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Si Y, Liu L, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhao T, Liu S, Sun X, Cheng J, Lu H. Magnesium hydride protects against acetaminophen-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting TXNIP/NLRP3/nf-κb pathway. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2330629. [PMID: 38494199 PMCID: PMC10946266 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2330629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute kidney injury (APAP-AKI) has turned into one of reasons for clinic obtained renal insufficiency. Magnesium hydride (MgH2), as a solid-state hydrogen source, might be potentially applied in clinical practice. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effect of MgH2 against APAP-AKI. The results showed that MgH2 improved renal function and histological injury in mice of APAP-AKI. MgH2 also had protective effects on APAP-induced cytotoxicity in HK-2 cells. In addition, the increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expressions of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and pro-apoptotic factors (Bad, Bax, Caspase3, and CytC) induced by APAP were downregulated with MgH2 treatment. Furthermore, the expressions of molecules related to TXNIP/NLRP3/NF-κB pathway (TXNIP, NLRP3, NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65) in renal tissues and HK-2 cells were enhanced by APAP overdose, which were reduced by MgH2 administration. Collectively, this study indicated that MgH2 protects against APAP-AKI by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via inhibition of TXNIP/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Si
- Department of Internal Medicine, No. 944 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Jiuquan, China
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Liu
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Internal Medicine III (Nephrology and Endocrinology), Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongtao Lu
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Wang M, Guo Z, Du J, Lu H, Liu L, Wang T, Pan S. Assessing the hepatotoxicity of phosphogypsum leachate in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:172018. [PMID: 38547988 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The improper disposal of large amounts of phosphogypsum generated during the production process of the phosphorus chemical industry (PCI) still exists. The leachate formed by phosphogypsum stockpiles could pose a threat to the ecological environment and human health. Nevertheless, information regarding the harmful effects of phosphogypsum leachate on organisms is still limited. Herein, the physicochemical characteristics of phosphogypsum leachate were analyzed, and its toxicity effect on zebrafish (Danio rerio), particularly in terms of hepatotoxicity and potential mechanisms, were evaluated. The results indicated that P, NH3-N, TN, F-, As, Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, and Hg of phosphogypsum leachate exceeded the V class of surface water environmental quality standards (GB 3838-2002) to varying degrees. Acute toxicity test showed that the 96 h LC50 values of phosphogypsum leachate to zebrafish was 2.08 %. Under exposure to phosphogypsum leachate, zebrafish exhibited concentration-dependent liver damage, characterized by vacuolization and infiltration of inflammatory cells. The increased in Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and altered activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver indicated the induction of oxidative stress and oxidative damage. The expression of apoptosis-related genes (P53, PUMA, Caspase3, Bcl-2, and Bax) were up-regulated at low dosage group and down-regulated at medium and high dosage groups, suggesting the occurrence of hepatocyte apoptosis or necrosis. Additionally, phosphogypsum leachate influenced the composition of the zebrafish gut microbiota by reducing the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Aeromonas, Flavobacterium, Vibrio, and increasing that of Rhodobacter and Pirellula. Correlation analysis revealed that gut microbiota dysbiosis was associated with phosphogypsum leachate-induced hepatotoxicity. Altogether, exposure to phosphogypsum leachate caused liver damage in zebrafish, likely through oxidative stress and apoptosis, with the intestinal flora also playing a significant role. These findings contribute to understanding the ecological toxicity of phosphogypsum leachate and promote the sustainable development of PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Ziyu Guo
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Hongliang Lu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Long Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Institution of Higher Learning of Guizhou, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Institution of Higher Learning of Guizhou, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Sha Pan
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, China.
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Zhao W, Liu J, Wang S, Tao Q, Lei Q, Huang C. Varespladib mitigates acute liver injury via suppression of excessive mitophagy on Naja atra envenomed mice by inhibiting PLA 2. Toxicon 2024; 242:107694. [PMID: 38556061 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Snakebite envenomation often leads to severe visceral injuries, including acute liver injury (ALI). However, the toxicity mechanism remains unclear. Moreover, varespladib can directly inhibit phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in snake venom, but its protective effect on snakebite-induced ALI and the mechanism have not been clarified. Previous studies have shown that snake venom PLA2 leads to neuron cell death via reactive oxygen species (ROS), one of the initial factors related to the mitophagy pathway. The present study group also found that ROS accumulation occurred after Naja atra envenoming. Hematoxylin and eosin (H/E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to identify the expression of inflammatory factors in the liver tissue, and flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to detect ROS levels and mitochondrial function. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were also used for detecting mitophagy pathway-related proteins. The results showed that N. atra bite induced ALI by activating mitophagy and inducing inflammation and that varespladib had a protective effect. Collectively, these results showed the pathological mechanism of ALI caused by N. atra bite and revealed the protective effect of varespladib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Sidan Wang
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qinqin Tao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qiongqiong Lei
- School of Nursing, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Chunhong Huang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Chen P, Zhao N, Wang R, Chen G, Hu Y, Dou Z, Ban C. Hepatotoxicity and lipid metabolism disorders of 8:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphate diester in zebrafish: In vivo and in silico evidence. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:133807. [PMID: 38412642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
8:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphate diester (8:2 diPAP) has been shown to accumulate in the liver, but whether it induces hepatotoxicity and lipid metabolism disorders remains largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 8:2 diPAP for 7 d. Hepatocellular hypertrophy and karyolysis were noted after exposure to 0.5 ng/L 8:2 diPAP, suggesting suppressed liver development. Compared to the water control, 8:2 diPAP led to significantly higher triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, but markedly lower levels of low-density lipoprotein, implying disturbed lipid homeostasis. The levels of two peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) subtypes (pparα and pparγ) involved in hepatotoxicity and lipid metabolism were significantly upregulated by 8:2 diPAP, consistent with their overexpression as determined by immunohistochemistry. In silico results showed that 8:2 diPAP formed hydrogen bonds with PPARα and PPARγ. Among seven machine learning models, Adaptive Boosting performed the best in predicting the binding affinities of PPARα and PPARγ on the test set. The predicted binding affinity of 8:2 diPAP to PPARα (7.12) was higher than that to PPARγ (6.97) by Adaptive Boosting, which matched well with the experimental results. Our results revealed PPAR - mediated adverse effects of 8:2 diPAP on the liver and lipid metabolism of zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China.
| | - Na Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Ruihan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Geng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuxi Hu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Zhichao Dou
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Chenglong Ban
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
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Toniutto P, Shalaby S, Mameli L, Morisco F, Gambato M, Cossiga V, Guarino M, Marra F, Brunetto MR, Burra P, Villa E. Role of sex in liver tumor occurrence and clinical outcomes: A comprehensive review. Hepatology 2024; 79:1141-1157. [PMID: 37013373 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical research on sex-based differences in the manifestations, pathophysiology, and prevalence of several diseases, including those affecting the liver, has expanded considerably in recent years. Increasing evidence suggests that liver diseases develop, progress, and respond to treatment differently depending on the sex. These observations support the concept that the liver is a sexually dimorphic organ in which estrogen and androgen receptors are present, which results in disparities between men and women in liver gene expression patterns, immune responses, and the progression of liver damage, including the propensity to develop liver malignancies. Sex hormones play protective or deleterious roles depending on the patient's sex, the severity of the underlying disease, and the nature of precipitating factors. Moreover, obesity, alcohol consumption, and active smoking, as well as social determinants of liver diseases leading to sex-related inequalities, may interact strongly with hormone-related mechanisms of liver damage. Drug-induced liver injury, viral hepatitis, and metabolic liver diseases are influenced by the status of sex hormones. Available data on the roles of sex hormones and gender differences in liver tumor occurrence and clinical outcomes are conflicting. Here, we critically review the main gender-based differences in the molecular mechanisms associated with liver carcinogenesis and the prevalence, prognosis, and treatment of primary and metastatic liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Toniutto
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Sarah Shalaby
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Mameli
- Liver and Pancreas Transplant Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu Piazzale Ricchi 1, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Filomena Morisco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Martina Gambato
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Cossiga
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Guarino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Marra
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Burra
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Erica Villa
- Gastroenterology Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Patz-Sobczak C, Young J, Bunton D, Kuklinski C, Estabrook M. A novel approach to reducing hepatotoxicity related to fungal prophylaxis in pediatric lung transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14740. [PMID: 38616325 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric lung transplant patients are at risk for developing invasive fungal infections post-transplant. No consensus exists on optimal antifungal regimens and voriconazole, a common first-line agent, has been shown to cause hepatotoxicity. We describe a single-center experience utilizing a novel antifungal regimen of intravenous micafungin and nebulized amphotericin B immediately post-transplant with conversion to an azole at the time of hospital discharge and compare it to a historical cohort of patients who received voriconazole monotherapy throughout their immediate post-operative course. METHODS This is a retrospective review of patients in the age 0-18 who received a lung transplant from June 2016-May 2021. Data points collected included: demographic data, transplant date and discharge date, Aspergillus colonization, type of lung transplant, hospitalization and level of care information, induction and antifungal medication regimen; AST, ALT, GGT, bilirubin, and direct bilirubin at various timepoints; and respiratory and blood culture results. The two patient groups were compared by assessment of changes in LFTs and culture results. RESULTS Forty-two patients were included in the analysis, with 24 patients receiving micafungin and nebulized amphotericin and 18 patients receiving voriconazole. All patients in both groups experienced a post-operative elevation in at least one transaminase or bilirubin. More patients in the micafungin/amphotericin group had resolution of all abnormal LFTs by 1 month post-transplant (p = .036). Additionally, patients in the micafungin/amphotericin group experienced faster normalization of their LFTs compared with the voriconazole group (p < .001). Ten patients in the micafungin/amphotericin group and five patients in the voriconazole group were found to have fungal growth on culture post-transplant, but this difference was not found to be statistically significant (p = .507). CONCLUSIONS An antifungal regimen of micafungin and nebulized amphotericin B liposomal may be useful at decreasing the duration of elevated liver enzymes in pediatric patients in the immediate post-lung transplant period when compared with voriconazole monotherapy. Larger prospective studies looking at antifungal regimens in pediatric patients post-lung transplant are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Young
- Department of Pharmacy, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dawn Bunton
- Department of Pharmacy, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Cadence Kuklinski
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Division of Allergy and Pulmonary Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michele Estabrook
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Gao L, Zuo XL, Dong LL, Zhou SF, Wang ZJ, Duan YS, Chen MY, Zhu QX, Zhang JX. Hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA mediates macrophage immune response in liver injury induced by trichloroethylene. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 276:116317. [PMID: 38615641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
We have previously shown that excessive activation of macrophage proinflammatory activity plays a key role in TCE-induced immune liver injury, but the mechanism of polarization is unclear. Recent studies have shown that TLR9 activation plays an important regulatory role in macrophage polarization. In the present study, we demonstrated that elevated levels of oxidative stress in hepatocytes mediate the release of mtDNA into the bloodstream, leading to the activation of TLR9 in macrophages to regulate macrophage polarization. In vivo experiments revealed that pretreatment with SS-31, a mitochondria-targeting antioxidant peptide, reduced the level of oxidative stress in hepatocytes, leading to a decrease in mtDNA release. Importantly, SS-31 pretreatment inhibited TLR9 activation in macrophages, suggesting that hepatocyte mtDNA may activate TLR9 in macrophages. Further studies revealed that pharmacological inhibition of TLR9 by ODN2088 partially blocked macrophage activation, suggesting that the level of macrophage activation is dependent on TLR9 activation. In vitro experiments involving the extraction of mtDNA from TCE-sensitized mice treated with RAW264.7 cells further confirmed that hepatocyte mtDNA can activate TLR9 in mouse peritoneal macrophages, leading to macrophage polarization. In summary, our study comprehensively confirmed that TLR9 activation in macrophages is dependent on mtDNA released by elevated levels of oxidative stress in hepatocytes and that TLR9 activation in macrophages plays a key role in regulating macrophage polarization. These findings reveal the mechanism of macrophage activation in TCE-induced immune liver injury and provide new perspectives and therapeutic targets for the treatment of OMDT-induced immune liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xu-Lei Zuo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Luo-Lun Dong
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Si-Fan Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhou-Jian Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Duan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mu-Yue Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qi-Xing Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Jia-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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8
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Wu Z, Li H, Zhao W, Zheng M, Cheng J, Cao Z, Sun C. Kidney toxicity and transcriptome analyses of male ICR mice acutely exposed to the mushroom toxin α-amanitin. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 187:114622. [PMID: 38531469 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Amatoxins are responsible for most fatal mushroom poisoning cases, as it causes both hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. However, studies on amatoxin nephrotoxicity are limited. Here, we investigated nephrotoxicity over 4 days and nephrotoxicity/hepatotoxicity over 14 days in mice. The organ weight ratio, serological indices, and tissue histology results indicated that a nephrotoxicity mouse model was established with two stages: (1) no apparent effects within 24 h; and (2) the appearance of adverse effects, with gradual worsening within 2-14 days. For each stage, the kidney transcriptome revealed patterns of differential mRNA expression and significant pathway changes, and Western blot analysis verified the expression of key proteins. Amanitin-induced nephrotoxicity was directly related to RNA polymerase II because mRNA levels decreased, RNA polymerase II-related pathways were significantly enriched at the transcription level, and RNA polymerase II protein was degraded in the early poisoning stage. In the late stage, nephrotoxicity was more severe than hepatotoxicity. This is likely associated with inflammation because inflammation-related pathways were significantly enriched and NF-κB activation was increased in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wu
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Haijiao Li
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenjin Zhao
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Min Zheng
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhengjie Cao
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chengye Sun
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China.
