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Fang T, Jin G, Liu Z. Isotope-Based Techniques to Investigate Factors Influencing Water Use Efficiency in Pinus koraiensis Leaves during Plant Growth. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1771. [PMID: 38999611 PMCID: PMC11243977 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Plant water use efficiency (WUE) is a comprehensive physiological indicator of plant growth and ability to adapt to drought. However, research on the mechanisms controlling WUE during plant growth and development remains weak. Here, we studied Pinus koraiensis as a typical evergreen conifer species in Northeast China. After collecting 80 tree samples with varying diameters at breast height (DBH), we measured δ13C and δ18O as an indicator of WUE, leaf morphology (volume, dry weight, and total epidermal area), ecological stoichiometry (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content), and abiotic factors (light environment, soil pH, soil water content, and soil nutrient content). Correlational analysis of these variables revealed distinct differences between smaller/younger and larger/older plants: (1) In plants with DBH less than 52 cm, δ13C was positively related to DBH, and δ18O was negatively related to DBH. Plants with DBH greater than 52 cm showed no relationship between δ13C and DBH, and δ18O was positively related to DBH. (2) In plants with DBH less than 52 cm, there was a negative correlation between δ13C and δ18O and between δ13C and leaf phosphorus content (LP), but a positive correlation between δ13C and DBH, leaf mass per area (LMA), and leaf density (LD). The slopes of DBH-δ13C, δ18O-δ13C, leaf nitrogen content (LN)-δ13C, and LMA-δ13C correlations were greater in smaller plants than large plants. (3) Structural equation modelling showed that in smaller plants, DBH had a direct positive effect on δ13C content and a direct negative effect on δ18O, and there was a direct positive effect of light environment on δ18O. In larger plants, there was a direct negative effect of light environment on δ13C and a direct positive effect of DBH on light environment, as well as a negative effect of soil nitrogen content on leaf nitrogen. In smaller plants, DBH was the most important factor influencing δ13C, followed by δ18O and soil moisture, with light and soil pH showing minimal influence. In larger plants, light environment influenced δ13C the most, followed by soil nitrogen content and soil moisture content, with leaf nitrogen and DBH contributing little. The results suggest that water use efficiency strategies of P. koraiensis vary according to growth stage, and the effects of abiotic factors and functional traits vary at different growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Fang
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guangze Jin
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhili Liu
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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2
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Zukswert JM, Vadeboncoeur MA, Yanai RD. Responses of stomatal density and carbon isotope composition of sugar maple and yellow birch foliage to N, P and CaSiO3 fertilization. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpad142. [PMID: 38070183 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Stomatal density, stomatal length and carbon isotope composition can all provide insights into environmental controls on photosynthesis and transpiration. Stomatal measurements can be time-consuming; it is therefore wise to consider efficient sampling schemes. Knowing the variance partitioning at different measurement levels (i.e., among stands, plots, trees, leaves and within leaves) can aid in making informed decisions around where to focus sampling effort. In this study, we explored the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and calcium silicate (CaSiO3) addition on stomatal density, length and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton). We observed a positive but small (8%) increase in stomatal density with P addition and an increase in δ13C with N and CaSiO3 addition in sugar maple, but we did not observe effects of nutrient addition on these characteristics in yellow birch. Variability was highest within leaves and among trees for stomatal density and highest among stomata for stomatal length. To reduce variability and increase chances of detecting treatment differences in stomatal density and length, future protocols should consider pretreatment and repeated measurements of trees over time or measure more trees per plot, increase the number of leaf impressions or standardize their locations, measure more stomata per image and ensure consistent light availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Zukswert
- Department of Sustainable Resources Management, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Policy, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | | | - Ruth D Yanai
