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Forooghi K, Amiri Rudbari H, Stagno C, Iraci N, Cuevas-Vicario JV, Kordestani N, Schirmeister T, Efferth T, Omer EA, Moini N, Aryaeifar M, Blacque O, Azadbakht R, Micale N. Structural features and antiproliferative activity of Pd(II) complexes with halogenated ligands: a comparative study between Schiff base and reduced Schiff base complexes. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38855858 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00132j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
In order to investigate the structural features and antiproliferative activity of Pd(II) complexes containing halogenated ligands with different flexibility, several Schiff base and reduced Schiff base Pd(II) complexes, namely X1X2PicPd, X1X2PyPd, X1X2Pic(R)Pd, and X1X2Py(R)Pd (where X1 = X2 = Cl, Br and I; Pic: 2-picolylamine; Py = 2-(2-pyridyl)ethylamine), were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods and, in the case of Br2PyPd, Cl2Py(R)Pd and ClBrPy(R)Pd, also by X-ray crystallography. The results of the X-ray crystallography showed that in both series of complexes the Pd(II) ion has a distorted square-planar geometry, although the coordination modes of the two ligands are different. In the Schiff base-type complexes the ligand acts as a tridentate chelate with NN'O donor atoms, whereas in the reduced Schiff base-type complexes the ligand acts as a bidentate chelate with NN' donor atoms. In both series of complexes, the chloride ions occupy the residual coordination sites of the Pd(II) ion. TD-DFT calculations were performed for a better understanding of the UV-Vis spectra. From these calculations it was found that the signal appearing at ∼400 nm in the complexes with reduced Schiff base ligands (X1X2Pic(R)Pd and X1X2Py(R)Pd) is mainly due to a HOMO → LUMO transition, while for the Schiff base complex ClBrPyPd the signal is due to a HOMO → LUMO+1 transition. For the complex I2PicPd, combinations of HOMO-4 → LUMO and HOMO-2 → LUMO transitions were found to be responsible for that signal. In regard to the biological activity profile, all complexes were first investigated as proteasome inhibitors by fluorometric methods. From these enzymatic assays, it emerged that they are good inhibitors with IC50 values in the low-micromolar range and that their inhibitory activity is strictly related to the presence of the metal ion. Subsequently they were also subjected to cell-based assays (the resazurin method) to assess their antiproliferative properties by using two leukemic cell lines, namely the drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM cell line and its multidrug-resistant sub-cell line CEM/ADR5000. In this test they displayed IC50 values in the sub-micromolar and low-micromolar range determined for a selected metal complex (Br2Pic(R)Pd) and ligand (Cl2Pic(R)), respectively. Moreover, docking studies were performed on the two expected molecular targets, i.e. proteasome and DNA, to shed light on the mechanisms of action of these types of Pd(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Forooghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Hadi Amiri Rudbari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Claudio Stagno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Nunzio Iraci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - José V Cuevas-Vicario
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Nazanin Kordestani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ejlal A Omer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nakisa Moini
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Aryaeifar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reza Azadbakht
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Nicola Micale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy.
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Shi DY, Zheng Y, Guo QS, Gong C, Xu X, Gao JP. Determination of total phenol and six polyphenolic components in the polyphenol extract of Cinnamomi cortex by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:6561-6570. [PMID: 38009205 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01501g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR) method was established for determining the total phenol and six polyphenolic components in the polyphenol extract of Cinnamomi cortex. The qNMR approach utilized DMSO-d6 as the deuterated solvent and potassium hydrogen phthalate as the internal standard for quantifying the total phenolic content, expressed as epicatechin equivalence in the sample. Two complementary qNMR methods with DMSO-d6 or D2O as solvent were established to simultaneously determine 6 polyphenol components in the cinnamon polyphenol extract, including epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechingallate (ECG), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG) and gallic acid (GA). Method validation demonstrated excellent precision with intraday relative standard deviation (RSD) below 1.08% and interday RSD below 1.48%. The linear correlation coefficient (r) exceeded 0.999, and the limits of detection (LOD) were from 0.01 to 0.14 mg mL-1, while the limits of quantification (LOQ) were from 0.07 to 0.69 mg mL-1. Recovery rates for this method fell within the range of 98.2% to 101.7%. Furthermore, the method has been successfully applied for determining the polyphenolic content in authentic cinnamon polyphenol extracts obtained from different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Yang Shi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Yu Zheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Qiang-Sheng Guo