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9
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Saleh AK, El-Mahdy NA, El-Masry TA, El-Kadem AH. Trifluoperazine mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in mice by modulating the AKT/mTOR-driven autophagy and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling cascades. Life Sci 2024; 344:122566. [PMID: 38499285 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of the antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine (TFP) against cyclophosphamide (CPA)-induced hepatic injury by exploring its effect on autophagy and the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. MAIN METHODS The hepatotoxicity of CPA was assessed by biochemical analysis of the serum hepatotoxicity markers (ALT, AST, and direct bilirubin), histopathological examination, and ultrastructure analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ELISA technique was used to assess the hepatic content of oxidative stress (MDA and SOD) and inflammatory markers (IL-1β and TNF-α). Immunohistochemical assessment was used to investigate the hepatic expression of NF-κB, Nrf2, caspase-3, as well as autophagy flux markers (p62 and LC3B). The mRNA expression of HO-1 was assessed using RT-qPCR. Western blot assay was used to determine the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR. KEY FINDINGS TFP improved CPA-induced hepatotoxicity by reducing the elevated hepatotoxicity markers, and alleviating the histopathological changes with improving ultrastructure alterations. It also reduced oxidative stress by reducing MDA content and upregulating SOD activity. In addition, it exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by decreasing NF-κB expression, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and caspase-3 expression. Furthermore, TFP-induced hepatoprotection was mediated by favoring Nrf2 expression and increasing the mRNA level of HO-1. As well, it improved autophagy by increasing LC3B expression concurrently with reducing p62 expression. Moreover, TFP modulated the AKT/mTOR pathway by reducing the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR. SIGNIFICANCE TFP significantly protected against CPA-induced hepatotoxicity by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling along with enhancement of protective autophagy via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Nageh A El-Mahdy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Aya H El-Kadem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
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Danilevicz CK, Pizzolato LS, Bianchi SE, Meirelles G, Bassani VL, Siqueira IR. Pharmacological evaluation of a traditional Brazilian medicinal plant, Monteverdia ilicifolia. Part I - Preclinical safety study. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 324:117806. [PMID: 38278373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Monteverdia ilicifolia (Maytenus ilicifolia, Celastraceae), known as "espinheira-santa", has been widely used in Brazil to manage mainly gastrointestinal diseases. This species has been listed in the Brazilian Pharmacopeia and in the National List of Essential Medicines (RENAME). Considering that clinical studies about M. ilicifolia are rare, our group has been performing a broader project designed to evaluate the efficacy of M. ilicifolia capsules in a clinical trial, for this reason, approaches to provide safety to those patients are relevant. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the potential pharmacokinetic interaction and hepatotoxicity and intestinal toxicity of an aqueous extract of M. ilicifolia and its main phytocompounds, catequin, epicatequin, and quercetin. METHODS AND MATERIALS Slices of liver and intestine of Wistar rats were incubated with different concentrations of M. ilicifolia extract or isolated compounds (catechin, epicatechin and quercetin). Commercial kits were used to evaluate enzyme activities of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 isoforms, as well as cell viability (MTT) assay and intracellular enzymes leakage, specifically lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were studied. RESULTS Incubation with M. ilicifolia extract, catechin, epicatechin and quercetin did not affect significantly any evaluated parameter in intestines. The intracellular enzymes leakages, CYP2D6, LDH and AST, were increased with M. ilicifolia extract and quercetin in liver slices. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro findings highlighted, for the first time, the potential hepatotoxicity induced by an aqueous extract of M. ilicifolia, consequently this species and its products should be avoided in liver diseases, supporting that studies of safety must be performed including in the context of traditional medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Krebs Danilevicz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Lolita Schneider Pizzolato
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Sara Elis Bianchi
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Meirelles
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Valquiria Linck Bassani
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Chen T, Jiang H, He Y, Shen Y, Huang Z, Gu Y, Wei Q, Zhao J, Chen X. Nanoplastics and chrysene pollution: Potential new triggers for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatitis, insights from juvenile Siniperca chuatsi. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:171125. [PMID: 38382600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Nanopolystyrene (NP) and chrysene (CHR) are ubiquitous contaminants in the natural environment; however, research on their hepatotoxicity and associated adverse effects remains relatively inadequate. The present study aimed to investigate the hepatotoxic effects of NP and/or CHR at environmentally relevant concentrations, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms, in juvenile Siniperca chuatsi (mandarin fish). After a 21-day exposure period, the livers of exposed S. chuatsi exhibited macrostructural and microstructural damage accompanied by oxidative stress. Importantly, our study provides the first evidence that NP exposure leads to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatitis in S. chuatsi. Similarly, CHR exposure has also been found, for the first time, to cause hepatic sinusoidal dilatation (HSD) and hepatitis. Exposure to the combination of NP and CHR alleviated the symptoms of NAFLD, HSD, and hepatitis. Furthermore, our comprehensive multi-omic analysis revealed that the pathogenesis of NP-induced NAFLD was mainly due to induction of the triglyceride synthesis pathway and inhibition of the very-low-density lipoprotein secretion process. CHR induced HSD primarily through a reduction in vasoprotective ability and smooth muscle contractility. Hepatitis was induced by activation of the JAK-STAT/NF-kappa B signaling pathways, which upregulated the expression of inflammation-specific genes. Collectively, results of this study offer novel insight into the multiple hepatotoxicity endpoints of NP and/or CHR exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations in organisms, and highlight the importance of nanoplastic/CHR pollution for liver health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hewei Jiang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yaoji He
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yawei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zequn Huang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yifeng Gu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qun Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jinliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaowu Chen
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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12
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Huang C, Jiang Y, Bao Q, Wang L, Tang L, Liu Y, Yang L. Study on the differential hepatotoxicity of raw polygonum multiflorum and polygonum multiflorum praeparata and its mechanism. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:161. [PMID: 38632548 PMCID: PMC11022370 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonum multiflorum (PM), a widely used traditional Chinese medicine herb, is divided into two forms, namely raw polygonum multiflorum (RPM) and polygonum multiflorum praeparata (PMP), according to the processing procedure. Emerging data has revealed the differential hepatotoxicity of RPM and PMP, however, its potential mechanism is still unclear. METHODS In our study, we investigated the differential hepatotoxicity of RPM and PMP exerted in C57BL/6 mice. First, sera were collected for biochemical analysis and HE staining was applied to examine the morphological alternation of the liver. Then we treated L02 cells with 5 mg / mL of RPM or PMP. The CCK8 and EdU assays were utilized to observe the viability and proliferation of L02 cells. RNA sequencing was performed to explore the expression profile of L02 cells. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression level of ferroptosis-related protein. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate ROS accumulation. RESULTS In our study, a significant elevation in serum ALT, AST and TBIL levels was investigated in the RMP group, while no significant differences were observed in the PMP group, compared to that of the CON group. HE staining showed punctate necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and structural destruction can be observed in the RPM group, which can be significantly attenuated after processing. In addition, we also found RPM could decrease the viability and proliferation capacity of L02 cells, which can be reversed by ferroptosis inhibitor. RNA sequencing data revealed the adverse effect of PM exerted on the liver is closely associated with ferroptosis. Western blotting assay uncovered the protein level of GPX4, HO-1 and FTL was sharply decreased, while the ROS content was dramatically elevated in L02 cells treated with RPM, which can be partially restored after processing. CONCLUSIONS The hepatotoxicity induced by RPM was significantly lower than the PMP, and its potential mechanism is associated with ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowen Huang
- Department of Preparations, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
- Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 69 Jiefang Western Road, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 69 Jiefang Western Road, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Bao
- Department of Preparations, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Preparations, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Preparations, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 69 Jiefang Western Road, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Preparations, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China.