- Department of Sustainable Resources Management, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Policy, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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Li D, Jin XH, Li Y, Wang YC, He HY, Zhang HB. Fungal communities associated with early immature tubers of wild Gastrodia elata. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11004. [PMID: 38389997 PMCID: PMC10881901 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Full myco-heterotrophic orchid Gastrodia elata Bl. is widely distributed in Northeast Asia, and previous research has not fully investigated the symbiotic fungal community of its early immature tubers. This study utilized Illumina sequencing to compare symbiotic fungal communities in natural G. elata immature tubers and their habitats. LEfSe (Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size) was used to screen for Biomarkers that could explain variations among different fungal communities, and correlation analyses were performed among Biomarkers and other common orchid mycorrhizal fungi. Our results illustrate that the symbiotic fungal communities of immature G. elata tubers cannot be simply interpreted as subsets of the environmental fungal communities because some key members cannot be traced back to the environment. The early growth of G. elata was related to a small group of fungi, such as Sebacina, Thelephora, and Inocybe, which were also common mycorrhizal fungi from other orchids. In addition, Mycena, Auricularia, and Cryptococcus were unique fungal partners of G. elata, and many new species have yet to be discovered. Possible symbiotic Mycena should be M. plumipes and its sibling species in this case. Our results provide insight into the symbiotic partner switch and trophic pattern change during the development and maturation of G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Kunming China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University Kunming China
| | - Xiao-Han Jin
- State Key Laboratory Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Kunming China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University Kunming China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Kunming China
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Gastrodia Tuber Research Institute of Zhaotong Zhaotong China
| | - Hai-Yan He
- The Agriculture and Life Sciences College Zhaotong University Zhaotong China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia elata and Fungus Symbiotic Biology Zhaotong China
| | - Han-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Kunming China
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Chaturvedi RK, Pandey SK, Tripathi A, Goparaju L, Raghubanshi AS, Singh JS. Variations in the plasticity of functional traits indicate the differential impacts of abiotic and biotic factors on the structure and growth of trees in tropical dry forest fragments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1181293. [PMID: 38333040 PMCID: PMC10851170 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1181293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic factors have considerable impact on the plasticity of plant functional traits, which influences forest structure and productivity; however, their inter-relationships have not been quantified for fragmented tropical dry forest (TDF) ecosystems. We asked the following questions: (1) what are the variations in the plasticity of functional traits due to soil moisture availability in TDF fragments? (2) what are the roles of soil nutrients and forest disturbances in influencing variations in the plasticity of functional traits in the TDF fragments? and (3) how do the variations in the plasticity of functional traits influence the structure and productivity of TDF fragments? Based on linear mixed-effects results, we observed significant variations among tree species for soil moisture content (SMC) under the canopy and selected functional traits across forest fragments. We categorized tree species across fragments by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC) analyses into three functional types, viz., low wood density high deciduous (LWHD), high wood density medium deciduous (HWMD), and high wood density low deciduous (HWLD). Assemblage of functional traits suggested that the LWHD functional type exhibits a drought-avoiding strategy, whereas HWMD and HWLD adopt a drought-tolerant strategy. Our study showed that the variations in functional trait plasticity and the structural attributes of trees in the three functional types exhibit contrasting affinity with SMC, soil nutrients, and disturbances, although the LWHD functional type was comparatively more influenced by soil resources and disturbances compared to HWMD and HWLD along the declining SMC and edge distance gradients. Plasticity in functional traits for the LWHD functional type exhibited greater variations in traits associated with the conservation of water and resources, whereas for HWMD and HWLD, the traits exhibiting greater plasticity were linked with higher productivity and water transport. The cumulative influence of SMC, disturbances, and functional trait variations was also visible in the relative abundance of functional types in large and small sized fragments. Our analysis further revealed the critical differences in the responses of functional trait plasticity of the coexisting tree species in TDF, which suggests that important deciduous endemic species with drought-avoiding strategies might be prone to strategic exclusion under expected rises in anthropogenic disturbances, habitat fragmentation, and resource limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kant Chaturvedi
- Center for Integrative Conservation and Yunnan Key Laboratory for Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephant, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan, China
| | - Santosh Kumar Pandey
- Ecosystems Analysis Laboratory, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshuman Tripathi
- Training, Safety and Environment, National Mineral Development Corporation Limited, Dantewada, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Laxmi Goparaju
