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Farahmandpour M, Kordrostami Z, Rajabzadeh M, Khalifeh R. Flexible Bio-Electronic Hybrid Metal-Oxide Channel FET as a Glucose Sensor. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2023; 22:855-862. [PMID: 37018717 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2023.3236460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A high-sensitivity flexible field-effect transistor (FET) based glucose sensor is fabricated that can surpass the conventional electrochemical glucometers in terms of sensitivity, limit of detection, and other performance parameters. The proposed biosensor is based on the FET operation with the advantage of amplification which provides a high sensitivity and a very low limit of detection. Hybrid metal oxide (ZnO and CuO) nanostructures have been synthesized in the form of hollow spheres (ZnO/CuO-NHS). The FET was fabricated by depositing ZnO/CuO-NHS on the interdigitated electrodes. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized successfully on the ZnO/CuO-NHS. Three different outputs of the sensor are examined, the FET current, the relative current change, and the drain voltage. The sensitivity of the sensor for each output type has been calculated. The readout circuit can convert the current change to the voltage change that has been used for wireless transmission. The sensor has a very low limit of detection of 30 nM with satisfactory reproducibility, good stability, and high selectivity. The electrical response of the FET biosensor towards the real human blood serum samples demonstrated that it can be offered as a potential device for glucose detection in any medical application.
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Zhu Y, Wei Q, Jin Q, Li G, Zhang Q, Xiao H, Li T, Wei F, Luo Y. Polyethylene Glycol Functionalized Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor for Glucose Detection. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:604. [PMID: 36770565 PMCID: PMC9919870 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Accurate monitoring of blood glucose levels is crucial for the diagnosis of diabetes patients. In this paper, we proposed a simple "mixed-catalyzer layer" modified silicon nanowire field-effect transistor biosensor that enabled direct detection of glucose with low-charge in high ionic strength solutions. A stable screening system was established to overcome Debye screening effect by forming a porous biopolymer layer with polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified on the surface of SiNW. The experimental results show that when the optimal ratio (APTMS:silane-PEG = 2:1) modified the surface of silicon nanowires, glucose oxidase can detect glucose in the concentration range of 10 nM to 10 mM. The sensitivity of the biosensor is calculated to be 0.47 μAcm-2mM-1, its fast response time not exceeding 8 s, and the detection limit is up to 10 nM. This glucose sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong specificity and fast real-time response. Therefore, it has a potential clinical application prospect in disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
| | - Qianhui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528051, China
| | - Qingxi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
| | - Gangrong Li
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528051, China
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Advanced Integrated Circuits R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronic of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528051, China
| | - Feng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528051, China
| | - Yingchun Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Farahmandpour M, Haghshenas H, Kordrostami Z. Blood glucose sensing by back gated transistor strips sensitized by CuO hollow spheres and rGO. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21872. [PMID: 36536057 PMCID: PMC9763381 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a highly sensitive flexible glucose sensor based on a field effect transistor (FET) has been fabricated. It is shown that the proposed flexible transistor can be used as new non-enzymatic blood glucose test strips. CuO hollow-spheres decorated with reduced graphene oxide have been synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The shells of the hollow micro-spheres are formed by nanostructures. The synthesized nanostructured hollow micro-spheres (rGO/CuO-NHS) are deposited on a flexible PET substrate between interdigitated electrodes as the channel of a back gate transistor. The channel concentration and the FET bias are optimized so that the sensor exhibits extremely low limit of detection and high sensitivity. The combination of selective porous CuO hollow spheres and the high surface to volume ratio of their nanostructured shells with the high mobility and high conductivity rGO led to faster and higher charge-transfer capability and superior electro-catalyst activity for glucose oxidation. The glucose-dependent electrical responses of the sensor is measured in both resistive and transistor action modes. The amplification of the current by the induced electric field of the gate in the proposed FET-based biosensor provides advantages such as higher sensitivity and lower limit of detection compared to the resistive sensor. The flexible glucose sensor has a sensitivity of 600 μA μM-1 and a limit of detection of 1 nM with high reproducibility, good stability, and highly selectivity. The high accuracy response of the biosensor towards the real blood serum samples showed that it can be used as a test strip for glucose detection in real blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Farahmandpour
- grid.444860.a0000 0004 0600 0546Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.444860.a0000 0004 0600 0546Research Center for Design and Fabrication of Advanced Electronic Devices, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Haghshenas
- grid.444860.a0000 0004 0600 0546Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.444860.a0000 0004 0600 0546Research Center for Design and Fabrication of Advanced Electronic Devices, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zoheir Kordrostami
- grid.444860.a0000 0004 0600 0546Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.444860.a0000 0004 0600 0546Research Center for Design and Fabrication of Advanced Electronic Devices, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
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Liquid Crystal Droplet-Based Biosensors: Promising for Point-of-Care Testing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090758. [PMID: 36140143 PMCID: PMC9496589 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of biosensing platforms has been impressively accelerated by advancements in liquid crystal (LC) technology. High response rate, easy operation, and good stability of the LC droplet-based biosensors are all benefits of the long-range order of LC molecules. Bioprobes emerged when LC droplets were combined with biotechnology, and these bioprobes are used extensively for disease diagnosis, food safety, and environmental monitoring. The LC droplet biosensors have high sensitivity and excellent selectivity, making them an attractive tool for the label-free, economical, and real-time detection of different targets. Portable devices work well as the accessory kits for LC droplet-based biosensors to make them easier to use by anyone for on-site monitoring of targets. Herein, we offer a review of the latest developments in the design of LC droplet-based biosensors for qualitative target monitoring and quantitative target analysis.
