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Xu W, Zhang X, Ni D, Zhang W, Guang C, Mu W. A review of fructosyl-transferases from catalytic characteristics and structural features to reaction mechanisms and product specificity. Food Chem 2024; 440:138250. [PMID: 38154282 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-active enzymes are accountable for the synthesis and degradation of glycosidic bonds among diverse carbohydrates. Fructosyl-transferases represent a subclass of these enzymes, employing sucrose as a substrate to generate fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and fructan polymers. This category primarily includes levansucrase (LS, EC 2.4.1.10), inulosucrase (IS, EC 2.4.1.9), and β-fructofuranosidase (Ffase, EC 3.2.1.26). These three enzymes possess a similar five-bladed β-propeller fold and employ an anomer-retaining reaction mechanism mediated by nucleophiles, transition state stabilizers, and general acids/bases. However, they exhibit distinct product profiles, characterized by variations in linkage specificity and molecular mass distribution. Consequently, this article comprehensively explores recent advancements in the catalytic characteristics, structural features, reaction mechanisms, and product specificity of levansucrase, inulosucrase, and β-fructofuranosidase (abbreviated as LS, IS, and Ffase, respectively). Furthermore, it discusses the potential for modifying catalytic properties and product specificity through structure-based design, which enables the rational production of custom fructan and FOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cuie Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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2
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Sava I, Davis LJ, Gray SR, Bright NA, Luzio JP. Reversible assembly and disassembly of V-ATPase during the lysosome regeneration cycle. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar63. [PMID: 38446621 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-08-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulation of the luminal pH of late endocytic compartments in continuously fed mammalian cells is poorly understood. Using normal rat kidney fibroblasts, we investigated the reversible assembly/disassembly of the proton pumping V-ATPase when endolysosomes are formed by kissing and fusion of late endosomes with lysosomes and during the subsequent reformation of lysosomes. We took advantage of previous work showing that sucrosomes formed by the uptake of sucrose are swollen endolysosomes from which lysosomes are reformed after uptake of invertase. Using confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation of NRK cells stably expressing fluorescently tagged proteins, we found net recruitment of the V1 subcomplex during sucrosome formation and loss during lysosome reformation, with a similar time course to RAB7a loss. Addition of invertase did not alter mTORC1 signalling, suggesting that the regulation of reversible V-ATPase assembly/disassembly in continuously fed cells differs from that in cells subject to amino acid depletion/refeeding. Using live cell microscopy, we demonstrated recruitment of a fluorescently tagged V1 subunit during endolysosome formation and a dynamic equilibrium and rapid exchange between the cytosolic and membrane bound pools of this subunit. We conclude that reversible V-ATPase assembly/disassembly plays a key role in regulating endolysosomal/lysosomal pH in continuously fed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Sava
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Luther J Davis
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Sally R Gray
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Nicholas A Bright
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - J Paul Luzio
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
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Dobrange E, Porras-Domínguez JR, Van den Ende W. The Complex GH32 Enzyme Orchestra from Priestia megaterium Holds the Key to Better Discriminate Sucrose-6-phosphate Hydrolases from Other β-Fructofuranosidases in Bacteria. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:1302-1320. [PMID: 38175162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Inulin is widely used as a prebiotic and emerging as a priming compound to counteract plant diseases. We isolated inulin-degrading strains from the lettuce phyllosphere, identified as Bacillus subtilis and Priestia megaterium, species hosting well-known biocontrol organisms. To better understand their varying inulin degradation strategies, three intracellular β-fructofuranosidases from P. megaterium NBRC15308 were characterized after expression in Escherichia coli: a predicted sucrose-6-phosphate (Suc6P) hydrolase (SacAP1, supported by molecular docking), an exofructanase (SacAP2), and an invertase (SacAP3). Based on protein multiple sequence and structure alignments of bacterial glycoside hydrolase family 32 enzymes, we identified conserved residues predicted to be involved in binding phosphorylated (Suc6P hydrolases) or nonphosphorylated substrates (invertases and fructanases). Suc6P hydrolases feature positively charged residues near the structural catalytic pocket (histidine, arginine, or lysine), whereas other β-fructofuranosidases contain tryptophans. This correlates with our phylogenetic tree, grouping all predicted Suc6P hydrolases in a clan associated with genomic regions coding for transporters involved in substrate phosphorylation. These results will help to discriminate between Suc6P hydrolases and other β-fructofuranosidases in future studies and to better understand the interaction of B. subtilis and P. megaterium endophytes with sucrose and/or fructans, sugars naturally present in plants or exogenously applied in the context of defense priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Dobrange
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | | | - Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Leuven 3001, Belgium
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Song C, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Manzoor MA, Deng H, Han B. The potential roles of acid invertase family in Dendrobium huoshanense: Identification, evolution, and expression analyses under abiotic stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127599. [PMID: 37871722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium huoshanense, a traditional Chinese medicine prized for its horticultural and medicinal properties, thrives in an unfavorable climate and is exposed to several adverse environmental conditions. Acid invertase (AINV), a widely distributed enzyme that has been demonstrated to play a significant role in response to environmental stresses. However, the identification of the AINV gene family in D. huoshanense, the collinearity between relative species, and the expression pattern under external stress have yet to be resolved. We systematically retrieved the D. huoshanense genome and screened out four DhAINV genes, which were further classified into two subfamilies by the phylogenetic analysis. The evolutionary history of AINV genes in D. huoshanense was uncovered by comparative genomics investigations. The subcellular localization predicted that the DhVINV genes may be located in the vacuole, while the DhCWINV genes may be located in the cell wall. The exon/intron structures and conserved motifs of DhAINV genes were found to be highly conserved in two subclades. The conserved amino acids and catalytic motifs in DhAINV proteins were determined to be critical to their function. Notably, the cis-acting elements in all DhAINV genes were mainly relevant to abiotic stresses and light response. In addition, the expression profile coupled with qRT-PCR revealed the typical expression patterns of DhAINV in response to diverse abiotic stresses. Our findings could be beneficial to the characterization and further investigation of AINV functions in Dendrobium plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Song
- Anhui Dabieshan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Luan 237012, China.
| | - Yingyu Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Wenwu Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Muhammad Aamir Manzoor
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201109, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Anhui Dabieshan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Luan 237012, China
| | - Bangxing Han
- Anhui Dabieshan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Luan 237012, China.
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Khan MA, Liu DH, Alam SM, Zaman F, Luo Y, Han H, Ateeq M, Liu YZ. Molecular physiology for the increase of soluble sugar accumulation in citrus fruits under drought stress. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 203:108056. [PMID: 37783072 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism for drought promoting soluble sugar accumulation will be conducive to the enhancement of citrus fruit quality as well as stress tolerance. Fruit sucrose mainly derives from source leaves. Its accumulation in citrus fruit cell vacuole involves in two processes of unloading in the fruit segment membrane (SM) and translocating to the vacuole of fruit juice sacs (JS). Here, transcript levels of 47 sugar metabolism- and transport-related genes were compared in fruit SM or JS between drought and control treatments. Results indicated that transcript levels of cell wall invertase genes (CwINV2/6) and sucrose synthase genes (SUS2/6) in the SM were significantly increased by the drought. Moreover, transcript levels of SWEET genes (CsSWEET1/2/4/5/9) and monosaccharide transporter gene (CsPMT3) were significantly increased in SM under drought treatment. On the other hand, SUS1/3 and vacuolar invertase (VINV) transcript levels were significantly increased in JS by drought; CsPMT4, sucrose transporter gene 2 (CsSUT2), tonoplast monosaccharide transporter gene 2 (CsTMT2), sugar transport protein gene 1 (CsSTP1), two citrus type I V-PPase genes (CsVPP1, and CsVPP2) were also significantly increased in drought treated JS. Collectively, the imposition of drought stress resulted in more soluble sugar accumulation through enhancing sucrose download by enhancing sink strength- and transport ability-related genes, such as CwINV2/6, SUS2/6, CsSWEET1/2/4/5/9, and CsPMT3, in fruit SM, and soluble sugar storage ability by increasing transcript levels of genes, such as CsPMT4, VINV, CsSUT2, CsTMT2, CsSTP1, CsVPP1, and CsVPP2, in fruit JS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas Khan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Dong-Hai Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Shariq Mahmood Alam
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Fatima Zaman
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Yin Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Han Han
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Muhammad Ateeq
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong-Zhong Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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Wan H, Zhang Y, Wu L, Zhou G, Pan L, Fernie AR, Ruan YL. Evolution of cytosolic and organellar invertases empowered the colonization and thriving of land plants. Plant Physiol 2023; 193:1227-1243. [PMID: 37429000 PMCID: PMC10661998 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The molecular innovation underpinning efficient carbon and energy metabolism during evolution of land plants remains largely unknown. Invertase-mediated sucrose cleavage into hexoses is central to fuel growth. Why some cytoplasmic invertases (CINs) function in the cytosol, whereas others operate in chloroplasts and mitochondria, is puzzling. We attempted to shed light on this question from an evolutionary perspective. Our analyses indicated that plant CINs originated from a putatively orthologous ancestral gene in cyanobacteria and formed the plastidic CIN (α1 clade) through endosymbiotic gene transfer, while its duplication in algae with a loss of its signal peptide produced the β clade CINs in the cytosol. The mitochondrial CINs (α2) were derived from duplication of the plastidic CINs and coevolved with vascular plants. Importantly, the copy number of mitochondrial and plastidic CINs increased upon the emergence of seed plants, corresponding with the rise of respiratory, photosynthetic, and growth rates. The cytosolic CIN (β subfamily) kept expanding from algae to gymnosperm, indicating its role in supporting the increase in carbon use efficiency during evolution. Affinity purification mass spectrometry identified a cohort of proteins interacting with α1 and 2 CINs, which points to their roles in plastid and mitochondrial glycolysis, oxidative stress tolerance, and the maintenance of subcellular sugar homeostasis. Collectively, the findings indicate evolutionary roles of α1 and α2 CINs in chloroplasts and mitochondria for achieving high photosynthetic and respiratory rates, respectively, which, together with the expanding of cytosolic CINs, likely underpin the colonization of land plants through fueling rapid growth and biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Limin Wu
- Food and Agriculture, CSIRO, ACT, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Guozhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Luzhao Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Yong-Ling Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Meelua W, Wanjai T, Thinkumrob N, Friedman R, Jitonnom J. Multiscale QM/MM Simulations Identify the Roles of Asp239 and 1-OH···Nucleophile in Transition State Stabilization in Arabidopsis thaliana Cell-Wall Invertase 1. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:4827-4838. [PMID: 37503869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana cell-wall invertase 1 (AtCWIN1), a key enzyme in sucrose metabolism in plants, catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into fructose and glucose. AtCWIN1 belongs to the glycoside hydrolase GH-J clan, where two carboxylate residues (Asp23 and Glu203 in AtCWIN1) are well documented as a nucleophile and an acid/base catalyst. However, details at the atomic level about the role of neighboring residues and enzyme-substrate interactions during catalysis are not fully understood. Here, quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) free-energy simulations were carried out to clarify the origin of the observed decreased rates in Asp239Ala, Asp239Asn, and Asp239Phe in AtCWIN1 compared to the wild type and delineate the role of Asp239 in catalysis. The glycosylation and deglycosylation steps were considered in both wild type and mutants. Deglycosylation is predicted to be the rate-determining step in the reaction, with a calculated overall free-energy barrier of 15.9 kcal/mol, consistent with the experimental barrier (15.3 kcal/mol). During the reaction, the -1 furanosyl ring underwent a conformational change corresponding to 3E ↔ [E2]⧧ ↔ 1E according to the nomenclature of saccharide structures along the full catalytic reaction. Asp239 was found to stabilize not only the transition state but also the fructosyl-enzyme intermediate, which explains findings from previous structural and mutagenesis experiments. The 1-OH···nucleophile interaction has been found to provide an important contribution to the transition state stabilization, with a contribution of ∼7 kcal/mol, and affected glycosylation more significantly than deglycosylation. This study provides molecular insights that improve the current understanding of sucrose binding and hydrolysis in members of clan GH-J, which may benefit protein engineering research. Finally, a rationale on the sucrose inhibitor configuration in chicory 1-FEH IIa, proposed a long time ago in the literature, is also provided based on the QM/MM calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wijitra Meelua