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Can Gong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Xu Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Jian-Ping Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Venianakis T, Siskos MG, Papamokos G, Gerothanassis IP. Structural Studies of Monounsaturated and ω-3 Polyunsaturated Free Fatty Acids in Solution with the Combined Use οf NMR and DFT Calculations-Comparison with the Liquid State. Molecules 2023; 28:6144. [PMID: 37630396 PMCID: PMC10459368 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular structures, in chloroform and DMSO solution, of the free fatty acids (FFAs) caproleic acid, oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are reported with the combined use of NMR and DFT calculations. Variable temperature and concentration chemical shifts of the COOH protons, transient 1D NOE experiments and DFT calculations demonstrate the major contribution of low molecular weight aggregates of dimerized fatty acids through intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions of the carboxylic groups, with parallel and antiparallel interdigitated structures even at the low concentration of 20 mM in CDCl3. For the dimeric DHA, a structural model of an intermolecular hydrogen bond through carboxylic groups and an intermolecular hydrogen bond between the carboxylic group of one molecule and the ω-3 double bond of a second molecule is shown to play a role. In DMSO-d6 solution, NMR and DFT studies show that the carboxylic groups form strong intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions with a single discrete solvation molecule of DMSO. These solvation species form parallel and antiparallel interdigitated structures of low molecular weight, as in chloroform solution. This structural motif, therefore, is an intrinsic property of the FFAs, which is not strongly affected by the length and degree of unsaturation of the chain and the hydrogen bond ability of the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George Papamokos
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (T.V.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Ioannis P. Gerothanassis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (T.V.); (M.G.S.)
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Venianakis T, Siskos M, Papamokos G, Gerothanassis IP. NMR and DFT studies of monounsaturated and ω-3 polyunsaturated free fatty acids in the liquid state reveal a novel atomistic structural model of DHA. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Gerothanassis IP. Ligand-observed in-tube NMR in natural products research: A review on enzymatic biotransformations, protein-ligand interactions, and in-cell NMR spectroscopy. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Kader DA, Rashid SO, Omer KM. Green nanocomposite: fabrication, characterization, and photocatalytic application of vitamin C adduct-conjugated ZnO nanoparticles †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9963-9977. [PMID: 37006348 PMCID: PMC10050948 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06575d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the conjugation of metal oxide nanoparticles with organic moieties has attracted the attention of many researchers for various applications. In this research, the green and biodegradable vitamin C was employed in a facile and inexpensive procedure to synthesize the vitamin C adduct (3), which was then blended with green ZnONPs to fabricate a new composite category (ZnONPs@vitamin C adduct). The morphology and structural composition of the prepared ZnONPs and their composites were confirmed by several techniques: Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-vis differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and zeta potential measurements. The structural composition and conjugation strategies between the ZnONPs and vitamin C adduct were revealed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The experimental results for the ZnONPs showed that they possessed a nanocrystalline wurtzite structure with quasi-spherical particles with a polydisperse size ranging from 23 to 50 nm, while the particle size appeared greater in the FE-SEM images (band gap energy of 3.22 eV); after loading with the l-ascorbic acid adduct (3), the band gap energy dropped to 3.06 eV. Later, under solar light irradiation, the photocatalytic activities of both the synthesized ZnONPs@vitamin C adduct (4) and ZnONPs, including the stability, regeneration and reusability, catalyst amount, initial dye concentration, pH effect, and light source studies, were investigated in detail in the degradation of Congo red dye (CR). Furthermore, an extensive comparison between the fabricated ZnONPs, composite (4), and ZnONPs from previous studies was performed to gain insights to commercialize the catalyst (4). Under optimum conditions, the photodegradation of CR after 180 min was 54% for ZnONPs and 95% for the ZnONPs@l-ascorbic acid adduct. Moreover, the PL study confirmed the photocatalytic enhancement of the ZnONPs. The photocatalytic degradation fate was determined by LC-MS spectrometry. The photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO NPs is dramatically improved through the conjugation with benign l-ascorbic acid adduct.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana A. Kader
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of SulaimaniKurdistan RegionIraq
| | - Srood Omer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of SulaimaniKurdistan RegionIraq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of SulaimaniKurdistan RegionIraq
| | - Khalid M. Omer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of SulaimaniKurdistan RegionIraq
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Wekre ME, Hellesen Brunvoll S, Jordheim M. Advancing quantification methods for polyphenols in brown seaweeds-applying a selective qNMR method compared with the TPC assay. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:1099-1110. [PMID: 35796295 PMCID: PMC9796469 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brown seaweeds are a sustainable biomass with a potential for various industrial applications. Polyphenols are an important contributor to this potential. OBJECTIVE The aim was total quantification of polyphenols in brown seaweeds from different tidal zones, using a selective 1 H quantitative NMR (qNMR) method, comparing the results with the colorimetric Folin-Ciocalteu total phenolic content (TPC) assay. METHOD qNMR was performed with integration of selected peaks in the aromatic region (7-5.5 ppm). Deselection of non-polyphenolic 1 H signals was based on information from 2D (1 H-13 C, 1 H-15 N) NMR spectra. 13 C NMR phlorotannin characterisation facilitated the average number of protons expected to be found per aromatic ring used for the 1 H quantification. RESULTS Selective qNMR and the TPC assay showed similar results for the three sublittoral growing species from the Laminariaceae; lower amounts for Laminaria hyperborea and Laminaria digitata (qNMR: 0.4%-0.6%; TPC: 0.6%-0.8%, phloroglucinol equivalents (PGE), dry weight (DW)) and higher amounts for Saccharina latissima (qNMR: 1.2%; TPC: 1.5%, PGE, DW). For the eulittoral Fucaceae, Fucus vesiculosus (qNMR: 1.1%; TPC: 4.1%; PGE, DW) and Ascophyllum nodosum (qNMR: 0.9%; TPC: 2.0%; PGE, DW), the TPC results were found to be up to three times higher than the qNMR results. The 13 C NMR characterisation showed the highest phlorotannin polymerisation degree for F. vesiculosus. CONCLUSION The TPC assay provided similar polyphenolic amounts to the selective qNMR method for sublittoral species. For eulittoral growing species, the TPC method showed amounts up to three times higher than the qNMR method-most likely illustrating the lack of selectivity in the TPC assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Emilie Wekre
