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Di Leto Y, Mineo A, Capri FC, Gallo G, Mannina G, Alduina R. The effects of headspace volume reactor on the microbial community structure during fermentation processes for volatile fatty acid production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-35389-x. [PMID: 39441512 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-35389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
The transition from traditional wastewater treatment plants to biorefineries represents an environmentally and economically sustainable approach to extracting valuable compounds from waste. Sewage sludge produced from wastewater treatment is incinerated or disposed of in specific landfills. Repurposing this waste material to recover valuable resources could help lower disposal costs and reduce environmental impact by producing other beneficial polymers. Microorganisms present in the sewage sludge can ferment organic pollutants, producing volatile fatty acids (VFA), precursors for biopolymers that could be used as an alternative to petroleum-derived plastics. To boost VFA production during sewage sludge fermentation, it is necessary to understand the operating microbial community and its metabolic capacities in anaerobic conditions. This study presents the influence of the headspace volume on the microbial community and the VFA production to define the best operational parameters in a 225 L pilot plant fermenter. The wasted sewage sludge was withdrawn from an oxic-settling-anaerobic plant that collected wastewater from the canteen and dormitory of the UNIPA Campus (Palermo University, Italy) and incubated using a 40% and a 60% headspace volume. The microbial community was analysed before and after the fermentation process through metataxonomic analysis, and VFA yields were determined by gas chromatography analysis. Our results showed that the 40% headspace volume induced a tenfold higher VFA production than the 60% headspace volume, modulating the microbial community's efforts to establish a VFA-producing factory. Notably, at 40% headspace, the relative abundance of bacteria, like Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi, significantly increased, as well as the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia decreased during the fermentation process. This result is consistent with the selection of efficient VFA-producing bacteria that lead to increased VFA yields that are not obtained at 60% headspace. Thus, reducing headspace is a promising strategy that can be implemented, even in full-scale plants, to optimise the wastewater reuse process and maximise VFA production to produce bioplastics, like polyhydroxyalkanoate, for the transition from linear wastewater treatment plants to circular biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Di Leto
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Mineo
- Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fanny Claire Capri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gallo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133, Palermo, Italy.
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Mineo A, Di Leto Y, Cosenza A, Capri FC, Gallo G, Alduina R, Ni BJ, Mannina G. Enhancing volatile fatty acid production from sewage sludge in batch fermentation tests. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140859. [PMID: 38048828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFA) from sewage sludge represent an excellent recovered resource from wastewater treatment. This study investigated four sludge pre-treatments (namely, potassium permanganate - KMnO4, initial pH = 10, initial pH = 2.5 and low-temperature thermal hydrolysis) by operating batch reactors under acidogenic fermentation conditions. Results revealed that 0.1 g KMnO4/g of total suspended solids represents the best pre-treatment obtaining up to 2713 mgCOD L-1 and 452 mgCOD/g of volatile suspended solids. These results also paralleled metataxonomic analysis highlighting changes in prokaryotic microbial structures of sewage sludge of the batch fermentations subjected to the different pre-treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mineo
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 8, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ylenia Di Leto
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alida Cosenza
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 8, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fanny Claire Capri
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gallo
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 8, Palermo, Italy.
