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Padonou GG, Konkon AK, Salako AS, Zoungbédji DM, Ossè R, Sovi A, Azondekon R, Sidick A, Ahouandjinou JM, Adoha CJ, Sominahouin AA, Tokponnon FT, Akinro B, Sina H, Baba-Moussa L, Akogbéto MC. Distribution and Abundance of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Benin, West Africa. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:439. [PMID: 37755900 PMCID: PMC10535150 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8090439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Updated information on the distribution and abundance of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus is crucial to prepare African countries, such as Benin, for possible arboviral disease outbreaks. This study aims to evaluate the geographical distribution, abundance and biting behaviour of these two vectors in Benin. Three sampling techniques were used in this study. The collection of Aedes spp. adults were made through human landing catch (HLC), immatures were captured with the use of ovitraps, and a dipping technique was used for the collection of Aedes spp. in 23 communes located along the North-South and East-West transect of Benin. Adult Aedes mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors using HLC. Mosquito eggs, larvae and pupae were collected from containers and ovitraps. The adult mosquitoes were morphologically identified, then confirmed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Overall, 12,424 adult specimens of Aedes spp. were collected, out of which 76.53% (n = 9508) and 19.32% (n = 2400) were morphologically identified as Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, respectively. Geographically, Ae. aegypti was found across the North-South transect unlike Ae. albopictus, which was only encountered in the southern part of the country, with a great preponderance in Avrankou. Furthermore, an exophagic behaviour was observed in both vectors. This updated distribution of Aedes mosquito species in Benin will help to accurately identify areas that are at risk of arboviral diseases and better plan for future vector control interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Gil Padonou
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05 BP 1604, Benin; (H.S.); (L.B.-M.)
| | - Alphonse Keller Konkon
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05 BP 1604, Benin; (H.S.); (L.B.-M.)
| | - Albert Sourou Salako
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
| | - David Mahouton Zoungbédji
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05 BP 1604, Benin; (H.S.); (L.B.-M.)
| | - Razaki Ossè
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
- École de Gestion et d’Exploitation des Systèmes d’Élevage, Université Nationale d’Agriculture de Porto-Novo, Porto-Novo 01 BP 55, Benin
| | - Arthur Sovi
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
- Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Parakou BP 123, Benin
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Roseric Azondekon
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Aboubakar Sidick
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Juvénal Minassou Ahouandjinou
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05 BP 1604, Benin; (H.S.); (L.B.-M.)
| | - Constantin Jesukèdè Adoha
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05 BP 1604, Benin; (H.S.); (L.B.-M.)
| | - André Aimé Sominahouin
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Filémon Tatchémè Tokponnon
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Bruno Akinro
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Haziz Sina
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05 BP 1604, Benin; (H.S.); (L.B.-M.)
| | - Lamine Baba-Moussa
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05 BP 1604, Benin; (H.S.); (L.B.-M.)
| | - Martin Codjo Akogbéto
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin; (A.K.K.); (A.S.S.); (D.M.Z.); (R.O.); (R.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.A.); (C.J.A.); (A.A.S.); (F.T.T.); (B.A.); (M.C.A.)
