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Pengsomjit U, Alabdo F, Karuwan C, Kraiya C, Alahmad W, Ozkan SA. Innovative Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Improvement of Electrochemical Sensors: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38656227 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2343854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Graphene, renowned for its exceptional physicochemical attributes, has emerged as a favored substrate for integrating a wide array of inorganic and organic materials in scientific endeavors and innovations. Electrochemical graphene-based nanocomposite sensors have been developed by incorporating diverse nanoparticles into graphene, effectively immobilized onto electrodes through various techniques. These graphene-based nanocomposite sensors have effectively detected and quantified various electroactive species in samples. This review delves into using graphene nanocomposites to fabricate electrochemical sensors, leveraging the exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties inherent to graphene derivatives. These nanocomposites showcase electrocatalytic activity, substantial surface area, superior electrical conductivity, adsorption capabilities, and notable porosity, which are highly advantageous for sensing applications. A myriad of characterization techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), have proven effective in exploring the properties of graphene nanocomposites and validating the adjustable formation of these nanomaterials with graphene. The applicability of these sensors across various matrices, encompassing environmental, food, and biological domains, has been evaluated through electrochemical measurements, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). This review provides a comprehensive overview of synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and sensor applications pertinent to graphene-based nanocomposites. Furthermore, it deliberates on the challenges and future prospects within this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Untika Pengsomjit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Fatima Alabdo
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Idlib University, Idlib, Syria
| | - Chanpen Karuwan
- Graphene Research Team (GRP), National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Charoenkwan Kraiya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waleed Alahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkiye
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Dhanalaxmi B, Balchander V, Sumalatha V, Ayodhya D, Reddy GP. Hydrothermal Fabrication of Efficient Binary Pd/Ag 2S Heterojunction Composites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Fluorometric Selective Sensing of Organophosphate Pesticides. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03405-x. [PMID: 37922112 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Although many plasmonic nanosensors have been established for the detection of analytes, few of them are feasible for analyzing natural samples with very complex matrices because of insufficient method selectivity. To address this challenge, we propose an epitaxial and lattice-mismatch approach to the synthesis of a unique Pd/Ag2S nanostructure, which consists of a Pd segment with excellent plasmonic characteristics, and a highly stable Ag2S portion with minimum solubility product (Ksp(Ag2S) = 6.3 × 10- 50). Hence, Ag2S nanoparticles (NPs) and optimized (10.05 mmol/L) Pd/Ag2S composite were prepared using a hydrothermal method. The fabricated samples were characterized using different tools including UV-vis DRS, PL, powder XRD, TEM, and BET surface area measurements. Furthermore, the fluorometric sensing performance of the Ag2S and Pd/Ag2S samples was examined in the detection of organophosphate pesticides such as MLT, PRT, DZN, FNT, DCL, MCP, and CPS pesticides at room temperature. The quantitative detection of MLT, PRT, DZN, FNT, DCL, MCP, and CPS pesticides was achieved based on the Pd/Ag2S composite and organophosphate group-specific interaction. The optimized sensor exhibited a lower limit of detection (3.08 µM), excellent reproducibility, selectivity, and stability with an enhanced sensitivity of - 207.1 µA/µM cm2 (R2 = 0.98) in the range of 10 µM-100 µM for the detection of CPS pesticide. In addition, the fluorometric sensor has excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, providing a feasible method for not only the detection of CPS pesticides but also other analytes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dhanalaxmi
- University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - V Balchander
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, BV Raju Institute of Technology, Narsapur, 502313, Telangana, India
| | - V Sumalatha
- Department of Chemistry, JMJ College for Women, Tenali, 522201, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Dasari Ayodhya
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Chemical Group, Intellectual Property India, Patent Office, GST Road, Guindy, Chennai, 600032, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Prabhakar Reddy
- University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
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Sánchez-Tirado E, Yáñez-Sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Carbon-Based Enzyme Mimetics for Electrochemical Biosensing. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1746. [PMID: 37763909 PMCID: PMC10538133 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Natural enzymes are used as special reagents for the preparation of electrochemical (bio)sensors due to their ability to catalyze processes, improving the selectivity of detection. However, some drawbacks, such as denaturation in harsh experimental conditions and their rapid de- gradation, as well as the high cost and difficulties in recycling them, restrict their practical applications. Nowadays, the use of artificial enzymes, mostly based on nanomaterials, mimicking the functions of natural products, has been growing. These so-called nanozymes present several advantages over natural enzymes, such as enhanced stability, low cost, easy production, and rapid activity. These outstanding features are responsible for their widespread use in areas such as catalysis, energy, imaging, sensing, or biomedicine. These materials can be divided into two main groups: metal and carbon-based nanozymes. The latter provides additional advantages compared to metal nanozymes, i.e., stable and tuneable activity and good biocompatibility, mimicking enzyme activities such as those of peroxidase, catalase, oxidase, superoxide dismutase, nuclease, or phosphatase. In this review article, we have focused on the use of carbon-based nanozymes for the preparation of electrochemical (bio)sensors. The main features of the most recent applications have been revised and illustrated with examples selected from the literature over the last four years (since 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paloma Yáñez-Sedeño
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.S.-T.); (J.M.P.)