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3
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Mineo A, Cosenza A, Ni BJ, Mannina G. Enhancing the production of volatile fatty acids by potassium permanganate from wasted sewage sludge: A batch test experiment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21957. [PMID: 38028001 PMCID: PMC10658334 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovering resources from wastewater treatment is vital for the transition from a linear to a circular economy model in the water sector. Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) are valuable products among the possible recovered resources. This study investigates the influence of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) addition during acidogenic fermentation of waste activated sludge for enhancing VFAs production. Specifically, different fermentation batch tests with and without KMnO4 addition were carried out using two distinctive sewage sludges as feedstocks. Results showed that KMnO4 addition increased the VFAs yield up to 144 and 196 mgCOD/g VSS for the two sludges. When KMnO4 was used as pre-treatment, 55 % of sCOD were VFAs. This latter result was mainly debited to the recalcitrant organics' disruption promoted by the oxidative permanganate ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mineo
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alida Cosenza
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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4
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Ji J, Ye Y, Sheng L, Sun J, Hong Q, Liu C, Ding J, Geng S, Xu D, Zhang Y, Sun X. Sleep Promotion by 3-Hydroxy-4-Iminobutyric Acid in Walnut Diaphragma juglandis Fructus. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0216. [PMID: 37732131 PMCID: PMC10508226 DOI: 10.34133/research.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient sleep can produce a multitude of deleterious repercussions on various domains of human well-being. Concomitantly, the walnut (Juglans mandshurica) confers numerous salutary biological activities pertaining to sleep. Nevertheless, the sedative and hypnotic capacities of walnut's functional constituents remain obscure. In this investigation, we analyzed the sedative and hypnotic components of the walnut Diaphragma juglandis fructus and innovatively discovered a compound, defined as 3-hydroxy-4-iminobutyric acid (HIBA), which disrupts motor activity and enhances sleep duration by regulating the neurotransmitters (GABA, DA, etc.) within the brain and serum of mice. Subsequently, a metabolomics approach of the serum, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and hippocampus as well as the gut microbiota was undertaken to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms of sleep promotion. Our data reveal that HIBA can regulate the metabolism of basal ganglia (sphingolipids, acylcarnitines, etc.), possibly in relation to HIBA's influence on the gut microbiome (Muribaculum, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, etc.). Therefore, we introduce a novel natural product, HIBA, and explicate the modulation of sleep promotion in mice based on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This study contributes fresh insights toward natural product-based sleep research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, No. 311 Nongda Dong Road, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region 830052, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Lina Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Chemistry,
Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Shuxiang Geng
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, P.R. China
| | - Deping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Yinzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
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5
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Liu C, Sun C, Cheng Y. β-Glucan alleviates mice with ulcerative colitis through interactions between gut microbes and amino acids metabolism. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4006-4016. [PMID: 36433918 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food polysaccharide 1,3-β-d-glucan (OBG) has been shown to alleviate ulcerative colitis (UC) in a mouse model, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate potential mechanisms involving interactions among gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and host metabolic function. RESULTS OBG alleviated colonic inflammation, barrier dysfunction and intestinal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in mice with UC. In addition, the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae, Alistipes, Erysipelatoclostridium and Blautia increased, whereas the abundance of Proteus, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcus decreased within the gut microbiota upon OBG treatment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses showed that intestinal enzymes altered upon OBG treatment were mainly enriched in sub-pathways of amino acid biosynthesis. Metabolomics analyses showed that l-tryptophan, l-tyrosine, l-phenylalanine and l-alanine increased, which is consistent with the predictive metabolism of gut microbiota. Correlation analysis and interaction networks highlighted gut microbiota (especially Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides, Proteus and Blautia), metabolites (especially l-phenylalanine, l-tryptophan, l-tyrosine and acetic acid) and metabolism (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis) that may be key targets of OBG. CONCLUSION OBG is beneficial to the gut microecological balance in mice with colitis, mainly becaue of its impact on the interactions between gut microbes and amino acids metabolism (especially tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism). © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Changwu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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6