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Baltar JMC, Pavan MG, Corrêa-Antônio J, Couto-Lima D, Maciel-de-Freitas R, David MR. Gut Bacterial Diversity of Field and Laboratory-Reared Aedes albopictus Populations of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Viruses 2023; 15:1309. [PMID: 37376609 DOI: 10.3390/v15061309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mosquito microbiota impacts different parameters in host biology, such as development, metabolism, immune response and vector competence to pathogens. As the environment is an important source of acquisition of host associate microbes, we described the microbiota and the vector competence to Zika virus (ZIKV) of Aedes albopictus from three areas with distinct landscapes. METHODS Adult females were collected during two different seasons, while eggs were used to rear F1 colonies. Midgut bacterial communities were described in field and F1 mosquitoes as well as in insects from a laboratory colony (>30 generations, LAB) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. F1 mosquitoes were infected with ZIKV to determine virus infection rates (IRs) and dissemination rates (DRs). Collection season significantly affected the bacterial microbiota diversity and composition, e.g., diversity levels decreased from the wet to the dry season. Field-collected and LAB mosquitoes' microbiota had similar diversity levels, which were higher compared to F1 mosquitoes. However, the gut microbiota composition of field mosquitoes was distinct from that of laboratory-reared mosquitoes (LAB and F1), regardless of the collection season and location. A possible negative correlation was detected between Acetobacteraceae and Wolbachia, with the former dominating the gut microbiota of F1 Ae. albopictus, while the latter was absent/undetectable. Furthermore, we detected significant differences in infection and dissemination rates (but not in the viral load) between the mosquito populations, but it does not seem to be related to gut microbiota composition, as it was similar between F1 mosquitoes regardless of their population. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the environment and the collection season play a significant role in shaping mosquitoes' bacterial microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- João M C Baltar
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Márcio G Pavan
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jessica Corrêa-Antônio
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dinair Couto-Lima
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Arbovirology, Bernhard Nocht Institute of Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariana R David
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
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Obame-Nkoghe J, Makanga BK, Zongo SB, Koumba AA, Komba P, Longo-Pendy NM, Mounioko F, Akone-Ella R, Nkoghe-Nkoghe LC, Ngangue-Salamba MF, Yangari P, Aboughe-Angone S, Fournet F, Kengne P, Paupy C. Urban Green Spaces and Vector-Borne Disease Risk in Africa: The Case of an Unclean Forested Park in Libreville (Gabon, Central Africa). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105774. [PMID: 37239503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In Africa, vector-borne diseases are a major public health issue, especially in cities. Urban greening is increasingly considered to promote inhabitants' well-being. However, the impact of urban green spaces on vector risk remains poorly investigated, particularly urban forests in poor hygienic conditions. Therefore, using larval sampling and human landing catches, this study investigated the mosquito diversity and the vector risk in a forest patch and its inhabited surroundings in Libreville, Gabon, central Africa. Among the 104 water containers explored, 94 (90.4%) were artificial (gutters, used tires, plastic bottles) and 10 (9.6%) were natural (puddles, streams, tree holes). In total, 770 mosquitoes belonging to 14 species were collected from such water containers (73.1% outside the forested area). The mosquito community was dominated by Aedes albopictus (33.5%), Culex quinquefasciatus (30.4%), and Lutzia tigripes (16.5%). Although mosquito diversity was almost double outside compared to inside the forest (Shannon diversity index: 1.3 vs. 0.7, respectively), the species relative abundance (Morisita-Horn index = 0.7) was similar. Ae. albopictus (86.1%) was the most aggressive species, putting people at risk of Aedes-borne viruses. This study highlights the importance of waste pollution in urban forested ecosystems as a potential driver of mosquito-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judicaël Obame-Nkoghe
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Département de Biologie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville BP 941, Gabon
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Boris Kevin Makanga
- Institut de Recherche en Écologie Tropicale (IRET/CENAREST), Libreville BP 13354, Gabon
| | - Sylvie Brizard Zongo
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Département de Biologie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville BP 941, Gabon
- Département Faune et Aires Protégées, École Nationale des Eaux et Forêts (ENEF), Libreville BP 3960, Gabon
| | - Aubin Armel Koumba
- Institut de Recherche en Écologie Tropicale (IRET/CENAREST), Libreville BP 13354, Gabon
| | - Prune Komba
- Unité de Recherche GéoHydrosystèmes Continentaux (UR GéHCo), Département Géosciences et Environnement, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Neil-Michel Longo-Pendy
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Franck Mounioko
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Département de Biologie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville BP 941, Gabon
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Rodolphe Akone-Ella
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Lynda Chancelya Nkoghe-Nkoghe
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Marc-Flaubert Ngangue-Salamba
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Patrick Yangari
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Sophie Aboughe-Angone
- Institut de Pharmacopée et de Médecine Traditionnelle (IPHAMETRA), Libreville BP 1156, Gabon
| | - Florence Fournet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Kengne
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Paupy
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34193 Montpellier, France