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Rauf U, Shabir G, Bukhari S, Albericio F, Saeed A. Contemporary Developments in Ferrocene Chemistry: Physical, Chemical, Biological and Industrial Aspects. Molecules 2023; 28:5765. [PMID: 37570735 PMCID: PMC10420780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferrocenyl-based compounds have many applications in diverse scientific disciplines, including in polymer chemistry as redox dynamic polymers and dendrimers, in materials science as bioreceptors, and in pharmacology, biochemistry, electrochemistry, and nonlinear optics. Considering the horizon of ferrocene chemistry, we attempted to condense the neoteric advancements in the synthesis and applications of ferrocene derivatives reported in the literature from 2016 to date. This paper presents data on the progression of the synthesis of diverse classes of organic compounds having ferrocene scaffolds and recent developments in applications of ferrocene-based organometallic compounds, with a special focus on their biological, medicinal, bio-sensing, chemosensing, asymmetric catalysis, material, and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Ghulam Shabir
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Saba Bukhari
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
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Song W, Peng C, Liu Y, Han F, Zhu H, Zhou D, Wang Y, Chen L, Meng X, Hou R. Simultaneous Analysis of 53 Pesticides in Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) by Using LC-MS/MS Coupled with a Modified QuEChERS Technique. TOXICS 2023; 11:537. [PMID: 37368637 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An optimized quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) technique was investigated and compared with the conventional QuEChERS technique for the simultaneous analysis of fifty-three pesticide residues in safflower using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). METHOD Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) consisting of a major amount of carbon and nitrogen with a large surface area was used as a QuEChERS adsorbent instead of graphitized carbon black (GCB) for safflower extraction purification. Validation experiments were performed using spiked pesticide samples, and real samples were analyzed. RESULTS The linearity of the modified QuEChERS technique was evaluated with high coefficients of determination (R-2) being higher than 0.99. The limits of detection were <10 μg/kg. The spiked recoveries ranged from 70.4% to 97.6% with a relative standard deviation of less than 10.0%. The fifty-three pesticides exhibited negligible matrix effects (<20%). Thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, metolachlor, and difenoconazole were detected in real samples using an established method. CONCLUSION This work provides a new g-C3N4-based modified QuEChERS technique for multi-pesticide residue analysis in complex food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chuanyi Peng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Fang Han
- Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Dianbing Zhou
- Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xiaodi Meng
- Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ruyan Hou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Technical Center for Hefei Customs, Hefei 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Kulikova T, Shamagsumova R, Rogov A, Stoikov I, Padnya P, Shiabiev I, Evtugyn G. Electrochemical DNA-Sensor Based on Macrocyclic Dendrimers with Terminal Amino Groups and Carbon Nanomaterials. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4761. [PMID: 37430675 DOI: 10.3390/s23104761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The assembling of thiacalix[4]arene-based dendrimers in cone, partial cone, and 1,3-alternate configuration on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode coated with carbon black or multiwalled carbon nanotubes has been characterized using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Native and damaged DNA were electrostatically accumulated on the modifier layer. The influence of the charge of the redox indicator and of the macrocycle/DNA ratio was quantified and the roles of the electrostatic interactions and of the diffusional transfer of the redox indicator to the electrode interface indicator access were established. The developed DNA sensors were tested on discrimination of native, thermally denatured, and chemically damaged DNA and on the determination of doxorubicin as the model intercalator. The limit of detection of doxorubicin established for the biosensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes was equal to 1.0 pM with recovery from spiked human serum of 105-120%. After further optimization of the assembling directed towards the stabilization of the signal, the developed DNA sensors can find application in the preliminary screening of antitumor drugs and thermal damage of DNA. They can also be applied for testing potential drug/DNA nanocontainers as future delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Kulikova
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Rezeda Shamagsumova
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexey Rogov
- Interdisciplinary Center of Analytical Microscopy, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Pavel Padnya
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Igor Shiabiev