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13
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Song S, Gao Y, Feng S, Cheng Z, Huang H, Xue J, Zhang T, Sun H. Widespread occurrence of two typical N, N'-substituted p-phenylenediamines and their quinones in humans: Association with oxidative stress and liver damage. J Hazard Mater 2024; 468:133835. [PMID: 38394895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
While N, N'-substituted p-phenylenediamines (PPDs) and their quinone derivatives (PPDQs) have been widely detected in the environment, there is currently limited data on their occurrence in humans. In this study, we conducted the first serum analysis of two PPDs and PPDQs in the healthy and secondary nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (S-NAFLD) cohorts in South China. The concentrations of four oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs), namely, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-PGF2α), 11β-prostaglandin F2α (11-PGF2α), 15(R)-prostaglandin F2α (15-PGF2α), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in serum samples were also measured. Results showed that N-(1,3-dimethybutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) quinone was the predominant target analytes both in the healthy and S-NAFLD cohorts, with the median concentrations of 0.13 and 0.20 ng/mL, respectively. Significant (p < 0.05) and positive correlations were found between 6PPD concentration and 8-PGF2α, 11-PGF2α, and 15-PGF2α in both the healthy and S-NAFLD cohorts, indicating that 6PPD may be associated with lipid oxidative damage. In addition, concentrations of 6PPD in serum were associated significantly linked with total bilirubin (β = 0.180 μmol/L, 95%CI: 0.036-0.396) and direct bilirubin (DBIL, β = 0.321 μmol/L, 95%CI: 0.035-0.677) related to hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, 8-PGF2α, 11-PGF2α, and 15-PGF2α mediated 17.1%, 24.5%, and 16.6% of 6PPD-associated DBIL elevations, respectively. Conclusively, this study provides novel insights into human exposure to and hepatotoxicity assessment of PPDs and PPDQs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Song
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Mei Zhou 514015, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shuai Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhipeng Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haibao Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jingchuan Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Kamila S, Dey KK, Islam S, Chattopadhyay A. Arsenic and chromium induced hepatotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) at environmentally relevant concentrations: Mixture effects and involvement of Nrf2-Keap1-ARE pathway. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:171221. [PMID: 38402821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr), two well-known cytotoxic and carcinogenic metals are reported to coexist in industrial effluents and groundwater. Their individual toxicities have been thoroughly studied but the combined effects, especially the mechanism of toxicity and cellular stress response remain unclear. Considering co-exposure as a more realistic scenario, current study compared the individual and mixture effects of As and Cr in the liver of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of As and Cr for 15, 30 and 60 days. ROS generation, biochemical stress parameters like lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione content, catalase activity and histological alterations were studied. Results showed increase in ROS production, MDA content and GSH level; and vicissitude in catalase activity as well as altered histoarchitecture, indicating oxidative stress conditions after individual and combined exposure of As and Cr which were additive in nature. This study also included the expression of Nrf2, the key regulator of antioxidant stress responses and its nuclear translocation. Related antioxidant and xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme genes like keap1, nqo1, ho1, mnsod and cyp1a were also studied. Overall results indicated increased nrf2, nqo1, ho1, mnsod expression at all time points and increased cyp1a expression after 60 days exposure. Emphasizing on the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, this study exhibited additive or sometimes synergistic effects of As and Cr in zebrafish liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejata Kamila
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Koushik Kumar Dey
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Shehnaz Islam
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
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15
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Kamboj P, Anjali, Imtiyaz K, Rizvi MA, Nath V, Kumar V, Husain A, Amir M. Design, synthesis, biological assessment and molecular modeling studies of novel imidazothiazole-thiazolidinone hybrids as potential anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8457. [PMID: 38605072 PMCID: PMC11009276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A new series of imidazothiazole derivatives bearing thiazolidinone moiety (4a-g and 5a-d) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for potential epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase inhibition, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity, cardiomyopathy toxicity and hepatotoxicity. Compound 4c inhibited EGFR kinase at a concentration of 18.35 ± 1.25 µM, whereas standard drug erlotinib showed IC50 value of 06.12 ± 0.92 µM. The molecular docking, dynamics simulation and MM-GBSA binding energy calculations revealed strong interaction of compound 4c with binding site of EGFR. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity by MTT assay against three human cancer cell lines A549 (Lung), MCF-7 (Breast), HCT116 (Colon), one normal human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293 and also for their EGFR kinase inhibitory activity. Few compounds of the series (4a, 4b, 4c) showed promising growth inhibition against all the tested cancer cell lines and against EGFR kinase. Among these, compound 4c was found to be most active and displayed IC50 value of 10.74 ± 0.40, 18.73 ± 0.88 against cancer cell lines A549 and MCF7 respectively whereas it showed an IC50 value of 96.38 ± 1.79 against HEK293 cell line indicating lesser cytotoxicity for healthy cell. Compounds 4a, 4b and 4c were also examined for their apoptosis inducing potential through AO/EB dual staining assay and it was observed that their antiproliferative activity against A549 cells is mediated via induction of apoptosis. Cardiomyopathy studies showed normal cardiomyocytes with no marked sign of pyknotic nucleus of compounds 4b and 4c. Hepatotoxicity studies of compounds 4b and 4c also showed normal architecture of hepatocytes. Compounds 4a-g and 5a-d were also evaluated for their in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity by protein albumin denaturation assay. Among the tested compounds 4a-d and 5a-b showed promising activity and were selected for in-vivo inflammatory activity against carrageenan rat paw edema test. Among these compounds, 4b was found to be most active in the series showing 84.94% inhibition, whereas the standard drug diclofenac sodium showed 84.57% inhibition. Compound 4b also showed low ulcerogenic potential and lipid peroxidation. Thus, compounds 4c and 4b could be a promising lead compounds for developing anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents with low toxicity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Kamboj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Anjali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Khalid Imtiyaz
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Moshahid A Rizvi
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Virendra Nath
- Department of Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Asif Husain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Zhou Y, Qu C, Yan H, Chu T, Wu J, Kang Q, Peng C, Wang Y, Tan Y. Unlocking the hidden potential: Enhancing the utilization of stems and leaves through metabolite analysis and toxicity assessment of various parts of Aconitum carmichaelii. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 323:117693. [PMID: 38176669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aconitum carmichaelii is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine clinics as a bulk medicinal material. It has been used in China for more than two thousand years. Nevertheless, the stems and leaves of this plant are usually discarded as non-medicinal parts, even though they have a large biomass and exhibit therapeutic properties. Thus, it is crucial to investigate metabolites of different parts of Aconitum carmichaelii and explore the relationship between metabolites and toxicity to unleash the utilization potential of the stems and leaves. AIM OF THE STUDY Using plant metabolomics, we aim to correlate different metabolites in various parts of Aconitum carmichaelii with toxicity, thereby screening for toxicity markers. This endeavor seeks to offer valuable insights for the development of Aconitum carmichaelii stem and leaf-based applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS-based plant metabolomics was employed to analyze metabolites of the different parts of Aconitum carmichaelii. The cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of the extracts from different parts of Aconitum carmichaelii were also investigated using zebrafish as animal model. Toxicity markers were subsequently identified by correlating toxicity with metabolites. RESULTS A total of 113 alkaloids were identified from the extracts of various parts of Aconitum carmichaelii, with 64 different metabolites in stems and leaves compared to daughter root (Fuzi), and 21 different metabolites in stems and leaves compared to mother root (Wutou). The content of aporphine alkaloids in the stems and leaves of Aconitum carmichaelii is higher than that in the medicinal parts, while the content of the diester-diterpenoid alkaloids is lower. Additionally, the medicinal parts of Aconitum carmichaelii exhibited cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, while the stems and leaves have no obvious toxicity. Finally, through correlation analysis and animal experimental verification, mesaconitine, deoxyaconitine, and hypaconitine were used as toxicity markers. CONCLUSION Given the low toxicity of the stems and leaves and the potential efficacy of aporphine alkaloids, the stems and leaves of Aconitum carmichaelii hold promise as a valuable medicinal resource warranting further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Can Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hongling Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tianzhe Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qinzhao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yulan Wang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Yuzhu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Xiong Y, Ma X, He B, Zhi J, Liu X, Wang P, Zhou Z, Liu D. Multifaceted Effects of Subchronic Exposure to Chlorfenapyr in Mice: Implications from Serum Metabolomics, Hepatic Oxidative Stress, and Intestinal Homeostasis. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:7423-7437. [PMID: 38502791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
As chlorfenapyr is a commonly used insecticide in agriculture, the health risks of subchronic exposure to chlorfenapyr remained unclear. This study aimed to extensively probe the health risks from subchronic exposure to chlorfenapyr at the NOAEL and 10-fold NOAEL dose in mice. Through pathological and biochemical examinations, the body metabolism, hepatic toxicity, and intestinal homeostasis were systematically assessed. After 12 weeks, a 10-fold NOAEL dose of chlorfenapyr resulted in weight reduction, increased daily food intake, and blood lipid abnormalities. Concurrently, this dosage induced hepatotoxicity and amplified oxidative stress in hepatocytes, a finding further supported in HepG2 cells. Moreover, chlorfenapyr resulted in intestinal inflammation, evidenced by increased inflammatory factors (IL-17a, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-22), disrupted immune cells (RORγt, Foxp3), and compromised intestinal barriers (ZO-1 and occludin). By contrast, the NOAEL dose presented less toxicity in most evaluations. Serum metabolomic analyses unveiled widespread disruptions in pathways related to hepatotoxicity and intestinal inflammation, including NF-κB signaling, Th cell differentiation, and bile acid metabolism. Microbiomic analysis showed an increase in Lactobacillus, a decrease in Muribaculaceae, and diminished anti-inflammatory microbes, which further propelled the inflammatory response and leaded to intestinal inflammation. These findings revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying chlorfenapyr-induced hepatotoxicity and intestinal inflammation, highlighting the significant role of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Xiong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoran Ma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bingying He
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianwen Zhi
- Department of Proctology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Li X, Wang Z, Yang B. Identification of the hub genes linked to zearalenone-induced hepatotoxicity in broiler chickens. Environ Res 2024; 246:118094. [PMID: 38176630 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin found in food and feed that impairs the function of multiple organs, especially the liver. However, the specific mechanisms through which ZEN induces liver damage in broiler chickens are not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the key genes linked to the hepatotoxicity induced by ZEN exposure in broiler chickens. Gene expression data from ZEN-treated and control chicken embryo primary hepatocytes (CEPHs) were used to implement differential expression analysis. Totally, 436 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, in which 223 and 213 genes were up- and down-regulated in ZEN-treated CEPHs, respectively. Gene ontology analysis suggested that these DEGs were involved in various biological processes, including chromosome segregation, mitotic cytokinesis, mitotic cell cycle, cell division, and mitotic spindle organization. Pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were associated with p53, FoxO, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, cell cycle, and mismatch repair signaling pathways. Furthermore, the hub genes, including BRCA1, CDC45, CDCA3, CDKN3, CENPE, CENPF, CENPI, CENPM, CENPU, and CEP55, potentially contributed to ZEN-induced hepatotoxicity. In conclusion, our study provides the valuable insight into the mechanism underlying ZEN-induced hepatotoxicity in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Bing Yang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China.
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Wang Y, Wu J, Wang D, Wan M, Li X, Zhang L, Yang D, Liu F, Liu J, Li K, Zhang S, Lu H. BPA induces hepatotoxicity in zebrafish through oxidative stress and apoptosis pathways. Fish Physiol Biochem 2024; 50:403-412. [PMID: 38085449 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BPA is so ubiquitous that 27 million tons of BPA-containing plastic, including mineral water bottles and baby bottles, is produced worldwide each year. The potential toxicity of BPA to humans and aquatic organisms has been the subject of intense research. In this study, a zebrafish model system was used to assess BPA-mediated hepatotoxicity. Zebrafish larvae at 72-144 hpf were exposed to BPA at different concentrations (0,1, 3 and 5mg/L). For example, BPA-treated zebrafish larvae showed increased mortality, delayed uptake of nutrients in yolk sac, shortened body length, smaller liver area, abnormal expression of genes related to liver development, and pathological changes in the liver tissue. Mechanistically, BPA exposure induced excessive oxidative stress in the liver of zebrafish and increased the level of hepatocyte apoptosis in zebrafish larvae, and the antioxidant astaxanthin could rescue the BPA-mediated liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nangchang, 330027, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Dagang Wang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Mengqi Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xue Li
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Dou Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nangchang, 330027, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Fasheng Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Jiejun Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Kehao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shouhua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nangchang, 330027, Jiangxi, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China.