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Alginor ASAHaugesundNorway
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Yaseen Ahmed B, Omer Rashid S. Synthesis, characterization, and application of metal-free sulfonamide-vitamin C adduct to improve the optical properties of PVA polymer. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Ahmed R, Siskos MG, Siddiqui H, Gerothanassis IP. Density functional theory calculations of δ( 13 C) and δ( 1 H) chemical shifts and 3 J( 13 COO 1 H) coupling constants as structural and analytical tools in hydroperoxides: Prospects and limitations of 1 H 13 C heteronuclear multiple bond correlation experiments. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2022; 60:970-984. [PMID: 35830967 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of δ(13 C) and δ(1 H) chemical shifts and 3 J(13 COO1 H) coupling constants of three model hydroperoxides of the naturally occurring cis-11-OOH and trans-9-OOH isomers of oleate and 9-cis, 11-trans-16-OOH endo hydroperoxide of methyl linolenate are reported. The computational δ(OOH) for various functionals and basis sets were found to be nearly identical for the cis/trans geometric isomers. The chemical shifts of the methine CHOOH protons and carbons, on the contrary, are highly diagnostic for the identification of cis/trans geometric isomerism. The chemical shifts of the olefinic protons and carbons strongly depend on the orientation of the hydroperoxide unit relative to the double bond and, thus, of importance in conformational analysis. The results are in very good agreement with the available experimental data. For the various diastereomeric pairs of the model endo-hydroperoxide, the strongly deshielded OOH resonances, due to the presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the hydroperoxide proton and an oxygen of the endo-peroxide ring, along with the δ(CHOOH), are highly diagnostic for identification and structure elucidation of complex erythro- and threo- diastereomeric pairs of endo-hydroperoxides; the computational results are in very good agreement with the available experimental data. The 3 J(13 COO1 H) coupling constants were found to be < 2 Hz for the cis-trans geometric models and < 0.5 Hz for the endo-hydroperoxide and, thus, unimportant in stereochemical analysis. Sharp resonances of the hydroperoxide protons, with Δν1/2 < 3 Hz, are required for the successful implementation of the 1 H13 C heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheel Ahmed
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Michael G Siskos
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Hina Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ioannis P Gerothanassis
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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da Silva Santos É, Savam A, Cabral MRP, Castro JC, de Oliveira Collet SA, Mandim F, Calhelha RC, Barros L, da Silva Machado MDFP, de Oliveira AJB, Gonçalves RAC. Low-cost alternative for the bioproduction of bioactive phenolic compounds of callus cultures from Cereus hildmannianus (K.) Schum. J Biotechnol 2022; 356:8-18. [PMID: 35842071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a sustainable alternative callus culture of Cereus hildmannianus for the production and bioactive determination of phenolic compounds from this species. The conventional callus was cultivated using agar and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, while for the alternative culture the agar was replaced with a cotton support covered with filter paper and MS medium (incubated at 32°C with photoperiod of 16h), and the morphological characteristics and growth index were assessed (8 weeks). Extracts were obtained by maceration followed by partition, characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance - NMR and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography - UHPLC, quantified (phenolic compounds) by UV-Vis methods, and their antioxidant, antitumor activities, as well as cytotoxicity, were evaluated. The establishment of an alternative callus culture was carried out successfully. Characteristic signals of phenolic compounds were determined by NMR, and 46 compounds with fragment ions were identified using UHPLC analysis. The highest concentrations of phenolic compounds, and greatest antioxidant and antitumor activities, were obtained with the dichloromethane fractions of both callus tissue cultures, which were not cytotoxic. The callus culture from C. hildmannianus has shown promise as a source for the sustainable production of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and antiproliferative activities and thus, has potential use as a natural antitumor product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éverton da Silva Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PCF), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Aline Savam
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Márcia Regina Pereira Cabral
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PCF), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cristina Castro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PCF), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Sandra Aparecida de Oliveira Collet
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Filipa Mandim
