1
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Su M, Cao X, Gao H, Zhu C, Peng W, Jiang Q, Yu C. Honeycomb-like nickel oxide-reduced graphene oxide based sensor for the electrochemical tracking of norepinephrine in neuronal cells. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1262:341247. [PMID: 37179062 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive and specific detection and monitoring of trace norepinephrine (NE) in biological fluids and neuronal cell lines is essential for the investigation of pathogenesis of certain neurological diseases. Herein, we constructed a novel electrochemical sensor for real-time monitoring of NE released by PC12 cells based on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with honeycomb-like nickel oxide (NiO)-reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposite. The synthesized NiO, RGO and the NiO-RGO nanocomposite were characterized using X-ray diffraction spectrogram (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The porous three-dimensional honeycomb-like structure of NiO and high charge transfer kinetics of RGO endowed the nanocomposite with excellent electrocatalytic activity, large surface area and good conductivity. The developed sensor exhibited superior sensitivity and specificity towards NE in a wide linear range from 20 nM to 14 μM and 14 μM-80 μM, with a low detection limit of 5 nM. The performances of the sensor in terms of excellent biocompatibility and high sensitivity allow it to be successfully employed in the tracking of NE release from PC12 cells under the stimulation of K+, providing an effective strategy for the real-time monitoring of cellular NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Su
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Cao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Cailing Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Wenjing Peng
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Qiyu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Chunmei Yu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, PR China.
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2
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Tatli F, Uzun D, Calam TT, Gündüzalp AB, Hasdemir E. Preparation and characterization of 3-[(1H
-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylimino)methyl]naphtalene-2-ol film at the platinum surface for selective voltammetric determination of dopamine in the presence of uric acid and ascorbic acid. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feyza Tatli
- Chemistry Teacher Education; Marmara University; İstanbul Turkey
| | - Demet Uzun
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Gazi University; Ankara Turkey
| | | | | | - Erdoğan Hasdemir
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Gazi University; Ankara Turkey
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3
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Clinical implications and electrochemical biosensing of monoamine neurotransmitters in body fluids, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 121:137-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Avan AA, Filik H. Electrochemical Determination of Dopamine Using a Graphene–Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode with Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2018.1437624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asiye Aslıhan Avan
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul University, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayati Filik
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul University, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
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5
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Manjunatha J, Kumara Swamy B, Mamatha G, Raril C, Nanjunda Swamy L, Fattepur S. Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Boric Acid and TX-100 used for Electrochemical Determination of Dopamine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.06.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Moon JM, Thapliyal N, Hussain KK, Goyal RN, Shim YB. Conducting polymer-based electrochemical biosensors for neurotransmitters: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 102:540-552. [PMID: 29220802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters are important biochemical molecules that control behavioral and physiological functions in central and peripheral nervous system. Therefore, the analysis of neurotransmitters in biological samples has a great clinical and pharmaceutical importance. To date, various methods have been developed for their assay. Of the various methods, the electrochemical sensors demonstrated the potential of being robust, selective, sensitive, and real time measurements. Recently, conducting polymers (CPs) and their composites have been widely employed in the fabrication of various electrochemical sensors for the determination of neurotransmitters. Hence, this review presents a brief introduction to the electrochemical biosensors, with the detailed discussion on recent trends in the development and applications of electrochemical neurotransmitter sensors based on CPs and their composites. The review covers the sensing principle of prime neurotransmitters, including glutamate, aspartate, tyrosine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, histamine, choline, acetylcholine, nitrogen monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide. In addition, the combination with other analytical techniques was also highlighted. Detection challenges and future prospective of the neurotransmitter sensors were discussed for the development of biomedical and healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Min Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST), Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Neeta Thapliyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Khalil Khadim Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST), Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Rajendra N Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India.
