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Forte E, Sanders JM, Pla I, Kanchustambham VL, Hollas MAR, Huang CF, Sanchez A, Peterson KN, Melani RD, Huang A, Polineni P, Doll JM, Dietch Z, Kelleher NL, Ladner DP. Top-Down Proteomics Identifies Plasma Proteoform Signatures of Liver Cirrhosis Progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.19.599662. [PMID: 38948836 PMCID: PMC11212939 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.19.599662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Cirrhosis, advanced liver disease, affects 2-5 million Americans. While most patients have compensated cirrhosis and may be fairly asymptomatic, many decompensate and experience life-threatening complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding, confusion (hepatic encephalopathy), and ascites, reducing life expectancy from 12 to less than 2 years. Among patients with compensated cirrhosis, identifying patients at high risk of decompensation is critical to optimize care and reduce morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is important to preferentially direct them towards specialty care which cannot be provided to all patients with cirrhosis. We used discovery Top-down Proteomics (TDP) to identify differentially expressed proteoforms (DEPs) in the plasma of patients with progressive stages of liver cirrhosis with the ultimate goal to identify candidate biomarkers of disease progression. In this pilot study, we identified 209 DEPs across three stages of cirrhosis (compensated, compensated with portal hypertension, and decompensated), of which 115 derived from proteins enriched in the liver at a transcriptional level and discriminated the three stages of cirrhosis. Enrichment analyses demonstrated DEPs are involved in several metabolic and immunological processes known to be impacted by cirrhosis progression. We have preliminarily defined the plasma proteoform signatures of cirrhosis patients, setting the stage for ongoing discovery and validation of biomarkers for early diagnosis, risk stratification, and disease monitoring. Highlights Performed a pilot top-down LC-MS/MS analysis to identify proteoforms (PFRs) in the plasma of patients with 3 progressive stages of liver cirrhosis.Identified 2867 proteoforms (PFRs) and 209 differentially regulated proteoforms (DRPs) in the different stages of the disease.Identified DRP profiles able to potentially distinguish early from late stages of the disease, including 115 liver-derived DRPs.Fibrinogen alpha chain, haptoglobin, and Apo A-I are the proteins with the highest number of DRPs and represent potential candidate biomarkers of liver cirrhosis progression.
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Yan J, Yang S, Han L, Ba X, Shen P, Lin W, Li T, Zhang R, Huang Y, Huang Y, Qin K, Wang Y, Tu S, Chen Z. Dyslipidemia in rheumatoid arthritis: the possible mechanisms. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1254753. [PMID: 37954591 PMCID: PMC10634280 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease, of which the leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD). The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) in RA decrease especially under hyperinflammatory conditions. It is conflictive with the increased risk of CVD in RA, which is called "lipid paradox". The systemic inflammation may explain this apparent contradiction. The increased systemic proinflammatory cytokines in RA mainly include interleukin-6(IL-6)、interleukin-1(IL-1)and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α). The inflammation of RA cause changes in the subcomponents and structure of HDL particles, leading to a weakened anti-atherosclerosis function and promoting LDL oxidation and plaque formation. Dysfunctional HDL can further worsen the abnormalities of LDL metabolism, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the specific mechanisms underlying lipid changes in RA and increased CVD risk remain unclear. Therefore, this article comprehensively integrates the latest existing literature to describe the unique lipid profile of RA, explore the mechanisms of lipid changes, and investigate the impact of lipid changes on cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Ba
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiji Lin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruiyuan Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Korkmaz ŞA, Kızgın S. Neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), monocyte/HDL and platelet/HDL ratios are increased in acute mania as markers of inflammation, even after controlling for confounding factors. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:1383-1390. [PMID: 37725087 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2260302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies show that inflammation is related to the pathogenesis of acute mania of bipolar disorder. Neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (NHR), lymphocyte/HDL ratio (LHR), monocyte/HDL ratio (MHR) and platelet/HDL ratio (PHR) have recently been investigated as novel markers of inflammation. In addition, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic coefficient (AC) are the leading atherogenic indices. The study aimed to investigate these inflammation and atherogenic index markers in acute mania of bipolar disorder. Another aim was to determine whether there is a relationship between these markers and disease severity and psychotic symptoms. METHODS A total of 109 BD-M and 101 (HC) were enrolled in the study. The differences in NHR, LHR, MHR, PHR, AIP and AC and their association with illness severity and psychotic symptoms were analyzed after adjusting for age, sex, total cholesterol level, body-mass index and smoking status. Then, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to analyze these parameters' diagnostic potential. Moreover, the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Clinical Global Impression Scale for use in bipolar illness-Severity subscale (CGI-BP-S) were used to assess the severity of clinical symptoms. RESULTS We found higher levels of NHR, MHR, PHR and AIP, but not LHR and AC, after adjusting confounding factors in patients with BD-M compared to HCs. In logistic regression analysis, higher levels of MHR and NHR were associated with BD-M. MHR, NHR and PHR were predictors for differentiating the BD-M group from the HC group. However, the severity of the illness or the psychotic feature of the manic episode did not significantly affect the parameters. In the ROC curve analysis of BD-M, the indicators with an area under the curve (AUC) higher than 0.6 were the MHR, NHR, PHR and LHR. CONCLUSIONS These results provide information about the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of BD-M. Even after controlling for confounding factors, MHR, NHR, PHR and AIP are potential biomarkers for BD-M. Moreover, the increase in AIP may explain the co-morbidity between BD and cardiovascular diseases. However, the severity of the illness or the psychotic feature of the manic episode did not significantly affect the levels of inflammation ratios used in our study. Due to the low cost and widespread use of lipid metabolism and related inflammation rates, it may be beneficial to know the MHR, NHR, PHR and AIP levels in BD-M patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadice Kızgın