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ricardo C Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | | | - Arildo José Braz de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PCF), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil; Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Regina Aparecida Correia Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PCF), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil; Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, 87.020-900, Maringá, Brazil.
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Kontogianni VG, Gerothanassis IP. Analytical and Structural Tools of Lipid Hydroperoxides: Present State and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2022; 27:2139. [PMID: 35408537 PMCID: PMC9000705 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mono- and polyunsaturated lipids are particularly susceptible to peroxidation, which results in the formation of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) as primary nonradical-reaction products. LOOHs may undergo degradation to various products that have been implicated in vital biological reactions, and thus in the pathogenesis of various diseases. The structure elucidation and qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipid hydroperoxides are therefore of great importance. The objectives of the present review are to provide a critical analysis of various methods that have been widely applied, and more specifically on volumetric methods, applications of UV-visible, infrared, Raman/surface-enhanced Raman, fluorescence and chemiluminescence spectroscopies, chromatographic methods, hyphenated MS techniques, NMR and chromatographic methods, NMR spectroscopy in mixture analysis, structural investigations based on quantum chemical calculations of NMR parameters, applications in living cells, and metabolomics. Emphasis will be given to analytical and structural methods that can contribute significantly to the molecular basis of the chemical process involved in the formation of lipid hydroperoxides without the need for the isolation of the individual components. Furthermore, future developments in the field will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki G. Kontogianni
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis P. Gerothanassis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Yin T, Lu J, Liu Q, Zhu G, Zhang W, Jiang Z. Validated Quantitative 1H NMR Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Indole Alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31810-31817. [PMID: 34870003 PMCID: PMC8638010 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis, known as "Gou-Teng" in Chinese, is derived mainly from the dried hook-bearing stems of Uncaria rhynchophylla. Quantitative determination of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids is critical for controlling its quality. In the present study, a rapid, accurate, and precise method was developed for the simultaneous quantitation of four characteristic components, namely, rhynchophylline (1), isorhynchophylline (2), corynoxeine (3), and isocorynoxeine (4), through 1H NMR spectrometry techniques. This method was performed on a 600 MHz NMR spectrometer with optimized acquisition parameters for performing quantitative experiments within 14 min. The highly deshielded signal of NH was at δH 10-11 in the aprotic solvent DMSO-d 6, which enables satisfactory separation of the signals to be integrated. Validation of the quantitative method was also performed in terms of specificity, linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The method is linear in the concentration range of 25-400 μg/mL. The lower limit of quantification is 25 μg/mL. The intra- and interday relative standard deviation across three validation runs over the entire concentration range is less than 2.51%. The accuracy determined at three concentrations was within ±4.4% in terms of relative error. The proposed qNMR method was demonstrated to be a powerful tool for quantifying the alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) due to its unique advantages of high precision, rapid analysis, and nonrequirement of standard compounds for calibration curve preparation. Moreover, qNMR represents a feasible alternative to high-performance liquid chromatography-based methods for the quality control of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Yin
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
- Faculty
of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Jingguang Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Guoyuan Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
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Ali Bilici, Çogal Y, Geçibesler İH, Kaya İ. Enzyme Catalyzed Synthesis of Water Soluble Mesalazine Oligomers and Evaluation of their Efficiency in Polypropylene Stabilization. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090421060051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Cotas J, Leandro A, Monteiro P, Pacheco D, Figueirinha A, Gonçalves AMM, da Silva GJ, Pereira L. Seaweed Phenolics: From Extraction to Applications. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E384. [PMID: 32722220 PMCID: PMC7460554 DOI: 10.3390/md18080384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds have attracted high interest in recent years due to their chemical and bioactive properties to find new molecules with valuable applications for humankind. Phenolic compounds are the group of metabolites with the most structural variation and the highest content in seaweeds. The most researched seaweed polyphenol class is the phlorotannins, which are specifically synthesized by brown seaweeds, but there are other polyphenolic compounds, such as bromophenols, flavonoids, phenolic terpenoids, and mycosporine-like amino acids. The compounds already discovered and characterized demonstrate a full range of bioactivities and potential future applications in various industrial sectors. This review focuses on the extraction, purification, and future applications of seaweed phenolic compounds based on the bioactive properties described in the literature. It also intends to provide a comprehensive insight into the phenolic compounds in seaweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cotas
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Adriana Leandro
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Pedro Monteiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Health Sciences Campus, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (G.J.d.S.)