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jian, 343000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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20
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Pop A, Halegoua-DeMarzio D, Barnhart H, Kleiner D, Avigan M, Gu J, Chalasani N, Ahmad J, Fontana RJ, Lee W, Barritt AS, Durazo F, Hayashi PH, Navarro VJ. Amiodarone and Dronedarone Causes Liver Injury with Distinctly Different Clinical Presentations. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1479-1487. [PMID: 38416280 PMCID: PMC11026178 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08251-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe hepatotoxicity due to amiodarone and dronedarone from the DILIN and the US FDA's surveillance database. METHODS Hepatotoxicity due to amiodarone and dronedarone enrolled in the U.S. Drug Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) from 2004 to 2020 are described. Dronedarone hepatotoxicity cases associated with liver biopsy results were obtained from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 2009 to 2020. RESULTS Among DILIN's 10 amiodarone and 3 dronedarone DILIN cases, the latency for amiodarone was longer than with dronedarone (388 vs 119 days, p = 0.50) and the median ALT at DILI onset was significantly lower with amiodarone (118 vs 1191 U/L, p = 0.05). Liver biopsies in five amiodarone cases showed fibrosis, steatosis, and numerous Mallory-Denk bodies. Five patients died although only one from liver failure. One patient with dronedarone induced liver injury died of a non-liver related cause. Nine additional cases of DILI due to dronedarone requiring hospitalization were identified in the FAERS database. Three patients developed liver injury within a month of starting the medication. Two developed acute liver failure and underwent urgent liver transplant, one was evaluated for liver transplant but then recovered spontaneously, while one patient with cirrhosis died of liver related causes. CONCLUSION Amiodarone hepatotoxicity resembles that seen in alcohol related liver injury, with fatty infiltration and inflammation. Dronedarone is less predictable, typically without fat and with a shorter latency of use before presentation. These differences may be explained, in part, by the differing pharmacokinetics of the two drugs leading to different mechanisms of hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pop
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Huiman Barnhart
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David Kleiner
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Naga Chalasani
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Jawad Ahmad
- Mt. Sinai-Icahn School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | | | - William Lee
- University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Francisco Durazo
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Victor J Navarro
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Einstein Medical Center; Jefferson Health System, Philadelphia, PA, 18901, USA.
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21
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Zhong G, Li Y, Ma F, Huo Y, Liao J, Han Q, Hu L, Tang Z. Copper Exposure Induced Chicken Hepatotoxicity: Involvement of Ferroptosis Mediated by Lipid Peroxidation, Ferritinophagy, and Inhibition of FSP1-CoQ10 and Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 Axis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1711-1721. [PMID: 37474886 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03773-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is one of the most significant trace elements in the body, but it is also a widespread environmental toxicant health. Ferroptosis is a newly identified programmed cell death, which involves various heavy metal-induced organ toxicity. Nevertheless, the role of ferroptosis in Cu-induced hepatotoxicity remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that 330 mg/kg Cu could disrupt the liver structure and cause characteristic morphological changes in mitochondria associated with ferroptosis. Additionally, Cu treatment increased MDA (malondialdehyde) and LPO (lipid peroxide) production while reducing GSH (reduced glutathione) content and GCL (glutamate cysteine ligase) activity. However, it is noticeable that there were no appreciable differences in liver iron content and key indicators of iron metabolism. Meanwhile, our further investigation found that 330 mg/kg Cu-exposure changed multiple ferroptosis-related indicators in chicken livers, including inhibition of the expression of SLC7A11, GPX4, FSP1, and COQ10B, whereas enhances the levels of ACLS4, LPCAT3, and LOXHD1. Furthermore, the changes in the expression of NCOA4, TXNIP, and Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway-related genes and proteins also further confirmed 330 mg/kg Cu exposure-induced ferroptosis. In conclusion, our results indicated that ferroptosis may play essential roles in Cu overload-induced liver damage, which offered new insights into the pathogenesis of Cu-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuanxu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Feiyang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yihui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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22
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Luo L, Ni J, Zhang J, Lin J, Chen S, Shen F, Huang Z. Toosendanin induces hepatotoxicity by restraining autophagy and lysosomal function through inhibiting STAT3/CTSC axis. Toxicol Lett 2024; 394:102-113. [PMID: 38460807 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Toosendanin (TSN) is the main active component in the traditional herb Melia toosendan Siebold & Zucc, which exhibits promising potential for development due to its diverse pharmacological properties. However, the hepatotoxicity associated with TSN needs further investigation. Previous research has implicated autophagy dysregulation in TSN-induced hepatotoxicity, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, the mechanisms of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in TSN-induced autophagy inhibition and liver injury were explored using Stat3 knockout C57BL/6 mice and HepG2 cells. TSN decreased cell viability, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) production in vitro, and elevated serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels as well as liver lesions in vivo, suggesting TSN had significant hepatotoxicity. TSN inhibited Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 pathway and the expression of cathepsin C (CTSC). Inhibition of STAT3 exacerbated TSN-induced autophagy inhibition and hepatic injury, whereas activation of STAT3 attenuated these effects of TSN. Mechanistically, STAT3 transcriptionally regulated the level of CTSC gene, which in turn affected autophagy and the process of liver injury. TSN-administered Stat3 knockout mice showed more severe hepatotoxicity, CTSC downregulation, and autophagy blockade than wildtype mice. In summary, TSN caused hepatotoxicity by inhibiting STAT3/CTSC axis-dependent autophagy and lysosomal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiajie Ni
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinxian Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sixin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feihai Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhiying Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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23
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Gao W, Wang Y, Cao W, Li G, Liu X, Huang X, Wang L, Tang B. Exploration of glutaredoxin-1 oxidative modification in carbon nanomaterial-induced hepatotoxicity. Analyst 2024; 149:1971-1975. [PMID: 38439614 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00051j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present toxicological assessments of carbon nanomaterials in HL-7702 cells, and it was found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were elevated. Mass spectrometry results indicated that cysteine sulfhydryl of glutaredoxin-1 (GLRX1) was oxidized to sulfenic acids and sulfonic acids by excessive ROS, which broke the binding of GLRX1 to apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, causing the activation of the JNK/p38 signaling pathway and ultimately hepatocyte apoptosis. However, a lower level of ROS upregulated GLRX1 instead of sulfonation modification of its active sites. Highly expressed GLRX1 in turn enabled the removal of intracellular ROS, thereby exerting inconspicuous toxic effects on cells. Taken together, these findings emphasized that CNM-induced hepatotoxicity is attributable to oxidative modifications of GLRX1 arising from redox imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Gao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Yuqiong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Wenhua Cao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Guanghan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
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24
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Wei Q, Li L, Zeng XQ, Abidan BHTYE, Yin J, Gao H, Guo JS. [An analysis on clinical characteristics and prognosis-related risk factors in patients with drug-induced liver injury]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2024; 32:214-221. [PMID: 38584102 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240201-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the drugs and clinical characteristics causing drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in recent years, as well as identify drug-induced liver failure, and chronic DILI risk factors, in order to better manage them timely. Methods: A retrospective investigation and analysis was conducted on 224 cases diagnosed with DILI and followed up for at least six months between January 2018 and December 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for drug-induced liver failure and chronic DILI. Results: Traditional Chinese medicine (accounting for 62.5%), herbal medicine (accounting for 84.3% of traditional Chinese medicine), and some Chinese patent medicines were the main causes of DILI found in this study. Severe and chronic DILI was associated with cholestatic type. Preexisting gallbladder disease, initial total bilirubin, initial prothrombin time, and initial antinuclear antibody titer were independent risk factors for DILI. Prolonged time interval between alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) falling from the peak to half of the peak (T(0.5ALP) and T(0.5ALT)) was an independent risk factor for chronic DILI [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.787, 95%CI: 0.697~0.878, P < 0.001], with cutoff values of 12.5d and 9.5d, respectively. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine is the main contributing cause of DILI. The occurrence risk of severe DILI is related to preexisting gallbladder disease, initial total bilirubin, prothrombin time, and antinuclear antibodies. T(0.5ALP) and T(0.5ALT) can be used as indicators to predict chronic DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - X Q Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bai He Ti Ya Er Abidan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J S Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
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25
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Liu J, Du Y, Xiao X, Tan D, He Y, Qin L. Construction of in vitro liver-on-a-chip models and application progress. Biomed Eng Online 2024; 23:33. [PMID: 38491482 PMCID: PMC10941602 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is the largest internal organ of the human body. It has a complex structure and function and plays a vital role in drug metabolism. In recent decades, extensive research has aimed to develop in vitro models that can simulate liver function to demonstrate changes in the physiological and pathological environment of the liver. Animal models and in vitro cell models are common, but the data obtained from animal models lack relevance when applied to humans, while cell models have limited predictive ability for metabolism and toxicity in humans. Recent advancements in tissue engineering, biomaterials, chip technology, and 3D bioprinting have provided opportunities for further research in in vitro models. Among them, liver-on-a-Chip (LOC) technology has made significant achievements in reproducing the in vivo behavior, physiological microenvironment, and metabolism of cells and organs. In this review, we discuss the development of LOC and its research progress in liver diseases, hepatotoxicity tests, and drug screening, as well as chip combinations. First, we review the structure and the physiological function of the liver. Then, we introduce the LOC technology, including general concepts, preparation materials, and methods. Finally, we review the application of LOC in disease modeling, hepatotoxicity tests, drug screening, and chip combinations, as well as the future challenges and directions of LOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinxin Xiao
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Daopeng Tan
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Lin Qin
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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26
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Li J, Li M, Wang R, Lan J, Yu L, Gao J, Lü H, Fang Q, Wang F. Mitophagy protects against silver nanoparticle-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting mitochondrial ROS and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 273:116137. [PMID: 38417314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have wide clinical applications because of their excellent antibacterial properties; however, they can cause liver inflammation in animals. Macrophages are among the main cells mediating inflammation and are also responsible for the phagocytosis of nanomaterials. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a major mechanism of inflammation, and its activation both induces cytokine release and triggers inflammatory cell death (i.e., pyroptosis). In previous studies, we demonstrated that mitophagy activation plays a protective role against AgNP-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate that AgNP exposure induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation, mitochondrial damage and pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. NLRP3 silencing or inhibiting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction reduces PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Meanwhile, the inhibition of mitophagy ROS production, mitochondrial, NLRP3-mediated inflammation, and pyroptosis in RAW264.7 cells were more pronounced than in the control group. These results suggest that PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy plays a protective role by reducing AgNP-induced mitochondrial ROS and subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, China
| | - Ming Li
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China
| | - Jiaqi Lan
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China
| | - Lian Yu
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China
| | - Hezuo Lü
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China
| | - Qiang Fang
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
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27
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Derouiche F, Djemil R, Sebihi FZ, Douaouya L, Maamar H, Benjemana K. High methionine diet mediated oxidative stress and proteasome impairment causes toxicity in liver. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5555. [PMID: 38448604 PMCID: PMC10917754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Methionine (Met) rich diet inducing oxidative stress is reported to alter many organs. Proteasome as a regulator of oxidative stress can be targeted. This study was performed to investigate if excessive methionine supplementation causes hepatotoxicity related to proteasome dysfunction under endogenous oxidative stress in rats. Male Wistar albino rats (n = 16) were divided into controls and treated groups. The treated rats (n = 08) received orally L-methionine (1 g/kg/day) for 21 days. Total homocysteine (tHcy), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), hepatic enzymes levels: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), with total bilirubin (TBil), albumin (Alb), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined in plasma by biochemical assays. Liver supernatants were used for malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PC), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), 20S proteasome activities and their subunits expression, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) evaluation by appropriate methods and light microscopy for liver histological examination. Methionine treatment increased homocysteine, TOS, oxidative stress index (OSI), MDA and PC but decreased TAS, GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx with the 20S proteasome activities and their β subunits expression. Liver proteins: AST, ALT, LDH, ALP, TBil and CRP were increased but Alb was decreased. Liver histology was also altered. An increase in liver TNF-α and IL-6 levels were observed. These findings indicated that methionine supplementation associated oxidative stress and proteasome dysfunction, caused hepatotoxicity and inflammation in rat. Further investigations should be to better understand the relation between methionine, oxidative stress, proteasome, and liver injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faouzia Derouiche
- Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria.
