Highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MIP NPs)-based microfluidic gas sensor for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) detection

Process, advances, and perspectives of graphene oxide-SELEX for the development of aptamer molecular probes: A comprehensive review

BACKGROUND

Aptamers are screened via the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and are widely used in molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies. The development of efficient and convenient SELEX technology has facilitated rapid access to high-performance aptamers, thereby advancing the aptamer industry. Graphene oxide (GO) serves as an immobilization matrix for libraries in GO-SELEX, making it suitable for screening aptamers against diverse targets.

RESULTS

This review summarizes the detailed steps involved in GO-SELEX, including monitoring methods, various sublibrary acquisition methods, and practical applications from its inception to the present day. In addition, the potential of GO-SELEX in the development of broad-spectrum aptamers is explored, and its current limitations for future development are emphasized. This review effectively promotes the application of the GO-SELEX technique by providing valuable insights and assisting researchers interested in conducting related studies.

SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY

To date, no review on the topic of GO-SELEX has been published, making it challenging for researchers to initiate studies in this area. We believe that this review will broaden the SELEX options available to researchers, ensuring that they can meet the growing demand for molecular probes in the scientific domain.

Programmable and Modularized Gas Sensor Integrated by 3D Printing

The rapid advancement of intelligent manufacturing technology has enabled electronic equipment to achieve synergistic design and programmable optimization through computer-aided engineering. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, with the unique characteristics of near-net-shape forming and mold-free fabrication, serves as an effective medium for the materialization of digital designs into usable devices. This methodology is particularly applicable to gas sensors, where performance can be collaboratively optimized by the tailored design of each internal module including composition, microstructure, and architecture. Meanwhile, diverse 3D printing technologies can realize modularized fabrication according to the application requirements. The integration of artificial intelligence software systems further facilitates the output of precise and dependable signals. Simultaneously, the self-learning capabilities of the system also promote programmable optimization for the hardware, fostering continuous improvement of gas sensors for dynamic environments. This review investigates the latest studies on 3D-printed gas sensor devices and relevant components, elucidating the technical features and advantages of different 3D printing processes. A general testing framework for the performance evaluation of customized gas sensors is proposed. Additionally, it highlights the superiority and challenges of programmable and modularized gas sensors, providing a comprehensive reference for material adjustments, structure design, and process modifications for advanced gas sensor devices.

Highly selective colorimetric determination of glutathione based on sandwich-structured nanoenzymes composed of gold nanoparticle-coated molecular imprinted metal-organic frameworks

A sandwich-structured composite nanoenzyme (NH2-MIL-101(Fe)@Au@MIP) was prepared using molecularly imprinted polymers, metal-organic frameworks, and gold nanoparticles and a highly selective glutathione (GSH) colorimetric sensor was constructed. The inner part of the composite nanoenzymes is a metal-organic framework loaded with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), NH2-MIL-101(Fe)@Au, which has superior peroxidase-like activity compared with  NH2-MIL-101(Fe). This is due to the surface plasmon resonance effect of AuNPs. GSH can form strong Au-S bonds with AuNPs, which can significantly reduce the enzymatic activity of NH2-MIL-101(Fe)@Au, thereby changing the absorbance at 450 nm of the sensing system. The degree of change in absorbance is correlated with the concentration of GSH. In the outer part, the molecularly imprinted polymer with oxidized glutathione (GSSG) as a dummy template provided specific pores, which significantly improved the selectivity of the sensing system. The sensor showed good GSH sensing performance in the range 1 ~ 50 μM with a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 0.231 μM and good sensing performance in fetal bovine serum, indicating its high potential for clinical diagnostic applications.