| | - Diana Pacheco
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Jorge da Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Health Sciences Campus, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (G.J.d.S.)
| | - Leonel Pereira
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
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Wekre ME, Kåsin K, Underhaug J, Holmelid B, Jordheim M. Quantification of Polyphenols in Seaweeds: A Case Study of Ulva intestinalis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120612. [PMID: 31816918 PMCID: PMC6943488 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this case study, we explored quantitative 1H NMR (qNMR), HPLC-DAD, and the Folin-Ciocalteu assay (TPC) as methods of quantifying the total phenolic content of a green macroalga, Ulva intestinalis, after optimized accelerated solvent extraction. Tentative qualitative data was also acquired after multiple steps of purification. The observed polyphenolic profile was complex with low individual concentrations. The qNMR method yielded 5.5% (DW) polyphenols in the crude extract, whereas HPLC-DAD and TPC assay yielded 1.1% (DW) and 0.4% (DW) respectively, using gallic acid as the reference in all methods. Based on the LC-MS observations of extracts and fractions, an average molar mass of 330 g/mol and an average of 4 aromatic hydrogens in each spin system was chosen for optimized qNMR calculations. Compared to the parallel numbers using gallic acid as the standard (170 g/mol, 2 aromatic H), the optimized parameters resulted in a similar qNMR result (5.3%, DW). The different results for the different methods highlight the difficulties with total polyphenolic quantification. All of the methods contain assumptions and uncertainties, and for complex samples with lower concentrations, this will be of special importance. Thus, further optimization of the extraction, identification, and quantification of polyphenols in marine algae must be researched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Emilie Wekre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
- Alginor ASA, Haraldsgata 162, N-5525 Haugesund, Norway
| | - Karoline Kåsin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Science, Universitetstunet 3, N-1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Jarl Underhaug
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjarte Holmelid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Monica Jordheim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-55-58-35-48
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Determination of the Total Phenolic Content in Wine Samples Using Potentiometric Method Based on Permanganate Ion as an Indicator. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24183279. [PMID: 31505808 PMCID: PMC6766823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and accurate determination method for total phenolic content is of great importance for controlling the quality of wine samples. A promising potentiometric detection approach, based on permanganate ion fluxes across ion-selective electrode membranes, is fabricated for measuring the total phenolic content of wine. The results show that the presence of phenols, such as gallic acid, leads to a potential increase for the potentiometric sensor. Additionally, the present sensor exhibits a linear potential response with the concentration range from 0.05 to 3.0 g/L with a detection limit of 6.6 mg/L calculated using gallic acid. These sensors also exhibit a fast response time, an acceptable reproducibility and long-term stability. These results indicate that the proposed potentiometric sensor can be a promising and reliable tool for the rapid determination of total phenolic content in wine samples.
