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Carpa R, Remizovschi A, Culda CA, Butiuc-Keul AL. Inherent and Composite Hydrogels as Promising Materials to Limit Antimicrobial Resistance. Gels 2022; 8:70. [PMID: 35200452 PMCID: PMC8870943 DOI: 10.3390/gels8020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has increased significantly in the recent years, and has become a global problem for human health and the environment. As a result, several technologies for the controlling of health-care associated infections have been developed over the years. Thus, the most recent findings in hydrogel fabrication, particularly antimicrobial hydrogels, could offer valuable solutions for these biomedical challenges. In this review, we discuss the most promising strategies in the development of antimicrobial hydrogels and the application of hydrogels in the treatment of microbial infections. The latest advances in the development of inherently and composite antimicrobial hydrogels will be discussed, as well as hydrogels as carriers of antimicrobials, with a focus on antibiotics, metal nanoparticles, antimicrobial peptides, and biological extracts. The emergence of CRISR-Cas9 technology for removing the antimicrobial resistance has led the necessity of new and performant carriers for delivery of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Different delivery systems, such as composite hydrogels and many types of nanoparticles, attracted a great deal of attention and will be also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahela Carpa
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (A.L.B.-K.)
- Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babeş-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexei Remizovschi
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (A.L.B.-K.)
- Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babeş-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carla Andreea Culda
- Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Anca Livia Butiuc-Keul
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (A.L.B.-K.)
- Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babeş-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Carmona-Orozco ML, Panay AJ. Immobilization of E. coli expressing Bacillus pumilus CynD in three organic polymer matrices. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5401-5410. [PMID: 31065754 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cyanide is toxic to most living organisms. The toxicity of cyanide derives from its ability to inhibit the enzyme cytochrome C oxidase of the electronic transport chain. Despite its high toxicity, several industrial processes rely on the use of cyanide, and considerable amounts of industrial waste must be adequately treated before discharge. Biological treatments for the decontamination of cyanide waste include the use of microorganisms and enzymes. Regarding the use of enzymes, cyanide dihydratase (CynD), which catalyzes the conversion of cyanide into ammonia and formate, is an attractive candidate. Nevertheless, the main impediment to the effective use of this enzyme for the biodegradation of cyanide is the marked intolerance to the alkaline pH at which cyanide waste is kept. In this work, we explore the operational capabilities of whole E. coli cells overexpressing Bacillus pumilus CynD immobilized in three organic polymer matrices: chitosan, polyacrylamide, and agar. Remarkably, the immobilized cells on agar and polyacrylamide retained more than 80% activity even at pH 10 and displayed high reusability. Conversely, the cells immobilized on chitosan were not active. Finally, the suitability of the active complexes for the degradation of free cyanide from a solution derived from the gold processing industry was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aram J Panay
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad Icesi, Calle 18 No 122-135, Cali, Colombia.
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Xin Y, Wang G, Han W, Shen Y, Uyama H. An ideal enzyme immobilization carrier: a hierarchically porous cellulose monolith fabricated by phase separation method. PURE APPL CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2017-0710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cellulose monolith with a hierarchically porous morphology was utilized as a novel solid support for enzyme immobilization. After a series of modifications, succinimidyl carbonate (SC)-activated cellulose monolith (SCCL monolith) was obtained and it was employed to immobilize a model enzyme (horseradish peroxidase, HRP) through covalent bonding. The HRP immobilization capacity on SCCL monolith was calculated as 21.0 mg/g. The thermal stability measurement illustrated that the immobilized HRP exhibited a largely improved thermal resistance compared to its free counterpart. The reusability of the immobilized HRP was investigated, and it could be reused at least 10 cycles without significant activity loss. Therefore, cellulose monolith is found to be an ideal solid support for enzyme immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanrong Xin
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Suita 565-0871 , Japan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Suita 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Wenjuan Han
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Suita 565-0871 , Japan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
| | - Yehua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University , Xi’an 710127, Shaanxi Province , China
| | - Hiroshi Uyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Suita 565-0871 , Japan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University , Xi’an 710127, Shaanxi Province , China , Tel.: +81-6-6879-7364, Fax: +81-6-6879-7367