| | - Yoon-Bo Shim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST), Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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7
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Determination of monoamine neurotransmitters in zebrafish (Danio rerio) by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with a two-step derivatization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:2931-2939. [PMID: 28204887 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive analytical method for the determination of monoamine neurotransmitters (MNTs) in zebrafish larvae was developed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Six MNTs were selected as target compounds for neurotoxicity testing. MNTs underwent a two-step derivatization with hexamethyldisilazane (HDMS) for O-silylation followed by N-methyl-bis-heptafluorobutyramide (MBHFBA) for N-perfluoroacylation. Derivatization conditions were optimized by an experimental design approach. Method validation showed linear calibration curves (r 2 > 0.9976) in the range of 1-100 ng for all the compounds. The recovery rates were between 92 and 119%. The method was repeatable and reproducible with relative standard deviations (RSD) in the range of 2.5-9.3% for intra-day and 4.8-12% for inter-day variation. The limits of detection and the limits of quantitation were 0.4-0.8 and 1.2-2.7 ng/mL, respectively. The method was successfully applied to detect and quantify trace levels of MNTs in 5-day-old zebrafish larvae that were exposed to low concentrations of neurotoxic chemicals such as pesticides and methylmercury. Although visual malformations were not detected, the MNT levels varied significantly during early zebrafish development. These results show that exposure to neurotoxic chemicals can alter neurotransmitter levels and thereby may influence early brain development. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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8
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Wang WF, Ju FR, Ran YL, Zhang HG, Chen XG. Detection of biogenic amines in C57BL/6 mice brain by capillary electrophoresis electrokinetic supercharging. Analyst 2016; 141:956-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01642h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile, sensitive EKS/MEKD-PDAD method was developed for the detection of neurotransmitters in C57BL/6 mice brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Fu-rong Ju
- School of Life Science
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Yan-li Ran
- School of Life Science
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Hui-ge Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Xing-guo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
- Department of Chemistry
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9
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Ülker E, Kavanoz M. Determination of epinephrine in human serum using a Pt electrode modified by polyaniline–poly(3-methylthiophene)–poly(3,3′-diaminobenzidine). CAN J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2015-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A Pt electrode modified by polyaniline–poly(3-methylthiophene)–poly(3,3′-diaminobenzidine) was used for amperometric determination of epinephrine in a solution of NaHSO4/Na2SO4 (pH 2.0). For these studies, potentials between 0.40 and 0.50 V were applied, and the best response was obtained at 0.45 V. The limit of detection, limit of quantification, and the linear dynamic range were 1.23 × 10−4, 4.10 × 10−4, and 4.10 × 10−4 to 100.0 mmol L−1, respectively. These results were compared with determinations using Pt electrodes that were coated and uncoated with homopolymers. To check the accuracy of the developed method and the matrices interference, determination of epinephrine was performed in human serum samples using this modified electrode. The epinephrine concentrations were adjusted to 1.0 and 5.0 mmol L−1, and recovery values were calculated as 100.4% and 96.8%, respectively. It is significant that the determination of epinephrine was carried out at a lower potential (0.45 V) than the oxidation potential of epinephrine (0.65 V) without any matrix effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Ülker
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Rize 53100, Turkey
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Muammer Kavanoz
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Rize 53100, Turkey
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Rize 53100, Turkey
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10
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Naccarato A, Gionfriddo E, Sindona G, Tagarelli A. Development of a simple and rapid solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method for the analysis of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine in human urine. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 810:17-24. [PMID: 24439500 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The work aims at developing a simple and rapid method for the quantification of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in human urine. The urinary levels of these biogenic amines can be correlated with several pathological conditions concerning heart disease, stress, neurological disorders and cancerous tumors. The proposed analytical approach is based on the use of solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QqQ-MS) after a fast derivatization of both aliphatic amino and phenolic moieties by propyl chloroformate. The variables influencing the derivatization reaction were reliably optimized by the multivariate approach of "Experimental design". The optimal conditions were obtained by performing derivatization with 100μL of propyl chloroformate and 100μL of pyridine. The extraction ability of five commercially available SPME fibers was evaluated in univariate mode and the best results were obtained using the polyacrylate fiber. The variables affecting the efficiency of SPME analysis were again optimized by the multivariate approach of "Experimental design" and, in particular, a central composite design (CCD) was applied. The optimal values were extraction in 45min at room temperature, desorption temperature at 300°C, no addition of NaCl. Assay of derivatized analytes was performed by using a gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QqQ-MS) system in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) acquisition. An evaluation of all analytical parameters demonstrates that the developed method provides satisfactory results. Indeed, very good linearities were achieved in the tested calibration range with correlation coefficient values of 0.9995, 0.9999 and 0.9997 for DA, 5-HT and NE, respectively. Accuracies and RSDs calculated for between-run and tested at concentrations of 30, 200, and 800μg L(-1) were in the range from 92.8% to 103.0%, and from 0.67 to 4.5%, respectively. Finally, the LOD values obtained can be considered very good (0.587, 0.381 and 1.23μg L(-1) for DA, 5-HT and NE, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Naccarato
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), I-87030 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Emanuela Gionfriddo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), I-87030 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sindona
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), I-87030 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Tagarelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), I-87030 Cosenza, Italy.