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18
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Sweet Cherry Phenolic Compounds: Identification, Characterization, and Health Benefits. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64179-3.00002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Alexandri E, Ahmed R, Siddiqui H, Choudhary MI, Tsiafoulis CG, Gerothanassis IP. High Resolution NMR Spectroscopy as a Structural and Analytical Tool for Unsaturated Lipids in Solution. Molecules 2017; 22:E1663. [PMID: 28981459 PMCID: PMC6151582 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mono- and polyunsaturated lipids are widely distributed in Nature, and are structurally and functionally a diverse class of molecules with a variety of physicochemical, biological, medicinal and nutritional properties. High resolution NMR spectroscopic techniques including 1H-, 13C- and 31P-NMR have been successfully employed as a structural and analytical tool for unsaturated lipids. The objective of this review article is to provide: (i) an overview of the critical 1H-, 13C- and 31P-NMR parameters for structural and analytical investigations; (ii) an overview of various 1D and 2D NMR techniques that have been used for resonance assignments; (iii) selected analytical and structural studies with emphasis in the identification of major and minor unsaturated fatty acids in complex lipid extracts without the need for the isolation of the individual components; (iv) selected investigations of oxidation products of lipids; (v) applications in the emerging field of lipidomics; (vi) studies of protein-lipid interactions at a molecular level; (vii) practical considerations and (viii) an overview of future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Alexandri
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Raheel Ahmed
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Hina Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad I Choudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 214412, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Ioannis P Gerothanassis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece.
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Ding K, Pei T, Bai Z, Jia Y, Ma P, Liang Z. SmMYB36, a Novel R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor, Enhances Tanshinone Accumulation and Decreases Phenolic Acid Content in Salvia miltiorrhiza Hairy Roots. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5104. [PMID: 28698552 PMCID: PMC5506036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04909-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic acids and tanshinones are two major bioactive components in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. A novel endogenous R2R3-MYB transcription factor, SmMYB36, was identified in this research. This transcript factor can simultaneously influence the content of two types of components in SmMYB36 overexpression hairy roots. SmMYB36 was mainly localized in the nucleus of onion epidermis and it has transactivation activity. The overexpression of SmMYB36 promoted tanshinone accumulation but inhibited phenolic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. The altered metabolite content was due to changed metabolic flow which was regulated by transcript expression of metabolic pathway genes. The gene transcription levels of the phenylpropanoid general pathway, tyrosine derived pathway, methylerythritol phosphate pathway and downstream tanshinone biosynthetic pathway changed significantly due to the overexpression of SmMYB36. The wide distribution of MYB binding elements (MBS, MRE, MBSI and MBSII) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay results indicated that SmMYB36 may be an effective tool to regulate metabolic flux shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianlin Pei
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengqing Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengda Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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21
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Siskos MG, Choudhary MI, Gerothanassis IP. Hydrogen Atomic Positions of O-H···O Hydrogen Bonds in Solution and in the Solid State: The Synergy of Quantum Chemical Calculations with ¹H-NMR Chemical Shifts and X-ray Diffraction Methods. Molecules 2017; 22:E415. [PMID: 28272366 PMCID: PMC6155303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The exact knowledge of hydrogen atomic positions of O-H···O hydrogen bonds in solution and in the solid state has been a major challenge in structural and physical organic chemistry. The objective of this review article is to summarize recent developments in the refinement of labile hydrogen positions with the use of: (i) density functional theory (DFT) calculations after a structure has been determined by X-ray from single crystals or from powders; (ii) ¹H-NMR chemical shifts as constraints in DFT calculations, and (iii) use of root-mean-square deviation between experimentally determined and DFT calculated ¹H-NMR chemical shifts considering the great sensitivity of ¹H-NMR shielding to hydrogen bonding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Siskos
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Ioannis P Gerothanassis
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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22
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Pagnussatt FA, de Lima VR, Dora CL, Costa JAV, Putaux JL, Badiale-Furlong E. Assessment of the encapsulation effect of phenolic compounds from Spirulina sp. LEB-18 on their antifusarium activities. Food Chem 2016; 211:616-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Degradation Kinetics and Mechanism of Lithospermic Acid under Low Oxygen Condition Using Quantitative 1H NMR with HPLC-MS. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164421. [PMID: 27776128 PMCID: PMC5077101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel quantitative 1H NMR (Q-NMR) combined with HPLC-MS method has been proposed for investigating the degradation process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) components. Through this method, in-situ monitoring of dynamics degradation process of lithospermic acid (LA), one of the popular polyphenolic acids in TCM, was realized under low oxygen condition. Additionally, this methodology was proved to be simple, rapid and specific. Degradation kinetic runs have been carried out to systematically investigate the effects of two key environmental factors, initial pH values and temperatures. Eight main degradation products of LA were detected, seven of which were tentatively structural elucidated with the help of both NMR and LC-MS in this work and salvianolic acid A (Sal A) was the primary degradation product of LA. A possible degradation pathway of LA was proposed, subsequently. The results showed that the degradation of LA followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The apparent degradation kinetic constants increased as the initial pH value of the phosphate buffer increased. Under the given conditions, the rate constants of overall degradation as a function of temperature obeyed the Arrhenius equation. Our results proved that the Q-NMR combined with HPLC-MS method can be one of the most promising techniques for investigating degradation process of active components in TCM.