- Department of Psychiatry, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Hong BV, Agus JK, Tang X, Zheng JJ, Romo EZ, Lei S, Zivkovic AM. Precision Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction: the Promise of High-Density Lipoproteins. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:663-677. [PMID: 37702886 PMCID: PMC10564829 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Emerging evidence supports the promise of precision nutritional approaches for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Here, we discuss current findings from precision nutrition trials and studies reporting substantial inter-individual variability in responses to diets and dietary components relevant to CVD outcomes. We highlight examples where early precision nutrition research already points to actionable intervention targets tailored to an individual's biology and lifestyle. Finally, we make the case for high-density lipoproteins (HDL) as a compelling next generation target for precision nutrition aimed at CVD prevention. HDL possesses complex structural features including diverse protein components, lipids, size distribution, extensive glycosylation, and interacts with the gut microbiome, all of which influence HDL's anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cholesterol efflux properties. Elucidating the nuances of HDL structure and function at an individual level may unlock personalized dietary and lifestyle strategies to optimize HDL-mediated atheroprotection and reduce CVD risk. RECENT FINDINGS Recent human studies have demonstrated that HDL particles are key players in the reduction of CVD risk. Our review highlights the role of HDL and the importance of personalized therapeutic approaches to improve their potential for reducing CVD risk. Factors such as diet, genetics, glycosylation, and gut microbiome interactions can modulate HDL structure and function at the individual level. We emphasize that fractionating HDL into size-based subclasses and measuring particle concentration are necessary to understand HDL biology and for developing the next generation of diagnostics and biomarkers. These discoveries underscore the need to move beyond a one-size-fits-all approach to HDL management. Precision nutrition strategies that account for personalized metabolic, genetic, and lifestyle data hold promise for optimizing HDL therapies and function to mitigate CVD risk more potently. While human studies show HDL play a key role in reducing CVD risk, recent findings indicate that factors such as diet, genetics, glycosylation, and gut microbes modulate HDL function at the individual level, underscoring the need for precision nutrition strategies that account for personalized variability to optimize HDL's potential for mitigating CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian V Hong
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Joanne K Agus
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Xinyu Tang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jack Jingyuan Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Eduardo Z Romo
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Susan Lei
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Angela M Zivkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Jud P, Hafner F, Meinitzer A, Brodmann M, Dejaco C, Silbernagel G. Cardiovascular diseases and their associations with lipid parameters and endothelial dysfunction in giant cell arteritis. RMD Open 2023; 9:e003481. [PMID: 37657846 PMCID: PMC10476128 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluation of endothelial dysfunction, lipid metabolism, prevalence and development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA). METHODS 138 GCA patients and 100 controls were evaluated for prevalent cardiovascular diseases in 2012. Cholesterol, lipoproteins and triglycerides, intima-media thickness, arterial stiffness, asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine were also measured in 2012. Cardiovascular events, mortality and relapse were retrieved by chart review in 2020. RESULTS Prevalent carotid and vertebral artery disease was higher in GCA patients than in controls (p<0.001). GCA patients had higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A1 and B, and augmentation index (all with p<0.05). Target LDL levels were less frequently achieved at study inclusion by GCA patients (p=0.001), who developed more frequently new cardiovascular events, also with a higher amount, during follow-up (all with p<0.001). Statin treatment in GCA patients was associated with lower levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine, monocytes and C reactive protein (all with p<0.05). Relapse was independently associated with higher risk of future cardiovascular events (OR 5.01 (95% CI 1.55 to 16.22), p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS GCA patients are at a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Of relevance, there was underuse of statins and a large proportion of these patients showed LDL cholesterol concentrations above the treatment targets for high-risk patients. These data underscore the need for improvement of preventive strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in GCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jud
- Internal Medicine, Medizinische Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Franz Hafner
- Internal Medicine, Medizinische Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medizinische Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Christian Dejaco
- Rheumatology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Rheumatology, Hospital of Bruneck, Bruneck, Italy
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Progress in HNE Biology. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 735:109513. [PMID: 36646268 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Fadaei R, Mohassel Azadi S, Rhéaume E, Khazaie H. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and its relation with disease severity. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:116. [PMID: 36344946 PMCID: PMC9639319 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01723-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to an accelerated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some key CVD risk factors are present in patients suffering from OSA such as hypertension, inflammation, oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is proposed as a reliable biomarker of HDL function and the present study aimed to quantify this biomarker in patients with OSA. Methods ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), non-ABCA1, and total CEC were determined in 69 polysomnographic-confirmed OSA patients and 23 controls. Moreover, paraoxonase (PON) activities, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) circulating levels were quantified in the studied population. Results: All CEC measures were reduced in the OSA group compared to the control group. Strikingly, ABCA1 CEC was diminished in severe OSA in comparison with mild OSA. Furthermore, PON activities and apo A-I showed lower levels, while hsCRP and apo B were elevated in OSA patients compared to controls. Moreover, ABCA1 CEC showed an inverse association with hsCRP and a positive association with apo A-I, while non-ABCA1 CEC presented an association with HDL-C. Conclusion These results suggest the presence of an impaired HDL function in OSA. In particular, ABCA1 CEC was associated with disease severity and inflammation which could be a factor increasing the risk of CVD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01723-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fadaei
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mohassel Azadi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eric Rhéaume
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard-Montpetit boulevard, Montreal, H3T 1J4 Canada
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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