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Gennady Evtugyn
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Chemical Technology Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
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AgPdNFs and AuNOs@GO nanocomposites for T-2 toxin detection by catalytic hairpin assembly. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:120. [PMID: 36884101 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is the most potent and toxic mycotoxin, produced by various Fusarium species that can potentially affect human health, and widely exists in field crops and stored grain. In this work, an electrochemical aptasensor with nonenzymatic signal amplification strategy for the detection of T-2 toxin is presented, using noble metal nanocomposites and catalytic hairpin assembly as signal amplification strategy. Silver palladium nanoflowers and gold octahedron nanoparticles@graphene oxide nanocomposites are used for synergistic amplification of electrical signals. Simultaneously, the catalytic hairpin assembly strategy based on artificial molecular technology was introduced to further amplify the signal. Under optimal conditions, T-2 toxin was measured within a linear concentration range 1 × 10-2 ~ 1 × 104 pg·mL-1 with an extremely low detection limit of 6.71 fg·mL-1. The aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity, good selectivity, satisfactory stability, and excellent reproducibility. Moreover, this method had high accuracy in detecting T-2 toxin in beer sample. The encouraging results show the potential application in foodstuff analysis. A dual signal amplification electrochemical biosensor for the detection of T-2 toxins was constructed, through the signal amplification of noble metal nanomaterials and CHA strategy.
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Recent advances in the use of graphitic carbon nitride-based composites for the electrochemical detection of hazardous contaminants. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zheng Y, Mao S, Zhu J, Fu L, Moghadam M. A scientometric study on application of electrochemical sensors for detection of pesticide using graphene-based electrode modifiers. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136069. [PMID: 35985381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide testing is an important topic in environmental protection and food safety. The development of green, accurate and reliable pesticide residue detection methods is an important technical support for implementing of agricultural quality supervision. Electrochemical sensors are a very promising analytical method for pesticide detection due to their high sensitivity, speed, low cost and portability. Performance enhancement of electrochemical sensors is often accompanied by research advances in materials science. Among them, carbon material is a very important electrode material for the fabrication of electrochemical sensors. The discovery of graphene makes it the most promising candidate among carbon materials for sensor performance enhancement. The topic of this review is the use of graphene-modified electrochemical sensors for pesticide detection in the last decade. Traditional literature summaries and bibliometric analyses were used for an in-depth analysis of this topic. In addition to the introduction of different sensor types and performance comparisons, this review also parses the authors' country, keywords and publication frequency. The related research experienced rapid growth several years ago and has now reached a relatively stable stage. We also discuss the perspectives on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zheng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Shuduan Mao
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China.
| | - Jiangwei Zhu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Li Fu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Majid Moghadam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
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Two-Dimensional Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C 3N 4) Nanosheets and Their Derivatives for Diagnosis and Detection Applications. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040204. [PMID: 36412845 PMCID: PMC9680252 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis of certain fatal diseases is vital for preventing severe consequences and contributes to a more effective treatment. Despite numerous conventional methods to realize this goal, employing nanobiosensors is a novel approach that provides a fast and precise detection. Recently, nanomaterials have been widely applied as biosensors with distinctive features. Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a two-dimensional (2D) carbon-based nanostructure that has received attention in biosensing. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, semiconductivity, high photoluminescence yield, low-cost synthesis, easy production process, antimicrobial activity, and high stability are prominent properties that have rendered g-C3N4 a promising candidate to be used in electrochemical, optical, and other kinds of biosensors. This review presents the g-C3N4 unique features, synthesis methods, and g-C3N4-based nanomaterials. In addition, recent relevant studies on using g-C3N4 in biosensors in regard to improving treatment pathways are reviewed.