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Damasceno-Caldeira R, Nunes-Neto JP, Aragão CF, Freitas MNO, Ferreira MS, Castro PHGD, Dias DD, Araújo PADS, Brandão RCF, Nunes BTD, Silva EVPD, Martins LC, Vasconcelos PFDC, Cruz ACR. Vector Competence of Aedes albopictus for Yellow Fever Virus: Risk of Reemergence of Urban Yellow Fever in Brazil. Viruses 2023; 15:v15041019. [PMID: 37112999 PMCID: PMC10146658 DOI: 10.3390/v15041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of the emergence and reemergence of zoonoses is high in regions that are under the strong influence of anthropogenic actions, as they contribute to the risk of vector disease transmission. Yellow fever (YF) is among the main pathogenic arboviral diseases in the world, and the Culicidae Aedes albopictus has been proposed as having the potential to transmit the yellow fever virus (YFV). This mosquito inhabits both urban and wild environments, and under experimental conditions, it has been shown to be susceptible to infection by YFV. In this study, the vector competence of the mosquito Ae. albopictus for the YFV was investigated. Female Ae. albopictus were exposed to non-human primates (NHP) of the genus Callithrix infected with YFV via a needle inoculation. Subsequently, on the 14th and 21st days post-infection, the legs, heads, thorax/abdomen and saliva of the arthropods were collected and analyzed by viral isolation and molecular analysis techniques to verify the infection, dissemination and transmission. The presence of YFV was detected in the saliva samples through viral isolation and in the head, thorax/abdomen and legs both by viral isolation and by molecular detection. The susceptibility of Ae. albopictus to YFV confers a potential risk of reemergence of urban YF in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossela Damasceno-Caldeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Pinto Nunes-Neto
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Carine Fortes Aragão
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria Nazaré Oliveira Freitas
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Milene Silveira Ferreira
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Gomes de Castro
- Centro Nacional de Primatas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Daniel Damous Dias
- Programa de Pós'Graduação em Biologia Parasitária da Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Pedro Arthur da Silva Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Roberto Carlos Feitosa Brandão
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Bruno Tardelli Diniz Nunes
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Eliana Vieira Pinto da Silva
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Lívia Carício Martins
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós'Graduação em Biologia Parasitária da Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós'Graduação em Biologia Parasitária da Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
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Mulderij-Jansen V, Pundir P, Grillet ME, Lakiang T, Gerstenbluth I, Duits A, Tami A, Bailey A. Effectiveness of Aedes-borne infectious disease control in Latin America and the Caribbean region: A scoping review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277038. [PMID: 36322603 PMCID: PMC9629598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are primary vectors of emerging or re-emerging arboviruses that threaten public health worldwide. Many efforts have been made to develop interventions to control these Aedes species populations. Still, countries in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region struggle to create/design/develop sustainable and effective control strategies. This scoping review synthesises evidence concerning the effectiveness of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus prevention and control interventions performed in LAC (2000–2021). The findings can be used to evaluate, compare and develop more effective control strategies. Methodology The review is based on the methodology by Joanna Briggs Institute for conducting a scoping review. The MEDLINE (via PubMed and Web of Science), Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE and ScienceDirect databases were used to search for articles. Grey literature was searched from governmental and non-governmental organisation websites. Four reviewers independently screened all titles and abstracts and full-text of the articles using the Rayyan web application, based on pre-defined eligibility criteria. Results A total of 122 publications were included in the review. Most studies focused on dengue virus infection and data on Ae. aegypti. Entomological data were mainly used to determine the intervention’s effectiveness. An integrated control intervention was the most commonly employed strategy in both regions. Biological control measures, environmental management, and health education campaigns on community participation achieved more sustainable results than an intervention where only a chemical control measure was used. Challenges to implementing interventions were insufficient financial support, resources, workforce, intersectoral collaboration and legislation. Conclusions Based on the synthesised data, an integrated vector (Aedes) management focused on community participation seems to be the most effective approach to mitigate Aedes-borne infectious diseases. Maintaining the approach’s effect remains challenging as it requires multisectoral and multi-disciplinary team engagement and active community participation. Future research needs to address the barriers to program implementation and maintenance as data on this topic is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaitiare Mulderij-Jansen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, International Development Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Curaçao Biomedical & Health Research Institute, Willemstad, Curaçao
- * E-mail:
| | - Prachi Pundir
- George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
| | - Maria E. Grillet
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | - Izzy Gerstenbluth
- Department of Epidemiology, Curaçao Biomedical & Health Research Institute, Willemstad, Curaçao
- Epidemiology and Research Unit, Ministry of Health Environment and Nature of Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Ashley Duits
- Red Cross Blood Bank Foundation, Willemstad, Curaҫao
- Department of Immunology, Curaçao Biomedical & Health Research Institute, Willemstad, Curaçao
