1
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Ranasinghe M, Breadmore MC, Maya F. Nanoplastic Sample Cleanup by Micro-Electromembrane Extraction across Free Liquid Membranes. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11734-11741. [PMID: 38987907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Sample preparation techniques enabling the separation and cleanup of nanoplastics removing other components present in complex sample matrices are scarce. Herein, micro-electromembrane extraction (μ-EME) has been explored for this purpose based on the extraction of nanoplastic particles across a free liquid membrane (FLM). The extraction unit is based on a perfluoroalkoxy tube sequentially filled with the acceptor solution (20 μL 5 mM phosphate buffer, pH 10.7), FLM (10 μL 1-pentanol), and donor solution (20 μL sample/standard solution). Sulfonated polystyrene beads (200 nm particle size) were selected as a model mimicking negatively charged nanoplastics. At 700 V, nanoplastics transferred from the donor solution into the FLM before moving across the FLM into the acceptor solution. Quantitative nanoplastic measurements after μ-EME were performed by injecting the acceptor solution into a capillary electrophoresis system with diode array detection. μ-EME allowed the rapid nanoplastic sample cleanup, requiring an extraction time of just 90 s and obtaining a nanoplastic transfer yield through the FLM of 60% with RSD values below 9%. The μ-EME technique enabled the efficient sample matrix cleanup of nanoplastics spiked in different tea matrices. Nanoplastic transfer yield through the FLM for black tea and flavored tea matrices were 56% and 47%, respectively, with complete sample matrix removal of UV-absorbing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhandiramge Ranasinghe
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Fernando Maya
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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2
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Chaikhan P, Udnan Y, Ampiah-Bonney RJ, Chaiyasith WC. Deep eutectic solvent-based electromembrane hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction for determining Pb in water and food samples. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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3
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Tůma P. Monitoring of biologically active substances in clinical samples by capillary and microchip electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1225:340161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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4
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Liu C, Huang D, Yang L, Wu S, Shen X, Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Huang C. Removal of Polymerase Chain Reaction Inhibitors by Electromembrane Extraction. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11488-11496. [PMID: 34383461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology has become the cornerstone of DNA analysis. However, special samples (e.g., forensic samples, soil, food, and mineral medicine) may contain powerful PCR inhibitors. High levels of inhibitors can hardly be sufficiently removed by conventional DNA extraction approaches and may result in the complete failure of PCR. In this work, the removal of PCR inhibitors by electromembrane extraction (EME) was investigated for the first time. To demonstrate the universality of the approach, EME formats with and without supported membranes (termed parallel-EME and μ-EME, respectively) were employed, and both anionic [humic acid (HA)] and cationic (Ca2+) PCR inhibitors were used as models. During EME, charged inhibitors in the sample migrate into the liquid membrane in the presence of an electric field and might further leech into the waste solution, while PCR analytes remain in the sample. After EME, the clearance values for HA at 0.2 and 2.5 mg mL-1 were 94 and 85%, respectively, and that for Ca2+ (275 mM) was 63%. Forensic PCR-short tandem repeat (PCR-STR) genotyping showed that EME significantly reduced the interference by HA in PCR-STR analysis and displayed a higher HA purge capability compared to existing methods. Furthermore, by combining EME with liquid-liquid extraction or solid-phase extraction, satisfactory STR profiles were obtained from HA-rich blood samples. In addition, false-negative reports of bacterial detection in mineral medicine and shrimps were avoided after the removal of Ca2+ by μ-EME. Our research demonstrates the great potential of EME for the purification of DNA samples containing high-level PCR inhibitors and opens up a new application direction for EME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Daixin Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liuqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shifan Wu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiantao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, Oslo 0316, Norway.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Chuixiu Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan 430030, China
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5
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Facile synthesis of 3D stone-like copper tellurate (Cu3TeO6) as a new platform for anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen sensor in human blood serum and urine samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Zuo X, Geng L, Gao H, Liu B, Wu L. A density functional theory evaluation on silicon doped boron nitride nanocones: ibuprofen drug sensing characterisation. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1806262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zuo
- Pharmacy Department, Jinan Huaiyin People’s Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Geng
- Drug and Equipment Section, Dongying Second People’s Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongzhu Gao
- Pharmacy Department, Jinan Huaiyin People’s Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bensheng Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Qingdao Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Wu