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25
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China H, Okada Y, Dohi T. Suppression Mechanism for Enol-Enol Isomerization of 2-Substituted Dimedones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideyasu China
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; 1-1-1 Nojihigashi Kusatsu Shiga 525-8577 Japan
| | - Yutaka Okada
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; 1-1-1 Nojihigashi Kusatsu Shiga 525-8577 Japan
| | - Toshifumi Dohi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Japan
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26
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García D, Glasser W, Pizzi A, Paczkowski S, Laborie MP. Hydroxypropyl tannin from Pinus pinaster bark as polyol source in urethane chemistry. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Charisiadis P, Kontogianni VG, Tsiafoulis CG, Tzakos AG, Siskos M, Gerothanassis IP. 1H-NMR as a structural and analytical tool of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds of phenol-containing natural products and model compounds. Molecules 2014; 19:13643-82. [PMID: 25185070 PMCID: PMC6271058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental parameters that influence the resolution of 1H-NMR phenol OH signals are critically evaluated with emphasis on the effects of pH, temperature and nature of the solvents. Extremely sharp peaks (Δν1/2≤2 Hz) can be obtained under optimized experimental conditions which allow the application of 1H-13C HMBC-NMR experiments to reveal long range coupling constants of hydroxyl protons and, thus, to provide unequivocal assignment of the OH signals even in cases of complex polyphenol natural products. Intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds have a very significant effect on 1H OH chemical shifts which cover a region from 4.5 up to 19 ppm. Solvent effects on -OH proton chemical shifts, temperature coefficients (Δδ/ΔT), OH diffusion coefficients, and nJ(13C, O1H) coupling constants are evaluated as indicators of hydrogen bonding and solvation state of phenol -OH groups. Accurate 1H chemical shifts of the OH groups can be calculated using a combination of DFT and discrete solute-solvent hydrogen bond interaction at relatively inexpensive levels of theory, namely, DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G (2d,p). Excellent correlations between experimental 1H chemical shifts and those calculated at the ab initio level can provide a method of primary interest in order to obtain structural and conformational description of solute-solvent interactions at a molecular level. The use of the high resolution phenol hydroxyl group 1H-NMR spectral region provides a general method for the analysis of complex plant extracts without the need for the isolation of the individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantelis Charisiadis
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | - Vassiliki G Kontogianni
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | | | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | - Michael Siskos
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | - Ioannis P Gerothanassis
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
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Tsiafoulis CG, Skarlas T, Tzamaloukas O, Miltiadou D, Gerothanassis IP. Direct nuclear magnetic resonance identification and quantification of geometric isomers of conjugated linoleic acid in milk lipid fraction without derivatization steps: Overcoming sensitivity and resolution barriers. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 821:62-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Mashkour M, Maghsoudlou Y, Shahraki MH. Optimization of roselle beverage formulation using response surface methodology. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2013. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2012.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Mashkour
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Beheshti Avenue, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran
| | - Y. Maghsoudlou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Beheshti Avenue, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran
| | - M. Hashemi Shahraki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Beheshti Avenue, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran
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Chemical constituents of three Allium species from Romania. Molecules 2012; 18:114-27. [PMID: 23344191 PMCID: PMC6270514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 12/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the chemical composition of Allium obliquum L., A. senescens L. subsp. montanum (Fries) Holub, and A. schoenoprasum L. subsp. schoenoprasum. Sulphur-containing compounds analysis was performed by an LC-MS method, the identification and quantification of polyphenolic compounds through a HPLC-UV-MS method, and the presence of five sterols was simultaneously assessed by HPLC-MS-MS. Alliin was identified only in A. obliquum and A. senescens subsp. montanum extracts, whilst allicin was present in all extracts, with higher amounts in A. schoenoprasum and A. obliquum. The pattern of phenol carboxylic acids shows the presence of p-coumaric and ferulic acids in all species. Isoquercitrin was identified in A. obliquum and A. schoenoprasum, and rutin in A. senescens subsp. montanum and A. schoenoprasum. Luteolin and apigenin were identified only in A. obliquum. All three species contain glycosides of kaempferol and quercetol. β-Sitosterol and campesterol were identified in all species. The results obtained showed significant differences in the composition of the three Allium species.