- Forest and Remote Sensing, Vindhyan Ecology and Natural History Foundation, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akhilesh Singh Raghubanshi
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - J. S. Singh
- Ecosystems Analysis Laboratory, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Islam T, Hamid M, Nawchoo IA, Khuroo AA. Leaf functional traits vary among growth forms and vegetation zones in the Himalaya. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167274. [PMID: 37741392 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Compression of life zones along elevational gradients in mountains supports diverse vegetation types, and therefore offers ideal setting to study plant functional traits. Functional traits, the features that enable plants to live in varied environmental conditions, help in understanding ecological interactions, evolutionary adaptations, and predicting plant response to global change drivers. To date, little is known how the trait diversity varies across different growth forms and vegetation zones in mountains. Here, we aimed to investigate interspecific leaf trait variability among different growth forms and vegetation zones along a wide elevation gradient (2000-4200 m) in Kashmir Himalaya. We measured leaf functional traits (specific leaf area-SLA, leaf thickness - LT, leaf dry matter content -LDMC) of 76 plant species corresponding to three growth forms (trees, shrubs and herbs) and three vegetation zones (Himalayan dry temperate forests, subalpine forests and alpine grasslands). Our results revealed high trait variability across the regional species pool studied. We found significant variation in leaf functional traits among the different growth forms, with higher values of LT and LDMC recorded for woody species than herbaceous ones. Among different vegetation zones, the SLA was found to be significantly higher at lower to middle elevations, while the other leaf traits (LT and LDMC) showed an opposite trend. Across all the vegetative zones, we also found a negative correlation between SLA and the other leaf traits, and the latter showed a positive trait-trait correlation. Overall, our study contributes to a deeper understanding of trait-trait, trait-growth form and trait-vegetation zone relationships. Our findings suggest that the variation in leaf functional traits among different growth forms seems to be a trade-off mechanism between resource acquisition and leaf construction, and also help in identifying species' adaptive functional traits that are critical for plant survival in the face of ongoing climate change in the Himalaya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tajamul Islam
- Centre for Biodiversity & Taxonomy, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Plant Reproductive Biology, Genetic Diversity and Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Maroof Hamid
- Centre for Biodiversity & Taxonomy, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Irshad A Nawchoo
- Plant Reproductive Biology, Genetic Diversity and Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Anzar Ahmad Khuroo
- Centre for Biodiversity & Taxonomy, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Li D, Liu Y, Yang X, Zhang X, Shi Z. Shrub encroachment alters plant trait response to nitrogen addition in a semi-arid grassland. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1103371. [PMID: 37008490 PMCID: PMC10064521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1103371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Encroachment of shrubs over large regions of arid and semi-arid grassland can affect grassland traits and growth under a background of increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. However, the effects of N input rates on species traits and the growth of shrubs on grasslands remain unclear. We examined the effects of six different N addition rates on the traits of Leymus chinensis in an Inner Mongolia grassland encroached by the leguminous shrub, Caragana microphylla. We randomly selected 20 healthy L. chinensis tillers within shrubs and 20 tillers between shrubs in each plot, measuring the plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf N concentration per unit mass (LNCmass), and aboveground biomass. Our results showed that N addition significantly enhanced the LNCmass of L. chinensis. The aboveground biomass, heights, LNCmass, leaf area, and leaf number of plants within the shrubs were higher than those between shrubs. For L. chinensis growing between shrubs, the LNCmass and leaf area increased with N addition rates, leaf number and plant height had binomial linear relationships to N addition rates. However, the number of leaves, leaf areas and heights of plants within shrubs did not vary under various N addition rates. Structural Equation Modelling revealed N addition had an indirect effect on the leaf dry mass through the accumulation of LNCmass. These results indicate that the response of dominant species to N addition could be regulated by shrub encroachment and provide new insights into management of shrub encroached grassland in the context of N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Institute of Desertification Study, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yanshu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Land Science and Technology Innovation Center, Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Institute of Desertification Study, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Institute of Desertification Study, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjie Shi