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Xie Y, Yin X, Jiao Y, Sun Y, Wang C. Visible-light-responsive photocatalytic inactivation of ofloxacin-resistant bacteria by rGO modified g-C 3N 4. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:63142-63154. [PMID: 35449335 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The visible light responsive graphitic nitride (g-C3N4) mediated photocatalysis has drawn extensive attention in water treatment field. Carbon doping could improve the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 in promoting charge separation efficiency, visible-light utilization, etc. In this paper, the g-C3N4 (as MC) was modified by barbituric acid (as MCB0.07) and further treated by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (as n%GCN) and then applied to inactivate ofloxacin-resistant bacteria (OFLA) under light irradiation at UVA-visible wavelength. The results showed that the n%GCN presented strong photocatalytic activity when the GO mass ratio was 7.5% (as 7.5%GCN). The inactivation efficiencies of OFLA by MC, MCB0.07, and 7.5%GCN were 5.77 log, 8.48 log, and 8.25 log, respectively, under UVA-visible wavelength (λ > 305 nm), compared to 4.83 log, 5.56 log, and 6.08 log, respectively, within 16 h under visible wavelength (λ > 400 nm). The rGO-doping obviously improved the inactivation efficiency of MCB0.07 on OFLA under visible wavelength. Furthermore, the photoreactivation and dark repair phenomena of OFLA were examined after MC, MCB0.07, and 7.5%GCN treatment, respectively, and it was found that all approaches led to permanent damage to OFLA of which the regrowth was not observed after 24-48 h. Based on the quenching test, reactive oxygen species of O2-• and hole (h+) exhibited dominant roles in the photocatalytic inactivation of OFLA, which may result in oxidative stress and damage to the cell membrane. This study could shed light on the inactivation of OFLA under visible light radiation by rGO modified g-C3N4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Xie
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiufeng Yin
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuzhu Jiao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yingxue Sun
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
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Ahmad K, Kim H. Fabrication of Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Screen Printed Carbon Electrode (N-rGO/SPCE) as Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142443. [PMID: 35889667 PMCID: PMC9324769 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the electrochemical sensing approach has attracted electrochemists because of its excellent detection process, simplicity, high sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, and high selectivity. In this study, we prepared nitrogen doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) and characterized it using various advanced techniques such as XRD, SEM, EDX, Raman, and XPS. Furthermore, we modified the active surface of a screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) via the drop-casting of N-rGO. This modified electrode (N-rGO/SPCE) exhibited an excellent detection limit (LOD) of 0.83 µM with a decent sensitivity of 4.34 µAµM−1cm−2 for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, N-rGO/SPCE also showed excellent selectivity, repeatability, and stability for the sensing of H2O2. Real sample investigations were also carried out that showed decent recovery.
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Ozcelikay G, Karadurmus L, Bilge S, Sınağ A, Ozkan SA. New analytical strategies Amplified with 2D carbon nanomaterials for electrochemical sensing of food pollutants in water and soils sources. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133974. [PMID: 35181423 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and food pollutants have threatened global health. Pharmacotherapy has left a positive impression in the field of health and life of people and animals. However, the many unresolved problems brought along with residues of pharmaceuticals in the environmental and food. Consumption of the world's freshwater resources, toxic chemicals, air pollution, plastic waste directly affects water and soil resources. Pesticides have a wide role in pollutants. Therefore, the determination of pesticides is significant to eliminate their negative effects on living things. Nowadays, there are many analytical methods available. However, new analysis methods are still being researched due to certain limitations of traditional methods. Electrochemical sensors have drawn attention because of their superior properties, such as short analysis time, affordability, high sensitivity, and selectivity. The development of new analytical strategies for assessing risks from pharmaceutical to food pollutants in water and soil sources is important for the measurement of different pollutants. Moreover, the 2D-carbon nanomaterials used in the development of electrochemical sensors are widely utilized to enlarge the surface area, increase porosity, and make easy immobilization. Graphene (graphene derivations) and carbon nanotubes integrated nanosensors are widely used for the determination of pesticides. 2D-carbon nanomaterials can be tailored according to the purpose of the study. The characterization and synthesis methods of 2D-carbon nanomaterials are widely explained. Furthermore, enzyme nanobiosensors, especially Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), are widely used to determine pesticides. The three main topics are focused on in this review: 2D-carbon nanomaterials, pesticides that threaten life, and the application of 2D-carbon nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors. The various developed 2D-carbon nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors were applied in pharmaceutical forms, fruits, tap/lake water, beverages, and soils sources. This work aims to indicate the recently published paper related to pesticide analysis and highlight the importance of 2D-nanomaterials on sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goksu Ozcelikay
