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Wang Z, Li N, Xie Z, Pan T, Zhang C, Liao J, Tian Y. Development of a rapid and sensitive fluorescent probe for high-throughput detecting SO 2 in food samples. Food Chem 2024; 434:137506. [PMID: 37742548 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2), widely used as an antioxidant and preservative in food production, has been associated with detrimental cardiovascular and neurological effects when consumed excessively. This highlights the pressing need to develop a fast and sensitive probe capable of high-throughput screening for the quantitative determination of SO2 in food. Herein, we synthesized a new fluorescent probe, namely B3, specifically designed for high-throughput detection of SO2 in food. The vinyl chloride aldehyde within the B3 structure engages in a nucleophilic addition reaction with SO2, contributing to B3's exceptional selectivity for SO2, and fast response time within 9 s. Furthermore, by integrating B3 with a microplate reader, we effectively achieved high-throughput detection of SO2 concentration up to 45 μM within a pH range of 5.5 to 8.0 in real food samples. This accomplishment serves as a significant contribution to ensuring consumer safety and facilitating health assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Nanxin Li
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou 51000, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, 7019 Yitian Road, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Jianxiang Liao
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, 7019 Yitian Road, Shenzhen 518038, China.
| | - Yanqing Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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Lu SY, Liu CC, Huang KH, Yu CX, Fu LM. Microfluidic Distillation System for Separation of Propionic Acid in Foods. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1133. [PMID: 37374718 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic distillation system is proposed to facilitate the separation and subsequent determination of propionic acid (PA) in foods. The system comprises two main components: (1) a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) micro-distillation chip incorporating a micro-evaporator chamber, a sample reservoir, and a serpentine micro-condensation channel; and (2) and a DC-powered distillation module with built-in heating and cooling functions. In the distillation process, homogenized PA sample and de-ionized water are injected into the sample reservoir and micro-evaporator chamber, respectively, and the chip is then mounted on a side of the distillation module. The de-ionized water is heated by the distillation module, and the steam flows from the evaporation chamber to the sample reservoir, where it prompts the formation of PA vapor. The vapor flows through the serpentine microchannel and is condensed under the cooling effects of the distillation module to produce a PA extract solution. A small quantity of the extract is transferred to a macroscale HPLC and photodiode array (PDA) detector system, where the PA concentration is determined using a chromatographic method. The experimental results show that the microfluidic distillation system achieves a distillation (separation) efficiency of around 97% after 15 min. Moreover, in tests performed using 10 commercial baked food samples, the system achieves a limit of detection of 50 mg/L and a limit of quantitation of 96 mg/L, respectively. The practical feasibility of the proposed system is thus confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yu Lu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Chiung Liu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hsun Huang
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Xue Yu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Ming Fu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Materials Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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Che S, Xu A, Shou Q, Yin L, Zhou C, Fu H, She Y. A fluorescent and colorimetric sensor based on ionic liquids for the on-site monitoring trace gaseous SO2. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1232:340396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Microfluidic aptasensor POC device for determination of whole blood potassium. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1203:339722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ding C, Ren Y, Liu X, Zeng J, Yu X, Zhou D, Li Y. Detection and discrimination of sulfur dioxide using a colorimetric sensor array. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25852-25859. [PMID: 36199613 PMCID: PMC9469182 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04251g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Discrimination and detection of sulfur dioxide residues in foods using a simple colorimetric array have been achieved. The difference maps before and after the reaction showed that the specific color fingerprint was related to the amount of sulfur dioxide. The results of principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) demonstrated that the as-fabricated colorimetric sensor array have good performance for the discrimination of sulfur dioxide and other interferents, as well as different concentrations of sulfur dioxide. Moreover, the array has been successfully applied to determine the concentration of sulfur dioxide residues in real samples and revealed good accuracy, precision and repeatability. In this work, a colorimetric sensor array based on six specific color reactions was developed and used for the determination of sulfur dioxide content. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of sulfur dioxide residues in real samples was achieved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqiang Ding
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ren
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100, P. R. China
| | - Xinyang Liu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zeng
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100, P. R. China
| | - Xinping Yu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100, P. R. China
| | - Daxiang Zhou
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100, P. R. China
| | - Yanjie Li
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100, P. R. China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Northeast Chongqing, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100, P. R. China
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Microfluidic colorimetric detection platform with sliding hybrid PMMA/paper microchip for human urine and blood sample analysis. Talanta 2021; 231:122362. [PMID: 33965028 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic colorimetric detection (MCD) platform consisting of a sliding hybrid PMMA/paper microchip and a smart analysis system is proposed for the convenient, low-cost and rapid analysis of human urine and whole blood samples. The sliding PMMA/paper microchip comprises a PMMA microfluidic chip for sample injection and transportation, a paper strip for sample filtration (urine) or separation (blood), and a sealed paper-chip detection zone for sample reaction and detection. In the proposed device, the paper-chip is coated with bicinchoninic acid (BCA) and biuret reagent and is then assembled into the PMMA microchip and packaged in aluminum housing. In the detection process, the PMMA/paper microchip is slid partially out of the housing, and 2 μL of sample (urine or whole blood) is dripped onto the sample injection zone. The chip is then slid back into the housing and the sample is filtered/separated by the paper strip and transferred under the effects of capillary action to the sealed paper-chip detection zone. The housing is inserted into the color analysis system and heated at 45 °C for 5 min to produce a purple-colored reaction complex. The complex is imaged using a CCD camera and the RGB color intensity of the image is then analyzed using a smartphone to determine the total protein (TP) concentration of the sample. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using TP control samples with known concentrations in the range of 0.03-5.0 g/dL. The detection results obtained for 50 human urine samples obtained from random volunteers are shown to be consistent with those obtained from a conventional hospital analysis system (R2 = 0.992). Moreover, the detection results obtained for the albumin (ALB) and creatine (CRE) concentrations of 50 whole blood samples are also shown to be in good agreement with the results obtained from the hospital analysis system (R2 = 0.982 and 0.988, respectively).