- Institute of Desertification Study, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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7
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Westoby M, Schrader J, Falster D. Trait ecology of startup plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:842-847. [PMID: 35488498 PMCID: PMC9325420 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Startup plants include seedlings and basal and epicormic resprouts. It has long been held that startups have different strategies from adult plants, but theory for what trait differences to expect is limited and not yet quantitatively tested. Three applicable concepts are analogous to human startup firms, R-shift, and trait-growth theory. All three suggest startups should be built with lower construction costs than established plants. This appears to be almost always true in terms of leaf mass per area (LMA), though many comparisons are complicated by the startups growing in lower light. Trait-growth theory predicts LMA should increase progressively with height or total leaf area, driven by higher conductive-pathway costs associated with each unit leaf area, and by greater reward from slowing leaf turnover. Basal resprouts often have somewhat higher LMA than seedlings, but possibly this is simply because they are larger. A number of eminently testable questions are identified. Prospects are good for a theoretically cogent and field-tested body of knowledge about plant startups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Westoby
- School of Natural SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia
| | - Julian Schrader
- School of Natural SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia
- Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and BiogeographyUniversity of GoettingenGoettingen37073Germany
| | - Daniel Falster
- Evolution & Ecology ResearchUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
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Wang T, Han J, Fang H, Khan AA, Tang L, Zhang M, Shi F. The enhanced functional traits contribute to the successful invasion of Amaranthus palmeri in salinity environments: a comparison with its congeners. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chang Y, Xu C, Yang H, Zhou J, Hua W, Zhang S, Zhong Q, Li B. Leaf Structural Traits Vary With Plant Size in Even-Aged Stands of Sapindus mukorossi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:692484. [PMID: 34367215 PMCID: PMC8340026 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.692484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn., an important oleaginous woody plant, has garnered increasing research attention owing to its potential as a source of renewable energy (biodiesel). Leaf structural traits are closely related to plant size, and they affect the fruit yield and oil quality. However, plant size factors that predominantly contribute to leaf structural traits remain unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand the associations between leaf structural traits and plant size factors in even-aged stands of S. mukorossi. Results showed that leaf length (LL) and leaf area (LA) markedly increased with the increasing diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height (TH), although other leaf structural traits did not show noticeable changes. Difference in slopes also indicated that the degree of effect of plant size factors on leaf structural traits was in the order of TH > DBH. Leaf structural traits showed no systematic variation with crown width (CW). LA was significantly positively correlated with LL, leaf width (LW), LL/LW, and leaf thickness (LT) and was significantly but negatively correlated with leaf tissue density (LTD) and leaf dry mass content (LDMC). Specific leaf area showed a significantly negative correlation with LT, LDMC, and LTD. LTD showed a significantly positive correlation with LDMC, but a negative correlation with LT. The results were critical to understand the variability of leaf structural traits with plant size, can provide a theoretical foundation for further study in the relationship between leaf structural traits and fruit yield, and regulate leaf traits through artificial management measures to promote plant growth and fruit yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunni Chang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chaobin Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Junxin Zhou
- Department of Forestry, Fujian Forestry Vocational Technical College, Nanping, China
| | - Weiping Hua
- College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, China
| | - Shihe Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Quanlin Zhong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baoyin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Oktavia D, Jin G. Variations in leaf morphological and chemical traits in response to life stages, plant functional types, and habitat types in an old-growth temperate forest. Basic Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Wu B, Zhang H, Jiang K, Zhou J, Wang C. Erigeron canadensis
affects the taxonomic and functional diversity of plant communities in two climate zones in the North of China. Ecol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingde Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Huanshi Zhang
- Institute of Biochemical and Microbial Applications Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants Nanjing China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
