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Ma D, Zhao M, Guo H, Wang L, Li Y, Yuan S, Yan Y, Zheng Y, Gu X, Song Y, Han X, Sun H. Spatial distribution of metabolites in processing Ziziphi Spinosae Semen as revealed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15263. [PMID: 38961089 PMCID: PMC11222422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61500-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS) is the first choice for the treatment of insomnia. This research aimed to reveal the spatial distribution of identifying quality markers of ZSS and to illustrate the metabolite quality characteristics of this herbal medicine. Here, we performed a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) in situ to detect and image 33 metabolites in ZSS, including three saponins, six flavonoids, four alkaloids, eight fatty acids, and 12 amino acids. The MALDI images of the metabolites clearly showed the heterogeneous spatial distribution in different regions of ZSS tissues, such as the cotyledon, endosperm, and radicle. The distribution area of two saponins, six flavonoids, and three alkaloids increased significantly after the fried processing of ZSS. Based on the ion images, samples with different processing technologies were distinguished unambiguously by the pattern recognition method of orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). Simultaneously, 23 major influencing components exerting higher ion intensities were identified as the potential quality markers of ZSS. Results obtained in the current research demonstrate that the processing of ZSS changes its content and distribution of the medicinal components. The analysis of MALDI-MSI provides a novel MS-based molecular imaging approach to investigate and monitor traditional medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglai Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center On Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Mengwei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Haochuan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Lili Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xingtai University, Xingtai, 054001, China.
| | - Yage Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Shinong Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Yuping Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Yuguang Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Xian Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Yongxing Song
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Xiaowei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
| | - Huigai Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2021-2022. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38925550 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates is a well-established technique and this review is the 12th update of the original article published in 1999 and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2022. As with previous review, this review also includes a few papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review follows the same format as previous reviews. It is divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of computer software for structural identification. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other general areas such as medicine, industrial processes, natural products and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. MALDI is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis, particularly in its ability to produce single ions from each analyte and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Oh MJ, Kim U, Kim S, Cho DS, Seo JA, Seo N, An HJ. Equivalence assessment of biotherapeutics with N- and O-glycosylation sites by sequential intact glycoform mass spectrometry (IGMS). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115558. [PMID: 37393692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a crucial attribute for biotherapeutics with significant impacts on quality, stability, safety, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy. Therefore, to ensure consistent glycosylation, a systematic review of biotherapeutics is absolutely required including the variable glycan structure (micro-heterogeneity) and different occupancy at individual site (macro-heterogeneity) from drug design to upstream and downstream bioprocesses. Various methods have been used for glyco-characterization of biotherapeutics at the glycan, glycopeptide, and intact protein levels. In particular, intact protein analysis is considered a facile and rapid glycoform monitoring approach used throughout the product development lifecycle to determine suitable glycosylation lead candidates and reproducible product quality. However, intact glycoform characterization of diverse and complex biotherapeutics with multiple N- and O-glycosylation sites can be very challenging. To address this, a robust analytical platform that enables rapid and accurate characterization of a biotherapeutics with highly complex multiple glycosylation using two-step intact glycoform mass spectrometry has been developed. We used darbepoetin alfa, a second-generation EPO bearing multiple N- and O-glycosylation sites, as a model biotherapeutics to obtain integrated information on glycan heterogeneity and site occupancy through step-by-step MS of intact protein and enzyme-treated protein. In addition, we performed a comparative assessment of the heterogeneity from different products, confirming that our new method can efficiently evaluate glycosylation equivalence. This new strategy provides rapid and accurate information on the degree of glycosylation of a therapeutic glycoprotein with multiple glycosylation, which can be used to assess glycosylation similarity between batches and between biosimilar and reference during development and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Jin Oh
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, South Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Unyong Kim
- Biocomplete Co., Ltd., Seoul 08389, South Korea
| | - Sol Kim
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, South Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Dae Sik Cho
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, South Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Jung-A Seo
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, South Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Nari Seo
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, South Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joo An
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, South Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
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Shimazaki H, Nakamura K, Ono A, Segawa O, Sawakami K, Koizuka M, Hirayama M, Hori K, Tajima H, Kuno A. Auto-Lectin Dotcoding by Two Octopuses: Rapid Analysis of Fluorescence-Labeled Glycoproteins by an 8-channel Fully-Automatic Bead Array Scanner with a Rolling-Circle Detector. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11868-11873. [PMID: 37535807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a crucial factor that must be evaluated in biological pharmaceuticals. The glycoform profile of a protein can vary depending on the conditions of the cultivation, purification process, and the selection of a host cell. Lectin microarrays are reliable bioanalytical methods used in the early phases of bioprocesses for the detection of glycosylation. The concept of a fully automated glycan detection with a bead array has been previously reported; however, no simple system has been constructed on fluorescence-based detection using a microarray. Here, we present a fully automated detection system equipped with a novel fluorescence detector for a 13-lectin bead array with a single tip. The lattice-like arrangement of a set of fibers proximate to the tip of the light emitting diode and photomultiplier tube detector minimized the noise caused by the reflection of incident light on the plastic capillary tip and bead. A unique rolling-circle fiber unit with quadruple lattices stacked in two layers realizes the 8-parallel automeasurement with a drastic reduction in scanning time and machine size. The 8-glycan profiles obtained automatically within 25 min were identical with those obtained with the conventional lectin microarray after overnight incubation. The signals obtained were represented as lectin dotcodes. Therefore, autolectin dotcoding assisted by the twin 8 legs named as "detection and irradiation octopuses" may be a rapid glyco-evaluation system during the production and development of biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Shimazaki
- Molecular & Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Precision System Science, Kamihongou, Matsudo, Chiba 271-0064, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ono
- Molecular & Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Osamu Segawa
- Precision System Science, Kamihongou, Matsudo, Chiba 271-0064, Japan
| | - Kazumi Sawakami
- Precision System Science, Kamihongou, Matsudo, Chiba 271-0064, Japan
| | - Michinori Koizuka
- Precision System Science, Kamihongou, Matsudo, Chiba 271-0064, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-7528, Japan
| | - Kanji Hori
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-7528, Japan
| | - Hideji Tajima
- Precision System Science, Kamihongou, Matsudo, Chiba 271-0064, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Molecular & Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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Trbojević-Akmačić I, Lageveen-Kammeijer GSM, Heijs B, Petrović T, Deriš H, Wuhrer M, Lauc G. High-Throughput Glycomic Methods. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15865-15913. [PMID: 35797639 PMCID: PMC9614987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycomics aims to identify the structure and function of the glycome, the complete set of oligosaccharides (glycans), produced in a given cell or organism, as well as to identify genes and other factors that govern glycosylation. This challenging endeavor requires highly robust, sensitive, and potentially automatable analytical technologies for the analysis of hundreds or thousands of glycomes in a timely manner (termed high-throughput glycomics). This review provides a historic overview as well as highlights recent developments and challenges of glycomic profiling by the most prominent high-throughput glycomic approaches, with N-glycosylation analysis as the focal point. It describes the current state-of-the-art regarding levels of characterization and most widely used technologies, selected applications of high-throughput glycomics in deciphering glycosylation process in healthy and disease states, as well as future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bram Heijs
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden
University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tea Petrović
- Genos,
Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Helena Deriš
- Genos,
Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden
University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos,
Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty
of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University
of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Critcher M, Hassan AA, Huang ML. Seeing the forest through the trees: characterizing the glycoproteome. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:492-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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