelling of local ulceration area, accompanied by flushed face, red eyes, sore throat, and swollen gums. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctors believe that "yin deficiency" is one causative factor of ROU. Zhibaidihuang decoction (ZBDHD) is a prescriptively developed receipt, where Anemarrhena asphodeloides and Phellodendri amurensis Cortex are added in the original Liuweidihuang decoction. It is generally used for "yin deficiency" treatment. It can effectively reduce the recurrence of oral ulcers and release the severity of the disease. However, the mechanism of this activity remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that ZBDHD has a certain therapeutic effect on the pathological changes of oral mucosa. Furthermore, the results of serum metabolomics showed ZBDHD influenced the synthesis and metabolism of certain fatty acids. The results of western blot, immunochemical, and immunofluorescence staining indicate that ZBDHD could increase the expression of Sirt1 and Foxp3 and suppress the expression and acetylation of NF-κB in oral mucosa cells. By screening active ingredients in ZBDHD, we found berberine, as well as other compounds, presenting high fitness of the Sirt1 reactive centre. Therefore, it is possible that ZBDHD can regulate the Sirt1-NF-κB pathway to improve fatty acids metabolism in the body, thereby achieving the effect of treating ROU.
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Lee S, Jeong Y, Roe JS, Huh H, Paik SH, Song J. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by callyspongiolide promotes autophagy-dependent cell death. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 33792534 PMCID: PMC8093938 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.4.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Callyspongiolide is a marine macrolide known to induce caspase-independent cancer cell death. While its toxic effects have been known, the mechanism leading to cell death is yet to be identified. We report that Callyspongiolide R form at C-21 (cally2R) causes mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting mitochondrial complex I or II, leading to a disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and a deprivation of cellular energy. Subsequently, we observed, using electron microscopy, a drastic formation of autophagosome and mitophagy. Supporting these data, LC3, an autophagosome marker, was shown to co-localize with LAMP2, a lysosomal protein, showing autolysosome formation. RNA sequencing results indicated the induction of hypoxia and blocking of EGF-dependent pathways, which could be caused by induction of autophagy. Furthermore, mTOR and AKT pathways preventing autophagy were repressed while AMPK was upregulated, supporting autophagosome progress. Finally, the combination of cally2R with known anti-cancer drugs, such as gefitinib, sorafenib, and rapamycin, led to synergistic cell death, implicating potential therapeutic applications of callyspongiolide for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohyun Lee
- pH Pharma Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | | | - Jae-Seok Roe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | | | | | - Jaewhan Song
- pH Pharma Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Betulinic Acid Restricts Human Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro by Inducing Caspase-Dependent Cell Death and Cell Cycle Arrest, and Decreasing Metastatic Potential. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051381. [PMID: 33806566 PMCID: PMC7961550 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid and generally found in the bark of birch trees (Betula sp.). Although several studies have been reported that BA has diverse biological activities, including anti-tumor effects, the underlying anti-cancer mechanism in bladder cancer cells is still lacking. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the anti-proliferative effect of BA in human bladder cancer cell lines T-24, UMUC-3, and 5637, and identify the underlying mechanism. Our results showed that BA induced cell death in bladder cancer cells and that are accompanied by apoptosis, necrosis, and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, BA decreased the expression of cell cycle regulators, such as cyclin B1, cyclin A, cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 2, cell division cycle (Cdc) 2, and Cdc25c. In addition, BA-induced apoptosis was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction that is caused by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, which led to the activation of mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathway. BA up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2-accociated X protein (Bax) and cleaved poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), and subsequently activated caspase-3, -8, and -9. However, pre-treatment of pan-caspase inhibitor markedly suppressed BA-induced apoptosis. Meanwhile, BA did not affect the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicating BA-mediated apoptosis was ROS-independent. Furthermore, we found that BA suppressed the wound healing and invasion ability, and decreased the expression of Snail and Slug in T24 and 5637 cells, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in UMUC-3 cells. Taken together, this is the first study showing that BA suppresses the proliferation of human bladder cancer cells, which is due to induction of apoptosis, necrosis, and cell cycle arrest, and decrease of migration and invasion. Furthermore, BA-induced apoptosis is regulated by caspase-dependent and ROS-independent pathways, and these results provide the underlying anti-proliferative molecular mechanism of BA in human bladder cancer cells.
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