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Aquino M, Santoro S, Di Profio G, Francesco La Russa M, Limonti C, Straface S, D'Andrea G, Curcio E, Siciliano A. Membrane distillation for separation and recovery of valuable compounds from anaerobic digestates. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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7
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Mohan C, Annachhatre A. Role of pine needle biochar in operation and stability of anaerobic processes. Biodegradation 2023; 34:53-71. [PMID: 36399191 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-022-10004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Utility of biochar addition in anaerobic processes for promoting direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) is demonstrated in this research. Biochar produced from pyrolysis of pine needle forest residue was used as conductive material for DIET. Three CSTRs were operated in parallel with and without biochar addition in fed-batch mode. Reactor without biochar which represented indirect interspecies electron transfer (IIET) exhibited wide variation in pH and VFA and took longer period during startup. All the rectors were operated at steady state with an OLR ranging from 0.5 to 1.75 kg-COD/m3.d. As OLR increased, performance of reactor without biochar resulted in rapid pH drop and increase in VFA, leading to its eventual failure at OLR of 1.75 kg-COD/m3.d. As against to this, performance of reactors with biochar remained robust and relatively unaffected at higher OLR values. Daily VFA accumulation from fed-batch mode always remained highest in reactor without biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chander Mohan
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India
| | - Ajit Annachhatre
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
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8
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Zhang W, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Yao W, Qian H. Neuroprotective effects of polysaccharide from Sparassis crispa on Alzheimer's disease-like mice: Involvement of microbiota-gut-brain axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:974-986. [PMID: 36402384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease that may cause neurotoxicity and imbalance in gut microbiota. A polysaccharide derived from Sparassis crispa-1 (SCP-1) acts as a neuroprotective agent in vitro. There is, however, no clarity on the mechanism responsible for SCP-1's neuroprotective effects against AD. In this study, C57BL/6J male mice were treated with D-galactose and AlCl3 to establish an animal model of AD, followed by treatment with SCP-1. As evidenced by behavioral tests and brain pathology, SCP-1 treatment ameliorated learning deficits and defective spatial recognition, reduced amyloidogenesis, and modulated the neurotransmitter levels (γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and acetylcholine) in the brain of AD mice. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that SCP-1 reshaped the gut microbiota composition, especially by promoting the proliferation of butyrate-producing genera, such as Intestinaimonas, [Eubacterium] ventriosum group, Lachnospiraceae_UCG_010, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001, and suppressing the growth of inflammation-related bacteria (i.e., Escherichia/Shigella). Furthermore, SCP-1 significantly attenuated inflammation by reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines, maintaining intestinal barrier function, inhibiting glial activation, and decreasing the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Collectively, our findings suggest that SCP-1 may prevent the development of AD via modulation of gut microbiota and suppression of inflammation, for a potential application in preventing or managing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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Mineo A, Cosenza A, Mannina G. Sewage sludge acidogenic fermentation for organic resource recovery towards carbon neutrality: An experimental survey testing the headspace influence. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128217. [PMID: 36332859 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced by acidogenic digestion of sewage sludge are very interesting bio-products which can contribute to carbon neutrality of wastewater treatment plants. Studies on the production of VFAs from sewage sludge from fermenters with membrane are limited. In view of above, VFAs from a fermenter pilot plant equipped with a membrane bioreactor and fed with real sewage sludge has been monitored. The effect of headspace volume (HdV) on VFA production was studied for the first time to elucidate the optimal operation conditions. Specifically, three fermenter HdV values (namely, 20, 40 and 60% of the total volume) have been investigated. Results revealed that the HdV of 20% ensured the highest sCOD production (900 mgCOD/L) and VFA/COD ratio (45.4%). High value of HdV (namely, 40 and 60%) strongly decreased the acidogenic fermentation performance in terms of VFA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mineo
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze bldg. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alida Cosenza
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze bldg. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze bldg. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Courtois N, Pochard I, Remery M, Hihn JY, Tourneret L. Influence of the characteristics of paper mill sludges on their anaerobic digestion. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2022; 40:1256-1266. [PMID: 34937463 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211065698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterise the anaerobic degradation of three paper mill waste water treatment residues in the shape of sludges and to correlate this anaerobic digestion to the physico-chemical characteristics of the paper sludges. After a deep characterisation of each paper sludge in their initial stage, several parameters were analysed on each paper sludge in mesophilic conditions for 40-50 days: pH, conductivity, chemical oxygen demand, total organic acids and organic fibres degradation. A special care was taken to identify and quantify the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced by the digestion using gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer. The results showed that in paper sludges, cellulose mainly degrades over time while the degradation of the other fibres (hemicellulose and lignin) is limited. Consequently, the greater the cellulose content in a paper sludge, the greater the digestion and formation of VFAs. However, not all the cellulose degrades because of a shielding effect of lignin on cellulose, and a pH buffering effect of the calcium carbonate present in the paper sludges limits the hydrolysis-acidogenesis step of the anaerobic digestion. Finally, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) investigations showed that acetic acid is the main VFA produced by the anaerobic digestion of paper sludges. This work helps predicting paper mill sludge evolution in the purpose of using them in circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemie Courtois
- Institut UTINAM UMR 6213 CNRS Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, Besancon, France
- R&D Laboratory, Wienerberger, Lantenne-Vertieres, France
| | - Isabelle Pochard
- Institut UTINAM UMR 6213 CNRS Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, Besancon, France
| | - Marielle Remery
- Institut UTINAM UMR 6213 CNRS Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, Besancon, France
| | - Jean-Yves Hihn
- Institut UTINAM UMR 6213 CNRS Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, Besancon, France
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11
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Combination of microbiome and metabolome to analyze the cross-synergism mechanism of inulin and gut microbiota in vitro and vivo. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Foote AP. TECHNICAL NOTE: Analysis of volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid by gas chromatography mass spectrometry using a dimethyl carbonate extraction. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6602132. [PMID: 35660871 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of rumen fluid volatile fatty acids (VFA) is typically conducted by injecting acidified aqueous rumen fluid into a gas chromatograph (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID). Aqueous samples are highly problematic because of the large vapor volume that can lead to poor peak shape and contamination of inlets, potentially causing sample carryover. Methods using aqueous samples are not well suited for use in a mass spectrometer (MS) detector system. The objective of this project was to validate a dimethyl carbonate (DMC) extraction process and GCMS method for rumen VFA analysis. To perform the extraction, 100 µL of sample, KHSO4 (500 g/L), and 2-ethylbutyrate (internal standard; 8.5 mM) were added to a microcentrifuge tube (in order) followed by 1 mL of DMC. The mixture was thoroughly vortexed, and centrifuged. The organic layer (top) was removed and placed in a GC vial. The DMC extract was injected (0.5 µL) into an Agilent 5977B GCMS (8:1 split injection) with a polar DB-FFAP column. The column was held at 105°C for 5 min, increased at 10°C/min to 150°C, then 65°C/min to 240°C, and held constant for 10 min. The peak area of acetate relative to the internal standard is linear from approximately 2 mM to at least 130 mM and encompasses the expected values of rumen concentrations for the other VFA. Recovery of VFA from spiked rumen fluid was tested at three concentrations in rumen fluid from steers fed a finishing diet or grazing wheat pasture. Recovery was not affected by the diet of the animals (P > 0.10) or the amount of VFA spiked (P > 0.19) for acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, or butyrate. There was an interaction of amount of VFA spiked and the diet of the animal (P = 0.021) for valerate and a tendency for an interaction (P = 0.051) for isovalerate, due to the recovery of the VFA being lower in the medium spike amount in rumen fluid from cattle on wheat pasture. Overall, recovery was greatest for propionate (101.9 ± 1.67%) and lowest for valerate (95.7± 1.95%). Including the 10 min hold at 240°C at the end of each run prevented carryover from sample to sample. This method appears to perform well in a GCMS system and accurately and precisely quantifies rumen fluid VFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Foote
- Department of Animal & Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
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13
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Improved Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of High-Range Volatile Fatty Acids in Mixed Acid Fermentation of Organic Residues. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8050202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are the important intermediates indicating the stability and performance of fermentation process. This study developed the spectrophotometric method for determining high-range VFA concentration in mixed-acid fermentation samples. The performance was compared with the gas chromatography (GC) technique. The calibration curves of the modified method showed linearity over a wide and high concentration range of 250–5000 mg/L for individual C2–C6 VFAs in both linear and branched chains. In order to evaluate the modified method for VFA determination in complex fermentation matrices, fermentation samples produced from acidogenic fermentation of plant materials were spiked with acetic (500–1500 mg/L) and butyric acids (1000 mg/L). The accuracy and precision of the modified method for VFA determination were in the range of 94.68–106.50% and 2.35–9.26%, respectively, comparable to the GC method (94.42–99.13% and 0.17–1.93%). The developed method was applicable to measuring all C2–C6 compounds and VFA concentrations in the fermentation samples and had an acceptable accuracy and precision. The proposed method is analytically reliable and offers significant advantages in the rapid determination of VFAs in mixed acid fermentation of organic residues.