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11
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Szigyártó I, Szabó L, Simándi L. Kinetic studies on the manganese(II) complex catalyzed oxidation of epinephrine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Liu X, Yu Y, Gu H, Zhou T, Wang L, Mei B, Shi G. Simultaneous determination of monoamines in rat brain with Pt/MWCNTs@Pdop hybrid nanocomposite using capillary electrophoresis- amperometric detection. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:935-43. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process; East China Normal University; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process; East China Normal University; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Hui Gu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process; East China Normal University; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Tianshu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science; East China Normal University; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Lili Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics; East China Normal University; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Bing Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics; East China Normal University; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Guoyue Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process; East China Normal University; Shanghai; P. R. China
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13
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Wang X, Ma Y, Yao X, Wang J, Yin M. Determination of dopamine in rat less differentiated pheochromocytoma cells by capillary electrophoresis with a palladium nanoparticles microdisk electrode. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44481c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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14
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Ge SL, Wang H, Wang ZF, Cheng S, Wang QJ, He PG, Fang YZ. Sensitive measurement of polyols in urine by capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with amperometric detection using on-column complexation with borate. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 915-916:39-45. [PMID: 23328250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about human polyol metabolism, but recent studies indicate that abnormal polyol concentrations in body fluids are related to several diseases. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method for the determination of seven major polyols in urine including two groups of polyol isomers, C5-polyols (Rib+Arb+Xyl) and C6-polyols (Sor+Gal+Man), was developed using capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with amperometric detection (CZE-AD). The effects of the working electrode potential, pH, running buffer components and concentrations, separation voltage and injection times were investigated. Under the optimised conditions, seven types of polyols could be perfectly separated via the formation of anionic polyol-borate complexes in a borate buffer solution. Highly linear current responses to the polyol concentrations were obtained with good correlation (0.9984<R(2)<0.9997), and the limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 1.33×10(-6) to 5.8×10(-7) mol L(-1) (S/N=3). The proposed method has been successfully used to detect polyols in urinary samples from healthy subjects and diabetes patients, demonstrating accurate and reliable results. This method has potential applications in the recognition of inborn errors affecting polyol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-li Ge
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, PR China
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15
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Ge S, Wang H, Wang Z, Cheng S, Wang Q, He P, Fang Y. Simultaneous Determination of Neuroactive Amino Acids in Serum by CZE Coupled with Amperometric Detection. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Li T, Wang Z, Xie H, Fu Z. Highly sensitive trivalent copper chelate-luminol chemiluminescence system for capillary electrophoresis detection of epinephrine in the urine of smoker. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 911:1-5. [PMID: 23217298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Epinephrine (EP) is one of the most important neurotransmitters and hormones. Some previous literatures show that there is a close relation between its release and smoking. To compare the levels of EP in urines of smokers and nonsmokers, a sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) system, luminol-diperiodatocuprate (III) (K(5)[Cu(HIO(6))(2)], DPC), has been developed and validated for the determination of EP after CE separation. The DPC-luminol-EP CL reaction showed very intensive emission and fast kinetic characteristics, thus led to a high sensitivity in the flow-through detection mode for capillary electrophoresis. With the peak height as a quantitative parameter, the relative CL intensity was linear with the EP concentration in the range of 2.0-400ng/mL, with a limit of detection of 0.82ng/mL (S/N=3). The reproducibility was assessed by intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) for 11 replicate determinations of EP standard samples at low, medium and high concentrations. The intra- and inter-day RSDs for CL signals were 5.5%-6.6% and 6.1%-7.5%, respectively, and those for migration times were 3.4%-5.8% and 4.3%-6.3%, respectively. The presented method was successfully applied to the determination of EP in EP injection and urine samples of smokers and nonsmokers. The recovery test results for urine samples ranged from 86.5 to 112.0%, which demonstrated the reliability of this method. The results for urine sample detection indicate that the average level of EP in the urines of the smoker group is obviously higher than that in the urines of the nonsmoker group, which may demonstrate that smoking can stimulate the release of EP in human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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17
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Goyal RN, Rana ARS, Chasta H. Electrochemical and peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of epinephrine. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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18