- Demonstration School, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Tanchanok Wanjai
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Natechanok Thinkumrob
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Ran Friedman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnæus University, Kalmar SE-391 82, Sweden
| | - Jitrayut Jitonnom
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
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Wu X, Wu Z, Ju X, Fan Y, Yang C, Han Y, Chen W, Tang D, Lv C, Cao Q, Wang J, Zhang K. IbInvInh2, a novel invertase inhibitor in sweet potato, regulates starch content through post-translational regulation of vacuolar invertase IbβFRUCT2. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 201:107815. [PMID: 37301188 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a key enzyme in the starch and sugar metabolic pathways in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), the vacuolar invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) IbβFRUCT2 is involved in partitioning and modulating the starch and sugar components of the storage root. However, the post-translational regulation of its invertase activity remains unclear. In this study, we identified three invertase inhibitors, IbInvInh1, IbInvInh2, and IbInvInh3, as potential interaction partners of IbβFRUCT2. All were found to act as vacuolar invertase inhibitors (VIFs) and belonged to the plant invertase/pectin methyl esterase inhibitor superfamily. Among the three VIFs, IbInvInh2 is a novel VIF in sweet potato and was confirmed to be an inhibitor of IbβFRUCT2. The N-terminal domain of IbβFRUCT2 and the Thr39 and Leu198 sites of IbInvInh2 were predicted to be engaged in their interactions. The transgenic expression of IbInvInh2 in Arabidopsis thaliana plants reduced the starch content of leaves, while its expression in the Ibβfruct2-expressing Arabidopsis plants increased the starch content of leaves, suggesting that the post-translational inhibition of IbβFRUCT2 activity by IbInvInh2 contributes to the regulation of the plant starch content. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel VIF in sweet potato and provide insights into the potential regulatory roles of the VIFs and invertase-VIF interaction in starch metabolism. These insights lay the foundation for using VIFs to improve the starch properties of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuli Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhengdan Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Xisan Ju
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yonghai Fan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chaobin Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yonghui Han
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wanxia Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Daobin Tang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Changwen Lv
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qinghe Cao
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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9
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Teper‐Bamnolker P, Roitman M, Katar O, Peleg N, Aruchamy K, Suher S, Doron‐Faigenboim A, Leibman D, Omid A, Belausov E, Andersson M, Olsson N, Fält A, Volpin H, Hofvander P, Gal‐On A, Eshel D. An alternative pathway to plant cold tolerance in the absence of vacuolar invertase activity. Plant J 2023; 113:327-341. [PMID: 36448213 PMCID: PMC10107833 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To cope with cold stress, plants have developed antioxidation strategies combined with osmoprotection by sugars. In potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers, which are swollen stems, exposure to cold stress induces starch degradation and sucrose synthesis. Vacuolar acid invertase (VInv) activity is a significant part of the cold-induced sweetening (CIS) response, by rapidly cleaving sucrose into hexoses and increasing osmoprotection. To discover alternative plant tissue pathways for coping with cold stress, we produced VInv-knockout lines in two cultivars. Genome editing of VInv in 'Désirée' and 'Brooke' was done using stable and transient expression of CRISPR/Cas9 components, respectively. After storage at 4°C, sugar analysis indicated that the knockout lines showed low levels of CIS and maintained low acid invertase activity in storage. Surprisingly, the tuber parenchyma of vinv lines exhibited significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and reduced H2 O2 levels. Furthermore, whole plants of vinv lines exposed to cold stress without irrigation showed normal vigor, in contrast to WT plants, which wilted. Transcriptome analysis of vinv lines revealed upregulation of an osmoprotectant pathway and ethylene-related genes during cold temperature exposure. Accordingly, higher expression of antioxidant-related genes was detected after exposure to short and long cold storage. Sugar measurements showed an elevation of an alternative pathway in the absence of VInv activity, raising the raffinose pathway with increasing levels of myo-inositol content as a cold tolerance response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Teper‐Bamnolker
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Marina Roitman
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in AgricultureThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot76100Israel
| | - Omri Katar
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in AgricultureThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot76100Israel
| | - Noam Peleg
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in AgricultureThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot76100Israel
| | - Kalaivani Aruchamy
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Shlomit Suher
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in AgricultureThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot76100Israel
| | - Adi Doron‐Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Diana Leibman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Ayelet Omid
- Danziger Innovations LimitedMishmar HashivaIsrael
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Mariette Andersson
- Department of Plant BreedingSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Niklas Olsson
- Department of Plant BreedingSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Ann‐Sofie Fält
- Department of Plant BreedingSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Hanne Volpin
- Danziger Innovations LimitedMishmar HashivaIsrael
| | - Per Hofvander
- Department of Plant BreedingSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Amit Gal‐On
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Dani Eshel
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
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10
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Luo H, Tang F. Mepiquat chloride application combined with high plant population density promotes carbon remobilization in the roots of upland cotton. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 194:70-84. [PMID: 36379179 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon reserves in cotton roots can be remobilized to support reproductive growth, thus potentially affecting cotton yield. However, the regulation of carbon remobilization in cotton roots and its relationship with cotton yield are still poorly understood. Plant population density (PPD) and mepiquat chloride (MC) have been hypothesized to affect the dynamics of nonstructural carbohydrate content and the resulting carbon remobilization in cotton roots through the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism enzyme activities. A mid-maturation cotton line 4003-6 was field-grown in 2019 and 2020. Three different levels of PPD (D1: 2.25 plants m-2, D2: 4.5 plants m-2, and D3: 6.75 plants m-2) and two levels of MC dosage (M0: 0 g hm-2, M1: 82.5 g hm-2) were combined to create six populations differing in terms of the source-sink relationship. The changes in the hexose, sucrose, and starch contents and the key carbon metabolic enzyme activities in cotton roots were examined during peak squaring (PS) to late boll opening (LB). The combination of the PPD of 6.75 plants m-2 and MC application (M1D3) exhibited the greatest cotton yield and reproductive biomass-to-leaf area ratio from peak flowering (PF) onwards. M1D3 presented the greatest total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) remobilization amount of 2.96 and 3.80 g m-2, the highest efficiency of 39.11% and 48.39%, and the largest gross contribution to seed cotton yield of 0.66% and 0.79% in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The three parameters were positively correlated with the seed cotton yield except for the remobilization rate in 2019. Unlike the other treatments, the greater carbohydrate content per unit ground area in M1D3 prior to the PF stage was attributed to the higher sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) activities during the PS to first flowering (FF) stages. Conversely, the greater α-amylase and β-amylase activities in M1D3 at the PF stage accounted for the lower starch content at the EB stage, and the smaller vacuolar invertase (VIN) and cell wall invertase (CWIN) activities at the EB stage could be responsible for the lower hexose concentration at that time. The TNC remobilization amount had a positive association with the AGPase and SPS activities at the FF stage and with β-amylase activity at the PF stage in cotton tap roots in 2019 and 2020. This study provides a cotton yield-improving alternative through the promotion of carbon remobilization in roots using certain agronomic practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, College of Agronomy, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Feiyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, College of Agronomy, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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11
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Lai H, Zhou Y, Chen W, Deng Y, Qiu Y, Chen X, Guo J. Changes in sucrose metabolism patterns affect the early maturation of Cassava sexual tetraploid roots. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:574. [PMID: 36496357 PMCID: PMC9738016 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03969-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important multiuse crop grown for economic and energy purposes. Its vegetative organs are storage roots, in which the main storage material is starch. The accumulation characteristics of starch in cassava roots can directly affect the yield, starch content and maturation of cassava storage roots. In this study, we used a cassava sexual tetraploid (ST), which showed early maturation heterosis in previous work, as the main test material. We analyzed the sucrose metabolism and starch accumulation characteristics of the ST and its parents from the leaf "source" to the storage root "sink" during different developmental stages and explored the regulatory mechanisms of ST storage root early maturation by combining the transcriptome data of the storage roots during the expansion period. RESULTS The results showed that the trends in sucrose, glucose and fructose contents in the ST leaves were similar to those of the two parents during different stages of development, but the trends in the ST storage roots were significantly different from those of their parents, which showed high sucrose utilization rates during the early stage of development and decreased utilization capacity in the late developmental stage. Transcriptome data showed that the genes that were expressed differentially between ST and its parents were mainly involved in the degradation and utilization of sucrose in the storage roots, and four key enzyme genes were significantly upregulated (Invertase MeNINV8/MeVINV3, Sucrose synthase MeSuSy2, Hexokinase MeHXK2), while the expressions of key enzyme genes involved in starch synthesis were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that the pattern of sucrose degradation and utilization in the cassava ST was different from that of its parents and promoted early maturation in its tuberous roots. Starch accumulation in the ST from sucrose mainly occurred during the early expansion stage of the storage roots, and the starch content during this period was higher than that of both parents, mainly due to the regulation of invertase and hexokinase activities during sucrose metabolism. This study provides a basis for further genetic improvements to cassava traits and for breeding varieties that mature early and are adapted well to provide starch supply requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanggui Lai
- Tropical Crops College of Hainan University, Haikou, 571104, China
| | - Yangjiao Zhou
- Tropical Crops College of Hainan University, Haikou, 571104, China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- Hainan Forest Tree Seeds (Saplings) Terminal, Haikou, 570203, China
| | - Yajie Deng
- Tropical Crops College of Hainan University, Haikou, 571104, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Tropical Crops College of Hainan University, Haikou, 571104, China
| | - Xia Chen
- College of Jiyang, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, China.