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Ng HY, Lee WC, Kung CT, Li LC, Lee CT, Fu LM. Recent Advances in Microfluidic Devices for Contamination Detection and Quality Inspection of Milk. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:558. [PMID: 34068982 PMCID: PMC8156775 DOI: 10.3390/mi12050558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Milk is a necessity for human life. However, it is susceptible to contamination and adulteration. Microfluidic analysis devices have attracted significant attention for the high-throughput quality inspection and contaminant analysis of milk samples in recent years. This review describes the major proposals presented in the literature for the pretreatment, contaminant detection, and quality inspection of milk samples using microfluidic lab-on-a-chip and lab-on-paper platforms in the past five years. The review focuses on the sample separation, sample extraction, and sample preconcentration/amplification steps of the pretreatment process and the determination of aflatoxins, antibiotics, drugs, melamine, and foodborne pathogens in the detection process. Recent proposals for the general quality inspection of milk samples, including the viscosity and presence of adulteration, are also discussed. The review concludes with a brief perspective on the challenges facing the future development of microfluidic devices for the analysis of milk samples in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwee-Yeong Ng
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (H.-Y.N.); (W.-C.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-T.L.)
| | - Wen-Chin Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (H.-Y.N.); (W.-C.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-T.L.)
| | - Chia-Te Kung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - Lung-Chih Li
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (H.-Y.N.); (W.-C.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-T.L.)
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (H.-Y.N.); (W.-C.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-T.L.)
| | - Lung-Ming Fu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Tseng CC, Ko CH, Lu SY, Yang CE, Fu LM, Li CY. Rapid electrochemical-biosensor microchip platform for determination of microalbuminuria in CKD patients. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1146:70-76. [PMID: 33461721 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical-biosensor (EC-biosensor) microchip consisting of screen-printed electrodes and a double-layer reagent paper detection zone impregnated with amaranth is proposed for the rapid determination of microalbuminuria (MAU) in human urine samples. Under the action of an applied deposition potential, the amaranth is adsorbed on the electrode surface and the subsequent reaction between the modified surface and the MAU content in the urine sample prompts the formation of an inert layer on the electrode surface. The inert layer impedes the transfer of electrons and hence produces a drop in the response peak current, from which the MAU concentration can then be determined. The measurement results obtained for seven artificial urine samples with known MAU concentrations in the range of 0.1-40 mg/dL show that the measured response peak current is related to the MAU concentration with a determination coefficient of R2 = 0.991 in the low concentration range of 0.1-10 mg/dL and R2 = 0.996 in the high concentration range of 10-40 mg/dL. Furthermore, the detection results obtained for 82 actual chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients show an excellent agreement (R2 = 0.988) with the hospital analysis results. Overall, the results confirm that the proposed detection platform provides a convenient and reliable approach for performing sensitive point-of-care testing (POCT) of the MAU content in human urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chung Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University and Hospital, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsuan Ko
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Song-Yu Lu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chia-En Yang
- Office of Physical Education, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Ming Fu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Materials Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Yu Li
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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Ko CH, Liu CC, Chen KH, Sheu F, Fu LM, Chen SJ. Microfluidic colorimetric analysis system for sodium benzoate detection in foods. Food Chem 2020; 345:128773. [PMID: 33302108 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sodium benzoate (SBA) is a widely-used additive for preventing food spoilage and deterioration and extending the shelf life. However, the concentration of SBA must be controlled under safe regulations to avoid damaging human health. Accordingly, this study proposes a microfluidic colorimetric analysis (MCA) system composing of a wax-printed paper-microchip and a self-made smart analysis equipment for the concentration detection of SBA in common foods and beverages. In the presented method, the distilled SBA sample is mixed with NaOH to obtain a nitro compound and the compound is then dripped onto the reaction area of the paper-microchip, which is embedded with two layers of reagents (namely acetophenone and acetone). The paper-microchip is heated at 120 °C for 20 min to cause a colorimetric reaction and the reaction image is then obtained through a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) device and transmitted to a cell-phone over a WiFi connection. Finally, use the self-developed RGB analysis software installed on the cell-phone to obtain the SBA concentration. A calibration curve is constructed using SBA samples with known concentrations ranging from 50 ppm (0.35 mM) to 5000 ppm (35 mM). It is shown that the R + G + B value (Y) of the reaction image and SBA concentration (X) are related via Y = -0.034 X +737.40, with a determination coefficient of R2 = 0.9970. By measuring the SBA concentration of 15 commercially available food and beverage products, the actual feasibility of the current MCA system can be demonstrated. The results show that the difference from the measurement results obtained using the macroscale HPLC method does not exceed 6.0%. Overall, the current system provides a reliable and low-cost technique for quantifying the SBA concentration in food and drink products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsuan Ko
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Chiung Liu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hong Chen
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fuu Sheu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Ming Fu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Materials Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
| | - Szu-Jui Chen
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Materials Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
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