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Zhao Y, Zhao S, Huang J, Ye F. Quantum dot-enhanced chemiluminescence detection for simultaneous determination of dopamine and epinephrine by capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 2011; 85:2650-4. [PMID: 21962697 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive method based on quantum dot (QD)-enhanced capillary electrophoresis-chemiluminescence (CE-CL) detection was developed for simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA) and epinephrine (E). In this work, CdTe QD was added into the running buffer of CE to catalyze the post-column CL reaction between luminol and hydrogen peroxide, achieving higher CL emission. Negative peaks were produced due to the inhibitory effects on CL emission from DA and E eluted from the electrophoretic capillary. The decrease in CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of DA and E in the range of 8.0 × 10(-8)-5.0 × 10(-6)M and 4.0 × 10(-8)-5.0 × 10(-6)M, respectively. Detection limits for DA and E were 2.3 × 10(-8)M and 9.3 × 10(-9)M, respectively. Using this method, the levels of DA and E in human urine from healthy donors were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsha Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
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19
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Diao P, Yuan H, Huo F, Chen L, Xiao D, Paau MC, Choi MMF. A simple and sensitive CE method for the simultaneous determination of catecholamines in urine with in-column optical fiber light-emitting diode-induced fluorescence detection. Talanta 2011; 85:1279-84. [PMID: 21807183 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive method has been developed for simultaneous analysis of three catecholamines: dopamine (DA), epinephrine (EP) and norepinephrine (NE) in urine by capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with in-column fiber-optic light-emitting diode-induced fluorescence detection (ICFO-LED-IFD). Fluorescein isothiocyanate was used as the fluorescence tagged reagent for derivatization of DA, EP and NE. The CE conditions for separation of these catecholamines were systematically investigated. It was found that catecholamines could be more effectively separated by adding β-cyclodextin (β-CD) and acetonitrile (ACN) to a background electrolyte (BGE) of sodium borate. The migration times are 10.61, 10.83 and 11.14 min for DA, EP and NE, respectively and the catecholamines are completely separated within 11.5 min under the optimal condition of a BGE containing 10% v/v ACN, 20 mM β-CD and 20 mM sodium borate (pH 9.5), and an applied voltage of 13 kV. The relative standard deviations of migration time and peak area for these catecholamines are less than 0.16 and 2.0%, respectively. The limit of quantifications (LOQs) for DA, EP and NE are 3.5, 1.0 and 3.1 nM whereas the limit of detections (LODs) for DA, EP and NE are 1.0, 0.3 and 0.9 nM, respectively. Our proposed CE method provides low LOQ and LOD values. This CE-ICFO-LED-IFD methodology has been successfully applied to analyze catecholamines in human urine samples with good accuracy and satisfactory recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Diao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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20
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Vitamin C Determination in Human Plasma Using an Electro-Activated Pencil Graphite Electrode. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-010-0003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Akyilmaz E, Turemis M, Yasa İ. Voltammetric determination of epinephrine by White rot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME446) cells based microbial biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:2590-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Felhofer JL, Blanes L, Garcia CD. Recent developments in instrumentation for capillary electrophoresis and microchip-capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:2469-86. [PMID: 20665910 PMCID: PMC2928674 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, there has been an explosion in the number of developments and applications of CE and microchip-CE. In part, this growth has been the direct consequence of recent developments in instrumentation associated with CE. This review, which is focused on the contributions published in the last 5 years, is intended to complement the articles presented in this special issue dedicated to instrumentation and to provide an overview of the general trends and some of the most remarkable developments published in the areas of high-voltage power supplies, detectors, auxiliary components, and compact systems. It also includes a few examples of alternative uses of and modifications to traditional CE instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Felhofer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States of America
| | - Lucas Blanes
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Carlos D. Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States of America
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Spermine-graft-dextran non-covalent copolymer as coating material in separation of basic proteins and neurotransmitters by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5130-6. [PMID: 20591436 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Spermine-graft-dextran (Spe-g-Dex) copolymer was synthesized and used as a non-covalent coating for the separation of proteins and neurotransmitters by capillary electrophoresis. The coating was obtained via flushing the capillary with 1.0% Spe-g-Dex copolymer solution for 2min. Electroosmotic flow (EOF) was strongly suppressed, ranging from -1.60x10(-9) to 3.65x10(-9)m(2)V(-1)s(-1). Effect of experimental conditions, such as the copolymer concentration, the concentration and pH of the background electrolyte (BGE), on the Spe-g-Dex coating was investigated. Separation of lysozyme, cytochrome c, ribonuclease A and alpha-chymotrypsinogen yielded high separation efficiencies ranging from 141000 to 303000plates/m and recoveries from 85.4% to 98.3% at pH 4.0 (284.0mM sodium acetate-acetic acid buffer, I=50mM). Run-to-run repeatabilities and day-to-day, and capillary-to-capillary reproducibilities were all below 1.7%. In addition, Spe-g-Dex coating allowed the successful separation of five neurotransmitters, 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, epinephrine, isoprenaline, dobuamine at pH 4.0 with high separation efficiencies of 290000-449000plates/m.