- Institute for Medical Education, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriana Tami
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ajay Bailey
- Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, International Development Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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6
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Andrade PS, Valença IN, Heinisch MRS, Rocha EC, Fernandes LN, Faria NR, Sabino EC, Lima-Camara TN. First Report of Wenzhou sobemo-like virus 4 in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Latin America. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112341. [PMID: 36366436 PMCID: PMC9696862 DOI: 10.3390/v14112341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect-specific viruses (ISVs) are viruses that replicate exclusively in arthropod cells. Many ISVs have been studied in mosquitoes as many of them act as vectors for human etiological agents, such as arboviruses. Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is an important potential vector of several arboviruses in Brazil, such as dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV). The development of next-generation sequencing metagenomics has enabled the discovery and characterization of new ISVs. Ae. albopictus eggs were collected using oviposition traps placed in two urban parks in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The Aedes albopictus females were divided into pools and the genetic material was extracted and processed for sequencing by metagenomics. Complete genomes of ISV Wenzhou sobemo-like virus 4 (WSLV4) were obtained in three of the four pools tested. This is the first detection of ISV WSLV4 in Ae. albopictus females in Latin America. Further studies on ISVs in Ae. albopictus are needed to better understand the role of this species in the dynamics of arbovirus transmission in the Americas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmela S. Andrade
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Ian N. Valença
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Marta R. S. Heinisch
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Esmenia C. Rocha
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Lícia N. Fernandes
- Medical Research Laboratory 49, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Nuno R. Faria
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Jameel Institute, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Ester C. Sabino
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Tamara N. Lima-Camara
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Oviposition on the Coast of Paraná, Brazil, a Recent Area of Dengue Virus Transmission. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7090246. [PMID: 36136657 PMCID: PMC9501904 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7090246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are considered the most important vectors of arboviruses in the world. Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of dengue, urban yellow fever, chikungunya and zika in Brazil, and Ae. albopictus is considered a potential vector. Distribution patterns and the influence of climatic variables on the oviposition of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were evaluated in Morretes, a tourist city in the coastal area of Paraná State, Brazil, which has recently been experiencing cases of dengue fever. Eggs were collected using ovitraps over a period of one year (September 2017 to September 2018) and reared from hatching until the emergence of the adults. Both Aedes species were found in anthropized areas with a high human density index. Findings suggest that the monthly average temperature (LRT = 16.65, p = 0.001) had significant positive influences on the oviposition of the Aedes species. Considering the wide distribution of DENV around the Paraná coast and the presence of Ae. albopictus alongside Ae. aegypti, studies on natural arbovirus infection patterns and seasonality are recommended in the region.
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A literature review of dispersal pathways of Aedes albopictus across different spatial scales: implications for vector surveillance. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:303. [PMID: 36030291 PMCID: PMC9420301 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes albopictus is a highly invasive species and an important vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses. Indigenous to Southeast Asia, Ae. albopictus has successfully invaded every inhabited continent, except Antarctica, in the past 80 years. Vector surveillance and control at points of entry (PoE) is the most critical front line of defence against the introduction of Ae. albopictus to new areas. Identifying the pathways by which Ae. albopictus are introduced is the key to implementing effective vector surveillance to rapidly detect introductions and to eliminate them. METHODS A literature review was conducted to identify studies and data sources reporting the known and suspected dispersal pathways of human-mediated Ae. albopictus dispersal between 1940-2020. Studies and data sources reporting the first introduction of Ae. albopictus in a new country were selected for data extraction and analyses. RESULTS Between 1940-2020, Ae. albopictus was reported via various dispersal pathways into 86 new countries. Two main dispersal pathways were identified: (1) at global and continental spatial scales, maritime sea transport was the main dispersal pathway for Ae. albopictus into new countries in the middle to late 20th Century, with ships carrying used tyres of particular importance during the 1980s and 1990s, and (2) at continental and national spatial scales, the passive transportation of Ae. albopictus in ground vehicles and to a lesser extent the trade of used tyres and maritime sea transport appear to be the major drivers of Ae. albopictus dispersal into new countries, especially in Europe. Finally, the dispersal pathways for the introduction and spread of Ae. albopictus in numerous countries remains unknown, especially from the 1990s onwards. CONCLUSIONS This review identified the main known and suspected dispersal pathways of human-mediated Ae. albopictus dispersal leading to the first introduction of Ae. albopictus into new countries and highlighted gaps in our understanding of Ae. albopictus dispersal pathways. Relevant advances in vector surveillance and genomic tracking techniques are presented and discussed in the context of improving vector surveillance.