| | - Randa Djemil
- Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Fatima Zohra Sebihi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Lilia Douaouya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Hichem Maamar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Katia Benjemana
- Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Abbes Lagherour, Khenchela, Algeria
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Zhang R, Li D, Zhao R, Luo D, Hu Y, Wang S, Zhuo X, Iqbal MZ, Zhang H, Han Q, Kong X. Spike structure of gold nanobranches induces hepatotoxicity in mouse hepatocyte organoid models. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:92. [PMID: 38443940 PMCID: PMC10913213 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been extensively recognized as an active candidate for a large variety of biomedical applications. However, the clinical conversion of specific types of GNPs has been hindered due to their potential liver toxicity. The origin of their hepatotoxicity and the underlying key factors are still ambiguous. Because the size, shape, and surfactant of GNPs all affect their properties and cytotoxicity. An effective and sensitive platform that can provide deep insights into the cause of GNPs' hepatotoxicity in vitro is therefore highly desired. METHODS Here, hepatocyte organoid models (Hep-orgs) were constructed to evaluate the shape-dependent hepatotoxicity of GNPs. Two types of GNPs with different nanomorphology, gold nanospheres (GNSs) and spiny gold nanobranches (GNBs), were synthesized as the representative samples. Their shape-dependent effects on mice Hep-orgs' morphology, cellular cytoskeletal structure, mitochondrial structure, oxidative stress, and metabolism were carefully investigated. RESULTS The results showed that GNBs with higher spikiness and tip curvature exhibited more significant cytotoxicity compared to the rounded GNSs. The spike structure of GNBs leads to a mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and metabolic disorder in Hep-orgs. Meanwhile, similar trends can be observed in HepG2 cells and mice models, demonstrating the reliability of the Hep-orgs. CONCLUSIONS Hep-orgs can serve as an effective platform for exploring the interactions between GNPs and liver cells in a 3D perspective, filling the gap between 2D cell models and animal models. This work further revealed that organoids can be used as an indispensable tool to rapidly screen and explore the toxic mechanism of nanomaterials before considering their biomedical functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Dandan Luo
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Yeting Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310030, PR China
| | - Shengyan Wang
- School of Science Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, PR China
| | - Xiaolu Zhuo
- School of Science Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, PR China
| | - M Zubair Iqbal
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Qianqian Han
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
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Zhu J, Zhong L, Song Y, Ding H, Xin W, Xu G, Fang L. Exploring the effect of Wuzhi capsule on the pharmacokinetics of regorafenib and its main metabolites in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300923. [PMID: 38466147 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Regorafenib is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor with severe hepatotoxicity. It undergoes metabolism mainly by CYP3A4 to generate active metabolites regorafenib-N-oxide (M2) and N-desmethyl-regorafenib-N-oxide (M5). Wuzhi capsule (WZC) is an herbal preparation derived from Schisandra sphenanthera and is potentially used to prevent regorafenib-induced hepatotoxicity. This study aims to explore the effect of WZC on the pharmacokinetics of regorafenib in rats. An efficient and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantitatively determine regorafenib and its main metabolites in rat plasma. The proposed method was applied to the pharmacokinetic study of regorafenib in rats, with or without WZC. Coadministration of regorafenib with WZC resulted in a prolonged mean residence time (MRT) of the parent drug but had no statistically significant difference in other pharmacokinetic parameters. While for the main metabolites of regorafenib, WZC decreased the area under the curve and maximum concentration (Cmax ), delayed the time to reach Cmax , and prolonged the MRT of M2 and M5. These results indicate that WZC delayed and inhibited the metabolism of regorafenib to M2 and M5 by suppressing CYP3A4. Our study provides implications for the rational use of the WZC-regorafenib combination in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Like Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaoqi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Lu YY, Lu L, Ren HY, Hua W, Zheng N, Huang FY, Wang J, Tian M, Huang Q. The size-dependence and reversibility of polystyrene nanoplastics-induced lipid accumulation in mice: Possible roles of lysosomes. Environ Int 2024; 185:108532. [PMID: 38422876 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) continue to accumulate in global aquatic and terrestrial systems, posing a potential threat to human health through the food chain and/or other pathways. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have confirmed that the liver is one of the main organs targeted for the accumulation of NPs in living organisms. However, whether exposure to NPs induces size-dependent disorders of liver lipid metabolism remains controversial, and the reversibility of NPs-induced hepatotoxicity is largely unknown. In this study, the effects of long-term exposure to environmentally relevant doses of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on lipid accumulation were investigated in terms of autophagy and lysosomal mechanisms. The findings indicated that hepatic lipid accumulation was more pronounced in mice exposed to 100 nm PS-NPs compared to 500 nm PS-NPs. This effect was effectively alleviated after 50 days of self-recovery for 100 nm and 500 nm PS-NPs exposure. Mechanistically, although PS-NPs exposure activated autophagosome formation through ERK (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1)/mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) signaling pathway, the inhibition of Rab7 (RAB7, member RAS oncogene family), CTSB (cathepsin B), and CTSD (cathepsin D) expression impaired lysosomal function, thereby blocking autophagic flux and contributing to hepatic lipid accumulation. After termination of PS-NPs exposure, lysosomal exocytosis was responsible for the clearance of PS-NPs accumulated in lysosomes. Furthermore, impaired lysosomal function and autophagic flux inhibition were effectively alleviated. This might be the main reason for the alleviation of PS-NPs-induced lipid accumulation after recovery. Collectively, we demonstrate for the first time that lysosomes play a dual role in the persistence and reversibility of hepatotoxicity induced by environmental relevant doses of NPs, which provide novel evidence for the prevention and intervention of liver injury associated with nanoplastics exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yang Lu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lu Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong-Yun Ren
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Weizhen Hua
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Nengxing Zheng
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Fu-Yi Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jiani Wang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Meiping Tian
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qingyu Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Zhang YM, Dong WR, Lin CY, Xu WB, Li BZ, Liu GX, Shu MA. Risk assessment of pesticide compounds: IPT and TCZ cause hepatotoxicity, activate stress pathway and affect the composition of intestinal flora in red swamp crayfish (Procambarusclarkii). Environ Pollut 2024; 344:123315. [PMID: 38185353 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Isoprothiolane (IPT) and tricyclazole (TCZ) are widely used in rice farming and recently in combined rice-fish farming. However, co-cultured animals are affected by these pesticides. To investigate the organismal effects and toxicity of pesticides, crayfish were exposed to 0, 1, 10, or 100 ppt TCZ or IPT for 7 days. Pesticide bioaccumulation, survival rate, metabolic parameters, structure of intestinal flora, and antioxidant-, apoptosis-, and HSP-related gene expression were determined. Pesticide exposure caused bioaccumulation of IPT or TCZ in the hepatopancreas and muscles of crayfish; however, IPT bioaccumulation was higher than that of TCZ. Both groups showed significant changes in hepatopancreatic serum biochemical parameters. Mitochondrial damage and chromosomal agglutination were observed in hepatopancreatic cells exposed to 100 ppt IPT or TCZ. IPT induced more significant changes in serum biochemical parameters than TCZ. The results of intestinal flora showed that Vibro, Flavobacterium, Anaerorhabdus and Shewanella may have potential for use as a bacterial marker of TCZ and IPT. Antioxidant-, apoptosis-, and HSP-related gene expression was disrupted by pesticide exposure, and was more seriously affected by IPT. The results suggest that IPT or TCZ induce hepatopancreatic cell toxicity; however, IPT or TCZ content in dietary crayfish exposed to 1 ppt was below the food safety residue standard. The data indicated that IPT exposure may be more toxic than TCZ exposure in hepatopancreas and intestines and toxicity of organism are alleviated by activating the pathway of stress-response, providing an understanding of pesticide compounds in rice-fish farming and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei-Ren Dong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chen-Yang Lin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wen-Bin Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bang-Ze Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Guang-Xu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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32
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To YC, Pan Y, Yan X, He Y, Lin G. The toxicokinetic and metabolism of structurally diverse pyrrolizidine alkaloids in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 321:117390. [PMID: 37956911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a group of phytotoxins present in about 3% of flowering plants worldwide. Ingestion of PA-containing herbal products may lead to hepatotoxicity. Notably, the toxicokinetic (TK) behaviors, especially pyrrole-protein adducts (PPAs) having the same structure but generated from metabolic activation of different PAs, significantly affect the toxicity of structurally diverse PAs, therefore studying them in their pure form is preferable to extracts to stratify toxic potency of different PAs co-existing in herbal extracts. However, previous studies mainly focus on the establishment of TK profiles of the intact PAs, revealing less or no kinetic information on the main PA metabolites (PA N-oxides) and PPAs which mediate PA-induced hepatotoxicity. In this study, PPA was measured as the biomarker of PA exposure and PA-induced toxicity. AIM OF STUDY This study aims to investigate the TK difference between structurally diverse PAs of retronecine-type PAs: retrorsine (RTS) and monocrotaline (MCT), and otonecine-type PA: clivorine (CLI), and their toxicity-related metabolite PPAs and PA N-oxides, the main metabolite of retronecine-type PAs, for the establishment of a more accurate risk assessment of PAs exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS The TK studies were conducted using rats through intravenous (i.v.) or oral (p.o.) administration of PAs at 20 mg/kg. The main TK parameters of PAs and PA N-oxides were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles, and the kinetic profiles of PPAs were assessed from both plasma and erythrocyte concentration-time profiles. RESULTS MCT demonstrated the slowest but the highest extent of absorption among the three PAs, while RTS demonstrated a similar absorption rate with a lower extent than CLI. For elimination, MCT demonstrated a similar elimination rate as RTS but the lowest extent of elimination among the three PAs, and CLI exhibited significantly faster elimination than MCT and RTS. Moreover, the formation of PA N-oxide, which only occurs in retronecine-type PAs, was remarkably less in MCT-treated rats compared to RTS-treated ones. Of note, the retronecine-type RTS and MCT induced more PPAs via p.o. than i.v. administration route, whereas the otonecine-type CLI showed the opposite trend. CONCLUSION Dramatic TK differences, including not only PAs but also PA N-oxides and the derived protein adduct PPAs, were found among structurally diverse PAs in rats, laying the basis for varied hepatotoxic potencies induced by different PA-containing herbal products. Notably, our findings for the first time uncovered that oral administration of retronecine-type PAs might cause severer toxicity compared with the intravenous route, which warrants further in-depth exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Ching To
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yueyang Pan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yisheng He
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ge Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Fan X, Zhou L, Xing Y, Wang L, Choi SS, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Liu C, Zhu Y, Fu Z, Han L. A comprehensive investigation on the chemical changes of traditional Chinese medicine with classic processing technology: Polygonum multiflorum under nine cycles of steaming and sunning as a case study. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1733-1744. [PMID: 38347251 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an important role in the clinical application, which usually has the function of "increasing efficiency and reducing toxicity". Polygonum multiflorum (PM) has been reported to induce hepatotoxicity, while it is believed that the toxicity is reduced after processing. Studies have shown that the hepatotoxicity of PM is closely related to the changes in chemical components before and after processing. However, there is no comprehensive investigation on the chemical changes of PM during the processing progress. In this research, we established a comprehensive method to profile both small molecule compounds and polysaccharides from raw and different processed PM samples. In detail, an online two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (2D-LC/Q-Orbitrap MS) was utilized to investigate the small molecules, and a total of 150 compounds were characterized successfully. After multivariate statistical analysis, 49 differential compounds between raw and processed products were screened out. Furthermore, an accurate and comprehensive method for quantification of differential compounds in PM samples was established based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/Q-Orbitrap-MS (UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS) within 16 min. In addition, the changes of polysaccharides in different PM samples were analyzed, and it was found that the addition of black beans and steaming times would affect the content and composition of polysaccharides in PM significantly. Our work provided a reference basis for revealing the scientific connotation of the processing technology and increasing the quality control and safety of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shin Sik Choi
- The Natural Science Research Institute, Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Korea
| | - Zixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nankai University Affiliated Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, 300170, China.