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Osuna V, Vega-Rios A, Zaragoza-Contreras EA, Estrada-Moreno IA, Dominguez RB. Progress of Polyaniline Glucose Sensors for Diabetes Mellitus Management Utilizing Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12030137. [PMID: 35323407 PMCID: PMC8946794 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Glucose measurement is a fundamental tool in the daily care of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients and healthcare professionals. While there is an established market for glucose sensors, the rising number of DM cases has promoted intensive research to provide accurate systems for glucose monitoring. Polyaniline (PAni) is a conductive polymer with a linear conjugated backbone with sequences of single C-C and double C=C bonds. This unique structure produces attractive features for the design of sensing systems such as conductivity, biocompatibility, environmental stability, tunable electrochemical properties, and antibacterial activity. PAni-based glucose sensors (PBGS) were actively developed in past years, using either enzymatic or non-enzymatic principles. In these devices, PAni played roles as a conductive material for electron transfer, biocompatible matrix for enzymatic immobilization, or sensitive layer for detection. In this review, we covered the development of PBGS from 2015 to the present, and it is not even exhaustive; it provides an overview of advances and achievements for enzymatic and non-enzymatic PBGB PBGS for self-monitoring and continuous blood glucose monitoring. Additionally, the limitations of PBGB PBGS to advance into robust and stable technology and the challenges associated with their implementation are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velia Osuna
- CONACYT-CIMAV, SC, Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Chihuahua C.P. 31136, Mexico; (V.O.); (I.A.E.-M.)
| | - Alejandro Vega-Rios
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, SC, Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Chihuahua C.P. 31136, Mexico; (A.V.-R.); (E.A.Z.-C.)
| | - Erasto Armando Zaragoza-Contreras
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, SC, Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Chihuahua C.P. 31136, Mexico; (A.V.-R.); (E.A.Z.-C.)
| | | | - Rocio B. Dominguez
- CONACYT-CIMAV, SC, Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Chihuahua C.P. 31136, Mexico; (V.O.); (I.A.E.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-01-614-4394-835
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Yu J, Lin J, Li J. A photoelectrochemical sensor based on an acetylcholinesterase-CdS/ZnO-modified extended-gate field-effect transistor for glyphosate detection. Analyst 2021; 146:4595-4604. [PMID: 34160494 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00797a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A new photoelectrochemical enzyme biosensor based on an extended-gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) was constructed for the highly sensitive detection of glyphosate based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity by glyphosate. First, a two-step hydrothermal method was used to introduce ZnO and CdS onto an activated indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode to prepare a CdS/ZnO/ITO electrode. Then, AChE was immobilized on CdS/ZnO/ITO with chitosan to obtain an AChE/CdS/ZnO EGFET sensor. Under optimal experimental conditions, the logarithmic value of glyphosate in the range of 1.0 × 10-15-1.0 × 10-11 mol L-1 exhibited a good linear relationship with the photo-drain current response. The detection limit was 3.8 × 10-16 mol L-1 (signal-to-noise ratio = 3). The results show that the AChE/CdS/ZnO EGFET sensor has extremely high sensitivity and good selectivity. Moreover, the sensor was used for the determination of glyphosate in vegetables, demonstrating its application for the real-time detection of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Yu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Jingyu Lin
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Jianping Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China. and College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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Fana SE, Ebrahimi R, Esmaeili S, Rambod C, Namazi N, Nasli-Esfahani E, Razi F. Iran diabetes research study; knowledge discovery in diagnosis: a scoping review. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1807-1814. [PMID: 34249800 PMCID: PMC8260155 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The rising prevalence of diabetes shows high health and socio-economic burdens. Therefore, the development and evaluation of new diagnostic methods may improve the detection of disease and its complications in the early stages. This study aimed to analyze the scope of the studies related to diabetes diagnosis. Material and method Publications from January 2015 until December 2019 (5 years) were searched with keywords of (diabetes OR diabetic) AND (Iran) in Scopus and PubMed databases. All data were reviewed by two reviewers and the included publications were categorized based on the subjects, study design, and publication year. Results Based on the selected criteria, 103 articles were included. The highest number of publications was observed in 2019. The trend of publication was slightly increased during the study period (2015-2019). Case-control and cross-sectional studies were the most common type of study design used in the included documents. Publications in the field of diagnostic models, biomarkers, and biosensors from 2015 to 2019 showed an increasing trend compared to others subjects. Discussion and conclusion Studies about proper diabetes diagnostic procedures such as new diagnostic techniques, using diagnostic models, and evaluation of new diagnostic biomarkers in Iran are remarkably increased. However, more original and review studies are needed to improve scientific methods in the field of early detection of diabetes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00843-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ebrahimi Fana