- School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Congyan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China
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Wang C, Jiang K, Wu B, Zhou J, Lv Y. Silver nanoparticles with different particle sizes enhance the allelopathic effects of Canada goldenrod on the seed germination and seedling development of lettuce. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:1116-1125. [PMID: 30083995 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1966-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Allelopathic effects on the seed germination and seedling development of co-occurring native plant species (natives hereafter) are regarded as an important driver facilitating invasion of many invasive plant species (invaders hereafter). The release of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into the environment may affect the allelopathic effects of the invaders on the seed germination and seedling development of natives. This study aims to assess the allelopathic effects (using leaf extracts) of Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) on the seed germination and seedling development of native lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) treated with AgNPs with different particle sizes. Canada goldenrod leaf extracts with high concentration exhibit stronger allelopathic effects on the seedling height and root length of lettuce than those treated with low concentration. AgNPs of all particle sizes significantly decreased seed germination and seedling development indices of lettuce. AgNPs with larger particle sizes exerted stronger toxicity on leaf length and width of lettuce than those with smaller particle sizes. Thus, nanoparticles with larger particle sizes might mediate the production of increased sizes of cell wall pore size and large absorption of such substances by plant roots can be harmful. AgNPs significantly enhanced the allelopathic effects of Canada goldenrod on the seed germination and seedling development of lettuce. Small particle size AgNPs may play a more essential role in the enhanced allelopathic effects of low concentrations of Canada goldenrod leaf extracts; however, large particle size AgNPs may play a more important role in the enhanced allelopathic effects of high concentrations of Canada goldenrod leaf extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Kun Jiang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Bingde Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yanna Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
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Differences in functional traits between invasive and native Amaranthus species under simulated acid deposition with a gradient of pH levels. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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14
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da Silva VEPSG, Buarque PMC, Ferreira WN, Buarque HLDB, Silva MAM. Influence of sewage sludge, as a substrate, in the plasticity of functional characteristics of plants. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:307. [PMID: 29691715 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge application as fertilizer on the plasticity of functional characteristics of species commonly found in the Caatinga. The research was developed in the nursery of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE), Quixadá campus, located in northeastern Brazil. Three treatments were applied: raw sludge, sanitized sludge, and no manipulation. In each treatment, five species were planted, each with five individuals, totaling 75 individuals, which were tagged, and 4 months after germination, they were destroyed to obtain dry matter content (TMSF) from leaf, stem (TMSC), fine root (TMSRF), and thick root (TMSRG); leaf area; height and diameter of the seedling; and length above and below the ground. The sanitized sludge was responsible for giving higher values for leaf area, height of the seedlings, and diameter and length of stem and root. However, the dry matter content of the fine roots was higher in the treatment without manipulation. At the community level, as TMSRG increased, TMSC also increased, the same occurred between TMSRG and TMSRF, TMSC and TMSRF, and stem length and leaf area. In the treatment without manipulation, there was a positive correlation between leaf area, height and plant diameter, and negative correlation between root length and plant diameter. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of sanitized sludge is a good tool to increase the availability of soil resources, conferring to individuals' greater dry matter content, greater leaf area, and higher height and diameter above the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Amanda Menezes Silva
- Federal University of Cariri - UFCA, Institute of Educator Education - IFE, Street Olegário Emídio de Araújo, Center, 63260000, Brejo Santo, CE, Brazil
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15