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Leyla Karadurmus
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560, Ankara, Turkey; Adıyaman University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Selva Bilge
- Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Sınağ
- Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
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14
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Liu G, Zhang X, Lu M, Tian M, Liu Y, Wang J, Li L, Li T, Chen G, Xu D. Adsorption and removal of organophosphorus pesticides from Chinese cabbages and green onions by using metal organic frameworks based on the mussel-inspired adhesive interface. Food Chem 2022; 393:133337. [PMID: 35653990 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Based on the mussel-inspired adhesive interface (Fe3O4-g-C3N4@PDA), a novel bionic metal-organic framework (Fe3O4-g-C3N4-PDA@MIL-101) was successfully prepared. The composite featured a high specific surface area and a multi-microchannel structure, as well as strong thermochemical stability. The structural property of Fe3O4-g-C3N4-PDA@MIL-101(Fe) was characterized, and the results indicated that Fe3O4, PDA, and MIL-101(Fe) were uniformly coated on the g-C3N4 surface. The adsorption and desorption of organophosphorus pesticides with Fe3O4-g-C3N4-PDA@MIL-101(Fe) were evaluated by batch experiments. This composite showed high adsorption efficiency and selective removal of coralox, phosalone, and chlorpyrifos. Under the optimal conditions, three organophosphorus pesticides were adsorbed from Chinese cabbage and green onion samples with Fe3O4-g-C3N4-PDA@MIL-101(Fe). The analytical method exhibited high sensitivity (LOD, 0.19-2.34 μg/L; LOQ, 0.65-7.82 μg/L), excellent practicality, and good stability, suggesting that Fe3O4-g-C3N4-PDA@MIL-101 was an ideal candidate magnetic adsorbent for the removal of organophosphorus pesticides in Chinese cabbage and green onion samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China; College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Zhangjiakou 075000, China; College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056021, China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Meng Lu
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056021, China
| | - Mingshuo Tian
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056021, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056021, China
| | - Ge Chen
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China.
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15
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Besharat F, Ahmadpoor F, Nezafat Z, Nasrollahzadeh M, Manwar NR, Fornasiero P, Gawande MB. Advances in Carbon Nitride-Based Materials and Their Electrocatalytic Applications. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Besharat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 37185-359, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadpoor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 37185-359, Iran
| | - Zahra Nezafat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 37185-359, Iran
| | | | - Nilesh R. Manwar
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamiciam, INSTM Trieste Research Unit, ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Manoj B. Gawande
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India
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16
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Kamyabi MA, Moharramnezhad M. Single-step microwave synthesis of a novel ternary nanocomposite as an efficient luminophore and boron nitride quantum dots as a new coreactant for a cathodic ECL monitoring of chlorpyrifos. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:750-762. [PMID: 35112124 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01687c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel and innovative enzyme-free electrochemiluminescence (ECL) pesticide probe based on a ternary nanocomposite, CuS/CQDs/g-C3N4NS, was demonstrated for the accurate monitoring of chlorpyrifos. Boron nitride quantum dots were introduced as a new and effective coreactant in comparison with other coreactants, such as hydrogen peroxide, peroxydisulfate, and tripropylamine, in the negative potential range for the first time. The nanocomposite as a promoted luminophore was synthesized by a one-pot microwave route. Carbon quantum dots and copper sulfide nanostructures were truly incorporated on the porous graphitized carbon nitride, which displayed a good cooperative effect on the signal improvement. CuS as a co-reaction accelerator and CQDs with a superior luminescence effect produced more radical species, and thus, the ECL signal was amplified. Upon increasing the appropriate concentration of this coreactant in electrolyte media, the signal intensity of the nanocomposite increases. A low detection limit of 3.0 × 10-16 M and a wide range from 2.0 × 10-15 to 7.0 × 10-9 M were gained. Also, the fabricated pesticide sensor presented excellent repeatability for 20 consecutive optical signals, with a RSD of about 1.4%. Owing to its high proficiency, the developed sensor was applied as a new probe for chlorpyrifos analysis in water and fruit samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Kamyabi
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Postal Code 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Moharramnezhad
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Postal Code 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran.