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Vaghela C, Kulkarni M, Haram S, Aiyer R, Karve M. A novel inhibition based biosensor using urease nanoconjugate entrapped biocomposite membrane for potentiometric glyphosate detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:32-40. [PMID: 29174355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A potentiometric biosensor based on agarose-guar gum (A-G) entrapped bio-nanoconjugate of urease with gold nanoparticles (AUNps), has been reported for the first time for glyphosate detection. The biosensor is based on inhibition of urease activity by glyphosate, which was measured by direct potentiometry using ammonium ion selective electrode covered with A-G-urease nanoconjugate membrane. TEM and FTIR analysis revealed nanoconjugate formation and its immobilization in A-G matrix respectively. The composite biopolymer employed for immobilization yields thin, transparent, flexible membrane having superior mechanical strength and stability. It retains the maximum activity (92%) of urease with negligible leaching. The conjugation of urease with AUNps allows improvement in response characteristics for potentiometric measurement. The biosensor shows a linear response in the glyphosate concentration range from 0.5ppm-50ppm, with limit of detection at 0.5ppm, which covers maximum residual limit set by WHO for drinking water. The inhibition of catalytic activity of urease nanoconjugate by gyphosate was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The response of fabricated biosensor is selective towards glyphosate as against various other pesticides. The biosensor exhibits good performance in terms of reproducibility and prolonged storage stability of 180days. Thus, the present biosensor provides an alternative method for simple, selective and cost effective detection of glyphosate based on urease inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetana Vaghela
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Mohan Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Santosh Haram
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Rohini Aiyer
- Center for Sensor Studies, Department of Electronic Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Meena Karve
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhid Road, Pune, 411007, India.
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Cabral BV, Santos LD, Santana Falleiros LNS, Carmo TS, Freitas FF, Cardoso SL, Resende MM, Ribeiro EJ. Sucrose hydrolysis by invertase immobilized on Duolite A-568 employing a packed-bed reactor. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2017.1336089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Vieira Cabral
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Taciana S. Carmo
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Saulo Luiz Cardoso
- Department of Chemical Systems Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Miriam M. Resende
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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Kestwal RM, Bagal-Kestwal D, Chiang BH. Fenugreek hydrogel–agarose composite entrapped gold nanoparticles for acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 886:143-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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7
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Krzyczmonik P, Socha E, Skrzypek S. Immobilization of glucose oxidase on modified electrodes with composite layers based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 101:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Singh V, Singh D. Glucose Oxidase Immobilization on Guar Gum–Gelatin Dual-Templated Silica Hybrid Xerogel. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie402341c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Mouelhi R, Abidi F, Galai S, Marzouki MN. Immobilized Sclerotinia sclerotiorum invertase to produce invert sugar syrup from industrial beet molasses by product. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 30:1063-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Yildiz HB, Kamaci M, Azak H, Secgin O, Suer O. A comparative study: Immobilization of yeast cells and invertase in poly(ethyleneoxide) electrodes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Datta S, Christena LR, Rajaram YRS. Enzyme immobilization: an overview on techniques and support materials. 3 Biotech 2013; 3:1-9. [PMID: 28324347 PMCID: PMC3563746 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-012-0071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 564] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current demands of the world’s biotechnological industries are enhancement in enzyme productivity and development of novel techniques for increasing their shelf life. These requirements are inevitable to facilitate large-scale and economic formulation. Enzyme immobilization provides an excellent base for increasing availability of enzyme to the substrate with greater turnover over a considerable period of time. Several natural and synthetic supports have been assessed for their efficiency for enzyme immobilization. Nowadays, immobilized enzymes are preferred over their free counterpart due to their prolonged availability that curtails redundant downstream and purification processes. Future investigations should endeavor at adopting logistic and sensible entrapment techniques along with innovatively modified supports to improve the state of enzyme immobilization and provide new perspectives to the industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Datta
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmuga Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - L Rene Christena
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmuga Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Yamuna Rani Sriramulu Rajaram
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmuga Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India