| | - Zhifei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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Takimoto N, Ishii Y, Mitsumoto T, Takasu S, Namiki M, Shibutani M, Ogawa K. Formation of hepatocyte cytoplasmic inclusions and their contribution to methylcarbamate-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in F344 rats. Toxicol Sci 2024; 198:40-49. [PMID: 38230821 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Methylcarbamate (MC), a reaction product between dimethyl dicarbonate and ammonia or ammonium ion, is a potent hepatocarcinogen in F344 rats. Various genotoxicity tests have shown negative results for MC. Although previous studies have described the effects of MC on the liver, including the formation of characteristic basophilic cytoplasmic inclusions (CIs) in hepatocytes, the toxicological significance of CIs and their involvement in hepatocarcinogenesis remain unclear. In the current study, to elucidate the mechanisms of MC hepatocarcinogenesis, we examined hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity after 4 weeks of administration of MC using gpt delta rats with an F344 genetic background as a reporter gene transgenic animal model. Histopathologically, single-cell necrosis, karyomegaly, and the formation of CIs positive for Feulgen staining were observed in hepatocytes at the carcinogenic dose, demonstrating the hepatotoxicity of MC. CIs were also detected as large micronuclei in liver micronucleus tests but not in the bone marrow, suggesting that MC could cause chromosomal instability specifically in the livers of rats. Reporter gene mutation assays demonstrated that MC did not induce mutagenicity even in the liver. Immunofluorescence analyses revealed that CIs exhibited loss of nuclear envelope integrity, increased heterochromatinization, and accumulation of DNA damage. An increase in liver STING protein levels suggested an effect on the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes innate immune pathway. Overall, these data demonstrated the possible occurrence of chromothripsis-like chromosomal rearrangements via CIs. Thus, the formation of CIs could be a crucial event in the early stage of MC-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in F344 rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Takimoto
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishii
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Mitsumoto
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
- Faculty of Animal Health Technology, Yamazaki University of Animal Health Technology, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0364, Japan
| | - Shinji Takasu
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Moeka Namiki
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ogawa
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
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Wu T, Zhang H, Zhang P, James TD, Sun X. A Rationally Designed Prodrug for the Fluorogenic Labeling of Albumin and Theranostic Effects on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3498-3507. [PMID: 38363806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The development of small-molecular fluorogenic tools for the chemo-selective labeling of proteins in live cells is important for the evaluation of intracellular redox homeostasis. Dynamic imaging of human serum albumin (HSA), an antioxidant protein under oxidative stress with concomitant release of antioxidant drugs to maintain redox homeostasis, affords potential opportunities for disease diagnosis and treatment. In this work, we developed a nonfluorogenic prodrug named TPA-NAC, by introducing N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) into a conjugated acceptor skeleton. Through combined thiol and amino addition, coupling with HSA results in fluorescence turn-on and drug release. It was reasoned that the restricted intramolecular motion of the probe under an HSA microenvironment after covalent bonding inhibited the nonradiative transitions. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and photochemical properties of TPA-NAC enabled it to image exogenous and endogenous HSA in living cells in a wash-free manner. Additionally, the released drug evoked upregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which synergistically eliminated reactive oxygen species in a drug-induced liver injury model. This study provides insights into the design of new theranostic fluorescent prodrugs for chemo-selective protein labeling and disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaolong Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
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Shao C, Huang R, Okyere SK, Muhammad Y, Wang S, Wang J, Wang X, Hu Y. Study on the chronic inflammatory injury caused by Ageratina adenophora on goat liver using metabolomics. Toxicon 2024; 239:107610. [PMID: 38218385 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Ageratina adenophora (A. adenophora) is an invasive plant that is harmful to animals. The plants toxic effects on the liver have been studied in detail, however, the inflammation aspects of the hepatotoxicity are rarely discussed in literature. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the level of inflammation and the associated changes in liver metabolism caused by A. adenophora ingestion. Goat were fed with A. adenophora powder which accounts for 40% of the forage for 90 d. After the feeding period, the liver tissues were collected and the level of inflammation was detected using H & E staining and the changes in metabolites by LC-MS/MS. The results indicated that A. adenophora changes the liver metabolites, The test group shown 153 different metabolites in liver of which 71 were upregulated and 82 down regulated. We also found two differential metabolic pathways: neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and pyrimidine metabolism. The changes in the pathway suggested an association with inflammation and with pathological processes such as oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, we observed an increase in the levels of serum liver function indexes (AST and ALT), indicating the liver injury. Furthermore, inflammatory cell infiltration and cell degeneration were observed in histopathological sections. In conclusion, this study reveals that A. adenophora causes chronic inflammation and upregulate metabolites related to inflammation in the liver. The study complements the research content of A. adenophora hepatotoxicity and provides a basis for further research by analyzing changes in the liver metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruya Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Samuel Kumi Okyere
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Yousif Muhammad
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Misiachna A, Svobodova B, Netolicky J, Chvojkova M, Kleteckova L, Prchal L, Novak M, Hrabinova M, Kucera T, Muckova L, Moravcova Z, Karasova JZ, Pejchal J, Blazek F, Malinak D, Hakenova K, Krausova BH, Kolcheva M, Ladislav M, Korabecny J, Pahnke J, Vales K, Horak M, Soukup O. Phenoxytacrine derivatives: Low-toxicity neuroprotectants exerting affinity to ifenprodil-binding site and cholinesterase inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 266:116130. [PMID: 38218127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Tacrine (THA), a long withdrawn drug, is still a popular scaffold used in medicinal chemistry, mainly for its good reactivity and multi-targeted effect. However, THA-associated hepatotoxicity is still an issue and must be considered in drug discovery based on the THA scaffold. Following our previously identified hit compound 7-phenoxytacrine (7-PhO-THA), we systematically explored the chemical space with 30 novel derivatives, with a focus on low hepatotoxicity, anticholinesterase action, and antagonism at the GluN1/GluN2B subtype of the NMDA receptor. Applying the down-selection process based on in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic data, two candidates, I-52 and II-52, selective GluN1/GluN2B inhibitors thanks to the interaction with the ifenprodil-binding site, have entered in vivo pharmacodynamic studies. Finally, compound I-52, showing only minor affinity to AChE, was identified as a lead candidate with favorable behavioral and neuroprotective effects using open-field and prepulse inhibition tests, along with scopolamine-based behavioral and NMDA-induced hippocampal lesion models. Our data show that compound I-52 exhibits low toxicity often associated with NMDA receptor ligands, and low hepatotoxicity, often related to THA-based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Misiachna
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Svobodova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Netolicky
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Chvojkova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kleteckova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Novak
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Kucera
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lubica Muckova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Moravcova
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Zdarova Karasova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Blazek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Hakenova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hrcka Krausova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marharyta Kolcheva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Ladislav
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jens Pahnke
- Department of Neuro-/Pathology, University of Oslo & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karel Vales
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Horak
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Bai Y, Zhang J, Meng H, Shi B, Wu J, Li B, Wang J, Wang J, Zhu L, Du Z. Enrichment and distribution of 3,6-dichlorocarbazole in red crucian carp (Carassius auratus) and its hepatotoxicity. Sci Total Environ 2024; 911:168732. [PMID: 38007114 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are a class of organohalogen compounds where the hydrogen atom on the carbazole ring is replaced by a halogen atom. In recent years, PHCZs have drawn increasing concern due to their persistence, dioxin-like toxicity, bioaccumulation, potential ecological hazards and widespread occurrence in the environment. Current research on the enrichment and depuration of PHCZs in biological tissues and organs is insufficient, and the liver toxicity is unclear. Herein, to understand the enrichment and elimination of 3,6-DCCZ in fish tissues and organs as well as the hepatotoxicity, we exposed the red crucian carp to 20 and 100 μg/L of 3,6-DCCZ for 20 days followed by a depuration period of 10 days. The 3,6-DCCZ enrichment in each organ tissue was classified from high to low: brain > liver, intestine, gill > muscle. For depuration, 3,6-DCCZ was quickly excreted in the various organs of the red crucian carp; however, the liver depuration was slow, with the concentration of 3,6-DCCZ was maintained at 0.25-0.35 μg/g. 3,6-DCCZ exposure at both tested concentrations induced oxidative stress in red crucian carp, causing lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, as well as some histopathological changes in the liver, such as cell vacuolization, nucleus pyknosis, nucleus pleomorphism, no nucleus areas. Additionally, the 3,6-DCCZ exposure at higher concentration (100 μg/L) caused more serious damage and abnormal lipid metabolism in the red crucian carp liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Bai
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Haoran Meng
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Baihui Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Ji Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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Xu C, Zhou X, Webb L, Yalavarthi S, Zheng W, Saha S, Schweickhardt R, Soloviev M, Jenkins MH, Brandstetter S, Belousova N, Alimzhanov M, Rabinovich B, Deshpande AM, Brewis N, Helming L. M9657 Is a Bispecific Tumor-Targeted Anti-CD137 Agonist That Induces MSLN-Dependent Antitumor Immunity without Liver Inflammation. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:195-213. [PMID: 38091375 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The costimulatory receptor CD137 (also known as TNFRSF9 or 4-1BB) sustains effective cytotoxic T-cell responses. Agonistic anti-CD137 cancer immunotherapies are being investigated in clinical trials. Development of the first-generation CD137-agonist monotherapies utomilumab and urelumab was unsuccessful due to low antitumor efficacy mediated by the epitope recognized on CD137 or hepatotoxicity mediated by Fcγ receptors (FcγR) ligand-dependent CD137 activation, respectively. M9657 was engineered as a tetravalent bispecific antibody (mAb2) in a human IgG1 backbone with LALA mutations to reduce binding to FCγRs. Here, we report that M9657 selectively binds to mesothelin (MSLN) and CD137 with similar affinity in humans and cynomolgus monkeys. In a cellular functional assay, M9657 enhanced CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and cytokine release in the presence of tumor cells, which was dependent on both MSLN expression and T-cell receptor/CD3 activation. Both FS122m, a murine surrogate with the same protein structure as M9657, and chimeric M9657, a modified M9657 antibody with the Fab portion replaced with an anti-murine MSLN motif, demonstrated in vivo antitumor efficacy against various tumors in wild-type and human CD137 knock-in mice, and this was accompanied by activated CD8+ T-cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. The antitumor immunity of M9657 and FS122m depended on MSLN expression density and the mAb2 structure. Compared with 3H3, a murine surrogate of urelumab, FS122m and chimeric M9657 displayed significantly lower on-target/off-tumor toxicity. Taken together, M9657 exhibits a promising profile for development as a tumor-targeting immune agonist with potent anticancer activity without systemic immune activation and associated hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Xu
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Xueyuan Zhou
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Lindsay Webb
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | | | - Wenxin Zheng
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Somdutta Saha
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Rene Schweickhardt
- Discovery and Development Technologies, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Soloviev
- Discovery and Development Technologies, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Molly H Jenkins
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Neil Brewis
- F-star Therapeutics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Helming
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
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Ali ASM, Berg J, Roehrs V, Wu D, Hackethal J, Braeuning A, Woelken L, Rauh C, Kurreck J. Xeno-Free 3D Bioprinted Liver Model for Hepatotoxicity Assessment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1811. [PMID: 38339088 PMCID: PMC10855587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is one of the most promising methodologies that are currently in development for the replacement of animal experiments. Bioprinting and most alternative technologies rely on animal-derived materials, which compromises the intent of animal welfare and results in the generation of chimeric systems of limited value. The current study therefore presents the first bioprinted liver model that is entirely void of animal-derived constituents. Initially, HuH-7 cells underwent adaptation to a chemically defined medium (CDM). The adapted cells exhibited high survival rates (85-92%) after cryopreservation in chemically defined freezing media, comparable to those preserved in standard medium (86-92%). Xeno-free bioink for 3D bioprinting yielded liver models with high relative cell viability (97-101%), akin to a Matrigel-based liver model (83-102%) after 15 days of culture. The established xeno-free model was used for toxicity testing of a marine biotoxin, okadaic acid (OA). In 2D culture, OA toxicity was virtually identical for cells cultured under standard conditions and in CDM. In the xeno-free bioprinted liver model, 3-fold higher concentrations of OA than in the respective monolayer culture were needed to induce cytotoxicity. In conclusion, this study describes for the first time the development of a xeno-free 3D bioprinted liver model and its applicability for research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. M. Ali
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Berg
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Viola Roehrs
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dongwei Wu
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Albert Braeuning
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Lisa Woelken
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Food Process Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (C.R.)