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Comprehensive analysis of Sparassis crispa polysaccharide characteristics during the in vitro digestion and fermentation model. Food Res Int 2022; 154:111005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Song Y, Cai C, Song Y, Sun X, Liu B, Xue P, Zhu M, Chai W, Wang Y, Wang C, Li M. A Comprehensive Review of Lipidomics and Its Application to Assess Food Obtained from Farm Animals. Food Sci Anim Resour 2022; 42:1-17. [PMID: 35028570 PMCID: PMC8728500 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2021.e59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are one of the major macronutrients essential for adequate growth and
maintenance of human health. Their structure is not only complex but also
diverse, which makes systematic and holistic analyses challenging; consequently,
little is known regarding the relationship between phenotype and mechanism of
action. In recent years, rapid advancements have been made in the fields of
lipidomics and bioinformatics. In comparison with traditional approaches, mass
spectrometry-based lipidomics can rapidly identify as well as quantify
>1,000 lipid species at the same time, facilitating comprehensive, robust
analyses of lipids in tissues, cells, and body fluids. Accordingly, lipidomics
is now being widely applied in various fields, particularly food and nutrition
science. In this review, we discuss lipid classification, extraction techniques,
and detection and analysis using lipidomics. We also cover how lipidomics is
being used to assess food obtained from livestock and poultry. The information
included herein should serve as a reference to determine how to characterize
lipids in animal food samples, enhancing our understanding of the application of
lipidomics in the field in animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Song
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Changyun Cai
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yingzi Song
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Xue Sun
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Baoxiu Liu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Peng Xue
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Mingxia Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Wenqiong Chai
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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Liu C, Jiang W, Yang F, Guo Y, Yao W, Cheng Y, Zhao Y, He Q. Combination of microbiome and metabolome to analyze the cross-cooperation mechanism of Echinacea purpurea polysaccharide with gut microbiota in vitro and in vivo. Food Funct 2022; 13:10069-10082. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02336a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Echinacea purpurea polysaccharide (EPP) is a functional compound in Echinacea purpurea. At the present, it is generally recognized that plant polysaccharides can regulate the intestinal microecology, but there are few...
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Küçükağa Y, Facchin A, Torri C, Kara S. An original Arduino-controlled anaerobic bioreactor packed with biochar as a porous filter media. MethodsX 2022; 9:101615. [PMID: 35070731 PMCID: PMC8762465 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioreactors are commonly used apparatuses generally equipped with several built-in specifications for the investigation of biological treatment studies. Each bioreactor test may require different types of specialty such as heating, agitation, re-circulation and some further technologies like online sensoring. Even thought, there are many ready-to-use fabricated bioreactors available in the market with a cost usually over than 1000 €, it is often not possible to access those advanced (but inflexible) systems for many students, young-researchers or small-scale private R&D companies. In this work, a new low cost (≈100€) packed-bed anaerobic bioreactor was developed, and all methodological details including open-source coding and 3D design files are shared with informative descriptions. Some preliminary tests were conducted to verify the developed bioreactor system's credibility in terms of leak-tightness, accurate gas monitoring, temperature controlling, and mass balance (COD-eq) coverage, which all have shown a very promising performance.A consistent model bioreactor that will be called as “tetrapod” was developed for anaerobic treatment of challenging substrates such as pyrolytic liquids. Coarse biochar grains were used as an organic packing material to stimulate the microbial bioconversion by increasing the active surface area for the attached-growth anaerobic mixed microbial culture (MMC). An open-source Arduino based digital gasometer was developed for online monitoring of biogas change in the lab-scale system. Arduino was also used as a digital controller for maintaining pulse-mode liquid recirculation of the bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Küçükağa
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto, 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Andrea Facchin
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto, 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - Cristian Torri
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto, 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Serdar Kara
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Jiao X, He C, Zhou P, Chen F, Wang C. Pre-column derivatization and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS determination of fatty acids in Sargassum fusiforme algae. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Automated method for volatile fatty acids determination in anaerobic processes using in-syringe magnetic stirring assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462034. [PMID: 33744655 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are key parameters to monitor anaerobic digestion processes. Thus, a fast, simple and precise determination of these analytes is necessary for a timely characterization of the biological processes present in municipal solid waste and wastewater treatment plants. In this work, an automated method for the extraction and preconcentration of VFAs, based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with magnetic stirring in syringe, and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector for the separation and detection, is described. The effect of parameters such as the type and volume of extraction solvent, pH, salting out effect and stirring time, was studied using a multivariate and univariate experimental design. Extraction and preconcentration were performed simultaneously using tert-butyl methyl ether (TBME) as the extraction solvent, after stirring 100 s at a constant rate. The detection limits were in the range of 0.1 - 1.3 mg L-1 and a good linearity was observed up to 1000 mg L-1 of the studied VFAs, with a range of R2 between 0.9997 and 0.9999. The intra and interday precision expressed as relative standard deviation (n= 5) varied between 0.7 and 2.4% and between 1.7 and 7.0%, respectively. Subsequently, the developed method was successfully applied to evaluate the presence of VFAs in wastewater samples from anaerobic treatments and an average relative recovery of 102% was obtained.
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Zhu W, Jia Y, Sun J, Zhang P, Shao F, Jing Y. Lithium isotope separation using 4′-acetylbenzo-15-crown-5 and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl] imide in the synergistic extraction system. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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