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Walch SG, Lachenmeier DW, Kuballa T, Stühlinger W, Monakhova YB. Holistic Control of Herbal Teas and Tinctures Based on Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) for Compounds with Beneficial and Adverse Effects using NMR Spectroscopy. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2012; 7:1-12. [PMID: 22493561 PMCID: PMC3317595 DOI: 10.4137/aci.s8946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A methodology that utilizes (1)H-NMR spectroscopy has been developed to simultaneously analyze toxic terpenes (thujone and camphor), major polyphenolic compounds, the total antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) index in foods and medicines containing sage. The quantitative determination of rosmarinic acid (limit of detection (LOD) = 10 mg/L) and total thujone (LOD = 0.35 mg/L) was possible using direct integration of the signals. For other parameters (derivatives of rosmarinic acid, carnosol and flavone glycosides, ORAC and FC index), chemometric regression models obtained separately for alcohol-based tinctures (R(2) = 0.94-0.98) and aqueous tea infusions (R(2) = 0.79-0.99) were suitable for screening analysis. The relative standard deviations for authentic samples were below 10%. The developed methodology was applied for the analysis of a wide variety of sage products (n = 108). The total thujone content in aqueous tea infusions was found to be in the range of not detectable (nd) to 37.5 mg/L (average 9.2 mg/L), while tinctures contained higher levels (range nd-409 mg/L, average 107 mg/L). The camphor content varied from 2.1 to 43.7 mg/L in aqueous infusions and from not detectable to 748 mg/L in tinctures (averages were 14.1 and 206 mg/L, respectively). Phenolic compounds were also detected in the majority of the investigated products. (1)H-NMR spectroscopy was proven to have the ability to holistically control all important adverse and beneficial compounds in sage products in a single experiment, considerably saving time, resources and costs as NMR replaces four separate methodologies that were previously needed to analyze the same parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan G Walch
- Department for Public Health and Health Technology Assessment, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Eduard Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, A-6060 Hall in Tyrol, Austria
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Wang XX, He JM, Wang CL, Zhang RP, He WY, Guo SX, Sun RX, Abliz Z. Simultaneous structural identification of natural products in fractions of crude extract of the rare endangered plant Anoectochilus roxburghii using H NMR/RRLC-MS parallel dynamic spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:2556-71. [PMID: 21731458 PMCID: PMC3127134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12042556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance/liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy parallel dynamic spectroscopy (NMR/LC-MS PDS) is a method aimed at the simultaneous structural identification of natural products in complex mixtures. In this study, the method is illustrated with respect to 1H NMR and rapid resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (RRLC-MS) data, acquired from the crude extract of Anoectochilus roxburghii, which was separated into a series of fractions with the concentration of constituent dynamic variation using reversed-phase preparative chromatography. Through fraction ranges and intensity changing profiles in 1H NMR/RRLC–MS PDS spectrum, 1H NMR and the extracted ion chromatogram (XIC) signals deriving from the same individual constituent, were correlated due to the signal amplitude co-variation resulting from the concentration variation of constituents in a series of incompletely separated fractions. 1H NMR/RRLC-MS PDS was then successfully used to identify three types of natural products, including eight flavonoids, four organic acids and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, five of which have not previously been reported in Anoectochilus roxburghii. In addition, two groups of co-eluted compounds were successfully identified. The results prove that this approach should be of benefit in the unequivocal structural determination of a variety of classes of compounds from extremely complex mixtures, such as herbs and biological samples, which will lead to improved efficiency in the identification of new potential lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; E-Mails: (X.-X.W.); (J.-M.H.); (R.-P.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
| | - Jiu-Ming He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; E-Mails: (X.-X.W.); (J.-M.H.); (R.-P.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
| | - Chun-Lan Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China; E-Mails: (C.-L.W.); (S.-X.G.)
| | - Rui-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; E-Mails: (X.-X.W.); (J.-M.H.); (R.-P.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
| | - Wen-Yi He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; E-Mails: (X.-X.W.); (J.-M.H.); (R.-P.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
| | - Shun-Xing Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China; E-Mails: (C.-L.W.); (S.-X.G.)
| | - Rui-Xiang Sun
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China; E-Mail:
| | - Zeper Abliz
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; E-Mails: (X.-X.W.); (J.-M.H.); (R.-P.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-10-631-65218; Fax: +86-10-631-65218
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