| | - Jianchun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
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12
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Xu Y, Cao W, Cui J, Shen F, Luo J, Wan Y. Developing a sustainable process for the cleaner production of baker's yeast: An approach towards waste management by an integrated fermentation and membrane separation process. J Environ Manage 2022; 323:116197. [PMID: 36126591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Baker's yeast industries generate highly polluted effluents, especially the cell free broth (i.e., vinasse) characterized by high chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and salts. In this work, it was found that the residual by-products (i.e., ethanol and acetic acid) and salts in the vinasse severely inhibited the cell growth, which hindered the reuse of the vinasse for the production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Through optimizing a suitable control strategy, the productions of ethanol and acetic acid were eliminated. Then, a nanofiltration membrane (i.e., NF5) was preferred for preliminarily and simultaneously separating and concentrating valuable molecules (i.e., invertase, food grade proteins and pigments) in the vinasse, and the main fouling mechanism was cake layer formation. Subsequently, a reverse osmosis membrane (RO) was suitable to separate and concentrate salts in the NF5 permeate, where the membrane fouling was negligible. Finally, the RO permeate was successfully reused for the production of S. cerevisiae. In addition, without calculating the benefit from the recovery of the valuable molecules, the cost of the integrated process can be decreased by 59.8% compared with the sole triple effect evaporation. Meanwhile, the volume of the fresh water used in the fermentation process can be decreased by 68.8%. Thus, it is a sustainable process for the cleaner production of baker's yeast using the integrated fermentation and membrane separation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Weifeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jiandong Cui
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Fei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianqun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yinhua Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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13
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Yasmeen A, Shakoor S, Azam S, Bakhsh A, Shahid N, Latif A, Shahid AA, Husnain T, Rao AQ. CRISPR/Cas-mediated knockdown of vacuolar invertase gene expression lowers the cold-induced sweetening in potatoes. Planta 2022; 256:107. [PMID: 36342558 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
VInv gene editing in potato using CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in knockdown of expression and a lower VInv enzymatic activity resulting in a decrease in post-harvest cold-storage sugars formation and sweetening in potatoes. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockdown of vacuolar invertase (VInv) gene was carried out using two sgRNAs in local cultivar of potato plants. The transformation efficiency of potatoes was found to be 11.7%. The primary transformants were screened through PCR, Sanger sequencing, digital PCR, and ELISA. The overall editing efficacy was determined to be 25.6% as per TIDE analysis. The amplicon sequencing data showed maximum indel frequency for potato plant T12 (14.3%) resulting in 6.2% gene knockout and 6% frame shift. While for plant B4, the maximum indel frequency of 2.0% was found which resulted in 4.4% knockout and 4% frameshift as analyzed by Geneious. The qRT-PCR data revealed that mRNA expression of VInv gene was reduced 90-99-fold in edited potato plants when compared to the non-edited control potato plant. Following cold storage, chips analysis of potatoes proved B4 and T12 as best lines. Reducing sugars' analysis by titration method determined fivefold reduction in percentage of reducing sugars in tubers of B4 transgenic lines as compared to the control. Physiologically genome-edited potatoes behaved like their conventional counterpart. This is first successful report of knockdown of potato VInv gene in Pakistan that addressed cold-induced sweetening resulting in minimum accumulation of reducing sugars in genome edited tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Yasmeen
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Sana Shakoor
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Saira Azam
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Allah Bakhsh
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Naila Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Latif
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Ali Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum Rao
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
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14
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Noriega X, Rubio S, Pérez FJ. Sucrose accumulation and endodormancy are synchronized events induced by the short-day photoperiod in grapevine buds. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 190:101-108. [PMID: 36108354 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
At the end of the summer season, grapevine buds (Vitis vinifera L) grown in temperate climates enter a state of winter recess or endodormancy (ED), which is induced by the shortening of the photoperiod, and during this period, the buds accumulate sucrose. In this study, we investigated whether the shortening of the photoperiod regulates the accumulation of sucrose in the buds in the same way as it regulates its entry into the ED. Because sucrose accumulation is regulated by genes that control its transport and degradation, the effect of the SD photoperiod and the transition of buds from paradormancy (PD) to ED on the expression of sucrose transporter (VvSUTs) and invertase genes (VvINVs) was studied. To analyze the possible role of sucrose during ED development, its effect on bud swelling and sprouting was studied on dormant and nondormant buds under forced growth conditions. The results showed that the SD photoperiod upregulates the expression of the VvSUT genes and downregulates that of the VvINV genes in grapevine buds. Additionally, during the transition of buds from PD to ED, the sucrose content increased, the expression of the VvINV genes decreased, and the expression of the VvSUT genes did not change significantly. Sucrose delayed bud swelling and sprouting when applied to dormant buds but had no effect when applied to nondormant buds. Therefore, we concluded that ED development and sucrose accumulation were synchronized events induced by the SD photoperiod and that a sucrose peak marks the end of ED development in grapevine buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Noriega
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Rubio
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco J Pérez
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
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15
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Li G, Cui K, Hu Q, Wang W, Pan J, Zhang G, Shi Y, Nie L, Huang J, Peng S. Phloem Unloading in Developing Rice Caryopses and its Contribution to Non-Structural Carbohydrate Translocation from Stems and Grain Yield Formation. Plant Cell Physiol 2022; 63:1510-1525. [PMID: 35946132 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phloem unloading plays an important role in photoassimilate partitioning and grain yield improvements in cereal crops. The phloem unloading strategy and its effects on photoassimilate translocation and yield formation remain unclear in rice. In this study, plasmodesmata were observed at the interface between the sieve elements (SEs) and companion cells (CCs), and between the SE-CC complex and surrounding parenchyma cells (PCs) in phloem of the dorsal vascular bundle in developing caryopses. Carboxyfluorescein (CF) signal was detected in the phloem of caryopses, which showed that CF was unloaded into caryopses. These results indicated that the SE-CC complex was symplasmically connected with adjacent PCs by plasmodesmata. Gene expression for sucrose transporter (SUT) and cell wall invertase (CWI), and OsSUT1 and OsCIN1 proteins were detected in developing caryopses, indicating that rice plants might actively unload sucrose into caryopses by the apoplasmic pathway. Among three rice recombinant inbred lines, R201 exhibited lower plasmodesmal densities at the boundaries between cell types (SE-CC, SE-PC and CC-PC) in developing caryopses than R91 and R156. R201 also had lower expression of SUT and CWI genes and lower protein levels of OsSUT1 and OsCIN1, as well as CWI activity, than R91 and R156. These data agreed with stem non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) translocation and grain yields for the three lines. The nitrogen application rate had no significant effect on plasmodesmal densities at the interfaces between different cells types, and did not affect CF unloading in the phloem of developing caryopses. Low nitrogen treatment enhanced expression levels of OsSUT and OsCIN genes in the three lines. These results suggested that nitrogen application had no substantial effect on symplasmic unloading but affected apoplasmic unloading. Therefore, we concluded that poor symplasmic and apoplasmic unloading in developing caryopses might result in low stem NSC translocation and poor grain yield formation of R201.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kehui Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiuqian Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wencheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junfeng Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guo Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yange Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lixiao Nie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Tropical crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Jianliang Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shaobing Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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16
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Kopczewski T, Kuźniak E, Ciereszko I, Kornaś A. Alterations in Primary Carbon Metabolism in Cucumber Infected with Pseudomonas syringae pv lachrymans: Local and Systemic Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012418. [PMID: 36293272 PMCID: PMC9603868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The reconfiguration of the primary metabolism is essential in plant–pathogen interactions. We compared the local metabolic responses of cucumber leaves inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv lachrymans (Psl) with those in non-inoculated systemic leaves, by examining the changes in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides pools, the concentration of soluble carbohydrates and activities/gene expression of carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes, the expression of photosynthesis-related genes, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle-linked metabolite contents and enzyme activities. In the infected leaves, Psl induced a metabolic signature with an altered [NAD(P)H]/[NAD(P)+] ratio; decreased glucose and sucrose contents, along with a changed invertase gene expression; and increased glucose turnover and accumulation of raffinose, trehalose, and myo-inositol. The accumulation of oxaloacetic and malic acids, enhanced activities, and gene expression of fumarase and l-malate dehydrogenase, as well as the increased respiration rate in the infected leaves, indicated that Psl induced the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The changes in gene expression of ribulose-l,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large unit, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and chloroplast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were compatible with a net photosynthesis decline described earlier. Psl triggered metabolic changes common to the infected and non-infected leaves, the dynamics of which differed quantitatively (e.g., malic acid content and metabolism, glucose-6-phosphate accumulation, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity) and those specifically related to the local or systemic response (e.g., changes in the sugar content and turnover). Therefore, metabolic changes in the systemic leaves may be part of the global effects of local infection on the whole-plant metabolism and also represent a specific acclimation response contributing to balancing growth and defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kopczewski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kuźniak
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Iwona Ciereszko
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kornaś
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
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17
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Ren R, Wan Z, Chen H, Zhang Z. The effect of inter-varietal variation in sugar hydrolysis and transport on sugar content and photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera L. leaves. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 189:1-13. [PMID: 36030618 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sugar synthesis from photosynthesis and its utilization through sugar metabolism jointly determine leaf sugar content, and in contrast, excess sugar represses leaf photosynthesis. Although plant photosynthesis is affected by leaf sugar metabolism, the relationship between sugar metabolism and photosynthetic capacity of different grape genotypes remains unclear. In this study, two grape (Vitis vinifera L.) genotypes 'Riesling' (RI, high sugar content in leaf) and 'Petit Manseng' (PM, low sugar content in leaf) were used to evaluate the relationship between sugar metabolism and photosynthesis. Sugar content, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, enzyme activity, and gene expression related to sucrose metabolism in leaves were measured, and the correlations between photosynthesis and sugar metabolism were assessed. The contents of sucrose and glucose were significantly higher in RI leaves than in PM leaves, while the fructose content pattern was reversed. Cell wall invertase activity for sucrose hydrolysis and the transcript levels of VvCWINV, VvHTs, VvTMT1, VvFKs, and VvHXK2 were also higher in RI leaves than in PM leaves, whereas that of VvHXK1 mediating glucose phosphorylation, was lower in RI leaves than in PM leaves. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and chlorophyll content were lower in RI leaves than in PM leaves and negatively correlated with glucose content, and the transcript levels of VvCWINV, VvHTs, VvTMT1, and VvHXK2. In conclusion, this study indicates that leaf sugar metabolism and transport are related to photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera L., which provides a theoretical basis for improving grape photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Ren
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhuowu Wan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Huawei Chen
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Room 1606, Zhongguancun Innovation Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China.
