1
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Noviana E, Indrayanto G, Rohman A. Advances in Fingerprint Analysis for Standardization and Quality Control of Herbal Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:853023. [PMID: 35721184 PMCID: PMC9201489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.853023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal drugs or herbal medicines (HMs) have a long-standing history as natural remedies for preventing and curing diseases. HMs have garnered greater interest during the past decades due to their broad, synergistic actions on the physiological systems and relatively lower incidence of adverse events, compared to synthetic drugs. However, assuring reproducible quality, efficacy, and safety from herbal drugs remains a challenging task. HMs typically consist of many constituents whose presence and quantity may vary among different sources of materials. Fingerprint analysis has emerged as a very useful technique to assess the quality of herbal drug materials and formulations for establishing standardized herbal products. Rather than using a single or two marker(s), fingerprinting techniques take great consideration of the complexity of herbal drugs by evaluating the whole chemical profile and extracting a common pattern to be set as a criterion for assessing the individual material or formulation. In this review, we described and assessed various fingerprinting techniques reported to date, which are applicable to the standardization and quality control of HMs. We also evaluated the application of multivariate data analysis or chemometrics in assisting the analysis of the complex datasets from the determination of HMs. To ensure that these methods yield reliable results, we reviewed the validation status of the methods and provided perspectives on those. Finally, we concluded by highlighting major accomplishments and presenting a gap analysis between the existing techniques and what is needed to continue moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Abdul Rohman
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence, Institute for Halal Industry and Systems, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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2
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Chen CY, Li YH, Li Z, Lee MR. Characterization of effective phytochemicals in traditional Chinese medicine by mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21782. [PMID: 35638257 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been widely used in clinical and healthcare applications around the world. The characterization of the phytochemical components in TCMs is very important for studying the therapeutic mechanism of TCMs. In the analysis process, sample preparation and instrument analysis are key steps to improve analysis performance and accuracy. In recent years, chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (MS) has been widely used for the separation and detection of trace components in complex TCM samples. This article reviews various sample preparation techniques and chromatography-MS techniques, including the application of gas chromatography-MS and liquid chromatography-MS and other MS techniques in the characterization of phytochemicals in TCM materials and Chinese medicine products. This article also describes a new ambient ionization MS method for rapid and high-throughput analysis of TCM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yu Chen
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Hsien Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Zuguang Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Maw-Rong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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3
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Lu F, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Ma Q, Zhang Z. Portable paper-in-tip spray ionization for the direct mass spectrometric analysis of target analytes in biofluid samples. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:222-227. [PMID: 34939624 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01907d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Portable sampling of target analytes in complex biofluid samples makes mass spectrometric analysis more efficient. This study reports the development of paper-in-tip spray ionization for solid-phase microextraction and in situ electrospray of therapeutic drugs and proteins in complex biological matrices using a piece of hydrophobic paper substrate. This technique possesses a long (more than 8 min) and stable spray duration with only 20 μL of spray solvent. The entire analytical process for a complex sample can be completed in less than 1.5 min and enables high sensitivity (picogram-per-milliliter level) and high quantitation precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Yajun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Qiang Ma
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
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4
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Peng Z, Liu JX, Zhu H, Guo T, Xu L, Dong JG, Cheng P, Zhou Z. Development of a new atmospheric pressure plasmaspray ionization for ambient mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4629. [PMID: 32767454 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new atmospheric pressure ionization method, plasmaspray ionization, termed as PSI, was developed to be an alternative ambient ion source for mass spectrometry. It comprises a plasma jet device and a sample spray part. While the nonthermal plasma jet strikes the surface of stainless steel tube out of the spray capillary, the sprayed sample will be ionized with the assistant of auxiliary gas. Although PSI is a little bit more complex than electrospray ionization (ESI) in instrument, it shows both better linearity and higher sensitivity for organic compounds. For protein samples, it presents wider distributions of multiply charged ions and higher mass resolution without sacrificing any sensitivity. For the mechanism of PSI, the charge build-up process on the tip of capillary should play a key role for the ion formation, and the stimulated pulsed voltage on the flow tube will promote the ion aggregation speed until the charge density is high enough. PSI source contains the features of plasma ionization and ESI and can be considered as a novel combo bridging these techniques. These results reflect that this method of PSI can be applied and further developed as a versatile new ion source for a wild range of organic and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Peng
- Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Xing Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Kunshan Hexin Mass Spectrometry Technology Co., Ltd., Kunshan, China
| | - Teng Guo
- Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Guo Dong
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Chen L, Ghiasvand A, Rodriguez ES, Innis PC, Paull B. Applications of nanomaterials in ambient ionization mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Rahman MM, Wu D, Chingin K, Xu W, Chen H. High ohmic resistor hyphenated gel loading tip nano-electrospray ionization source for mini mass spectrometer. Talanta 2019; 202:59-66. [PMID: 31171225 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The deployment of mini mass spectrometers on the field strongly demands efficient ionization sources that are easy-to-operate. Nano-electrospray (nESI) ion source has been widely used in the field of chemistry, biology, medicine, pharmaceutical industry, clinical assessment and forensic science. In this study, a high ohmic resistor hyphenated gel loading tip nESI source was coupled with our home developed mini mass spectrometer. This ionization source has the advantages of simple-in-design, disposable and low-in-cost, therefore it could be frequently used for analysis of aqueous samples without leading to cross contamination. Performances of the gel loading tip nESI emitter were similar to pulled glass capillary, and highly compatible for the analysis of biomolecule in aqueous solution. Different peptide and small molecules have been confirmed with a continuous atmospheric pressure-interfaced (CAPI) mini mass spectrometer. The corona discharge, which was usually observed at nESI emitter tip under high aqueous solvent conditions, resulting in low ion intensity, has been successfully quenched using a 10 GΩ resistor in both a pulled glass capillary and a gel loading tip as nESI emitter in this study. Compared with conventional ESI, the metal wire assisted gel loading tip facilitated loading and direct analysis of biological samples without sample pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Matiur Rahman
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Debo Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Konstantin Chingin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Information of Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
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7
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In situ rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry method for real-time discrimination of Pelodiscus sinensis in different culturing modes without sample preparation. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Rahman M, Wu D, Chingin K. Direct Analysis of Aqueous Solutions and Untreated Biological Samples Using Nanoelectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Pipette Tip in Series with High-Ohmic Resistor as Ion Source. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:814-823. [PMID: 30834507 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Commercially available disposable plastic pipette tip with the inner diameter of ca. 120 μm in series with a high-ohmic resistor (10 GΩ) was adapted as a low-cost alternative ion source for high-throughput nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry (nESI-MS) analysis of a variety of samples, especially aqueous solutions, without sample pretreatment. The use of high-ohmic resistor enabled the formation of stable electrospray of aqueous solutions at ambient conditions. In addition, corona discharge was avoided even with a high voltage applied. Quantitative analysis of vitamin B in water was successfully conducted by tip-ESI. The results exhibited a good linearity (R ˃ 0.9983), a low detection limit (0.25 ng/mL), and a wide dynamic response range (0.25-1000 ng/mL). Our study revealed that tip-ESI not only performed equally well to capillary nESI in terms of flow rate (˂ 100 nL/min), signal sensitivity, and sample consumption, but also offered a number of additional advantages, including better signal duration, tolerance to high analyte concentration (> 100 μg/mL) and high ionizing voltage (up to 6 kV), and obviation of tip clogging and corona discharge. High compatibility of tip-ESI with various kinds of samples (aqueous, viscous, solid, or bulk biological samples) makes it a promising tool for direct MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matiur Rahman
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Debo Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Konstantin Chingin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China
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9
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Han J, Liu W, Su R, Zhu L, Wu D, Xu J, Liu A, Zhang H, Kou W, Zhang X, Yang S. Coupling of micro-solid-phase extraction and internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for ultra-sensitive detection of 1-hydroxypyrene and papaverine in human urine samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3281-3290. [PMID: 30989270 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of ultra-trace analytes in complex biological samples using micro-solid-phase extraction followed by direct detection with internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (μSPE-iEESI-MS) was demonstrated. 1-Hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and papaverine at attomole levels in human raw urine samples were analyzed under negative and positive ion detection mode, respectively. The μSPE was simply prepared by packing a disposable syringe filter with octadecyl carbon chain (C18)-bonded micro silica particles, which were then treated as the "bulk sample" after the analytes were efficiently enriched by the C18 particles. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the analytes were readily eluted by isopropanol/water (80/20, V/V) at a high voltage of ± 4.0 kV, producing analyte ions under ambient conditions. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.02 pg/L (9.2 amol) for 1-hydroxypyrene and 0.02 pg/L (5.9 amol) for papaverine. The acceptable linearity (R2 > 0.99), signal stability (RSD ≤ 10.7%), spike recoveries (91-95%), and comparable results for real urine samples were also achieved, opening up possibilities for quantitative analysis of trace compounds (at attomole levels) in complex bio-samples. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Rui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lixue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Debo Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Jiaquan Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Aiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Wei Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Shuiping Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