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Gómez M, Martinez D, Muñoz M, Ramírez JD. Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus microbiome/virome: new strategies for controlling arboviral transmission? Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:287. [PMID: 35945559 PMCID: PMC9364528 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the main vectors of highly pathogenic viruses for humans, such as dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV), and Zika (ZIKV), which cause febrile, hemorrhagic, and neurological diseases and remain a major threat to global public health. The high ecological plasticity, opportunistic feeding patterns, and versatility in the use of urban and natural breeding sites of these vectors have favored their dispersal and adaptation in tropical, subtropical, and even temperate zones. Due to the lack of available treatments and vaccines, mosquito population control is the most effective way to prevent arboviral diseases. Resident microorganisms play a crucial role in host fitness by preventing or enhancing its vectorial ability to transmit viral pathogens. High-throughput sequencing and metagenomic analyses have advanced our understanding of the composition and functionality of the microbiota of Aedes spp. Interestingly, shotgun metagenomics studies have established that mosquito vectors harbor a highly conserved virome composed of insect-specific viruses (ISV). Although ISVs are not infectious to vertebrates, they can alter different phases of the arboviral cycle, interfering with transmission to the human host. Therefore, this review focuses on the description of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus as vectors susceptible to infection by viral pathogens, highlighting the role of the microbiota-virome in vectorial competence and its potential in control strategies for new emerging and re-emerging arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Gómez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.,Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas (NÚCLEO) Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja, Colombia
| | - David Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Lima-Camara TN, Medeiros-Sousa AR, Coelho RR, Marrelli MT. Body size does not affect locomotor activity of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus females (Diptera:Culicidae). Acta Trop 2022; 231:106430. [PMID: 35367409 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Intraspecific competition between mosquito larvae can affect several adult traits, particularly size. This study tested the hypothesis that intraspecific competition during the larval stage affects wing length in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus adults, in turn influencing locomotor activity. L1 larvae of both species were reared in trays under conditions of low and high competition. After adults had emerged, the locomotor activity of virgin females of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus was evaluated under light-dark cycles of 12:12 h at 25 °C and 70% relative humidity. At the end of the locomotor activity experiment, the left wings of the mosquitoes were removed to be measured, and wing length was used as an indicator of adult female size. Although the results showed that the wing lengths of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus females reared under low larval competition were significantly greater than those of females reared under high larval competition, this difference did not affect locomotor activity in females of either species, demonstrating that locomotor activity in small Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus females is not lower than in larger females. Our findings reinforce the idea that intraspecific competition alters the wing length of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus females and provide new evidence about this effect on the locomotor activity of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Nunes Lima-Camara
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Ronan Rocha Coelho
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro Toledo Marrelli
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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11
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Entomological Surveillance of Aedes Mosquitoes: Comparison of Different Collection Methods in an Endemic Area in RIO de Janeiro, Brazil. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7070114. [PMID: 35878126 PMCID: PMC9324765 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7070114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Using collection methods for Aedes adults as surveillance tools provides reliable indices and arbovirus detection possibilities. This study compared the effectiveness of different methods for collecting Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus and detecting arboviruses circulating in field-caught female specimens. Collection sites were defined in urban, peri-urban, and rural landscapes in two Brazilian cities. Collections were performed using Adultraps (ADT), BG-Sentinel (BGS), CDC-like traps (CDC), and indoor (ASP-I) and outdoor (ASP-O) aspiration during the rainy and dry seasons of 2015 and 2016. Generalized linear mixed models were used to model the effectiveness of each collection method. A total of 434 Ae. aegypti and 393 Ae. albopictus were collected. In total, 64 Ae. aegypti and sixteen Ae. albopictus female pools were tested for DENV, CHIKV, ZIKV, or YFV; none were positive. Positivity and density were linear at low densities (<1 specimen); thereafter, the relationship became non-linear. For Ae. aegypti, ADT and CDC were less effective, and ASP-I and ASP-O were as effective as BGS. For Ae. albopictus, all collection methods were less effective than BGS. This study highlights the need for an integrated surveillance method as an effective tool for monitoring Aedes vectors.