| | - Cornelia Rauh
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Food Process Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (C.R.)
| | - Jens Kurreck
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
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Chowdhury RR, Rose S, Ezan F, Sovadinová I, Babica P, Langouët S. Hepatotoxicity of cyanotoxin microcystin-LR in human: Insights into mechanisms of action in the 3D culture model Hepoid-HepaRG. Environ Pollut 2024; 342:123047. [PMID: 38036087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a potent hepatotoxin produced by harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs). MC-LR targets highly differentiated hepatocytes expressing organic anion transporting polypeptides OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 that are responsible for hepatocellular uptake of the toxin. The present study utilized an advanced 3D in vitro human liver model Hepoid-HepaRG based on the cultivation of collagen-matrix embedded multicellular spheroids composed of highly differentiated and polarized hepatocyte-like cells. 14-d-old Hepoid-HepaRG cultures showed increased expression of OATP1B1/1B3 and sensitivity to MC-LR cytotoxicity at concentrations >10 nM (48 h exposure, EC20 = 26 nM). MC-LR induced neither caspase 3/7 activity nor expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker gene BiP/GRP78, but increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8, indicating a necrotic type of cell death. Subcytotoxic (10 nM) and cytotoxic (≥100 nM) MC-LR concentrations disrupted hepatocyte functions, such as xenobiotic metabolism phase-I enzyme activities (cytochrome P450 1A/1B) and albumin secretion, along with reduced expression of CYP1A2 and ALB genes. MC-LR also decreased expression of HNF4A gene, a critical regulator of hepatocyte differentiation and function. Genes encoding hepatobiliary membrane transporters (OATP1B1, BSEP, NTCP), hepatocyte gap junctional gene connexin 32 and the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin were also downregulated. Simultaneous upregulation of connexin 43 gene, primarily expressed by liver progenitor and non-parenchymal cells, indicated a disruption of tissue homeostasis. This was associated with a shift in the expression ratio of E-cadherin to N-cadherin towards the mesenchymal cell marker, a process linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and hepatocarcinogenesis. The effects observed in the human liver cell in vitro model revealed mechanisms that can potentially contribute to the MC-LR-induced promotion and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepoid-HepaRG cultures provide a robust, accessible and versatile in vitro model, capable of sensitively detecting hepatotoxic effects at toxicologically relevant concentrations, allowing for assessing hepatotoxicity mechanisms, human health hazards and impacts of environmental hepatotoxins, such as MC-LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riju R Chowdhury
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sophie Rose
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Ezan
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Iva Sovadinová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Babica
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sophie Langouët
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France.
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Zhou Y, Wang L, Sun LR, Zhang L, Wang HM, Liu XT, Yang F, Wu KL, Liang YL, Zhao BB, Zhuang Y, Fu JQ, Song C, Li Y, Wang LZ, Xu HJ, Gu Y, van den Anker J, Ju XL, Zhu XF, Zhao W. Individualized Use of 6-Mercaptopurine in Chinese Children with ALL: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 115:213-220. [PMID: 37753808 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Continuous 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) dose titration is necessary because of its narrow therapeutic index and frequently encountered dose-limiting hematopoietic toxicity. However, evidence-based guidelines for gene-based 6-MP dosing have not been established for Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This multicenter, randomized, open-label, active-controlled clinical trial randomly assigned Chinese children with low- or intermediate-risk ALL in a 1:1 ratio to receive TPMT-NUDT15 gene-based dosing of 6-MP (N = 44, 10 to 50 mg/m2 /day) or standard dosing (N = 44, 50 mg/m2 /day) during maintenance therapy. The primary end point was the incidence of 6-MP myelosuppression in both groups. Secondary end points included frequencies of 6-MP hepatotoxicity, duration of myelosuppression and leukopenia, event-free survival, and steady-state concentrations of active metabolites (6-thioguaninenucleotides and 6-methylmercaptopurine nucleotides) in erythrocytes. A 2.2-fold decrease in myelosuppression, the primary end point, was observed in the gene-based-dose group using ~ 50% of the standard initial 6-MP dose (odds ratio, 0.26, 95% confidence interval, 0.11 to 0.64, P = 0.003). Patients in the gene-based-dose group had a significantly lower risk of developing thiopurine-induced myelosuppression and leukopenia (P = 0.015 and P = 0.022, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the secondary end points of the incidence of hepatotoxicity and steady-state concentrations of active metabolites in erythrocytes between the two groups. TPMT- and NUDT15-based dosing of 6-MP will significantly contribute toward further reducing the incidence of leukopenia in Chinese children with ALL. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrial.gov as #NCT04228393.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li-Rong Sun
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Mei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong, First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xi-Ting Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ke-Liang Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu-Li Liang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Qiu Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui-Juan Xu
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong, First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - John van den Anker
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology & Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Paediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xiu-Li Ju
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Lucena MI, Villanueva-Paz M, Alvarez-Alvarez I, Aithal GP, Björnsson ES, Cakan-Akdogan G, Cubero FJ, Esteves F, Falcon-Perez JM, Fromenty B, Garcia-Ruiz C, Grove JI, Konu O, Kranendonk M, Kullak-Ublick GA, Miranda JP, Remesal-Doblado A, Sancho-Bru P, Nelson L, Andrade RJ, Daly AK, Fernandez-Checa JC. Roadmap to DILI research in Europe. A proposal from COST action ProEuroDILINet. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107046. [PMID: 38159783 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In the current article the aims for a constructive way forward in Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) are to highlight the most important priorities in research and clinical science, therefore supporting a more informed, focused, and better funded future for European DILI research. This Roadmap aims to identify key challenges, define a shared vision across all stakeholders for the opportunities to overcome these challenges and propose a high-quality research program to achieve progress on the prediction, prevention, diagnosis and management of this condition and impact on healthcare practice in the field of DILI. This will involve 1. Creation of a database encompassing optimised case report form for prospectively identified DILI cases with well-characterised controls with competing diagnoses, biological samples, and imaging data; 2. Establishing of preclinical models to improve the assessment and prediction of hepatotoxicity in humans to guide future drug safety testing; 3. Emphasis on implementation science and 4. Enhanced collaboration between drug-developers, clinicians and regulatory scientists. This proposed operational framework will advance DILI research and may bring together basic, applied, translational and clinical research in DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Lucena
- Servicios de Aparato Digestivo y Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Plataforma de Investigación Clínica y Ensayos Clínicos UICEC-IBIMA, Plataforma ISCIII de Investigación Clínica, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Villanueva-Paz
- Servicios de Aparato Digestivo y Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Alvarez-Alvarez
- Servicios de Aparato Digestivo y Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - G P Aithal
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - E S Björnsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - G Cakan-Akdogan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey. Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - F J Cubero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Esteves
- Center for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NMS | FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J M Falcon-Perez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, 48160, Spain. IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia 48009, Spain
| | - B Fromenty
- INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1317, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - C Garcia-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J I Grove
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - O Konu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Kranendonk
- Center for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NMS | FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - G A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; CMO & Patient Safety, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J P Miranda
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Remesal-Doblado
- Servicios de Aparato Digestivo y Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - P Sancho-Bru
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Nelson
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Faraday Building, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - R J Andrade
- Servicios de Aparato Digestivo y Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - A K Daly
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - J C Fernandez-Checa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Zhang T, Xie Y, Li T, Deng Y, Wan Q, Bai T, Zhang Q, Cai Z, Chen M, Zhang J. Phytochemical analysis and hepatotoxicity assessment of braised Polygoni Multiflori Radix (Wen-He-Shou-Wu). Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5768. [PMID: 38087457 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is a medicinal herb commonly used in China and Eastern Asia. Recently, the discovery of hepatotoxicity in PMR has received considerable attention from scientists. Processing is a traditional Chinese medicine technique used for the effective reduction of toxicity. One uncommon technique is the braising method-also known as 'Wen-Fa' in Chinese-which is used to prepare tonics or poisonous medications. Braised PMR (BPMR)-also known as 'Wen-He-Shou-Wu'-is one of the processed products of the braising method. However, the non-volatile components of BPMR have not been identified and examined in detail, and therefore, the hepatotoxic advantage of BPMR remains unknown. In this study, we compared the microscopic characteristics of different samples in powder form using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), investigated the non-volatile components, assessed the effects of different processed PMR products on the liver, and compared the differences between BPMR and PMR Praeparata recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition). We found that the hepatotoxicity of BPMR was dramatically decreased, which may be related to an increase in polysaccharide content and a decrease in toxic substances. The present study provides an important foundation for future investigations of the processing mechanisms of BPMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yating Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaling Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Quan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingting Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Jianchangbang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing (Braising Method), Nanchang, China
| | - Zhongxi Cai
- Jianchangbang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing (Braising Method), Nanchang, China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- Jianchangbang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing (Braising Method), Nanchang, China
- Beijing Scrianen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jinlian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Ürün M, Bora ES, Acar H, Erbaş O. Evaluation of the healing and protective properties of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from cisplatin-induced liver and kidney damage. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2024; 28:1327-1339. [PMID: 38436166 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202402_35454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The occurrence of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity as a result of cisplatin administration is a major concern in clinical practice. This study examined the potential protective effects of administering mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the renal and hepatic damage caused by cisplatin. Moreover, the study investigated the potential protective effects of administering Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSC) to counteract the harmful effects of cisplatin-induced kidney and liver damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: normal control, cisplatin + saline, and cisplatin + ADMSC. Cisplatin was administered to induce toxicity, and ADMSC was administered intravenously as a potential therapeutic intervention. Biochemical parameters and histopathological changes were assessed in the kidney and liver tissues. Statistical analyses were performed using a one-way ANOVA. RESULTS Cisplatin increased malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-alfa), IL-6, alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine, Galectin-3, Tissue growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), compared to the normal control group. Cisplatin-MSC reduced these levels. Histopathology showed that cisplatin caused kidney tubular epithelial necrosis, luminal necrotic debris, tubular dilatation, interstitial inflammation, liver sinusoidal and central vein dilatation, congestion, necrosis, and cytoplasmic vacuolization. ADMSC administration significantly reduced histopathological changes. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration in mitigating cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. MSC treatment demonstrated protective effects by reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and histopathological alterations. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying these protective effects and evaluate their clinical implications for managing cisplatin-induced organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ürün
- Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.