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17
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Roushani M, Zalpour N. Selective detection of Asulam with in-situ dopamine electropolymerization based electrochemical MIP sensor. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Vinoth S, Shalini Devi K, Pandikumar A. A comprehensive review on graphitic carbon nitride based electrochemical and biosensors for environmental and healthcare applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Chen S, Huang Y, Yang Y, Luo F, Zhao Q, Chen G. Ultrasensitive Fe 3+ ion detection based on pH-insensitive fluorescent graphene nanosensors in strong acid and neutral media. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06201d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schematic illustration of the preparation of FRGO and the detection of Fe3+ ions in strong acid and neutral media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huaqiao University
- Xiamen 361021
- P. R. China
| | - Yajing Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huaqiao University
- Xiamen 361021
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huaqiao University
- Xiamen 361021
- P. R. China
| | - Fanghua Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huaqiao University
- Xiamen 361021
- P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huaqiao University
- Xiamen 361021
- P. R. China
- Graphene Powder & Composite Research Center of Fujian Province
| | - Guohua Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huaqiao University
- Xiamen 361021
- P. R. China
- Graphene Powder & Composite Research Center of Fujian Province
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20
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Martins JT, Guimarães CH, Silva PM, Oliveira RL, Prediger P. Enhanced removal of basic dye using carbon nitride/graphene oxide nanocomposites as adsorbents: high performance, recycling, and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:3386-3405. [PMID: 32918265 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The presence of dyes in wastewater streams poses a great challenge for sustainability and brings the need to develop technologies to treat effluent streams. Here, we propose a mixture of high superficial area carbon-based nanomaterial strategy to improve the removal of basic blue 26 (BB26) by blending porous carbon nitride (CN) and graphene oxide (GO). We prepared CN and GO pristine materials, as well the nanocomposites with mass/ratio 30/70, 50/50, and 70/30, and applied them into BB26 uptake. Nanocomposite 50/50 CN/GO was found to be the better adsorbent, and the optimization of the adsorption revealed a fast equilibrium time of 30 min, after sonication for 2 min, nanocomposite 50/50, and BB26 dye loading of 0.1 g/L and 100 mg/L, respectively. The pH variation had great influence on BB26 uptake, and at ultrapure water pH, the dye removal capacity by the composite reached 917.78 mg/g. At pH 2, a remarkable removal efficiency of 3510.10 mg/g was obtained, probably due to electrostatic interactions among protonated amine groups of the dye and negatively charged CN/GO nanocomposite. The results obtained were best fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm. The adsorption process was thermodynamically spontaneous, and physisorption was the main mechanism, which is based on weak electrostatic and π-π interactions. The dye attached to the CN/GO nanocomposite could be removed by washing with ethyl alcohol, and the adsorbent was reused for five consecutive cycles with high BB26 uptake efficiency. The CN/GO nanocomposite ability to remove the BB26 dye was 21 times higher than those reported in the literature, indicating CN/GO composites as potential filtering materials to basic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junia Teixeira Martins
- School of Technology, University of Campinas - Unicamp, Limeira, CEP, São Paulo, 13484-332, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Mayara Silva
- School of Technology, University of Campinas - Unicamp, Limeira, CEP, São Paulo, 13484-332, Brazil
| | - Rafael L Oliveira
- Fakultät II, Institut für Chemie: Funktionsmaterialien, Sekretariat BA2, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patricia Prediger
- School of Technology, University of Campinas - Unicamp, Limeira, CEP, São Paulo, 13484-332, Brazil.