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10
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Indrayanto G. Recent Development of Quality Control Methods for Herbal Derived Drug Preparations. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801301208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical industries should apply rigorous QC (quality control) to ensure the consistency, safety, and efficacy of their herbal derived drug-preparations. QC must be performed at every stage of the production line i.e. incoming raw materials, extractions, in-process control, finished products and keeping samples. Due to the complex nature of the chemical content of herbal drugs, two approaches to QC should be taken, that is quantitative determination of the selected marker(s) compound(s), and metabolite profiling. Contamination of herbal medicines by heavy metals, pesticides, toxic metabolites, microbial toxins, pathogenic microorganisms and other foreign matter should also be evaluated. A combination of chemical profiling and multivariate analysis (MVA) is recommended as the QC tool for the botanical identification method (BIM) of herbs, extracts, herb materials, and herbal drug preparations. Microscopic methods, DNA profiling or chemical marker(s) are not recommended for use as the sole BIM due to the lack of specificity. Only markers that meet certain criteria i.e. quality active (QA) markers can be utilized as a QC tool. The limit specification range of markers used as QC tools should be described in the analytical target profile (ATP). To gain reliable results of any analysis that has been performed at any QC laboratory, the analysis method must be validated according to the newest guidance. Sample detection limit of any toxic compound(s) should be lower than its cut-off value and MPL. The reliability of any results of analysis of a QC laboratory must be evaluated by using QC-samples for each series of measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunawan Indrayanto
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
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Yao YN, Hu B. Analyte-substrate interactions at functionalized tip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: Molecular mechanisms and applications. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:1222-1229. [PMID: 30300951 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) commonly uses capillary tip for sample introduction and ionization. In recent years, ESI-MS using noncapillary substrate tips has attracted growing interest as it allows separation and enrichment of analytes from complex samples due to analytes-substrate interactions. In this work, model mixtures and functionalized tips were employed to investigate the molecular mechanism of the analyte-substrate interactions. The mixtures were directly loaded on substrate tips, and then temporal responses of analytes were investigated by monitoring selected ion chromatogram (SIC) responses of each analyte. It is found that all analytes are sprayed out together when bulk solution loaded substrate surface and then sequential ionization of analytes were observed. Sequential ionization of analytes was affected by the analytes-substrate interactions which caused analytes of weaker-interaction to be faster moved and the analytes of stronger-interactions to be retained on the substrate. The main molecular mechanisms of analyte-substrate interactions were revealed to be hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, based on the mechanistic insights, functionalized tips were further applied for rapid extractive sampling of target analytes from complex samples with good analytical performances. Overall, this study on the mechanism and applications of analyte-substrate interactions is useful for understanding the fundamental principles and further developments of functionalized tip electrospray ionization (TESI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Yao
- Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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12
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Zhang M, Chen K, Hu Z, Shen Q, Wang H. PRiME pass-through purification of lignans in Silybum marianum and UPLC-MS/MS analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1093-1094:128-133. [PMID: 30015310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A PRiME (process, robustness, improvements, matrix effects, ease of use) pass-through cleanup procedure was developed for the extraction and purification of silychristins A and B, silybins A and B, isosilybins A and B, and silydianin in Silybum marianum. After optimizing the extracting solvent types and the sample loading volume, the crude extract was diluted to 3 mL with 95% acetonitrile and then loaded on the PRiME cartridge. The eluate was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). All the target analytes were deprotonated as [M-H]- at m/z 481 by conducting collision-induced dissociation (CID), and the major fragment ions were m/z 463 ([M-H2O-H]-), 453 ([M-CO-H]-), 355 ([M-C6H6O3-H]-), 301 ([M355-CO2-H]-), and 179 ([C10H11O3]-). Afterwards, this method was validated in terms of linearity (R2 > 0.9990), intra-day precision (1.02%-3.79%), inter-day precision (1.59%-4.87%), sensitivity (LOD ≤ 0.45 μg·kg-1 and LOQ ≤ 1.50 μg·kg-1), and recovery (76.9-103.4%, RSD < 8.90%). Finally, the proposed protocol was successfully applied to eight batches of S. marianum samples. The total content of the seven active compounds varied amongst the batches from different places of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyan Hu
- Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Haixing Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China.