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Ren Z, Zhang D, Jiao C, Li D, Wu Y, Wang X, Gao C, Lin Y, Ruan Y, Xia Y. Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses identified the mode of sucrose degradation as a metabolic marker for early vegetative propagation in bulbs of Lycoris. Plant J 2022; 112:115-134. [PMID: 35942603 PMCID: PMC9826282 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Vegetative propagation (VP) is an important practice for production in many horticultural plants. Sugar supply constitutes the basis of VP in bulb flowers, but the underlying molecular basis remains elusive. By performing a combined sequencing technologies coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry approach for metabolic analyses, we compared two Lycoris species with contrasting regeneration rates: high-regeneration Lycoris sprengeri and low-regeneration Lycoris aurea. A comprehensive multi-omics analyses identified both expected processes involving carbohydrate metabolism and transcription factor networks, as well as the metabolic characteristics for each developmental stage. A higher abundance of the differentially expressed genes including those encoding ethylene responsive factors was detected at bulblet initiation stage compared to the late stage of bulblet development. High hexose-to-sucrose ratio correlated to bulblet formation across all the species examined, indicating its role in the VP process in Lycoris bulb. Importantly, a clear difference between cell wall invertase (CWIN)-catalyzed sucrose unloading in high-regeneration species and the sucrose synthase-catalyzed pathway in low-regeneration species was observed at the bulblet initiation stage, which was supported by findings from carboxyfluorescein tracing and quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Collectively, the findings indicate a sugar-mediated model of the regulation of VP in which high CWIN expression or activity may promote bulblet initiation via enhancing apoplasmic unloading of sucrose or sugar signals, whereas the subsequent high ratio of hexose-to-sucrose likely supports cell division characterized in the next phase of bulblet formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Ming Ren
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Chen Jiao
- Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and InsectsInstitute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Dan‐Qing Li
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Xiu‐Yun Wang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Cong Gao
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Ye‐Fan Lin
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yong‐Ling Ruan
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of BiologyThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia
- Yazhou Bay LaboratorySanya572024China
| | - Yi‐Ping Xia
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
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Dahro B, Wang Y, Khan M, Zhang Y, Fang T, Ming R, Li C, Liu JH. Two AT-Hook proteins regulate A/NINV7 expression to modulate sucrose catabolism for cold tolerance in Poncirus trifoliata. New Phytol 2022; 235:2331-2349. [PMID: 35695205 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Invertase (INV)-mediated sucrose (Suc) hydrolysis, leading to the irreversible production of glucose (Glc) and fructose (Frc), plays an essential role in abiotic stress tolerance of plants. However, the regulatory network associated with the Suc catabolism in response to cold environment remains largely elusive. Herein, the cold-induced alkaline/neutral INV gene PtrA/NINV7 of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) was shown to function in cold tolerance via mediating the Suc hydrolysis. Meanwhile, a nuclear matrix-associated region containing A/T-rich sequences within its promoter was indispensable for the cold induction of PtrA/NINV7. Two AT-Hook Motif Containing Nuclear Localized (AHL) proteins, PtrAHL14 and PtrAHL17, were identified as upstream transcriptional activators of PtrA/NINV7 by interacting with the A/T-rich motifs. PtrAHL14 and PtrAHL17 function positively in the cold tolerance by modulating PtrA/NINV7-mediated Suc catabolism. Furthermore, both PtrAHL14 and PtrAHL17 could form homo- and heterodimers between each other, and interacted with two histone acetyltransferases (HATs), GCN5 and TAF1, leading to elevated histone3 acetylation level under the cold stress. Taken together, our findings unraveled a new cold-responsive signaling module (AHL14/17-HATs-A/NINV7) for orchestration of Suc catabolism and cold tolerance, which shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying Suc catabolism catalyzed by A/NINVs under cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bachar Dahro
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Madiha Khan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tian Fang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ruhong Ming
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Xie H, Ai XM, Li YH, Zhao CB, Sun YY. [Relationship between epiphyllous bud of tropical waterlily ( Brachyceras)umbilics and carbohydrate meta-bolism in different parts of leaves]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2022; 33:2431-2440. [PMID: 36131659 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202209.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To understand the development mechanism of the epiphyllous bud of waterlily, we examined the morphological anatomy of the leaf-navel epiphyllous bud by paraffin section technique at four stages, and compared the differences of carbohydrate metabolism between viviparous and non-viviparous waterlily leaves. Three tropical waterlily cultivars of Brachyceras were used, including two viviparous cultivars Nymphaea 'Margaret Mary', Nymphaea 'Ruby', and a non-viviparous cultivar Nymphaea 'Pink Star'. The results showed that parenchyma cells below the epidermis of leaf-navel divided and grew continuously after the leaf unfolded, forming a closely arranged cell cluster in viviparous waterlily and raised upward to a spherical shape. In contrast, no change was observed in leaf-navel of non-viviparous waterlily with the expansion of leaves. With the development of leaves, the contents of all physiological variables except sucrose and enzyme activities in the leaves of viviparous waterlily showed a first increase and then a decrease, which was significantly higher than those of non-viviparous waterlily. The carbohydrate contents in different parts showed the order of leaf > leaf-navel > petiole (except for starch content, which was highest in the leaf-navel). The activities of sucrose synthase (SS) and acid invertase (AI) were higher than those of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and neutral invertase (NI). The activities of SPS and NI in different tissues of viviparous waterlily were significantly higher than those in non-viviparous one, but SS and AI did not show pronounced cultivar advantage in viviparous cultivars. AI activity varied greatly among cultivars, whereas NI activity varied less and was at a low level in different tissues. The sucrose of Nymphaea 'Ruby' leaves was positively correlated with the SPS and AI, and significantly associated with NI. The accumulation of sucrose content increased the activities of SS and NI of waterlily leaves, which was conducive to promoting the formation of epiphyllous buds.
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Oku S, Ueno K, Sawazaki Y, Maeda T, Jitsuyama Y, Suzuki T, Onodera S, Fujino K, Shimura H. Functional characterization and vacuolar localization of fructan exohydrolase derived from onion (Allium cepa). J Exp Bot 2022; 73:4908-4922. [PMID: 35552692 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fructans such as inulin and levan accumulate in certain taxonomic groups of plants and are a reserve carbohydrate alternative to starch. Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a typical plant species that accumulates fructans, and it synthesizes inulin-type and inulin neoseries-type fructans in the bulb. Although genes for fructan biosynthesis in onion have been identified so far, no genes for fructan degradation had been found. In this study, phylogenetic analysis predicted that we isolated a putative vacuolar invertase gene (AcpVI1), but our functional analyses demonstrated that it encoded a fructan 1-exohydrolase (1-FEH) instead. Assessments of recombinant proteins and purified native protein showed that the protein had 1-FEH activity, hydrolyzing the β-(2,1)-fructosyl linkage in inulin-type fructans. Interestingly, AcpVI1 had an amino acid sequence close to those of vacuolar invertases and fructosyltransferases, unlike all other FEHs previously found in plants. We showed that AcpVI1 was localized in the vacuole, as are onion fructosyltransferases Ac1-SST and Ac6G-FFT. These results indicate that fructan-synthesizing and -degrading enzymes are both localized in the vacuole. In contrast to previously reported FEHs, our data suggest that onion 1-FEH evolved from a vacuolar invertase and not from a cell wall invertase. This demonstrates that classic phylogenetic analysis on its own is insufficient to discriminate between invertases and FEHs, highlighting the importance of functional markers in the nearby active site residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Oku
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Keiji Ueno
- Graduate School of Dairy Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sawazaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Tomoo Maeda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, 036-8561, Japan
| | - Yutaka Jitsuyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Shuichi Onodera
- Graduate School of Dairy Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kaien Fujino
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Hanako Shimura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
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Tie L, Hu J, Peñuelas J, Sardans J, Wei S, Liu X, Zhou S, Huang C. The amounts and ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus addition drive the rate of litter decomposition in a subtropical forest. Sci Total Environ 2022; 833:155163. [PMID: 35413342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) control biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, N and P addition effects on litter decomposition, especially biological pathways in subtropical forests, remain unclear. Here, a two-year field litterbag experiment was employed in a subtropical forest in southwestern China to examine N and P addition effects on litter biological decomposition with nine treatments: low and high N- and P-only addition (LN, HN, LP, and HP), NP coaddition (LNLP, LNHP, HNLP, and HNHP), and a control (CK). The results showed that the decomposition coefficient (k) was higher in NP coaddition treatments (P < 0.05), and lower in N- and P-only addition treatments than in CK (P < 0.05). The highest k was observed with LNLP (P < 0.05). The N- and P-only addition treatments decreased the losses of litter mass, lignin, cellulose, and condensed tannins, litter microbial biomass carbon (MBC), litter cellulase, and soil pH (P < 0.05). The NP coaddition treatments increased the losses of litter mass, lignin, and cellulose, MBC concentration, litter invertase, urease, cellulase, and catalase activities, soil arthropod diversity (S) in litterbags, and soil pH (P < 0.05). Litter acid phosphatase activity and N:P ratio were lower in N-only addition treatments but higher in P-only addition and NP coaddition treatments than in CK (P < 0.05). Structural equation model showed that litter MBC, S, cellulase, acid phosphatase, and polyphenol oxidase contributed to the loss of litter mass (P < 0.05). The litter N:P ratio was negatively logarithmically correlated with mass loss (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the negative effect of N addition on litter decomposition was reversed when P was added by increasing decomposed litter soil arthropod diversity, MBC concentration, and invertase and cellulase activities. Finally, the results highlighted the important role of the N:P ratio in litter decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liehua Tie
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, 550025 Guiyang, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China; CSIC, Unitat d'Ecologia Global CREAFCSIC-UAB, Edifici C, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Junxi Hu
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Unitat d'Ecologia Global CREAFCSIC-UAB, Edifici C, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Unitat d'Ecologia Global CREAFCSIC-UAB, Edifici C, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Shengzhao Wei
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Liu
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China
| | - Shixing Zhou
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China.
| | - Congde Huang
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China.
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Li Y, Shi X, Ling Q, Li S, Wei J, Xin M, Xie D, Chen X, Liu K, Yu F. Bacterial extracellular polymeric substances: Impact on soil microbial community composition and their potential role in heavy metal-contaminated soil. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 240:113701. [PMID: 35636237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, six different treatments involving extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from Enterobacter sp. FM-1 (FM-1) (no EPS (control), original bacterial cells (FM-1), FM-1 cells with EPS artificially removed (EPS-free cells, EPS-R), different forms of EPS (soluble EPS (S-EPS), loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS)) obtained from FM-1) and three types of soils (non-contaminated soil (NC soil), high-contamination soil (HC soil) and low-contamination soil (LC soil)) were used to investigate the impact of different EPS treatments on soil microbial community composition and their potential role in the remediation of heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soil. The results indicate that the EPS secreted by FM-1 played a vital role in changing soil pH and helped increase soil bio- HMs. In addition, EPS secretion by FM-1 helped increase the soil EPS-polysaccharide and EPS-nucleic acid contents; even in HC soil, where the HM content was relatively high, LB-EPS addition still increased the EPS-polysaccharide and EPS-nucleic acid contents in the soil by 1.18- and 15.54-fold, respectively. FM-1, LB-EPS and TB-EPS addition increased the soil invertase, urease and alkaline phosphatase activities and increased the soil organic matter (SOM), NH4+-N and available phosphorus (AP) contents, which helped regulate soil nutrient reserves. Moreover, the addition of different EPS fractions modified the soil microbial community composition to help microbes adapt to an HM-contaminated environment. In the HC and LC soils, where the HM content was relatively high, the soil bacteria were dominated by Protobacteria, while fungi in the soil were dominated by Ascomycota. Among the soil physicochemical properties, the soil SOM and NH4+-N contents and invertase activity significantly impacted the diversity and community composition of both bacteria and fungi in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Xinwei Shi
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Qiujie Ling
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Songying Li
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Jiayu Wei
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Meifen Xin
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Dongyu Xie
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
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Tan C, Zhang L, Duan X, Chai X, Huang R, Kang Y, Yang X. Effects of exogenous sucrose and selenium on plant growth, quality, and sugar metabolism of pea sprouts. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:2855-2863. [PMID: 34741307 PMCID: PMC9299082 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pea sprouts are considered a healthy food. Sucrose is a key nutritional factor affecting taste and flavor. Meanwhile, selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that plays multiple roles in wide variety of physiological processes and improves crop quality and nutritional value. Nonetheless, the effects of the combination of sucrose and Se treatment on growth, quality, and sugar metabolism of pea sprouts have not been explored. RESULTS The results revealed that sucrose at 10 mg L-1 obviously increased fresh weight, vitamin C, soluble protein, soluble sugar, fructose, glucose, and sucrose contents. Se treatments also improved nutritional quality, but higher Se (2.5 mg L-1 ) significantly inhibited the growth of seedlings. Interestingly, the combined application of sucrose (10 mg L-1 ) and Se (1.25 mg L-1 ) could effectively promote vitamin C, sucrose, and fructose contents, especially the Se content, compared with Se application alone. Additionally, there were significant differences in the regulation of sugar metabolism between Se alone and combined application of sucrose and Se. Acid invertase and neutral invertase play a pivotal role in the accumulation of soluble sugar under Se treatments alone, and acid invertase might be the key enzyme to limit sugar accumulation under combined application of sucrose and Se. CONCLUSION The moderate combined application of sucrose (10 mg L-1 ) and Se (1.25 mg L-1 ) more effectively regulated sugar metabolism and improved nutritional quality than Se application alone did. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Tan