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24
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Dong S, Chi L, Yang Z, He P, Wang Q, Fang Y. Simultaneous determination of dihydroxybenzene and phenylenediamine positional isomers using capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with amperometric detection. J Sep Sci 2010; 32:3232-8. [PMID: 19697310 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In general capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separation models, o-, m-, and p-phenylenediamine isomers can be separated in a weak acidic running buffer for their pK(a) values being 4.52, 5.64, 6.04, respectively, while o-, m-, and p-dihydroxybenzene isomers can be separated in a weak basic buffer for their pK(a) values being 9.40, 9.40 and 10.04, respectively. So, it is hard to find a suitable running buffer at a fixed pH in normal CZE for simultaneous separation of these two groups of positional isomers. In this paper, a novel method based on alternately running two different pH buffers in CZE coupled with amperometric detection (CZE-AD) was designed to simultaneously determine these two groups of positional isomers. It is found that when two different pH running buffers were employed alternately under appropriate order and time, the six analytes could be separated perfectly in less than 20 min and the detection limits were as low as 10(-7) mol/L. Furthermore, the effects of working electrode potential, pH and concentration of running buffer, separation voltage and injection time on CZE-AD were investigated. Experimental results demonstrated that the introduced method was practical to simultaneously determine two groups of positional isomers with different pK(a) and had some advantages of high sensitivity, good repeatability and small sample requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Dong
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
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25
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Speciation analysis of thallium using electrothermal AAS following on-line pre-concentration in a microcolumn filled with multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Mikrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-009-0241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Simultaneous determination of flavonoids and phenolic acids in Chinese herbal tea by beta-cyclodextrin based capillary zone electrophoresis. Mikrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-009-0229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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27
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Perry M, Li Q, Kennedy RT. Review of recent advances in analytical techniques for the determination of neurotransmitters. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 653:1-22. [PMID: 19800472 PMCID: PMC2759352 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Methods and advances for monitoring neurotransmitters in vivo or for tissue analysis of neurotransmitters over the last five years are reviewed. The review is organized primarily by neurotransmitter type. Transmitter and related compounds may be monitored by either in vivo sampling coupled to analytical methods or implanted sensors. Sampling is primarily performed using microdialysis, but low-flow push-pull perfusion may offer advantages of spatial resolution while minimizing the tissue disruption associated with higher flow rates. Analytical techniques coupled to these sampling methods include liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, enzyme assays, sensors, and mass spectrometry. Methods for the detection of amino acid, monoamine, neuropeptide, acetylcholine, nucleoside, and soluble gas neurotransmitters have been developed and improved upon. Advances in the speed and sensitivity of these methods have enabled improvements in temporal resolution and increased the number of compounds detectable. Similar advances have enabled improved detection at tissue samples, with a substantial emphasis on single cell and other small samples. Sensors provide excellent temporal and spatial resolution for in vivo monitoring. Advances in application to catecholamines, indoleamines, and amino acids have been prominent. Improvements in stability, sensitivity, and selectivity of the sensors have been of paramount interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Perry
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
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28
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Electrochemical investigations of potassium ferricyanide and dopamine by sodium dodecyl sulphate modified carbon paste electrode: A cyclic voltammetric study. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Orive AG, Gimeno Y, Creus AH, Grumelli D, Vericat C, Benitez G, Salvarezza R. Electrochemical preparation of metal–melanin functionalized graphite surfaces. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Laine DF, Cheng IF. Electrochemical detection of the explosive, hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD). Microchem J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2008.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Analysis of hydrogen peroxide and an organic hydroperoxide via the electrocatalytic Fenton reaction. Microchem J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Electrochemical behaviors of amino acids at multiwall carbon nanotubes and Cu2O modified carbon paste electrode. Anal Biochem 2008; 381:199-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2008] [Revised: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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33
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Simultaneous determination of phenylenediamine isomers and dihydroxybenzene isomers in hair dyes by capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with amperometric detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:653-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2053-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Yao H, Sun Y, Lin X, Tang Y, Huang L. Electrochemical Oxidation and Determination of Norepinephrine in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid and Uric Acid at a Poly(Calconcarboxylic Acid)-Modified Electrode. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/adic.200790107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Dong S, Zhang S, Cheng X, He P, Wang Q, Fang Y. Simultaneous determination of sugars and ascorbic acid by capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection at a carbon paste electrode modified with polyethylene glycol and Cu2O. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1161:327-33. [PMID: 17574259 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a kind of novel carbon paste electrode modified with double modifiers-polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Cu(2)O (PEG/Cu(2)O CPME) in capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection (CZE-AD) was applied to simultaneously determine three sugars: glucose, sucrose, fructose and ascorbic acid (AA). The catalytic electrochemical properties of PEG/Cu(2)O CPME could enhance sensitivity obviously compared with carbon paste electrode modified with only PEG or Cu(2)O at a relatively lower detection potential (+0.3 V versus SCE). Especially, the electrochemical detection response of AA increased obviously to the same level of saccharides by adding PEG into the Cu(2)O carbon paste modified electrode. The four analytes could be perfectly separated within 22 min, the linear ranges were from 1.0 x 10 (-6) to 5.0 x 10(-5) mol L(-1) and the detection limits were at 10(-7) mol L(-1) magnitude (S/N=3). The present working electrode was successfully employed to analyse beverage samples with recoveries in the range 93-107% and RSDs less than 4%. Above results demonstrated that capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with the PEG/Cu(2)O carbon paste modified electrode was of convenient preparation, high sensitivity, good repeatability and could be used in the rapid determination of practical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Dong
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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36
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Kumbhat S, Shankaran DR, Kim SJ, Gobi KV, Joshi V, Miura N. Surface plasmon resonance biosensor for dopamine using D3 dopamine receptor as a biorecognition molecule. Biosens Bioelectron 2007; 23:421-7. [PMID: 17616385 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2007.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2006] [Revised: 04/10/2007] [Accepted: 05/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In modern biomedical technology, development of high performance sensing methods for dopamine (DA) is a critical issue because of its vital role in human metabolism. We report here, a new kind of bioaffinity sensor for DA based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) using a D(3) dopamine receptor (DA-RC) as a recognition element. A conjugate of DA was synthesized using bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein and was characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The biosensor surface was constructed by the immobilization of the DA-BSA conjugate onto an SPR gold surface by physical adsorption. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigations revealed that the DA-BSA conjugate was homogeneously distributed over the sensor surface. Specific interaction of the DA-RC with the immobilized DA-BSA conjugate was studied by SPR. Based on the principle of indirect competitive inhibition, the biosensor could detect DA in a linear dynamic range from 85 pg/ml (ppt) to 700 ng/ml (ppb). The biosensor was highly specific for DA and showed no significant interference from potent interferences such as ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA) and other DA analogues viz., 3,4 dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) and 3-(3,4 dihydroxyphenyl)-alanine (DOPA). The sensor surface displayed a high level of stability during repeated regeneration and affinity reaction cycles. Since this biosensor is simple, effective and is based on utilization of natural receptor, our study presents an encouraging scope for development of portable detection systems for in-vitro and in-vivo measurement of DA in clinical and medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Kumbhat
- Art, Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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37
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Wang AJ, Xu JJ, Chen HY. Enhanced Microchip Electrophoresis of Neurotransmitters on Glucose Oxidase Modified Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Microfluidic Devices. ELECTROANAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200603797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Ding Y, Ayon A, García CD. Electrochemical detection of phenolic compounds using cylindrical carbon-ink electrodes and microchip capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 584:244-51. [PMID: 17386611 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2006] [Revised: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple method to fabricate cylindrical carbon electrodes for use in capillary electrophoresis (CE) microchips is described. The electrodes were fabricated using a metallic wire coated with carbon ink. Several experimental variables were studied in order to establish the best conditions to fabricate the electrode. Finally, the electrodes were integrated in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchip and used for the analysis of phenolic compounds. Using the optimum conditions, the analysis of a mixture of dopamine, epinephrine, catechol, and 4-aminophenol was achieved in less than 240 s, showing good linear responses (R(2)=0.999) in the 0.1-190 microM range, and limits of detection (without the use of stacking or a decoupler) of 140 and 105 nM for dopamine and epinephrine, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
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39
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Lin X, Li W, Yao H, Sun Y, Huang L, Zheng Y. Electrocatalytic Response and Determination of Noradrenaline in the Presence of L-Ascorbic and Uric Acids with Poly(Eriochrome Black T)-Modified Electrode. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20071177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A poly(Eriochrome Black T) chemically modified glassy carbon electrode modified with Eriochrome Black T was prepared by cyclic voltammetry. The modified electrode showed an excellent electrocatalytic activity in oxidation of noradrenaline (NA) and could separate its electrochemical responses from those of L-ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA). Differences of the oxidation peak potentials for NA-AA and UA-NA were about 150 mV. The responses to NA, AA and UA of the modified electrode are relatively independent. Using differential pulse voltammetry, the peak currents of NA at modified glassy carbon electrode increased linearly with the concentration of NA from 0.5 to 100 μmol l-1. The detection limit was 0.2 μmol l-1. With the modified electrode, UA could be selectively determined in the presence of AA. The method showing a wide linear dynamic range and excellent sensitivity was successfully applied to the determination of NA in pharmaceutical injections and various samples.