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Esmaeili
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Camelia Rambod
- Metabolomic and Genomic Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Translational Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Translational Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Razi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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An interesting route using electron-beam lithography and photolithography to pattern submicron interdigitated electrodes array for sensing applications. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-019-01752-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Real-Time and Online Monitoring of Glucose Contents by Using Molecular Imprinted Polymer-Based IDEs Sensor. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:1156-1166. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Anantha-Iyengar G, Shanmugasundaram K, Nallal M, Lee KP, Whitcombe MJ, Lakshmi D, Sai-Anand G. Functionalized conjugated polymers for sensing and molecular imprinting applications. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rahman MM, Hussain MM, Asiri AM. d-Glucose sensor based on ZnO·V2O5 NRs by an enzyme-free electrochemical approach. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31670-31682. [PMID: 35527960 PMCID: PMC9073342 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06491e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple wet-chemical technique was used to prepare zinc oxide-doped vanadium pentaoxide nanorods (ZnO·V2O5 NRs) in an alkaline environment. The synthesized ZnO·V2O5 NRs were characterized using typical methods, including UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XEDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The d-glucose (d-GLC) sensor was fabricated with modification of a slight coating of nanorods (NRs) onto a flat glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The analytical performances, such as the sensitivity, limit of quantification (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD), linear dynamic range (LDR), and durability, of the proposed d-GLC sensor were acquired by a dependable current–voltage (I–V) process. A calibration curve of the GCE/ZnO·V2O5 NRs/Nf sensor was plotted at +1.0 V over a broad range of d-GLC concentrations (100.0 pM–100.0 mM) and found to be linear (R2 = 0.6974). The sensitivity (1.27 × 10−3 μA μM−1 cm−2), LOQ (417.5 mM), and LOD (125 250 μM) were calculated from the calibration curve. The LDR (1.0 μM–1000 μM) was derived from the calibration plot and was also found to be linear (R2 = 0.9492). The preparation of ZnO·V2O5 NRs by a wet-chemical technique is a good advancement for the expansion of nanomaterial-based sensors to support enzyme-free sensing of biomolecules in healthcare fields. This fabricated GCE/ZnO·V2O5 NRs/Nf sensor was used for the recognition of d-glucose in real samples (apple juice, human serum, and urine) and returned satisfactory and rational outcomes. A simple wet-chemical technique was used to prepare zinc oxide-doped vanadium pentaoxide nanorods (ZnO·V2O5 NRs) in an alkaline environment.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Rahman
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
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Shan J, Li J, Chu X, Xu M, Jin F, Wang X, Ma L, Fang X, Wei Z, Wang X. High sensitivity glucose detection at extremely low concentrations using a MoS2-based field-effect transistor. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7942-7948. [PMID: 35541987 PMCID: PMC9078572 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13614e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) based field-effect transistors (FETs) have attracted much attention because of the unique properties of MoS2 nano-materials as an ideal channel material. Using a MoS2 FET as a glucose solution biosensor has the advantages of high sensitivity and rapid response. This paper is concerned with the fabrication of a bilayer MoS2-based FET and the study of its application in the high sensitivity detection of an extremely low concentration glucose solution. It was found that the source-drain current (Ids) increases as the concentration of the glucose solution increases at the same gate voltage (Vgs) and drain voltage (Vds). The sensitivity of the biosensor as high as 260.75 mA mM−1 has been calculated and the detection limit of 300 nM was measured. The unknown concentration of a glucose solution was also detected using data based on the relationship between Ids and glucose solution concentration. In addition, many significant advantages of the biosensor were observed, such as short response time (<1 s), good stability, wide linear detection range (300 nM to 30 mM) and the micro-detection of glucose solutions. These unique properties make the bilayer MoS2-based FET a great potential candidate for next generation biosensors. The high sensitivity (260.75 mA mM−1) detection of an extremely low concentration (300 nM) glucose solution is demonstrated by the bilayer MoS2 FET based biosensor.![]()
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Immobilization of glucose oxidase on ZnO nanorods decorated electrolyte-gated field effect transistor for glucose detection. J Solid State Electrochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-017-3716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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