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21
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Chouhan RS, Jerman I, Heath D, Bohm S, Gandhi S, Sadhu V, Baker S, Horvat M. Emerging tri‐s‐triazine‐based graphitic carbon nitride: A potential signal‐transducing nanostructured material for sensor applications. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Jerman
- National Institute of Chemistry Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - David Heath
- Department of Environmental Sciences Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Sivasambu Bohm
- Royal Society Industry Fellow Molecular Science Research Hub Imperial College London London UK
| | - Sonu Gandhi
- DBT‐National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (DBT‐NIAB) Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Veera Sadhu
- School of Physical Sciences Kakatiya Institute of Technology & Science (KITS) Warangal Telangana India
| | - Syed Baker
- Department of Microbiology Prof. V.F. Voino‐Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Krasnoyarsk Siberia Russian Federation
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia
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22
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Köksoy B, Akyüz D, Şenocak A, Durmuş M, Demirbas E. Sensitive, simple and fast voltammetric determination of pesticides in juice samples by novel BODIPY-phthalocyanine-SWCNT hybrid platform. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 147:111886. [PMID: 33248146 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes the first synthesis of novel asymmetric zinc (II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) including three boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) and one ethyloxy azido moieties. Moreover, single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) surface was functionalized by this ZnPc containing BODIPY; using the azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition (Click) reaction to obtain SWCNT-ZnPc hybrid material. Structural, thermal and morphological characterizations of both ZnPc and SWCNT-ZnPc hybrid were carried out in-depth by spectroscopic, thermal and microscopic techniques. In this study, the synthesized SWCNT-ZnPc material was decorated on composite glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by means of an easy and a practical drop cast method. The modified electrode was tested as a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor in various common pesticides such as methyl parathion, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos and spinosad. Electrochemical behavior of non-enzymatic electrode (GCE/SWCNT-ZnPc) was determined via cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The non-enzymatic sensor demonstrated high selectivity for methyl parathion in a wide linear range (2.45 nM-4.0 × 10-8 M), low limit of detection value (1.49 nM) and high sensitivity (0.1847 μA nM-1). Also, the developing non-enzymatic sensor exhibited good repeatability (RSD = 2.3% for 10 electrodes) and stability (85.30% for 30 days). Validation guidelines by HPLC and statistical analysis showed that the proposed voltammetric method were precise, accurate, sensitive, and can be used for the routine quality control of methyl parathion determination in juice samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baybars Köksoy
- Bursa Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 16310, Bursa, Turkey; Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Duygu Akyüz
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Şenocak
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Durmuş
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Erhan Demirbas
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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23
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Murphy M, Manoj D, Saravanakumar D, Thenmozhi K, Senthilkumar S. Water insoluble, self-binding viologen functionalized ionic liquid for simultaneous electrochemical detection of nitrophenol isomers. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1138:89-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Majdoub M, Anfar Z, Amedlous A. Emerging Chemical Functionalization of g-C 3N 4: Covalent/Noncovalent Modifications and Applications. ACS NANO 2020; 14:12390-12469. [PMID: 33052050 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atomically 2D thin-layered structures, such as graphene nanosheets, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4), hexagonal boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides are emerging as fascinating materials for a good array of domains owing to their rare physicochemical characteristics. In particular, graphitic carbon nitride has turned into a hot subject in the scientific community due to numerous qualities such as simple preparation, electrochemical properties, high adsorption capacity, good photochemical properties, thermal stability, and acid-alkali chemical resistance, etc. Basically, g-C3N4 is considered as a polymeric material consisting of N and C atoms forming a tri-s-triazine network connected by planar amino groups. In comparison with most C-based materials, g-C3N4 possesses electron-rich characteristics, basic moieties, and hydrogen-bonding groups owing to the presence of hydrogen and nitrogen atoms; therefore, it is taken into account as an interesting nominee to further complement carbon in applications of functional materials. Nevertheless, g-C3N4 has some intrinsic limitations and drawbacks mainly related to a relatively poor specific surface area, rapid charge recombination, a limited light absorption range, and a poor dispersibility in both aqueous and organic mediums. To overcome these shortcomings, numerous chemical modification approaches have been conducted with the aim of expanding the range of application of g-C3N4 and enhancing its properties. In the current review, the comprehensive survey is conducted on g-C3N4 chemical functionalization strategies including covalent and noncovalent approaches. Covalent approaches consist of establishing covalent linkage between the g-C3N4 structure and the chemical modifier such as oxidation/carboxylation, amidation, polymer grafting, etc., whereas the noncovalent approaches mainly consist of physical bonding and intermolecular interaction such as van der Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions, π-π interactions, and so on. Furthermore, the preparation, characterization, and diverse applications of functionalized g-C3N4 in various domains are described and recapped. We believe that this work will inspire scientists and readers to conduct research with the aim of exploring other functionalization strategies for this material in numerous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Majdoub
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Anfar
- Laboratory of Materials & Environment, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
- Institute of Materials Science of Mulhouse, Haute Alsace University, Mulhouse 68100, France
- Strasbourg University, Strasbourg 67081, France
| | - Abdallah Amedlous
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
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