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Cadena PG, Wiggers FN, Silva RA, Lima Filho JL, Pimentel MCB. Kinetics and bioreactor studies of immobilized invertase on polyurethane rigid adhesive foam. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:513-518. [PMID: 20875737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new support, polyurethane rigid adhesive foam (PRAF), which can be used to cover internal surface of metallic tubes, was used to immobilize invertase for application in an enzymatic bioreactor. The kinetic parameters were: Km--46.5±1.9 mM (PRAF-invertase) and 61.2±0.1 mM (free enzyme) and Vmax 42.0±4.3 U/mg protein/min (PRAF-invertase) and 445.3±24.0 U/mg protein/min (free invertase). The PRAF-invertase derivative maintained 50.1% of initial activity (69.17 U/g support) for 8 months (4°C) and was not observed microbial contamination. The bioreactor showed the best production of inverted sugar syrup using up-flow rate (0.48 L/h) with average conversion of 10.64±1.5% h(-1) at feeding rate (D) of 104 h(-1). The operational inactivation rate constant (kopi) and half-life were 1.92×10(-4) min(-1) and 60 h (continue use). The PRAF spray support looks promising as a new alternative to produce immobilized derivatives on reactor surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabyton G Cadena
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, 50780-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Monier M, Wei Y, Sarhan A. Evaluation of the potential of polymeric carriers based on photo-crosslinkable chitosan in the formulation of lipase from Candida rugosa immobilization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase on modified chitosan beads. Int J Biol Macromol 2010; 46:324-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Szymańska K, Bryjak J, Jarzębski AB. Immobilization of Invertase on Mesoporous Silicas to Obtain Hyper Active Biocatalysts. Top Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-009-9261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Fabrication of photometric dip-strip test systems for detection of β(1→3)-d-glucan using crude β(1→3)-d-glucanase from sprouts of Vigna aconitifolia. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:2566-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2008] [Revised: 01/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bagal-Kestwal D, Karve MS, Kakade B, Pillai VK. Invertase inhibition based electrochemical sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in aqueous system: Application of ultra-microelectrode to enhance sucrose biosensor's sensitivity. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 24:657-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Development of a d-amino acids electrochemical sensor based on immobilization of thermostable d-Proline dehydrogenase within agar gel membrane. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 619:215-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Revised: 04/26/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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ALTINOK HAYDAR, AKSOY SERPIL, TÜMTÜRK HAYRETTIN, HASIRCI NESRIN. COVALENT IMMOBILIZATION OF INVERTASE ON CHEMICALLY ACTIVATED POLY (STYRENE-2-HYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE) MICROBEADS. J Food Biochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2008.00156.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Tembe S, Kubal B, Karve M, D'Souza S. Glutaraldehyde activated eggshell membrane for immobilization of tyrosinase from Amorphophallus companulatus: Application in construction of electrochemical biosensor for dopamine. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 612:212-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2007] [Revised: 10/25/2007] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Optimization of invertase immobilization by adsorption in ionic exchange resin for sucrose hydrolysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2007.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Immobilization of invertase on a conducting polymer of 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2,5-di(2-thienyl)-1H-pyrrole. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2007.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bagal DS, Vijayan A, Aiyer RC, Karekar RN, Karve MS. Fabrication of sucrose biosensor based on single mode planar optical waveguide using co-immobilized plant invertase and GOD. Biosens Bioelectron 2007; 22:3072-9. [PMID: 17314040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2006] [Revised: 12/22/2006] [Accepted: 01/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In present studies, the new optical sensing platform based on optical planar waveguide (OPWG) for sucrose estimation was reported. An evanescent-wave biosensor was designed by using novel agarose-guar gum (AG) biopolymer composite sol-gel with entrapped enzymes (acid invertase (INV) and glucose oxidase (GOD)). Partially purified watermelon invertase isolated from Citrullus vulgaris fruit (specific activity 832 units mg(-1)) in combination with GOD was physically entrapped in AG sol-gel and cladded on the surface of optical planar waveguide. Na(+)-K(+) ion-exchanged glass optical waveguides were prepared and employed for the fabrication of sucrose biosensor. By addressing the enzyme modified waveguide structure with, the optogeometric properties of adsorbed enzyme layer (12 microm) at the sensor solid-liquid interface were studied. The OPWG sensor with short response time (110 s) was characterized using the 0.2M acetate buffer, pH 5.5. The fabricated sucrose sensor showed concentration dependent linear response in the range 1 x 10(-10) to 1 x 10(-6)M of sucrose. Lower limit of detection of this novel AG-INV-GOD cladded OPWG sensor was found to be 2.5 x 10(-11)M sucrose, which indicates that the developed biosensor has higher sensitivity towards sucrose as compared to earlier reported sensors using various transducer systems. Biochips when stored at room temperature, showed high stability for 81 days with 80% retention of original sensitivity. These sucrose sensing biochips showed good operational efficiency for 10 cycles. The proper confinement of acid invertase and glucose oxidase in hydrogel composite was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The constructed OPWG sensor is versatile, easy to fabricate and can be used for sucrose measurements with very high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipali S Bagal
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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