- College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Maoming Agriculture & Forestry Technical CollegeGaozhouChina
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Xirong Chai
- College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yunyan Kang
- College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xian Yang
- College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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25
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Liu YH, Song YH, Ruan YL. Sugar conundrum in plant-pathogen interactions: roles of invertase and sugar transporters depend on pathosystems. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:1910-1925. [PMID: 35104311 PMCID: PMC8982439 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It has been increasingly recognized that CWIN (cell wall invertase) and sugar transporters including STP (sugar transport protein) and SWEET (sugar will eventually be exported transporters) play important roles in plant-pathogen interactions. However, the information available in the literature comes from diverse systems and often yields contradictory findings and conclusions. To solve this puzzle, we provide here a comprehensive assessment of the topic. Our analyses revealed that the regulation of plant-microbe interactions by CWIN, SWEET, and STP is conditioned by the specific pathosystems involved. The roles of CWINs in plant resistance are largely determined by the lifestyle of pathogens (biotrophs versus necrotrophs or hemibiotrophs), possibly through CWIN-mediated salicylic acid or jasmonic acid signaling and programmed cell death pathways. The up-regulation of SWEETs and STPs may enhance or reduce plant resistance, depending on the cellular sites from which pathogens acquire sugars from the host cells. Finally, plants employ unique mechanisms to defend against viral infection, in part through a sugar-based regulation of plasmodesmatal development or aperture. Our appraisal further calls for attention to be paid to the involvement of microbial sugar metabolism and transport in plant-pathogen interactions, which is an integrated but overlooked component of such interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hua Liu
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - You-Hong Song
- Innovation Cluster of Crop Molecular Biology and Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong-Ling Ruan
- Innovation Cluster of Crop Molecular Biology and Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Yang KM, Poolpak T, Pokethitiyook P, Kruatrachue M. Assessment of dynamic microbial community structure and rhizosphere interactions during bioaugmented phytoremediation of petroleum contaminated soil by a newly designed rhizobox system. Int J Phytoremediation 2022; 24:1505-1517. [PMID: 35266855 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2040420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To understand the plant (Vigna unguiculata) and plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) (Microcococcus luteus WN01) interactions in crude oil contaminated soil, experiments were conducted based on the newly designed rhizobox system. The rhizobox was divided into three main compartments namely the rhizosphere zone, the mid-zone, and the bulk soil zone, in accordance with the distance from the plant. Plants were grown in these three-chambered pots for 30 days under natural conditions. The plant root exudates were determined by analyzing for carbohydrates, amino acids, and phenolic compounds. The degradation of alkane, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) were quantified by GC-FID. Soil catalase, dehydrogenase, and invertase activities were determined. The microbial community structure was assessed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Results showed that the inoculation of M. luteus WN01 significantly enhanced cowpea root biomass and exudates, especially the phenolic compounds. Bioaugmented phytoremediation by cowpea and M. luteus promoted rhizodegradation of TPH. Cowpea stimulated microbial growth, soil dehydrogenase, and invertase activities and enhanced bacterial community diversity in oil contaminated soil. The rhizosphere zone of cowpea inoculated with M. luteus showed the highest removal efficiency, microbial activities, microbial population, and bacterial community diversity indicating the strong synergic interactions between M. luteus and cowpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Mo Yang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Toemthip Poolpak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prayad Pokethitiyook
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maleeya Kruatrachue
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok, Thailand
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Versluys M, Porras-Domínguez JR, De Coninck T, Van Damme EJM, Van den Ende W. A novel chicory fructanase can degrade common microbial fructan product profiles and displays positive cooperativity. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:1602-1622. [PMID: 34750605 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fructan metabolism in bacteria and plants relies on fructosyltransferases and fructanases. Plant fructanases (fructan exohydrolase, FEH) only hydrolyse terminal fructose residues. Levan (β-2,6 linkages) is the most abundant fructan type in bacteria. Dicot fructan accumulators, such as chicory (Cichorium intybus), accumulate inulin (β-2,1 linkages), harbouring several 1-FEH isoforms for their degradation. Here, a novel chicory fructanase with high affinity for levan was characterized, providing evidence that such enzymes widely occur in higher plants. It is adapted to common microbial fructan profiles, but has low affinity towards chicory inulin, in line with a function in trimming of microbial fructans in the extracellular environment. Docking experiments indicate the importance of an N-glycosylation site close to the active site for substrate specificity. Optimal pH and temperature for levan hydrolysis are 5.0 and 43.7 °C, respectively. Docking experiments suggested multiple substrate binding sites and levan-mediated enzyme dimerization, explaining the observed positive cooperativity. Alignments show a single amino acid shift in the position of a conserved DXX(R/K) couple, typical for sucrose binding in cell wall invertases. A possible involvement of plant fructanases in levan trimming is discussed, in line with the emerging 'fructan detour' concepts, suggesting that levan oligosaccharides act as signalling entities during plant-microbial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Versluys
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Tibo De Coninck
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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28
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Morin A, Kadi F, Porcheron B, Vriet C, Maurousset L, Lemoine R, Pourtau N, Doidy J. Genome-wide identification of invertases in Fabaceae, focusing on transcriptional regulation of Pisum sativum invertases in seed subjected to drought. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13673. [PMID: 35307852 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Invertases are key enzymes for carbon metabolism, cleaving sucrose into energy-rich and signaling metabolites, glucose and fructose. Invertases play pivotal roles in development and stress response, determining yield and quality of seed production. In this context, the repertoire of invertase gene families is critically scarce in legumes. Here, we performed a systematic search for invertase families in 16 Fabaceae genomes. For instance, we identified 19 invertase genes in the model plant Medicago and 17 accessions in the agronomic crop Pisum sativum. Our comprehensive phylogenetic analysis sets a milestone for the scientific community as we propose a new nomenclature to correctly name plant invertases. Thus, neutral invertases were classified into four clades of cytosolic invertase (CINV). Acid invertases were classified into two cell wall invertase clades (CWINV) and two vacuolar invertase clades (VINV). Then, we explored transcriptional regulation of the pea invertase family, focusing on seed development and water stress. Invertase expression decreased sharply from embryogenesis to seed-filling stages, consistent with higher sucrose and lower monosaccharide contents. The vacuolar invertase PsVINV1.1 clearly marked the transition between both developmental stages. We hypothesize that the predominantly expressed cell wall invertase, PsCWINV1.2, may drive sucrose unloading towards developing seeds. The same candidates, PsVINV1.1 and PsCWINV1.2, were also regulated by water deficit during embryonic stage. We suggest that PsVINV1.1 along with vacuolar sugar transporters maintain cellular osmotic pressure and PsCWINV1.2 control hexose provision, thereby ensuring embryo survival in drought conditions. Altogether, our findings provide novel insights into the regulation of plant carbon metabolism in a challenging environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Morin
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Fadia Kadi
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Benoit Porcheron
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Cécile Vriet
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Laurence Maurousset
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Rémi Lemoine
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Pourtau
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Joan Doidy
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
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Nagashima M, Nakamura H, Hosaka H, Hirano T, Hakamata W, Nishio T. Growth of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum in medium containing N-acetylsucrosamine: Enzyme that induces the growth of this bacterium via degradation of this disaccharide. Glycobiology 2022; 32:540-549. [PMID: 35138388 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum grows well in the early stages of cultivation in medium containing sucrose (Suc), whereas its growth in medium containing the analogue disaccharide N-acetylsucrosamine (SucNAc) tends to exhibit a considerable delay. To elucidate the cause of this phenomenon, we investigated the proliferation pattern of B. pseudocatenulatum in medium containing D-glucose (Glc) and SucNAc and identified the enzyme that degrades this disaccharide. We found that B. pseudocatenulatum initially proliferates by assimilating Glc, with subsequent growth based on SucNAc assimilation depending on production of the β-fructofuranosidase, which can hydrolyze SucNAc, after Glc is completely consumed. Thus, B. pseudocatenulatum exhibited a diauxic growth pattern in medium containing Glc and SucNAc. In contrast, when cultured in medium containing Glc and Suc, B. pseudocatenulatum initially grew by degrading Suc via the phosphorolysis activity of Suc phosphorylase, which did not react to SucNAc. These observations indicate that B. pseudocatenulatum proliferates by assimilating Suc and SucNAc via different pathways. The β-fructofuranosidase of B. pseudocatenulatum exhibited higher hydrolytic activity against several naturally occurring Suc-based tri- or tetrasaccharides than against Suc, suggesting that this enzyme actively catabolizes oligosaccharides other than Suc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Nagashima
- Bioresource Utilization Science Course, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakamura
- Bioresource Utilization Science Course, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hosaka
- Bioresource Utilization Science Course, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Takako Hirano
- Bioresource Utilization Science Course, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Wataru Hakamata
- Bioresource Utilization Science Course, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nishio
- Bioresource Utilization Science Course, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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30
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Ren Z, Xu Y, Lvy X, Zhang D, Gao C, Lin Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Xia Y. Early Sucrose Degradation and the Dominant Sucrose Cleavage Pattern Influence Lycoris sprengeri Bulblet Regeneration In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111890. [PMID: 34769318 PMCID: PMC8585118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bulblet formation and development determine the quantitative and qualitative traits, respectively, of bulb yield for most flowering bulbs. For Lycoris species, however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, clonal bulblets of Lycoris sprengeri (Ls) derived from the same probulb were used as explants to establish efficient and inefficient in vitro regeneration systems by adjusting the 6-benzyladenine (BA) concentrations in media. BA application did not change the biological processes among groups but led to earlier decreases in sucrose and total soluble sugar (TSS) contents. Correlation analyses showed that the BA treatments changed the interaction between carbohydrate and endogenous hormone contents during bulblet regeneration. We found that two sucrose degradation enzyme-related genes, cell wall invertase (CWIN) and sucrose synthase, exhibited exactly opposite expression patterns during the competence stage. In addition, the regeneration system that obtained more bulblets showed significantly higher expression of LsCWIN2 than those that obtained fewer bulblets. Our data demonstrate the essential role of BA in accelerating sucrose degradation and the selection of a dominant sucrose cleavage pattern at the competence stage of in vitro bulblet regeneration. We propose that a relatively active CWIN-catalyzed pathway at the competence stage might promote bulblet regeneration, thus influencing bulb yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Ren
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.R.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (D.Z.); (C.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yunchen Xu
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.R.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (D.Z.); (C.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xuesi Lvy
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.R.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (D.Z.); (C.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Dong Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.R.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (D.Z.); (C.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Cong Gao
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.R.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (D.Z.); (C.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yefan Lin
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.R.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (D.Z.); (C.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yue Liu
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.R.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (D.Z.); (C.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yiping Xia
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.R.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (D.Z.); (C.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Y.X.)
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31
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Wu J, Chen H, Chen W, Zhong Q, Zhang M, Chen W. Effect of ultrasonic treatment on the activity of sugar metabolism relative enzymes and quality of coconut water. Ultrason Sonochem 2021; 79:105780. [PMID: 34628309 PMCID: PMC8501503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, tender coconuts were treated with high-intensity ultrasound (US) for 20 min at a frequency of 20 kHz and a power of 2400 W. Compared with control group, US treated coconut water had a higher content of total soluble solid and sugar/acid ratio along with a lower pH value and conductivity, and the contents of sucrose, fructose and glucose were also higher. Results from HS-SPME/GC-MS showed that there was no significant difference in the content of volatile compounds in coconut water before and after US treatment. The activities of sugar metabolism enzymes such as sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase were inhibited by US, of which AI had the strongest inactivation. Circular dichroism and fluorescence spectra showed that the secondary and tertiary structure of AI molecule were destroyed with the increase of US intensity and time, which was confirmed by the change of particle size distribution pattern and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics showed that US treatment prevented the recognition and binding of sucrose and AI molecules, thereby inhibiting the decomposition of sucrose. In conclusion, our results indicate that US can inhibit the activity of AI and maintain the sugar content to increase the quality as well as extend the shelflife of coconut water, which will bring more commercial value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilin Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Haiming Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China; Maritime Academy, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, 18 Qingshan Road, Haikou, Hainan 571126, PR China
| | - Wenxue Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Qiuping Zhong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China.
| | - Weijun Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China.