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40
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Xu X, Li L, Weber SG. Electrochemical and optical detectors for capillary and chip separations. Trends Analyt Chem 2007; 26:68-79. [PMID: 18167508 PMCID: PMC1832263 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2006.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In separations in capillaries or on chips, the most predominant detectors outside of the field of proteomics are electrochemical (EC) and optical. These detectors operate in the μM to pM range on nL peak volumes with ms time resolution. The driving forces for improvement are different for the two classes of detectors.With EC detectors, there are two limitations that the field is trying to overcome. One is the ever-present surface of the electrode which, while often advantageous for its catalytic or adsorptive properties, is also frequently responsible for changes in sensitivity over time. The other is the decoupling of the electrical systems that operate electrokinetic separations from the system operating the detector.With optical detectors, there are similarly a small number of important limitations. One is the need to bring the portability (size, weight and power requirements) of the detection system into the range of EC detectors. The other is broadening and simplifying the applications of fluorescence detection, as it almost always involves derivatization.Limitations aside, the ability to make detector electrodes and focused laser beams of the order of 1 μm in size, and the rapid time response of both detectors has vaulted capillary and chip separations to the forefront of small sample, fast, low mass-detection limit analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA USA
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA USA
| | - Stephen G. Weber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA USA
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41
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Wang HS, Li TH, Jia WL, Xu HY. Highly selective and sensitive determination of dopamine using a Nafion/carbon nanotubes coated poly(3-methylthiophene) modified electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2006; 22:664-9. [PMID: 16621509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2006.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2005] [Revised: 12/12/2005] [Accepted: 02/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A poly(3-methylthiophene) modified glassy carbon electrode coated with Nafion/single-walled carbon nanotubes film was fabricated and used for highly selective and sensitive determination of dopamine. The hybrid film surface of the modified electrode was characterized by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and the results indicated that the carbon nanotubes were dispersed uniformly on the conductive polymer. The experimental results suggest that the hybrid film modified electrode combining the advantages of poly(3-methylthiophene), carbon nanotubes with Nafion exhibits dramatic electrocatalytic effect on the oxidation of dopamine (DA) and results in a marked enhancement of the current response. In 0.1M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0, the differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) peak heights are linear with DA concentration in three intervals, viz. 0.020-0.10 microM, 0.10-1.0 microM and 1.0-6.0 microM, with correlation coefficients of 0.9993, 0.9996 and 0.9993, respectively. The detection limit of 5.0 nM DA could be estimated (S/N=3). Moreover, the interferences of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UC) are effectively diminished. This hybrid film modified electrode can be applied to the determination of DA contents in dopamine hydrochloride injection and human serum. These attractive features provide a potential application for either in vitro measurement of DA in the presence of excess AA and UA or as detectors in flow injection analysis (FIA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Sheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Cultural Road 34, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
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42
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Lin CE, Cheng HT, Fang IJ, Liu YC, Kuo CM, Lin WY, Lin CH. Strategies for enantioseparations of catecholamines and structurally related compounds by capillary zone electrophoresis using sulfated β-cyclodextrins as chiral selectors. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:3443-51. [PMID: 16944458 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Strategies for simultaneous enantioseparations of three catecholamines (DL-norepinephrine, DL-epinephrine, and DL-isoproterenol) and three structurally related compounds (DL-octopamine, DL-synephrine, and DL-norephedrine) by CZE using sulfated beta-CDs as chiral selectors were investigated. Four different separation modes were attempted: (I) using randomly sulfate-substituted beta-CD (MI-S-beta-CD) at relatively low concentrations in a high-concentration phosphate buffer at low pH in the normal polarity mode, (II) using MI-S-beta-CD at high concentrations at low pH in the reversed polarity mode, (III) using MI-S-beta-CD at moderately high concentrations in a phosphate buffer at neutral pH in the normal polarity mode, and (IV) using the single isomer heptakis(2,3-dihydroxy-6-O-sulfo)-beta-CD (SI-S-beta-CD) at low to moderately high concentrations in a high-concentration BGE at low pH in the normal polarity mode. Among them, enantioseparation of these cationic solutes was best achieved under the conditions of mode (II). In mode (II) and mode (III), temperature is an important factor affecting the enantioresolution of norepinephrine. In mode (I) and mode (IV), the use of a high-concentration BGE (150-200 mM) is crucial for effective enantioseparation of these cationic solutes with sulfated beta-CDs. Comparative studies of enantioseparations of these cationic solutes with MI-S-beta-CD and SI-S-beta-CD reveal that the sulfate substituents of MI-S-beta-CD located at the C(2)- position interact strongly with the diol moiety of catecholamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Erh Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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43