- College of Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Šlampová A, Kubáň P. Two-phase micro-electromembrane extraction with a floating drop free liquid membrane for the determination of basic drugs in complex samples. Talanta 2020; 206:120255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Javier Carrasco-Correa E, Kubáň P, Cocovi-Solberg DJ, Miró M. Fully Automated Electric-Field-Driven Liquid Phase Microextraction System with Renewable Organic Membrane As a Front End to High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10808-10815. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David J. Cocovi-Solberg
- FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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9
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Drouin N, Kubáň P, Rudaz S, Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Schappler J. Electromembrane extraction: Overview of the last decade. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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Two-phase micro-electromembrane extraction across free liquid membrane for determination of acidic drugs in complex samples. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1048:58-65. [PMID: 30598158 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A dynamic two-phase micro-electromembrane extraction (μ-EME) using electrically induced transfer of charged analytes directly into free liquid membrane (FLM) is proposed as a novel technique for improving enrichment capabilities of μ-EME. The presented set-up employs aqueous sample as donor solution and water immiscible organic solvent (1-octanol) as FLM, which form the two-phase μ-EME system for efficient extraction of model acidic drugs (ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen and diclofenac) from standard solutions, human urine, human serum and wastewater samples. The FLM eliminates migration of matrix components from the complex samples and simultaneously it acts as an acceptor solution for selective trapping and enrichment of the analyte ions. Electrodes are immersed directly into the sample and the FLM and replenishment of analyte ions at the sample/FLM phase interface is accomplished by stirring the sample solution using a conventional laboratory stirrer. At optimized two-phase μ-EME conditions (100 V, 15 min, 1000 rpm) and optimized volume ratio of sample to FLM (480:16 μL), extraction recoveries of 60-97% and enrichment factors up to 29.1 were achieved. Determination of the acidic drugs in resulting FLMs was achieved by capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection with good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9998) and low limits of detection (4-20 ng/mL).
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11
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Tabani H, Nojavan S, Alexovič M, Sabo J. Recent developments in green membrane-based extraction techniques for pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 160:244-267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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12
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An advanced approach for electrochemical sensing of ibuprofen in pharmaceuticals and human urine samples using a bare boron-doped diamond electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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20th anniversary of axial capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection in capillary electrophoresis. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Dvořák M, Seip KF, Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Kubáň P. Semi-automated set-up for exhaustive micro-electromembrane extractions of basic drugs from biological fluids. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1005:34-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Sedehi S, Tabani H, Nojavan S. Electro-driven extraction of polar compounds using agarose gel as a new membrane: Determination of amino acids in fruit juice and human plasma samples. Talanta 2018; 179:318-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Voeten RLC, Ventouri IK, Haselberg R, Somsen GW. Capillary Electrophoresis: Trends and Recent Advances. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1464-1481. [PMID: 29298038 PMCID: PMC5994730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert L C Voeten
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,TI-COAST , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iro K Ventouri
- TI-COAST , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Analytical Chemistry Group, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Haselberg
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Govert W Somsen
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Šlampová A, Kubáň P. Direct Analysis of Free Aqueous and Organic Operational Solutions as a Tool for Understanding Fundamental Principles of Electromembrane Extraction. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12960-12967. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Šlampová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Veveří 97, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Veveří 97, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic
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18
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19
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In-line coupling of supported liquid membrane extraction to capillary electrophoresis for simultaneous analysis of basic and acidic drugs in urine. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1519:137-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Kubáň P. Salt Removal from Microliter Sample Volumes by Multiple Phase Microelectromembrane Extractions Across Free Liquid Membranes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8476-8483. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Veveří 97, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic
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21