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32
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Feng Z, Zheng F, Wu S, Li R, Li Y, Zhong J, Zhao H. Functional Characterization of a Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) Vacuolar Invertase, CsVI1, Involved in Hexose Accumulation and Response to Low Temperature Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179365. [PMID: 34502273 PMCID: PMC8431200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), an important vegetable plant species, is susceptible to low temperature stress especially during the seedling stage. Vacuolar invertase (VI) plays important roles in plant responses to abiotic stress. However, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of VI function in cucumber, have not yet been completely understood and VI responses to low temperature stress and it functions in cold tolerance in cucumber seedlings are also in need of exploration. The present study found that hexose accumulation in the roots of cucumber seedlings under low temperature stress is closely related to the observed enhancement of invertase activity. Our genome-wide search for the vacuolar invertase (VI) genes in cucumber identified the candidate VI-encoding gene CsVI1. Expression profiling of CsVI1 showed that it was mainly expressed in the young roots of cucumber seedlings. In addition, transcriptional analysis indicated that CsVI1 expression could respond to low temperature stress. Recombinant CsVI1 proteins purified from Pichia pastoris and Nicotiana benthamiana leaves could hydrolyze sucrose into hexoses. Further, overexpression of CsVI1 in cucumber plants could increase their hexose contents and improve their low temperature tolerance. Lastly, a putative cucumber invertase inhibitor was found could form a complex with CsVI1. In summary, these results confirmed that CsVI1 functions as an acid invertase involved in hexose accumulation and responds to low temperature stress in cucumber seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Feng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 732001, China;
| | - Fenghua Zheng
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Silin Wu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Rui Li
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yue Li
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiaxin Zhong
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence:
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33
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Minami A, Kang X, Carter CJ. A cell wall invertase controls nectar volume and sugar composition. Plant J 2021; 107:1016-1028. [PMID: 34048120 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nectar volume and sugar composition are key determinants of the strength of plant-pollinator mutualisms. The main nectar sugars are sucrose, glucose and fructose, which can vary widely in ratio and concentration across species. Brassica spp. produce a hexose-dominant nectar (high in the monosaccharides glucose and fructose) with very low levels of the disaccharide sucrose. Cell wall invertases (CWINVs) catalyze the irreversible hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose in the apoplast. We found that BrCWINV4A is highly expressed in the nectaries of Brassica rapa. Moreover, a brcwinv4a null mutant: (i) has greatly reduced CWINV activity in the nectaries; (ii) produces a sucrose-rich nectar; but (iii) with significantly less volume. These results definitively demonstrate that CWINV activity is not only essential for the production of a hexose-rich nectar, but also support a hypothetical model of nectar secretion in which its hydrolase activity is required for maintaining a high intracellular-to-extracellular sucrose ratio that facilitates the continuous export of sucrose into the nectary apoplast. The extracellular hydrolysis of each sucrose into two hexoses by BrCWINV4A also likely creates the osmotic potential required for nectar droplet formation. These results cumulatively indicate that modulation of CWINV activity can at least partially account for naturally occurring differences in nectar volume and sugar composition. Finally, honeybees prefer nectars with some sucrose, but wild-type B. rapa flowers were much more heavily visited than flowers of brcwinv4a, suggesting that the potentially attractive sucrose-rich nectar of brcwinv4a could not compensate for its low volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzu Minami
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Xiaojun Kang
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Clay J Carter
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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Li W, Huang L, Liu N, Pandey MK, Chen Y, Cheng L, Guo J, Yu B, Luo H, Zhou X, Huai D, Chen W, Yan L, Wang X, Lei Y, Varshney RK, Liao B, Jiang H. Key Regulators of Sucrose Metabolism Identified through Comprehensive Comparative Transcriptome Analysis in Peanuts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147266. [PMID: 34298903 PMCID: PMC8306169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose content is a crucial indicator of quality and flavor in peanut seed, and there is a lack of clarity on the molecular basis of sucrose metabolism in peanut seed. In this context, we performed a comprehensive comparative transcriptome study on the samples collected at seven seed development stages between a high-sucrose content variety (ICG 12625) and a low-sucrose content variety (Zhonghua 10). The transcriptome analysis identified a total of 8334 genes exhibiting significantly different abundances between the high- and low-sucrose varieties. We identified 28 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in sucrose metabolism in peanut and 12 of these encoded sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEETs). The remaining 16 genes encoded enzymes, such as cell wall invertase (CWIN), vacuolar invertase (VIN), cytoplasmic invertase (CIN), cytosolic fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphate phosphatase (FBP), sucrose synthase (SUS), cytosolic phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), hexokinase (HK), and sucrose-phosphate phosphatase (SPP). The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified seven genes encoding key enzymes (CIN, FBA, FBP, HK, and SPP), three SWEET genes, and 90 transcription factors (TFs) showing a high correlation with sucrose content. Furthermore, upon validation, six of these genes were successfully verified as exhibiting higher expression in high-sucrose recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Our study suggested the key roles of the high expression of SWEETs and enzymes in sucrose synthesis making the genotype ICG 12625 sucrose-rich. This study also provided insights into the molecular basis of sucrose metabolism during seed development and facilitated exploring key candidate genes and molecular breeding for sucrose content in peanuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Li Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Nian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India; (M.K.P.); (R.K.V.)
| | - Yuning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Liangqiang Cheng
- Oil Research Institute of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang 550006, China;
| | - Jianbin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Bolun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Huaiyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Xiaojing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Dongxin Huai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Weigang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Liying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Yong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India; (M.K.P.); (R.K.V.)
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia
| | - Boshou Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (W.L.); (L.H.); (N.L.); (Y.C.); (J.G.); (B.Y.); (H.L.); (X.Z.); (D.H.); (W.C.); (L.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-8671-1550; Fax: +86-27-8681-6451
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Orzechowski S, Sitnicka D, Grabowska A, Compart J, Fettke J, Zdunek-Zastocka E. Effect of Short-Term Cold Treatment on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Potato Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137203. [PMID: 34281256 PMCID: PMC8268532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are often challenged by an array of unfavorable environmental conditions. During cold exposure, many changes occur that include, for example, the stabilization of cell membranes, alterations in gene expression and enzyme activities, as well as the accumulation of metabolites. In the presented study, the carbohydrate metabolism was analyzed in the very early response of plants to a low temperature (2 °C) in the leaves of 5-week-old potato plants of the Russet Burbank cultivar during the first 12 h of cold treatment (2 h dark and 10 h light). First, some plant stress indicators were examined and it was shown that short-term cold exposure did not significantly affect the relative water content and chlorophyll content (only after 12 h), but caused an increase in malondialdehyde concentration and a decrease in the expression of NDA1, a homolog of the NADH dehydrogenase gene. In addition, it was shown that the content of transitory starch increased transiently in the very early phase of the plant response (3–6 h) to cold treatment, and then its decrease was observed after 12 h. In contrast, soluble sugars such as glucose and fructose were significantly increased only at the end of the light period, where a decrease in sucrose content was observed. The availability of the monosaccharides at constitutively high levels, regardless of the temperature, may delay the response to cold, involving amylolytic starch degradation in chloroplasts. The decrease in starch content, observed in leaves after 12 h of cold exposure, was preceded by a dramatic increase in the transcript levels of the key enzymes of starch degradation initiation, the α-glucan, water dikinase (GWD-EC 2.7.9.4) and the phosphoglucan, water dikinase (PWD-EC 2.7.9.5). The gene expression of both dikinases peaked at 9 h of cold exposure, as analyzed by real-time PCR. Moreover, enhanced activities of the acid invertase as well as of both glucan phosphorylases during exposure to a chilling temperature were observed. However, it was also noticed that during the light phase, there was a general increase in glucan phosphorylase activities for both control and cold-stressed plants irrespective of the temperature. In conclusion, a short-term cold treatment alters the carbohydrate metabolism in the leaves of potato, which leads to an increase in the content of soluble sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Orzechowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (A.G.); (E.Z.-Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-225-932-560; Fax: +48-225-932-561
| | - Dorota Sitnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (A.G.); (E.Z.-Z.)
| | - Agnieszka Grabowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (A.G.); (E.Z.-Z.)
| | - Julia Compart
- Biopolymer Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 Building 20, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (J.C.); (J.F.)
| | - Joerg Fettke
- Biopolymer Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 Building 20, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (J.C.); (J.F.)
| | - Edyta Zdunek-Zastocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (A.G.); (E.Z.-Z.)
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Li J, Foster R, Ma S, Liao SJ, Bliss S, Kartika D, Wang L, Wu L, Eamens AL, Ruan YL. Identification of transcription factors controlling cell wall invertase gene expression for reproductive development via bioinformatic and transgenic analyses. Plant J 2021; 106:1058-1074. [PMID: 33650173 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall invertase (CWIN) hydrolyses sucrose into glucose and fructose in the extracellular matrix and plays crucial roles in assimilate partitioning and sugar signalling. However, the molecular regulators controlling CWIN gene transcription remain unknown. As the first step to address this issue, we performed bioinformatic and transgenic studies, which identified a cohort of transcription factors (TFs) modulating CWIN gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Comprehensive bioinformatic analyses identified 18 TFs as putative regulators of the expression of AtCWIN2 and AtCWIN4 that are predominantly expressed in Arabidopsis reproductive organs. Among them, MYB21, ARF6, ARF8, AP3 and CRC were subsequently shown to be the most likely regulators of CWIN gene expression based on molecular characterization of the respective mutant of each candidate TF. More specifically, the obtained data indicate that ARF6, ARF8 and MYB21 regulate CWIN2 expression in the anthers and CWIN4 in nectaries, anthers and petals, whereas AP3 and CRC were determined primarily to regulate the transcriptional activity of CWIN4. TF-promoter interaction assays demonstrated that ARF6 and ARF8 directly control CWIN2 and CWIN4 transcription with AP3 activating CWIN4. The involvement of ARF8 in regulating CWIN4 expression was further supported by the finding that enhanced CWIN4 expression partially recovered the short silique phenotype displayed by the arf8-3 mutant. The identification of the five TFs regulating CWIN expression serves as a launching pad for future studies to dissect the upstream molecular network underpinning the transcription of CWINs and provides a new avenue, potentially, to engineer assimilate allocation and reproductive development for improving seed yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Ryan Foster
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Si Ma
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sheng-Jin Liao
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Samuel Bliss
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Dewi Kartika
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Limin Wu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Andrew L Eamens
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Yong-Ling Ruan
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Fuhren J, Schwalbe M, Rösch C, Nijland R, Wels M, Schols HA, Kleerebezem M. Dietary Inulin Increases Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strain Lp900 Persistence in Rats Depending on the Dietary-Calcium Level. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e00122-21. [PMID: 33608291 PMCID: PMC8091021 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00122-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Synbiotics are food supplements that combine probiotics and prebiotics to synergistically elicit health benefits in the consumer. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains display high survival during transit through the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and were shown to have health-promoting properties. Growth on the fructose polysaccharide inulin is relatively uncommon in L. plantarum, and in this study we describe FosE, a plasmid-encoded β-fructosidase of L. plantarum strain Lp900 which has inulin-hydrolyzing properties. FosE contains an LPxTG-like motif involved in sortase-dependent cell wall anchoring but is also (partially) released in the culture supernatant. In addition, we examined the effect of diet supplementation with inulin on the intestinal persistence of Lp900 in adult male Wistar rats in diets with distinct calcium levels. Inulin supplementation in high-dietary-calcium diets significantly increased the intestinal persistence of L. plantarum Lp900, whereas this effect was not observed upon inulin supplementation of the low-calcium diet. Moreover, intestinal persistence of L. plantarum Lp900 was determined when provided as a probiotic (by itself) or as a synbiotic (i.e., in an inulin suspension) in rats that were fed unsupplemented diets containing the different calcium levels, revealing that the synbiotic administration increased bacterial survival and led to higher abundance of L. plantarum Lp900 in rats, particularly in a low-calcium-diet context. Our findings demonstrate that inulin supplementation can significantly enhance the intestinal delivery of L. plantarum Lp900 but that this effect strongly depends on calcium levels in the diet.IMPORTANCE Synbiotics combine probiotics with prebiotics to synergistically elicit a health benefit in the consumer. Previous studies have shown that prebiotics can selectively stimulate the growth in the intestine of specific bacterial strains. In synbiotic supplementations the prebiotics constituent could increase the intestinal persistence and survival of accompanying probiotic strain(s) and/or modulate the endogenous host microbiota to contribute to the synergistic enhancement of the health-promoting effects of the synbiotic constituents. Our study establishes a profound effect of dietary-calcium-dependent inulin supplementation on the intestinal persistence of inulin-utilizing L. plantarum Lp900 in rats. We also show that in rats on a low-dietary-calcium regime, the survival and intestinal abundance of L. plantarum Lp900 are significantly increased by administering it as an inulin-containing synbiotic. This study demonstrates that prebiotics can enhance the intestinal delivery of specific probiotics and that the prebiotic effect is profoundly influenced by the calcium content of the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jori Fuhren