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Zhang J, Cheng D, Zhang H, Liu Z, Gao M, Wei L, Yan F, Li C, Wang L, Dong G, Wang C, Zhao M, Zhu Y, Xiong H. Interleukin 28A aggravates Con A-induced acute liver injury by promoting the recruitment of M1 macrophages. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23443. [PMID: 38265281 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301454r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Immune-mediated acute hepatic injury is characterized by the destruction of a large number of hepatocytes and severe liver function damage. Interleukin-28A (IL-28A), a member of the IL-10 family, is notable for its antiviral properties. However, despite advances in our understanding of IL-28A, its role in immune-mediated acute injury remains unclear. The present study investigated the role of IL-28A in concanavalin A (Con A)-induced acute immune liver injury. After Con A injection in mice, IL-28A level significantly increased. IL-28A deficiency was found to protect mice from acute liver injury, prolong survival time, and reduce serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. In contrast, recombinant IL-28A aggravated liver injury in mice. The proportion of activated M1 macrophages was significantly lower in the IL-28A-deficiency group than in the wild-type mouse group. In adoptive transfer experiments, M1 macrophages from WT could exacerbate mice acute liver injury symptoms in the IL-28A deficiency group. Furthermore, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-12, IL-6, and IL-1β, by M1 macrophages decreased significantly in the IL-28A-deficiency group. Western blotting demonstrated that IL-28A deficiency could limit M1 macrophage polarization by modulating the nuclear factor (NF)-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and interferon regulatory factor (IRF) signaling pathways. In summary, IL-28A deletion plays an important protective role in the Con A-induced acute liver injury model and IL-28A deficiency inhibits the activation of M1 macrophages by inhibiting the NF-κB, MAPK, and IRF signaling pathways. These results provide a potential new target for the treatment of immune-related hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Dalei Cheng
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Gao
- Clinical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Li Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fenglian Yan
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guanjun Dong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Changying Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhao
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhu
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Hu J, Dai J, Sheng N. Kynurenic Acid Plays a Protective Role in Hepatotoxicity Induced by HFPO-DA in Male Mice. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:1842-1853. [PMID: 38228288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Following its introduction as an alternative to perfluorooctanoic acid, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) has been extensively detected in various environmental matrices. Despite this prevalence, limited information is available regarding its hepatotoxicity biomarkers. In this study, toxicokinetic simulations indicated that under repeated treatment, HFPO-DA in mice serum reached a steady state by the 4th day. To assess its subacute hepatic effects and identify potential biomarkers, mice were administered HFPO-DA orally at doses of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5, or 62.5 mg/kg/d for 7 d. Results revealed that the lowest observed adverse effect levels were 0.5 mg/kg/d for hepatomegaly and 2.5 mg/kg/d for hepatic injury. Serum metabolomics analysis identified 34, 58, and 118 differential metabolites in the 0.1, 0.5, and 2.5 mg/kg/d groups, respectively, compared to the control group. Based on weighted gene coexpression network analysis, eight potential hepatotoxicity-related metabolites were identified; among them, kynurenic acid (KA) in mouse serum exhibited the highest correlation with liver injury. Furthermore, liver-targeted metabolomics analysis demonstrated that HFPO-DA exposure induced metabolic migration of the kynurenine pathway from KA to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, resulting in the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway. Notably, pretreatment with KA significantly attenuated liver injury induced by HFPO-DA exposure in mice, highlighting the pivotal roles of KA in the hepatotoxicity of HFPO-DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglin Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Nan Sheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
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Song L, Wang J, Gong M, Duan Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Qin L, He Q, Ji L, Zhang T, Wu X, Wang Y. Investigation of the principle of concoction by using the processing excipient Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. juice to reduce the main toxicity of Dioscorea bulbifera L. and enhance its main efficacy as expectorant and cough suppressant. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117372. [PMID: 37913830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dioscorea bulbifera L. (Rhizoma Dioscoreae Bulbiferae; RDB) is commonly used as an expectorant and cough suppressant herb but is accompanied by severe hepatotoxicity. Using the juice of auxiliary herbs (such as Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma; GRR) juice) in concocting poisonous Chinese medicine is a conventional method to reduce toxicity or increase effects. Our previous study found that concoction with GRR juice provided a detoxifying effect against the major toxic hepatotoxicity induced by RDB, but the principle for the detoxification of the concoction is unknown to date. AIM OF THE STUDY The principle of concoction was investigated by using the processing excipient GRR juice to reduce the major toxic hepatotoxicity of RDB, and the efficacy of RDB as an expectorant and cough suppressant was enhanced. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, common factors (RDB:GRR ratio, concocted temperature, and concocted time) in the concoction process were used for the preparation of each RDB concocted with GRR juice by using an orthogonal experimental design. We measured the content of the main toxic compound diosbulbin B (DB) and serum biochemical indicators and performed pathological analysis in liver tissues of mice to determine the best detoxification process of RDB concocted with GRR juice. On this basis, the biological mechanisms of target organs were detected by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the inflammation and apoptosis levels. Further, the effects of RDB on expectorant and cough suppressant with GRR juice were evaluated by the conventional tests of phenol red expectorant and concentrated ammonia-induced cough. Lastly, the major compounds in the GRR juice introduced to RDB concoction were determined. RESULTS RDB concocted with GRR juice significantly alleviated DB content, serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase levels, and improved liver pathological damages. The best detoxification process was achieved by using an RDB:GRR ratio of 100:20 at 120 °C for 20 min. Further, RDB concocted with GRR juice down-regulated the protein levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax) in the liver and enhanced the expectorant and cough suppressant effects of RDB. Finally, liquiritin (LQ) and glycyrrhizic acid (GA) in the GRR juice were introduced to the RDB concoction. CONCLUSION Concoction with GRR juice not only effectively reduced the major toxic hepatotoxicity of RDB but also enhanced its main efficacy as an expectorant and cough suppressant, and that the rationale for the detoxification and/or potentiation of RDB was related to the reduction in the content of the main hepatotoxic compound, DB, the introduction of the hepatoprotective active compounds, LQ and GA, in the auxiliary GRR juice, as well as the inhibition of NF-κB/COX-2/Bax signaling-mediated inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Song
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Junming Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Mingzhu Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yaqian Duan
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yueyue Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yamin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Lingyu Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Qingwen He
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Lijie Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Tianzhu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yanmei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Zhang J, Guo J, Yang N, Huang Y, Wen J, Xiang Q, Liu Q, Chen Y, Hu T, Rao C. Zanthoxylum armatum DC fruit ethyl acetate extract site induced hepatotoxicity by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibiting autophagy in BRL-3A models. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117245. [PMID: 37802376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zanthoxylum armatum DC (Z. armatum) is renowned not only as a culinary spice but also as a staple in traditional ethnic medicine, predominantly in Southeast Asia and various other regions. Recent research has unveiled its multifaceted pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and toothache relief effects. Nonetheless, some studies have reported the potential toxicity of Z. armatum, emphasizing the need to further explore its toxicity mechanisms for safer application. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the effect and mechanism of hepatotoxicity in BRL-3A cells induced by Z. armatum. MATERIALS AND METHODS The compounds of the ethyl acetate extract of Z. armatum (ZADC-EA) were identified by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS). The hepatotoxicity of the extract was evaluated by detecting cell viability, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and apoptosis were detected by Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B, flow cytometry, and Western blot to explore the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by ZADC-EA. RESULTS UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis revealed the presence of compounds belonging to flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The IC50 value of ZADC-EA was 62.43 μg/mL, the cell viability of BRL-3A decreased in a time-dose dependent manner, and the levels of AST, ALT, and LDH were upregulated. In addition, ZADC-EA-induced increased expression of eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway proteins, inhibited autophagy, and promoted apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into the hepatotoxicity mechanisms of ZADC-EA on BRL-3A cells. It was found that ZADC-EA could induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibit autophagy, then intensify apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress could exacerbate autophagy inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Jiafu Guo
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Nannan Yang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Jiayu Wen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Qiwen Xiang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Qiuyan Liu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Chaolong Rao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
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Miranda RG, Guarache GC, Leão AHFF, Pereira GJ, Dorta DJ. BDE-47-mediated cytotoxicity via autophagy blockade in 3D HepaRG spheroids cultured in alginate microcapsules. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 388:110831. [PMID: 38101597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) are a major class of brominated flame retardants, and their widespread use has led them to be considered contaminants with emerging concern. PBDEs have been detected in the indoor air, house dust, food, and all environmental compartments. The congener BDE-47 (2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether) is the most prevalent, and hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, immunological changes, endocrine disruption, and genotoxic potential have been related to its exposure. Although the BDE-47 molecular toxicity pathway is directly related to intrinsic apoptotic cell death, the role of autophagy in BDE-47 toxicity remains unclear. In this context, three-dimensional cell culture has emerged as a good strategy for the replacement of animals in toxicological testing. Here, we used HepaRG spheroids cultured in alginate microcapsules to investigate the role of autophagy in BDE-47-mediated hepatotoxicity. We developed mature and functional HepaRG spheroids by culturing them in alginate microcapsules. Histological analysis revealed that HepaRG spheroids formed an extracellular matrix and stored glycogen. No apoptotic and/or necrotic cores were observed. BDE-47 showed concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in HepaRG spheroids. In the early exposure period, BDE-47 initially disrupted mitochondrial activity and increased the formation of acid compartments that promoted the increase in autophagic activity; however, this autophagy was blocked, and long-term exposure to BDE-47 promoted efficient apoptotic cell death through autophagy blockade, as evidenced by an increased number of fragmented/condensed nuclei. Therefore, for the first time, we demonstrated BDE-47 toxicity and its cell pathway induces cell death using a three-dimensional liver cell culture, the HepaRG cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Ghiraldelli Miranda
- Univesity of São Paulo (USP), School of Phamaceutical Science of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil; Department of Life Science of the University of Coimbra, 3000, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Gabriel Cicolin Guarache
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Henrique F F Leão
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo José Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Junqueira Dorta
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Química, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil; National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactivies (INCT-DATREM), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute os Chemistry, Araraquara, SP, 14800-060, Brazil.
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