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13
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Crawford EA, Gerbig S, Spengler B, Volmer DA. Rapid fingerprinting of lignin by ambient ionization high resolution mass spectrometry and simplified data mining. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 994:38-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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14
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Liu C, Wen W, Shao J, Zhao W, Qi K, Yang J, Pan Y. Fast and comprehensive characterization of chemical ingredients in traditional Chinese herbal medicines by extractive atmospheric pressure photoionization (EAPPI) mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:1491-1498. [PMID: 28667680 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The goal of this work is to employ extractive atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry (EAPPI-MS) to characterize the constituents in traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM) directly without chromatographic separation. METHODS Sample was placed in 4 mL of methanol/water (v/v, 3:1) in the nebulization cell, and then the ultrasonic nebulizer was switched on. The ultrasonic nebulization system allows the simultaneous sample extraction and introduction of extract aerosols. The extract aerosols were vaporized in a transfer tube. Mixed with a gaseous dopant, vaporized analytes were ionized through ambient photon-induced ion-molecule reactions, and were mass-analyzed by high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). RESULTS The major ingredients including alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, saccarides, ginsenosides, lignans and terpenoids were readily detected. Compared with electrospray ionization (ESI), EAPPI allowed the ionization of a wider range of compounds, which is desirable for the integral characterization of TCHMs containing numerous constituents. The significant discrepancies for both alkaloids and terpenoids in tripterygium glycoside tablets from two different manufacturers could be simultaneously reflected from EAPPI mass spectra. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that EAPPI-MS can be regarded as a supplementary ambient method for the fast and comprehensive analysis of TCHMs, which is important for the quality control and safety assurance of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Wu Wen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P.R. China
| | - Wan Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Keke Qi
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Jiuzhong Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Yang Pan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
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15
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Ma B, Zou Y, Xie X, Zhao J, Piao X, Piao J, Yao Z, Quinto M, Wang G, Li D. A high throughput mass spectrometry screening analysis based on two-dimensional carbon microfiber fractionation system. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1501:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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16
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Prchalová J, Kovařík F, Rajchl A. Evaluation of the quality of herbal teas by DART/TOF-MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2017; 52:116-126. [PMID: 28063268 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The paper focuses on the optimization, settings and validation of direct analysis in real time coupled with time-of-flight detector when used for the evaluation of the quality of selected herbal teas (fennel, chamomile, nettle, linden, peppermint, thyme, lemon balm, marigold, sage, rose hip and St. John's wort). The ionization mode, the optimal ionization temperature and the type of solvent for sample extraction were optimized. The characteristic compounds of the analysed herbal teas (glycosides, flavonoids and phenolic and terpenic substances, such as chamazulene, anethole, menthol, thymol, salviol and hypericin) were detected. The obtained mass spectra were evaluated by multidimensional chemometric methods, such as cluster analysis, linear discriminate analysis and principal component analysis. The chemometric methods showed that the single variety herbal teas were grouped according to their taxonomic affiliation. The developed method is suitable for quick identification of herbs and can be potentially used for assessing the quality and authenticity of herbal teas. Direct analysis in real time/time-of-flight-MS is also suitable for the evaluation of selected substances contained in the mentioned herbs and herbal products. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prchalová
- Department of Food Preservation, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - F Kovařík
- Department of Food Preservation, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Rajchl
- Department of Food Preservation, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Abstract
Imagine a scenario where personal belongings such as pens, keys, phones, or handbags are found at an investigative site. It is often valuable to the investigative team that is trying to trace back the belongings to an individual to understand their personal habits, even when DNA evidence is also available. Here, we develop an approach to translate chemistries recovered from personal objects such as phones into a lifestyle sketch of the owner, using mass spectrometry and informatics approaches. Our results show that phones' chemistries reflect a personalized lifestyle profile. The collective repertoire of molecules found on these objects provides a sketch of the lifestyle of an individual by highlighting the type of hygiene/beauty products the person uses, diet, medical status, and even the location where this person may have been. These findings introduce an additional form of trace evidence from skin-associated lifestyle chemicals found on personal belongings. Such information could help a criminal investigator narrowing down the owner of an object found at a crime scene, such as a suspect or missing person.