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12
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Alonso AC, Stein M, Matías Hisgen C, Micieli MV. Abiotic factors affecting the prevalence of Wolbachia (Rickettsiaceae) in immature Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Culicidae). J Invertebr Pathol 2022; 189:107730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2022.107730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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The impact of climate suitability, urbanisation, and connectivity on the expansion of dengue in 21st century Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009773. [PMID: 34882679 PMCID: PMC8691609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is hyperendemic in Brazil, with outbreaks affecting all regions. Previous studies identified geographical barriers to dengue transmission in Brazil, beyond which certain areas, such as South Brazil and the Amazon rainforest, were relatively protected from outbreaks. Recent data shows these barriers are being eroded. In this study, we explore the drivers of this expansion and identify the current limits to the dengue transmission zone. We used a spatio-temporal additive model to explore the associations between dengue outbreaks and temperature suitability, urbanisation, and connectivity to the Brazilian urban network. The model was applied to a binary outbreak indicator, assuming the official threshold value of 300 cases per 100,000 residents, for Brazil’s municipalities between 2001 and 2020. We found a nonlinear relationship between higher levels of connectivity to the Brazilian urban network and the odds of an outbreak, with lower odds in metropoles compared to regional capitals. The number of months per year with suitable temperature conditions for Aedes mosquitoes was positively associated with the dengue outbreak occurrence. Temperature suitability explained most interannual and spatial variation in South Brazil, confirming this geographical barrier is influenced by lower seasonal temperatures. Municipalities that had experienced an outbreak previously had double the odds of subsequent outbreaks. We identified geographical barriers to dengue transmission in South Brazil, western Amazon, and along the northern coast of Brazil. Although a southern barrier still exists, it has shifted south, and the Amazon no longer has a clear boundary. Few areas of Brazil remain protected from dengue outbreaks. Communities living on the edge of previous barriers are particularly susceptible to future outbreaks as they lack immunity. Control strategies should target regions at risk of future outbreaks as well as those currently within the dengue transmission zone. Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease that has expanded rapidly around the world due to increased urbanisation, global mobility and climate change. In Brazil, geographical barriers to dengue transmission exist, beyond which certain areas including South Brazil and the Amazon rainforest are relatively protected from outbreaks. However, we found that the previous barrier in South Brazil has shifted further south as a result of increased temperature suitability. The previously identified barrier protecting the western Amazon no longer exists. This is particularly concerning as we found dengue outbreaks tend to become established in areas after introduction. Highly influential cities with many transport links had increased odds of an outbreak. However, the most influential cities had lower odds of an outbreak than cities connected regionally. This study highlights the importance of monitoring the expansion of dengue outbreaks and designing disease prevention strategies for areas at risk of future outbreaks as well as areas in the established dengue transmission zone.
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Artigas P, Reguera-Gomez M, Valero MA, Osca D, da Silva Pacheco R, Rosa-Freitas MG, Fernandes Silva-do-Nascimento T, Paredes-Esquivel C, Lucientes J, Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD. Aedes albopictus diversity and relationships in south-western Europe and Brazil by rDNA/mtDNA and phenotypic analyses: ITS-2, a useful marker for spread studies. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:333. [PMID: 34174940 PMCID: PMC8235640 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04829-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes albopictus is a very invasive mosquito, which has recently colonized tropical and temperate regions worldwide. Of concern is its role in the spread of emerging or re-emerging mosquito-borne diseases. Ae. albopictus from south-western Europe and Brazil were studied to infer genetic and phenetic diversity at intra-individual, intra-population and inter-population levels, and to analyse its spread. METHODS Genotyping was made by rDNA 5.8S-ITS-2 and mtDNA cox1 sequencing to assess haplotype and nucleotide diversity, genetic distances and phylogenetic networks. Male and female phenotyping included combined landmark-and outlined-based geometric morphometrics of wing size and shape. RESULTS Specimens from seven populations from Spain, France and Brazil provided 12 cox1 and 162 5.8S-ITS-2 haplotypes, with great genetic variability difference between both markers (0.9% vs 31.2%). Five cox1 haplotypes were shared with other countries, mainly Italy, USA and China, but none was shared between Europe and Brazil. The 5.8S-ITS-2 showed 2-7 intra-individual (mean 4.7) and 16-34 intra-/inter-population haplotypes (24.7), including haplotypes shared between Spain, France and Brazil. A 4.3% of ITS-2 haplotypes were shared, mainly with Italy, USA and Thailand, evidencing worldwide spread and introductions from areas where recent outbreaks of Ae. albopictus-transmitted pathogens occurred. Wing size showed sex differences. Wing shape distinguished between Brazilian and European specimens. Both genetic and morphometric markers showed differences between insular Spain and continental Spain, France and Brazil. CONCLUSIONS ITS-2 proves to be a useful marker to assess Ae. albopictus spread, providing pronouncedly more information than cox1, including intra-individual, intra-population and inter-population levels, furnishing a complete overview of the evolutionary exchanges followed by this mosquito. Wing morphometry proves to be a useful phenotyping marker, allowing to distinguish different populations at the level of both male and female specimens. Results indicate the need for periodic surveillance monitorings to verify that no Ae. albopictus with high virus transmission capacity is introduced into Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Artigas