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Schwalbe
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christiane Rösch
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reindert Nijland
- Marine Animal Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henk A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Laurent J, Aerts A, Gordon J, Gupta P, Voet ARD, Verstrepen KJ, Courtin CM. Small Differences in SUC Gene Sequences Impact Saccharomyces cerevisiae Invertase Activity and Specificity toward Fructans with Different Chain Lengths. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:1925-1935. [PMID: 33533594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)invertase is encoded by a family of closely related SUC genes. To identify and understand the molecular basis for differences in substrate specificity, we examined 29 SUC alleles from industrialS. cerevisiaestrains and cloned alleles with small sequence differences into an invertase-negative strain. Our study showed that an F102Y substitution in Suc-enzymes lowers yeast invertase activity toward fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) by 36% and the specificity factor by 43%. By contrast, an A409P substitution in Suc-enzymes resulted in an increased capacity of the yeast to hydrolyze FOS and Fibruline by 17 and 41%, respectively, likely because of a change in the loop conformation resulting in a wider active site. Bread dough fermentation experiments revealed that sucrose and fructan hydrolysis during fermentation is influenced by this natural variation in SUC sequences. Our research thus opens the door for the selection or engineering of yeasts and Suc-enzymes with specific activities that may ultimately allow controlling fructan hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Laurent
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anouk Aerts
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Gordon
- VIB-KU Leuven Laboratory for Systems Biology & CMPG Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S) and VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Bio-Incubator Leuven, Gaston Geenslaan 1, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Purvi Gupta
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arnout R D Voet
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin J Verstrepen
- VIB-KU Leuven Laboratory for Systems Biology & CMPG Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S) and VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Bio-Incubator Leuven, Gaston Geenslaan 1, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe M Courtin
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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39
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Miyazaki T, Oba N, Park EY. Structural insight into the substrate specificity of Bombyx mori β-fructofuranosidase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 32. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 127:103494. [PMID: 33132139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose-hydrolyzing enzymes are largely divided into β-fructofuranosidase and sucrose α-glucosidase. The domestic silkworm Bombyx mori possesses both enzymes, BmSUC1 and BmSUH, belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 32 (GH32) and GH13, respectively. BmSUC1 was presumed to be acquired by horizontal gene transfer from bacteria based on phylogenetic analysis and related to tolerance to sugar-mimic alkaloids contained in mulberry latex. Here we investigated the substrate specificity of recombinant BmSUC1 that can hydrolyze not only sucrose but also fructooligosaccharides and fructans, and revealed that the enzyme was competitively inhibited by 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol, one of the alkaloids. Moreover, the crystal structures of BmSUC1 in apo form and complex with sucrose were determined, and the active site pocket was shallow and suitable for shorter substrates but was related to more relaxed substrate specificity than the strict sucrose α-glucosidase BmSUH. Considering together with the distribution of BmSUC1-orthologous genes in many lepidopterans, our results suggest that BmSUC1 contributes to the digestion of fructooligosaccharides and fructans derived from feed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatsugu Miyazaki
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Oba
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
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40
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Zhu YC, Caren J, Reddy GVP, Li W, Yao J. Effect of age on insecticide susceptibility and enzymatic activities of three detoxification enzymes and one invertase in honey bee workers (Apis mellifera). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 238:108844. [PMID: 32777468 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Honey bee is an economically important insect for honey production and pollination. Frequent exposure to toxic pesticides is one of the major risk factors causing the pollinator population decline. However, age effects of honey bees on pesticide susceptibility have been largely ignored and many researchers use bees of unknown age for assessing the risk of pesticides. Honey bee workers are known to go through physiological and behavioral changes in order to differentiate different phenotypes to perform specific duties over their natural lifetime of 6 weeks or longer. In this study, we provide multi-parameter evidences of unignorable age effects of honey bee workers and suggest using a standard bee age to produce reliable and comparable data when assessing variable and realistic situations of in-hive and field exposures to pesticides. Using honey bee workers aged 4- to 42-days old, we examined susceptibility of the bees to five different insecticides from five different classes and measured enzymatic activities of three major detoxification enzymes and an invertase involved in honey production. Results showed gradual increase of natural mortality and decrease of soluble protein content in bees over the age span from 4 days to 42 days. Significant increases of mortality after separate treatments of five different insecticides confirmed drastic age effects of bees over the assessed age span. As they aged, honey bees also showed a gradual increase of cytochrome P450 oxidase activity while still maintaining constant levels of two other detoxification enzymes (esterase and glutathione S-transferase) and an invertase responsible for honey production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cheng Zhu
- USDA-ARS-JWDSRC, Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
| | - Joel Caren
- USDA-ARS-JWDSRC, Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - Gadi V P Reddy
- USDA-ARS-JWDSRC, Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - Wenhong Li
- USDA-ARS-JWDSRC, Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA; Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jianxiu Yao
- USDA-ARS-JWDSRC, Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA; Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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Machín B, Chaves S, Ávila C, Pera LM, Chehín RN, Vera Pingitore E. Highly reusable invertase biocatalyst: Biological fibrils functionalized by photocrosslinking. Food Chem 2020; 331:127322. [PMID: 32569968 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a novel strategy for the immobilization of invertase using amyloid-like fibrils as a support. Optimal conditions to get Tyr-Tyr covalent binding between invertase and the support were determined using a photocrosslinking approach. The biological fibrils with invertase activity turn into microstructured catalysts according to electron microscopy outcomes. Thermal and storage stability as well as optimal pH and temperature of the enzyme were conserved. Moreover, the immobilized enzyme recovered by low g-force centrifugation retained 83% of its initial enzymatic activity after 15 reuse cycles. Considering that enzyme cost is the most significant part of the overall fee of enzymatic biomass conversion, the highly efficient recovery/reuse strategy described herein becomes relevant. Besides, it can also be applied to the immobilization of other enzymes for industrial biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Machín
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular y Celular Aplicada (IMMCA), SIPROSA-CONICET-UNT. Dorrego 1080, T4000NXB, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Silvina Chaves
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular y Celular Aplicada (IMMCA), SIPROSA-CONICET-UNT. Dorrego 1080, T4000NXB, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - César Ávila
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular y Celular Aplicada (IMMCA), SIPROSA-CONICET-UNT. Dorrego 1080, T4000NXB, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Licia María Pera
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Belgrano and Caseros corner, T4001MVB, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Rosana Nieves Chehín
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular y Celular Aplicada (IMMCA), SIPROSA-CONICET-UNT. Dorrego 1080, T4000NXB, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Esteban Vera Pingitore
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular y Celular Aplicada (IMMCA), SIPROSA-CONICET-UNT. Dorrego 1080, T4000NXB, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Niu FX, He X, Huang YB, Liu JZ. Biosensor-Guided Atmospheric and Room-Temperature Plasma Mutagenesis and Shuffling for High-Level Production of Shikimic Acid from Sucrose in Escherichia coli. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:11765-11773. [PMID: 33030899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Here, we first developed a combined strain improvement strategy of biosensor-guided atmospheric and room-temperature plasma mutagenesis and genome shuffling. Application of this strategy resulted in a 2.7-fold increase in the production of shikimic acid (SA) and a 2.0-fold increase in growth relative to those of the starting strain. Whole-cell resequencing of the shuffled strain and confirmation using CRISPRa/CRISPRi revealed that some membrane protein-related mutant genes are identified as being closely related to the higher SA titer. The engineered shuffling strain produced 18.58 ± 0.56 g/L SA from glucose with a yield of 68% (mol/mol) by fed-batch whole-cell biocatalysis, achieving 79% of the theoretical maximum. Sucrose-utilizing Escherichia coli was engineered for SA production by introducing Mannheimia succiniciproducens β-fructofuranosidase gene. The resulting sucrose-utilizing E. coli strain produced 24.64 ± 0.32 g/L SA from sucrose with a yield of 1.42 mol/mol by fed-batch whole-cell biocatalysis, achieving 83% of the theoretical maximum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Xing Niu
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xin He
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuan-Bin Huang
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Liu
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Meng LS, Wei ZQ, Cao XY, Tong C, Lv MJ, Yu F, Loake GJ. Cytosolic Invertase-Mediated Root Growth Is Feedback Regulated by a Glucose-Dependent Signaling Loop. Plant Physiol 2020; 184:895-908. [PMID: 32820066 PMCID: PMC7536704 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The disaccharide Suc cannot be utilized directly; rather, it is irreversibly hydrolyzed by invertase to the hexoses Glc and Fru to shape plant growth. In this context, Glc controls the stability of the transcription factor Ethylene-Insensitive3 (EIN3) via the function of Hexokinase1 (HXK1), a Glc sensor. Thus, invertase, especially the major neutral cytosolic invertase (CINV), constitutes a key point of control for plant growth. However, the cognate regulatory mechanisms that modulate CINV activity remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), EIN3 binds directly to both the promoters of Production of Anthocyanin Pigment1 (PAP1) and Phosphatidylinositol Monophosphate 5-Kinase 9 (PIP5K9), repressing and enhancing, respectively, their expression. Subsequently, PAP1 binds directly to and promotes transcription of the Cytosolic Invertase1 (CINV1) promoter, while PIP5K9 interacts with and negatively regulates CINV1. The accumulated CINV1 subsequently hydrolyzes Suc, releasing the sequestered signaling cue, Glc, which has been shown to negatively regulate the stability of EIN3 via HXK1. We conclude that a CINV1-Glc-HXK1-EIN3-PAP1/PIP5K9-CINV1 loop contributes to the modulation of CINV1 activity regulating root growth by Glc signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Sheng Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qin Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ying Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Jiao Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Gary J Loake
- Jiangsu Normal University-Edinburgh University, Centre for Transformative Biotechnology of Medicinal and Food Plants, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, United Kingdom