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Tsunoda M. Recent advances in methods for the analysis of catecholamines and their metabolites. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 386:506-14. [PMID: 16924378 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Revised: 05/05/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Catecholamines, for example epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, are widely distributed and are important neurotransmitters and hormones in mammalian species. Several methods have been developed for analysis of catecholamines and related compounds. Determination of catecholamines in biological fluids has enabled us to clarify the physiological role played by these amines. Catecholamine levels in plasma and/or urine are also useful for diagnosis of several diseases, for example hypertension, pheochromocytoma, and neuroblastoma. This review covers reports from 2000 to the present of methods for the analysis of catecholamines and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Tsunoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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44
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Sodium dodecyl sulfate-modified carbon paste electrodes for selective determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid. Bioelectrochemistry 2006; 70:408-15. [PMID: 16843072 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2006.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2006] [Revised: 04/05/2006] [Accepted: 05/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified by a monolayer film of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used for detection of dopamine (DA). Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated improved response of the DA sensor. This suggests the effectivity of surface modification of CPE by SDS. Impedance spectroscopy was used for the characterization of CPE surface properties. The effect of SDS concentration on the electrode quality also reveals that SDS formed a monolayer on CPE surface with a high density of negative-charged end directed outside the electrode. As a result, the carbon paste electrode modified with SDS (SDS/CPE) exerted discrimination against ascorbic acid in physiological circumstance. Thus, it can selectively determine dopamine even in the presence of 220-fold AA combined with differential pulse stripping voltammetry. In pH 7.40 phosphate buffer solution, the oxidation peak current on differential pulse voltammograms increases linearly with the concentration of DA in the range of 5.0 x 10(-7) to 8.0 x 10(-4) mol . L(-1) with a detection limit of 5.0 x 10(-8) mol . L(-1). Satisfying results are achieved when detecting the DA in injection and simulated biology sample.
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45
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Kumbhat S, Shankaran DR, Kim SJ, Gobi KV, Joshi V, Miura N. A Novel Receptor-based Surface-plasmon-resonance Affinity Biosensor for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Dopamine. CHEM LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2006.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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46
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Ding Y, Garcia CD. Pulsed amperometric detection with poly(dimethylsiloxane)-fabricated capillary electrophoresis microchips for the determination of EPA priority pollutants. Analyst 2006; 131:208-14. [PMID: 16440084 DOI: 10.1039/b509405d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A miniaturized analytical system for separation and detection of three EPA priority phenolic pollutants, based on a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-fabricated capillary electrophoresis microchip and pulsed amperometric detection is described. The approach offers a rapid (less than 2 min), simultaneous measurement of three phenolic pollutants: phenol, 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol and pentachlorophenol. The highly stable response (RSD = 6.1%) observed for repetitive injections (n > 100) reflects the effectiveness of Au working electrode cleaned by pulsed amperometric detection. The effect of solution conditions, separation potential and detection waveform were optimized for both the separation and detection of phenols. Under the optimum conditions (5.0 mM phosphate buffer pH = 12.4, detection potential: 0.7 V, separation potential: 1200 V, injection time: 10 s) the baseline separation of the three selected compounds was achieved. Limits of detection of 2.2 microM (2.8 fmol), 0.9 microM (1.1 fmol), and 1.3 microM (1.6 fmol) were achieved for phenol, 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol and pentachlorophenol, respectively. A local city water sample and two over-the-counter sore-throat medicines were analyzed in order to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed technique to face real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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Johirul M, Shiddiky A, Kim RE, Shim YB. Microchip capillary electrophoresis with a cellulose-DNA-modified screen-printed electrode for the analysis of neurotransmitters. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:3043-52. [PMID: 15995981 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200410438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A microfluidic chip based on capillary electrophoresis coupled with a cellulose-single-stranded DNA (cellulose-ssDNA) modified electrode was used for the simultaneous analysis of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and ascorbic acid (AA). The modification of the electrode improved the electrophoretic analysis performance by lowering the detection potential and enhancing the signal-to-noise characteristic without surface poisoning of the electrode. The sensitivity of the modified electrode was about 12 times higher than those of the bare ones. The test compounds were separated using a 62 mm long separation channel at the separation field strength of +200 V/cm within 220 s in a 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The most favorable potential for the amperometric detection was 0.7 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). A reproducible response (relative standard deviation of 1.3, 1.3, 2.1, 3.1, 3.4% for DA, NE, L-DOPA, DOPAC, and AA, respectively, for n = 9) for repetitive sample injections reflected the negligible electrode fouling at the cellulose-ssDNA modified electrode. Square-wave voltammetric analyses reflected the sensitivities of the modified electrode for DA, NE, L-DOPA, DOPAC, and AA which were 1.78, 0.82, 0.69, 2.45, and 1.23 nC/microM with detection limits of 0.032, 0.93, 1.13, 0.31, and 0.62 microM, respectively. The applicability of this microsystem to real sample analysis was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Johirul
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative BioPhysio Sensor Technology, Pusan National University, Keumjeong-ku, Busan, South Korea
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