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - Marta Reguera-Gomez
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - María Adela Valero
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - David Osca
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - Raquel da Silva Pacheco
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
- Laboratõrio de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, INI, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - María Goreti Rosa-Freitas
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Paredes-Esquivel
- Grupo de Zoología Aplicada y de La Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de las Islas Baleares, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Javier Lucientes
- Instituto de Investigación Agroalimentario de Aragón IA2, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Santiago Mas-Coma
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - María Dolores Bargues
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
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15
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Camargo C, Alfonso-Parra C, Díaz S, Rincon DF, Ramírez-Sánchez LF, Agudelo J, Barrientos LM, Villa-Arias S, Avila FW. Spatial and temporal population dynamics of male and female Aedes albopictus at a local scale in Medellín, Colombia. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:312. [PMID: 34103091 PMCID: PMC8188797 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04806-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diseases transmitted by invasive Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are public health issues in the tropics and subtropics. Understanding the ecology of mosquito vectors is essential for the development of effective disease mitigation programs and will allow for accurate predictions of vector occurrence and abundance. Studies that examine mosquito population dynamics are typically focused on female presence or total adult captures without discriminating the temporal and spatial distribution of both sexes. METHODS We collected immature and adult mosquitoes bimonthly for 2 years (2018-2019) in the Medellín Botanical Garden. Collection sites differed in proximity to buildings and nearby vegetation, and were classified by their overhead vegetation cover. We used linear mixed models (LMMs) and Spatial Analysis by Distance Indices (SADIE) to assess the spatial distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Using our Ae. albopictus captures exclusively, we assessed (1) the spatial and temporal distribution of males and females using SADIE and a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM), (2) the relationship between climatic variables/vegetation coverage and adult captures using GLMMs and LMMs, and (3) the correlation of male and female size in relation to climatic variables and vegetation coverage using LMMs. RESULTS Spatial analysis showed that Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were distributed at different locations within the surveilled area. However, Ae. albopictus was the predominant species in the park during the study period. Adult Ae. albopictus captures were positively correlated with precipitation and relative humidity, and inversely correlated with temperature and wind speed. Moreover, we observed a spatial misalignment of Ae. albopictus males and females-the majority of males were located in the high vegetation coverage sites, while females were more evenly distributed. We observed significant associations of the size of our adult Ae. albopictus captures with precipitation, temperature, and wind speed for both sexes and found that overhead vegetation cover influenced male size, but observed no effect on female size. CONCLUSIONS Our work elucidates the differential dynamics of Ae. albopictus males and females, which is pivotal to develop accurate surveillance and the successful establishment of vector control programs based on the disruption of insect reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Camargo
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Complejo RutaN, Calle 67 #52-20, Laboratory 4-166, 050010, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Catalina Alfonso-Parra
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Complejo RutaN, Calle 67 #52-20, Laboratory 4-166, 050010, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, 055450, Sabaneta, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Sebastián Díaz
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Complejo RutaN, Calle 67 #52-20, Laboratory 4-166, 050010, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Diego F Rincon
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), 250047, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Luis Felipe Ramírez-Sánchez
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Complejo RutaN, Calle 67 #52-20, Laboratory 4-166, 050010, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Juliana Agudelo
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Complejo RutaN, Calle 67 #52-20, Laboratory 4-166, 050010, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Luisa M Barrientos
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Complejo RutaN, Calle 67 #52-20, Laboratory 4-166, 050010, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Sara Villa-Arias
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Complejo RutaN, Calle 67 #52-20, Laboratory 4-166, 050010, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Frank W Avila
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Complejo RutaN, Calle 67 #52-20, Laboratory 4-166, 050010, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