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Zhao H, Sun S, Zhang L, Yang J, Wang Z, Ma F, Li M. Carbohydrate metabolism and transport in apple roots under nitrogen deficiency. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 155:455-463. [PMID: 32823246 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soluble sugars play important roles in plant development and stress response, and the nitrogen supply level can affect the among-organ distribution and metabolism of sugar in plants and, in turn, plant growth. To explore the adaptive response of apple root growth to nitrogen supply and its relationship with sugar metabolism, we used a hydroponic culture system to study how the nitrogen supply affects soluble sugar concentrations and sugar metabolism in apple roots. In hydroponic seedlings of Malus hupehensis, low nitrogen application caused rapid and vigorous proliferation of lateral roots, and the transcript levels of MdSOT1 and MdSUT3, which are involved in photoassimilate unloading in roots, were upregulated. The accumulation of sorbitol and sucrose in the fine roots was higher, and the activities of sucrose synthase, invertase and sorbitol dehydrogenase, which are involved in the degradation of sucrose and sorbitol, were significantly increased under a low nitrogen supply. Genes involved in sugar degradation, such as MdSDH1, MdSuSy5, and MdNINV3, play important roles in the efficient use of sorbitol and sucrose under nitrogen deficiency. Additionally, the activity of fructokinase and hexokinase, which are involved in hexose phosphorylation, and transcript levels of MdFRK2 and MdHK3 were significantly upregulated under nitrogen deficiency, and the hexose phosphate products F6P and G6P accumulated greatly in the roots. These results showed that the sugar metabolism capability and sink strength of the roots increased under low nitrogen, indicating that low nitrogen promotes the utilization of sugar in the roots to meet the demand for sugar under rapid root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Simin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Lihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Jingjing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhengyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Mingjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Wang J, Sun W, Kong X, Zhao C, Li J, Chen Y, Gao Z, Zuo K. The peptidyl-prolyl isomerases FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2 negatively affect lateral root development by repressing the vacuolar invertase VIN2 in Arabidopsis. Planta 2020; 252:52. [PMID: 32945964 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The peptidyl-prolyl isomerases FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2 negatively modulate lateral root development by repressing vacuolar invertase VIN2 activity. Lateral root (LR) architecture greatly affects the efficiency of nutrient absorption and the anchorage of plants. Although the internal phytohormone regulatory mechanisms that control LR development are well known, how external nutrients influence lateral root development remains elusive. Here, we characterized the function of two FK506-binding proteins, namely, FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2, in Arabidopsis. FKBP15-1/15-2 genes were expressed prominently in the vascular bundles of the root basal meristem region, and the FKBP15-1/15-2 proteins were localized to the endoplasmic reticulum of the cells. Using IP-MS, Co-IP, and BiFC assays, we demonstrated that FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2 interacted with vacuolar invertase 2 (VIN2). Compared to Col-0 and the single mutants, the fkbp15-1fkbp15-2 double mutant had more LRs, and presented higher sucrose catalytic activity. Moreover, genetic analysis showed genetic epistasis of VIN2 over FKBP15-1/FKBP15-2 in controlling LR development. Our results indicate that FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2 participate in the control of LR number by inhibiting the catalytic activity of VIN2. Owing to the conserved peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase activity of FKBP family proteins, our results provide a clue for further analysis of the interplay between lateral root development and protein modification by FKBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiuzhen Kong
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianfu Li
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhengyin Gao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kaijing Zuo
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Acín Albiac M, Di Cagno R, Filannino P, Cantatore V, Gobbetti M. How fructophilic lactic acid bacteria may reduce the FODMAPs content in wheat-derived baked goods: a proof of concept. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:182. [PMID: 32943064 PMCID: PMC7499921 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND FODMAPs (Fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) intake is associated with the onset of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. FODMAPs in wheat-derived baked goods may be reduced via bioprocessing by endogenous enzymes and/or microbial fermentation. Because of the inherent enzyme activities, bread made by baker's yeast and sourdough may result in decreased levels of FODMAPs, whose values are, however, not enough low for people sensitive to FODMAPs. RESULTS Our study investigated the complementary capability of targeted commercial enzymes and metabolically strictly fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB) to hydrolyze fructans and deplete fructose during wheat dough fermentation. FLAB strains displayed higher fructose consumption rate compared to conventional sourdough lactic acid bacteria. Fructose metabolism by FLAB was faster than glucose. The catabolism of mannitol with the goal of its reuse by FLAB was also investigated. Under sourdough conditions, higher fructans breakdown occurred in FLAB inoculated doughs compared to conventional sourdough bacteria. Preliminary trials allowed selecting Apilactobacillus kunkeei B23I and Fructobacillus fructosus MBIII5 as starter candidates, which were successfully applied in synergy with commercial invertase for low FODMAPs baking. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study clearly demonstrated the potential of selected strictly FLAB to strongly reduce FODMAPs in wheat dough, especially under liquid-dough and high oxygenation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Acín Albiac
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Libera Università di Bolzano, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Cagno
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Libera Università di Bolzano, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Filannino
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Cantatore
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbetti
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Libera Università di Bolzano, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
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Vu DP, Martins Rodrigues C, Jung B, Meissner G, Klemens PAW, Holtgräwe D, Fürtauer L, Nägele T, Nieberl P, Pommerrenig B, Neuhaus HE. Vacuolar sucrose homeostasis is critical for plant development, seed properties, and night-time survival in Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:4930-4943. [PMID: 32361766 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Most cellular sucrose is present in the cytosol and vacuoles of plant cells; however, little is known about the effect of this sucrose compartmentation on plant properties. Here, we examined the effects of altered intracellular sucrose compartmentation in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves by heterologously expressing the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) vacuolar sucrose loader BvTST2.1 and by generating lines with reduced vacuolar invertase activity (amiR vi1-2). Heterologous expression of BvTST2.1 led to increased monosaccharide levels in leaves, whereas sucrose levels remained constant, indicating that vacuolar invertase activity in mesophyll vacuoles exceeds sucrose uptake. This notion was supported by analysis of tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) leaves transiently expressing BvTST2.1 and the invertase inhibitor NbVIF. However, sucrose levels were strongly elevated in leaf extracts from amiR vi1-2 lines, and experiments confirmed that sucrose accumulated in the corresponding vacuoles. The amiR vi1-2 lines exhibited impaired early development and reduced seed weight. When germinated in the dark, amiR vi1-2 seedlings were less able to convert sucrose into monosaccharides than the wild type. Cold temperatures strongly down-regulated both VI genes, but the amiR vi1-2 lines showed normal frost tolerance. These observations indicate that increased vacuolar sucrose levels fully compensate for the effects of low monosaccharide concentrations on frost tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Phuong Vu
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Jung
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Garvin Meissner
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Patrick A W Klemens
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Daniela Holtgräwe
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Biologie, Genetik & Genomik der Pflanzen, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lisa Fürtauer
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Biologie I, Evolutionäre Zellbiologie der Pflanzen, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Nägele
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Biologie I, Evolutionäre Zellbiologie der Pflanzen, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Petra Nieberl
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fakultät für Biologie, Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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48
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Liao S, Wang L, Li J, Ruan YL. Cell Wall Invertase Is Essential for Ovule Development through Sugar Signaling Rather Than Provision of Carbon Nutrients. Plant Physiol 2020; 183:1126-1144. [PMID: 32332089 PMCID: PMC7333721 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ovule formation is essential for realizing crop yield because it determines seed number. The underlying molecular mechanism, however, remains elusive. Here, we show that cell wall invertase (CWIN) functions as a positive regulator of ovule initiation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). In situ hybridization revealed that CWIN2 and CWIN4 were expressed at the placenta region where ovule primordia initiated. Specific silencing of CWIN2 and CWIN4 using targeted artificial microRNA driven by an ovule-specific SEEDSTICK promoter (pSTK) resulted in a substantial reduction of CWIN transcript and activity, which blocked ovule initiation and aggravated ovule abortion. There was no induction of carbon (C) starvation genes in the transgenic lines, and supplementing newly forming floral buds with extra C failed to recover the ovule phenotype. This indicates that suppression of CWIN did not lead to C starvation. A group of hexose transporters was downregulated in the transgenic plants. Among them, two representative ones were spatially coexpressed with CWIN2 and CWIN4, suggesting a coupling between CWIN and hexose transporters for ovule initiation. RNA-sequencing analysis identified differentially expressed genes encoding putative extracellular receptor-like kinases, MADS-box transcription factors, including STK, and early auxin response genes in response to CWIN-silencing. Our data demonstrate the essential role of CWIN in ovule initiation, which is most likely to occur through sugar signaling instead of C nutrient contribution. We propose that CWIN-mediated sugar signaling may be perceived by, and transmitted through, hexose transporters or receptor-like kinases to regulate ovule formation by modulating downstream auxin signaling and MADS-box transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjin Liao
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Jun Li
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Yong-Ling Ruan
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences and Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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Logtenberg MJ, Akkerman R, An R, Hermes GDA, de Haan BJ, Faas MM, Zoetendal EG, Schols HA, de Vos P. Fermentation of Chicory Fructo-Oligosaccharides and Native Inulin by Infant Fecal Microbiota Attenuates Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Immature Dendritic Cells in an Infant-Age-Dependent and Fructan-Specific Way. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000068. [PMID: 32420676 PMCID: PMC7378940 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Inulin-type fructans are commonly applied in infant formula to support development of gut microbiota and immunity. These inulin-type fructans are considered to be fermented by gut microbiota, but it is unknown how fermentation impacts immune modulating capacity and whether the process of fermentation is dependent on the infant's age. METHODS AND RESULTS The in vitro fermentation of chicory fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and native inulin are investigated using pooled fecal inocula of two- and eight-week-old infants. Both inocula primarily utilize the trisaccharides in FOS, while they almost completely utilize native inulin with degree of polymerization (DP) 3-8. Fecal microbiota of eight-week-old infants degrades longer chains of native inulin up to DP 16. This correlates with a higher abundance of Bifidobacterium and higher production of acetate and lactate after 26 h of fermentation. Fermented FOS and native inulin attenuate pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by immature dendritic cells (DCs), but profiles and magnitude of attenuation are stronger with native inulin than with FOS. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate that fermentation of FOS and native inulin is dependent on the infant's age and fructan structure. Fermentation enhances attenuating effects of pro-inflammatory responses in DCs, which depend mainly on microbial metabolites formed during fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelon J. Logtenberg
- Laboratory of Food ChemistryWageningen University and ResearchBornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WGWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Renate Akkerman
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Centre GroningenHanzeplein 1, 9700 RBGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ran An
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 4, 6708 WEWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerben D. A. Hermes
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 4, 6708 WEWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Bart J. de Haan
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Centre GroningenHanzeplein 1, 9700 RBGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Marijke M. Faas
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Centre GroningenHanzeplein 1, 9700 RBGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Erwin G. Zoetendal
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 4, 6708 WEWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Henk A. Schols
- Laboratory of Food ChemistryWageningen University and ResearchBornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WGWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Centre GroningenHanzeplein 1, 9700 RBGroningenThe Netherlands
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50
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Luo J, Peng F, Zhang S, Xiao Y, Zhang Y. The protein kinase FaSnRK1α regulates sucrose accumulation in strawberry fruits. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 151:369-377. [PMID: 32276220 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In strawberry, sucrose is the major form of carbohydrate translocated from the leaves to the fruits and plays an important role in fruit ripening. As a conserved energy sensor, sucrose nonfermenting-1 (SNF1)-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) plays an important role in plant carbon metabolism. However, evidence that SnRK1 regulates sucrose accumulation in fruits is lacking. In this study, we transiently expressed FaSnRK1α in strawberry fruits and found that overexpression (OE) of the FaSnRK1α gene significantly increased the sucrose content, whereas repression of FaSnRK1α by RNA interference (RNAi) decreased the sucrose content. Further analysis revealed that FaSnRK1α increased the expression of FaSUS1 and FaSUS3 as well as the activity of sucrose synthase (SUS; EC 2.4.1.13) and that FaSPS1 expression and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS; EC 2.4.1.14) activity were strongly downregulated, which decreased the accumulation of sucrose. However, the expression of FaSPS3, which is reported to contribute to sucrose accumulation, was induced by FaSnRK1α, and FaNI expression and invertase (INV; EC 3.2.1.26) activity were upregulated by FaSnRK1α. In addition, FaSnRK1α positively upregulated the expression of the sucrose transporter (SUT) genes FaSUT1 and FaSUT5 and interacted with FaSUS1, FaSPS1 and FaSPS3 proteins but not with FaSUS3, FaNI, FaSUT1 or FaSUT5 proteins. Overall, FaSnRK1α systematically regulates the expression of the genes and activities of key enzymes involved in the sucrose metabolic pathway and promotes the long-distance transport of sucrose, thereby increasing sucrose accumulation and ultimately promoting fruit ripening. However, the mechanisms by which sucrose transport and degradation are regulated by SnRK1 warrant additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China.
| | - Futian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China.
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China.
| | - Yuansong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China.
| | - Yafei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China.
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