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Mamat NA, See HH. Simultaneous electromembrane extraction of cationic and anionic herbicides across hollow polymer inclusion membranes with a bubbleless electrode. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1504:9-16. [PMID: 28499598 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A new electric-field driven extraction approach based on the integration of a bubbleless electrode into the electromembrane extraction (EME) across hollow polymer inclusion membranes (HPIMs) was demonstrated for the first time. The bubbleless electrode was prepared based on an in-situ synthesised polyacrylamide within a fused silica capillary. The electrode functions as a salt bridge, which conducts the electrical current between the acceptor phase in the lumen of the HPIM and the acceptor solution in the reservoir connected to a high voltage supply through a platinum electrode. Two types of HPIMs were employed, which consisted of desired proportions of cellulose acetate as base polymer, tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate as plasticizer, and di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid as anionic carrier or Aliquat 336 as cationic carrier, respectively. The EME strategy was evaluated for the simultaneous determination of cationic quaternary ammonium and anionic chlorophenoxy acetic acid herbicides present in the river water, respectively. The analysis was carried out using capillary electrophoresis coupled with UV and contactless conductivity detection. Under the optimised conditions, enrichment factors in the range of 152-185-fold were obtained from 4mL of river water sample with a 20min extraction time and an applied voltage of 3000V. The proposed method provided good linearity with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9982 to 0.9997 over a concentration range of 1-1000μg/L. The detection limits of the method for the herbicides were in the range of 0.3-0.4μg/L, with relative standard deviations of between 4.8% and 8.5%. The relative recoveries obtained when analysing the spiked river water ranged from 99.1% to 100%. A comparison was also made between the newly developed approach with the conventional EME setup by placing the platinum electrode directly in the lumen of the HPIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Akma Mamat
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Heng See
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
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22
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Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Huang C, Gjelstad A. Electromembrane extraction-Recent trends and where to go. J Pharm Anal 2017; 7:141-147. [PMID: 29404030 PMCID: PMC5790682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromembrane extraction (EME) is an analytical microextraction technique, where charged analytes (such as drug substances) are extracted from an aqueous sample (such as a biological fluid), through a supported liquid membrane (SLM) comprising a water immiscible organic solvent, and into an aqueous acceptor solution. The driving force for the extraction is an electrical potential (dc) applied across the SLM. In this paper, EME is reviewed. First, the principle for EME is explained with focus on extraction of cationic and anionic analytes, and typical performance data are presented. Second, papers published in 2016 are reviewed and discussed with focus on (a) new SLMs, (b) new support materials for the SLM, (c) new sample additives improving extraction, (d) new technical configurations, (e) improved theoretical understanding, and (f) pharmaceutical new applications. Finally, important future research objectives and directions are defined for further development of EME, with the aim of establishing EME in the toolbox of future analytical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chuixiu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Astrid Gjelstad
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Kubáň P, Seip KF, Gjelstad A, Pedersen-Bjergaard S. Micro-electromembrane extraction using multiple free liquid membranes and acceptor solutions – Towards selective extractions of analytes based on their acid-base strength. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 943:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Šlampová A, Kubáň P. Rapid determination of meldonium in urine samples by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1468:236-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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25
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Kubáň P, Hauser PC. Contactless conductivity detection for analytical techniques- Developments from 2014 to 2016. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:95-114. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Peter C. Hauser
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
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26
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Asadi S, Tabani H, Khodaei K, Asadian F, Nojavan S. Rotating electrode in electro membrane extraction: a new and efficient methodology to increase analyte mass transfer. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21762a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotating electrode electromembrane extraction (REEME) as a new EME approach was introduced for the extraction of basic drugs from different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakine Asadi
- Department of Pure Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Hadi Tabani
- Department of Environmental Geology
- Research Institute of Applied Sciences (ACECR)
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Kamal Khodaei
- Department of Environmental Geology
- Research Institute of Applied Sciences (ACECR)
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Farhad Asadian
- Department of Environmental Geology
- Research Institute of Applied Sciences (ACECR)
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Saeed Nojavan
- Department of Pure Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
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