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Differences in functional traits between invasive and native Amaranthus species under different forms of N deposition. Naturwissenschaften 2017; 104:59. [DOI: 10.1007/s00114-017-1482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Zhang H, Yang X, Wang J, Wang GG, Yu M, Wu T. Leaf N and P stoichiometry in relation to leaf shape and plant size for Quercus acutissima provenances across China. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46133. [PMID: 28393848 PMCID: PMC5385868 DOI: 10.1038/srep46133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant stoichiometry in relation to the structure and function of biological systems has been investigated at multiple scales. However, few studies have focused on the roles of stoichiometry for a given species. In this study, we determined leaf N and P stoichiometry, leaf shape and plant size in three Quercus acutissima common gardens with different climatic and site conditions. In the three common gardens, leaf N and P stoichiometry was significantly correlated with leaf shape and plant size, suggesting that leaf N and P stoichiometry affects the morphological performance of the leaves and stem. The scaling slopes of the relationships between leaf N and P stoichiometry and leaf shape ranged from |0.12| to |1.00|, while the slopes of the relationships between leaf N and P stoichiometry and plant size ranged from |0.95| to |2.66|. These results suggest that non-functional tissues (stem) are more susceptible to leaf nutrition than functional tissues (leaves), and leaf stoichiometry is more important in the construction of non-functional tissues (stem). Between the northernmost and southernmost common gardens, leaf N and leaf width (W), N:P and stem height (H), and N:P and stem diameter (D) showed significant covariations, which indicates that leaf N and W, N:P and plant size exhibit similar plastic responses to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- East China Coastal Forest Ecosystem Long-term Research Station, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
- Forestry College, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Xiuqing Yang
- Forestry College, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- East China Coastal Forest Ecosystem Long-term Research Station, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
| | - G. Geoff Wang
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0317, USA
| | - Mukui Yu
- East China Coastal Forest Ecosystem Long-term Research Station, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
| | - Tonggui Wu
- East China Coastal Forest Ecosystem Long-term Research Station, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
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17
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Liu F, Zhang M, Yang W, Liu Y, Wang W, Zheng J, Wang Z, An S. Leaf functional traits and trait relationships of tropical woody vegetation in relation to successional stage: Shifts in understory and canopy layers. ECOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.2980/19-3-3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Liu F, Liu Y, Wang G, Song Y, Liu Q, Li D, Mao P, Zhang H. Seasonal Variations of C: N: P Stoichiometry and Their Trade-Offs in Different Organs of Suaeda salsa in Coastal Wetland of Yellow River Delta, China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138169. [PMID: 26393356 PMCID: PMC4578878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations of plant C: N: P stoichiometry could be affected by both some environmental fluctuations and plant physiological processes. However, the trade-off mechanism between them and their influencial factors were not understood completely. In this study, C, N, P contents and their stoichiometry of S. salsa's plant organs (leaves, stems, and roots), together with their environmental factors including salinity, pH, soil N and soil P, were examined in the intertidal and supratidal habitats of coastal wetlands during the different sampling times (May, July, September, November). The results showed that both plant organ and sampling times affected C, N, and P and stoichiometry of S. salsa in the intertidal and supratidal habitats, however, their influencial conditions and mechanisms were different. In the intertidal habitat, the different slopes of C-P and N-P within interspecific organs suggested that plant P, C:P and N:P of S. salsa were modulated by P concentrations that allocated in the specific organs. However, the slopes of C-N were found to be not significant within interspecific organs, but during the sampling times. These differences of plant N and C:N were related with the physiological demand for N in the specific life history stage. In the supratidal habitat, no significant differences were found in the slopes of C-N, C-P, and N-P within interspecific organs. However, different slopes of C-N among the sampling times also indicated a self-regulation strategy for plant N and C:N of S. salsa in different ontogenetic stages. In contrast to the intertidal habitat, seasonal variations of P, C:P and N:P ratios within interspecific organs reflected the soil P characteristics in the supratidal habitat. Our results showed that the stoichiometric constraint strategy of plant S. salsa in this region was strongly correlated with the local soil nutrient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fude Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Guangmei Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Ye Song
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Desheng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Peili Mao
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
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Broadbent EN, Zambrano AMA, Asner GP, Field CB, Rosenheim BE, Kennedy-Bowdoin T, Knapp DE, Burke D, Giardina C, Cordell S. Linking rainforest ecophysiology and microclimate through fusion of airborne LiDAR and hyperspectral imagery. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es13-00255.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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