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Rapid authentication of Gastrodiae rhizoma by direct ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 938:90-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Yang Y, Deng J. Analysis of pharmaceutical products and herbal medicines using ambient mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Jun G, Park TM, Cha S. Fast and Simple Chemical Fingerprinting Analysis of Medicinal Herbs by Paper Cone Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (PCSI MS). B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gyuwoong Jun
- Department of Chemistry; Hankuk University of Foreign Studies; Yongin Kyunggi-Do 17035 Korea
| | - Tae-Min Park
- Department of Chemistry; Hankuk University of Foreign Studies; Yongin Kyunggi-Do 17035 Korea
| | - Sangwon Cha
- Department of Chemistry; Hankuk University of Foreign Studies; Yongin Kyunggi-Do 17035 Korea
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Wong MYM, So PK, Yao ZP. Direct analysis of traditional Chinese medicines by mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1026:2-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zeng Y, Quek YL, Kee CL, Low MY, Bloodworth BC, Ge X. Analysis of 32 toxic natural substances in herbal products by liquid chromatography quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Field-induced wooden-tip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for high-throughput analysis of herbal medicines. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 887:127-137. [PMID: 26320794 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the first application of field-induced wooden-tip electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) for high-throughput analysis of herbal medicines. By application of an opposite and sample-contactless high voltage on the MS inlet rather than wooden tips, a high-throughput analysis device is easily set up, and a relatively fast analysis speed of 6 s per sample was successfully achieved. In addition, fast polarity switching between positive and negative ion detection mode is readily accomplished, which provides more complete chemical information for quality assessment and control of herbal medicines. By using the proposed method, various active ingredients present in different herbal medicines were rapidly detected, and the obtained mass spectra were served as the samples' fingerprints for tracing the origins, establishing the authenticity, and assessing the quality consistency and stability of herbal medicines. Our experimental results demonstrated that field-induced wooden-tip ESI-MS is a desirable method for high-throughput analysis of herbal medicines, with promising prospects for rapidly differentiating the origin, determining the authenticity, and assessing the overall quality of pharmaceuticals.
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Klampfl CW, Himmelsbach M. Direct ionization methods in mass spectrometry: An overview. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 890:44-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Wang SY, Fu LL, Zhang SY, Tian M, Zhang L, Zheng YX, Wang JH, Huang J, Ouyang L. In silico analysis and experimental validation of active compounds from fructus Schisandrae chinensis in protection from hepatic injury. Cell Prolif 2014; 48:86-94. [PMID: 25521411 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore mechanisms by which fructus Schisandrae chinensis (Wuweizi) is able to reveal its protective capacity against hepatocyte injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Identification of candidate small molecular compounds was performed by text-mining, extraction and isolation, reverse-docking, network construction, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In vitro cytological examination and western blotting were used to validate efficacy of selected compounds. RESULTS We analyzed chemical composition of fructus Schisandrae chinensis and constructed protein-protein networks of key targets. Networks of miRNA-protein were constructed. Molecular docking and MD simulation results supported good interaction between selected compound 11/12 and GBA3/SHBG. Further in vitro examination divulged molecular mechanisms involved. CONCLUSIONS In silico analysis and experimental validation together demonstrated that compound 11/12 of fructus Schisandrae chinensis targetted GBA3/SHBG in hepatocytes. Hopefully this will shed light on exploration of its complex molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
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Wang H, So PK, Ng TT, Yao ZP. Rapid analysis of raw solution samples by C18 pipette-tip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 844:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Yang Y, Deng J. Internal standard mass spectrum fingerprint: A novel strategy for rapid assessing the quality of Shuang-Huang-Lian oral liquid using wooden-tip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 837:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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