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Westby KM, Juliano SA, Medley KA. Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Has Not Become the Dominant Species in Artificial Container Habitats in a Temperate Forest More Than a Decade After Establishment. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:950-955. [PMID: 33073848 PMCID: PMC8244635 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) is one of the most invasive species globally, and has led to rapid declines and local extirpations of resident mosquitoes where it becomes established. A potential mechanism behind these displacements is the superior competitive ability of Ae. albopictus in larval habitats. Research on the context-dependent nature of competitive displacement predicts that Ae. albopictus will not replace native Aedes triseriatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae) in treeholes but could do so in artificial container habitats. Aedes albopictus remains rare in temperate treeholes but less is known about how Ae. albopictus fares in artificial containers in forests. Tyson Research Center (TRC) is a field station composed of mostly oak-hickory forest located outside Saint Louis, MO. The container community has been studied regularly at TRC since 2007 with permanently established artificial containers on the property since 2013. Aedes albopictus was detected each year when these communities were sampled; however, its abundance remains low and it fails to numerically dominate other species in these communities. We present data that show Ae. albopictus numbers have not increased in the last decade. We compare egg counts from 2007 to 2016 and combine larval sample data from 2012 to 2017.We present average larval densities and prevalence of Ae. albopictus and two competitors, Ae. triseriatus and Aedes japonicus (Theobald) (Diptera: Culicidae), as well as monthly averages by year. These data highlight a circumstance in which Ae. albopictus fails to dominate the Aedes community despite it doing so in more human-impacted habitats. We present hypotheses for these patterns based upon abiotic and biotic environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Westby
- Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Eureka, MO
| | - Steven A Juliano
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL
| | - Kim A Medley
- Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Eureka, MO
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Aedes albopictus Populations and Larval Habitat Characteristics across the Landscape: Significant Differences Exist between Urban and Rural Land Use Types. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12030196. [PMID: 33668917 PMCID: PMC7996563 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the most profound recent global changes has been the proliferation of urban metropolitan areas. A consequence of urbanization is a reduction in abundance, or diversity, of wildlife. One exception, is the proliferation of vectors of disease; recent years have seen the emergence and resurgence of diseases vectored by species closely associated with humans. Aedes albopictus, a mosquito with a near global range and broad ecological niche, has been described as an urban, suburban, or rural vector, or a forest edge species depending on local conditions. We tested the hypothesis that abundance and phenological patterns of this species vary among different land use types in a temperate city because of the variation in the biotic and abiotic conditions characteristic of those habitat types. A. albopictus populations in urban and suburban areas were an order of magnitude larger than in rural areas and were detected several weeks earlier in the season. Additionally, we found fewer overall mosquito species, higher temperatures, lower nitrogen, higher pH, and faster water evaporation in larval habitats in urban vs. rural areas. By understanding the ecological differences that facilitate a species in one habitat and not another, we can potentially exploit those differences for targeted control.
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Hendy A, Hernandez-Acosta E, Chaves BA, Fé NF, Valério D, Mendonça C, Lacerda MVGD, Buenemann M, Vasilakis N, Hanley KA. Into the woods: Changes in mosquito community composition and presence of key vectors at increasing distances from the urban edge in urban forest parks in Manaus, Brazil. Acta Trop 2020; 206:105441. [PMID: 32173316 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) was recently introduced into the Americas and now has the potential to spill back into a sylvatic cycle in the region, likely involving non-human primates and Aedes, Haemagogus, and Sabethes species mosquitoes. We investigated potential routes of mosquito-borne virus exchange between urban and sylvatic transmission cycles by characterizing mosquito communities in three urban forest parks that receive heavy traffic from both humans and monkeys in Manaus, Brazil. Parks were stratified by both distance from the urban-forest edge (0, 50, 100, and 500 m) and relative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) (low, medium, or high), and mosquitoes were sampled at randomly selected sites within each stratum using BG-Sentinel traps. Additionally, temperature, relative humidity, and other environmental data were collected at each site. A total of 1,172 mosquitoes were collected from 184 sites sampled in 2018, of which 98 sites were resampled in 2019. Using park as the unit of replication (i.e. 3 replicates per sampling stratum), a two-way ANOVA showed no effect of distance or NDVI on the mean number of identified species (P > 0.05 for both comparisons) or on species diversity as measured by the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (P > 0.10 for both comparisons). However, the Morisita overlap index revealed that mosquito communities changed substantially with increasing distance from edge, with communities at 0 m and 500 m being quite distinct. Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti penetrated at least 100 m into the forest, while forest specialists including Haemagogus janthinomys, Sabethes glaucodaemon, and Sa. tridentatus were detected in low numbers within 100 m from the forest edge. Trichoprosopon digitatum and Psorophora amazonica were among the most abundant species collected, and both showed distributions extending from the forest edge to its interior. Our results show overlapping distributions of urban and forest mosquitoes at park edges, which highlights the risk of arbovirus exchange via multiple bridge vectors in Brazilian urban forest parks. These parks may also provide refugia for both Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti from mosquito control programs.
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